† refracturen.1
Obsolete. rare.
An instance of refractory opposition or action.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [noun] > disobedient stubbornness
contumacec1230
unbuxomnessa1300
unbuxomheada1325
contumacyc1386
sturdinessa1400
stoutnessc1400
contumacityc1420
pervicacy1537
untractablenessa1600
pervicacity1604
contumation1618
refractariness1624
refractoriness1627
incorrigiblenessa1631
indocibleness1647
immorigerousness1649
contumaciousness1654
refracture1659
intractableness1664
unmanageableness1664
refractiveness1674
untractibleness1676
pervicaciousness1692
untreatableness1693
untractability1797
recalcitrancy1844
recalcitrance1845
1659 J. Gauden Ἱερα Δακρυα iv. xx. 562 More veniall and excusable may those verball reluctancies, reserves, and refractures..seem.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2021).
refracturen.2
/rᵻˈfraktʃə/, U.S. /riˈfræktʃər/ Medicine and Surgery.
Fracture (of a bone) that has already been broken, esp. at the site of a previous fracture; an instance of this. Cf. refracture v.
ΚΠ
1842 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Sci. Oct. 311 In an old man of 70 years of age, where a re-fracture was made to remedy a deformed thigh, death occurred from the effects of the operation.
1863 F. H. Hamilton Pract. Treat. Fractures & Dislocations (ed. 2) 465 An instructive case of refracture is reported by Dr. Horner.
1908 Practitioner Oct. 535 Instances of refracture in long bones, at an old site of previous similar injury.
1998 Arch. Orthop. & Trauma Surg. 117 240 There was a high incidence of new fractures as well as refractures.
2006 Northern Echo (Nexis) 6 July 19 Mark Davies will also bowl in the nets today after his latest scan confirmed there had been no refracture in his back.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
refracturev.
/rᵻˈfraktʃə/, U.S. /riˈfræktʃər/ Medicine and Surgery.
1. transitive. To fracture (a bone) again (accidentally or surgically).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders of bones > affect with bone disorder [verb (transitive)] > fracture
chine1596
refracture1789
1789 J. Sheldon Ess. Fracture Patella or Kneepan 58 The patient will walk as well as before the accident..without that predisposition to refracture the Patella.
1837 Lancet 11 Nov. 233/1 The gentleman was obliged to have the arm refractured in order to put it in a natural position.
1876 Clin. Soc. Trans. 9 161 Mr. Maunder proposed to try and re-fracture the thigh.
1898 Daily News 22 July 5/7 He unfortunately re-fractured the left bone.
1952 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 83 288/1 The patient had been walking for fifteen months when he refractured the leg.
1988 Jrnl. Bone & Joint Surg. 70A 1372/1 Seven patients had a refracture, two of whom refractured both bones of the forearm.
2. intransitive. To undergo or suffer a fracture again.
ΚΠ
1882 Canada Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 10 668 Patients who have good fibrous union have better use of their limbs than those with bony union, and besides the tendency to refracture is less.
1927 Lancet 5 Feb. 306/1 Spontaneous fractures due to the presence of a tumour or a cyst..are very apt to refracture in the future.
1971 Jrnl. Bone & Joint Surg. 53A 699 Only one patient refractured, and he sustained two fractures at the osteotomy site.
2000 Amer. Jrnl. Sports Med. 28 732/1 Three athletes refractured at 2.5, 4, and 4.5 months after return to activity.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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