reformatoryadj.n.

Brit.

/rᵻˈfɔːmət(ə)ri/, U.S.

/rəˈfɔrməˌtɔri/,

/riˈfɔrməˌtɔri/

Forms: 1500s–1600s reformatorie, 1700s– reformatory.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin reformāt- , reformāre , -ory suffix².

Etymology: < classical Latin reformāt-, past participial stem of reformāre reform v.¹ + -ory suffix². Compare Middle French reformatoire tending or intended to reform or correct (1508 in an isolated attestation), and (with the use as noun) post-classical Latin reformatorium reformation, amendment (15th cent. in British and continental sources).

A. adj.

†1. = reformist adj. 1. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > amending > [adjective] > reforming

mendinga1542

reformatory1589

reforming?1591

reformative1593

reformalizing1614

reformationary1823

reformationist1948

1589 T. Nashe To Students in R. Greene Menaphon Epist. Sig. A^v The vpstart discipline, of our reformatorie Churchmen, who account wit vanitie, and poetrie impietie.

2. Tending or intended to produce reform.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > reform, amendment, or correction > [adjective]

reforming?1591

reformative1593

verticordious1702

reformatory1791

reformationary1823

reformationist1948

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. ix. 535/2 The Barons did as yet forbeare to declare, what those reformatorie Prouisions should be.

1709 J. Strype Ann. Reformation xvii. 209 Much was done not long after according to this Reformatory Platform.

1791 J. Bentham Panopticon ii. Postscr. 189 The business of reformatory instruction may be transferred to the Chapel.

1831 J. Mackintosh Speech in Commons 4 July in Wks. (1846) III. 535 Such objections..would exclude most important questions, and, certainly, all reformatory measures.

1859 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 22 39 I will not dwell on the capricious terms of imprisonment which have been coupled with sentences to Reformatory discipline.

1884 Manch. Examiner 21 Aug. 4/7 The object of the discipline..is not so much retributive as reformatory.

1911 H. S. Harrison Queed xxv. 314 Say, Doc, I been readin' them reformatory drools of yours.

1950 Times 20 Mar. 5/3 As the result of the laudable impulse for reformatory treatment, the expectation may have been fostered among criminals that they will find that the salutary discomforts of prison have been reformed away.

1991 M. Valverde Age Light, Soap, & Water i. 26 The turn of the century witnessed a marked decline of eye-for-eye discourses on crime and their replacement by therapeutic and reformatory strategies.

B. n.

An institution for the discipline and reform of criminal offenders; (now chiefly North American) one to which young offenders are sent as an alternative to prison; cf. reform school n. at reform n.² and adj. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > place of education > school > [noun] > reform school

house of reformation1581

reformatory1758

reform school1839

truant-school1872

training school1905

approved school1932

juvie1967

society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] > reformatory prison > for young offenders

house of reformation1581

reformatory1758

reform school1839

Borstal1907

community home1915

boot camp1978

1758 J. Fielding (title) A plan for a preservatory and reformatory, for the benefit of deserted girls, and penitent prostitutes.

1834 J. S. Mill in Monthly Repos. 8 735 If all who, in any manner violated the laws, were removed into such a place of reformation, the inhabitants of the reformatory would speedily outnumber the remainder of the community.

1878 Harper's Mag. Dec. 109/1 Our reformatories..do not check the first steps in wrong-doing.

1934 Sun (Baltimore) 9 Oct. 7/3 Colletta..had better be good or she will be sent to a reformatory, her mother..warned today as the Pittsburgh (Pa.) playgirl arrived in Manila.

1959 F. O'Connor Let. 5 July in Habit of Being (1980) 339 The reformatory is about a mile away and the lads escape about this time of year.

1977 Washington Post 25 Feb. a2/1 About 200 inmates at the Ohio State Reformatory hurled trays and food and fought guards during a disturbance today in the institution dining room.

2004 Spin June 97/2 He knew Vorce was looking at several years in Long Creek Youth Detention Centre, a Maine state reformatory.

Phrases

Chiefly North American. in reformatory: in a reformatory, esp. as a custodial sentence.

ΚΠ

1869 J. W. Edmonds Statutes at Large of State of N.Y. (ed. 2) V. 256 Ever learned a trade, ever married, ever in reformatory, [etc.].

1895 J. Crankshaw Pract. Guide Police Magistrates xii. 308 (heading) No imprisonment in reformatory in Ontario.

1917 H. E. Barnes Rep. Prison Inq. Commiss. (State of N.J.) II. 298 (in table) Arrested five times or more... In Reformatory less than 15 mos... Went home when paroled [etc.].

1970 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 26 Sept. 2/2 [He] was sentenced to two years less a day definite and 18 months indeterminate in reformatory after admitting that he stole about $50,000 from Sunnybrook Hospital.

1997 N. Rose in R. Porter Rewriting Self 225 The psychiatrist assessing the defendant before charge, verdict or sentence or running ‘therapeutic groups’ in prison or reformatory; the doctor evaluating a disturbed individual with a view to compelling them to receive psychiatric treatment.

2005 R. Nidel World Music: Basics ii. 100 He picked up boxing at age 13 and after spending a year in reformatory, worked in the steel mills with his father.

Compounds

reformatory school n. an institution to which young offenders are sent as an alternative to prison, typically focusing on education and training rather than punishment.

ΚΠ

1824 Monthly Rev. Aug. 423 Having converted the..dungeons of the poor..into reformatory schools and penitentiaries.

1912 Times 2 Mar. 7/3 He would be detained in a reformatory school for three years.

2000 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Electronic ed.) 30 Jan. I didn't want him to feel like I was sending him to a reformatory school.

reformatory ship n. now historical a ship used as a reformatory school, specifically for training young offenders to be seamen; cf. prison ship n. at prison n. Compounds 1c.

ΚΠ

1856 Liverpool Mercury 30 Jan. 4/5 Their time and attention having been so much required in establishing the reformatory ship, they [sc. the committee of the friends and supporters of the Liverpool Reformatory Institution] have been unable to make any progress with the other two branches contemplated in their prospectus.

1858 S. P. Day Juvenile Crime xi. 429 Upon application to the Admiralty, the ‘Akbar’ was generously granted for the purpose of a Reformatory ship.

1933 J. Masefield Conway ii. 61 H.M.S. reformatory-ship Clarence was fired and burned by the boys on board her.

2003 M. Kohli Golden Bridge vii. 244 In 1863, Nugent helped to obtain a vessel, the Clarence, for use as a reformatory ship.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	reformatory
释义	reformatoryadj.n. Brit. /rᵻˈfɔːmət(ə)ri/, U.S. /rəˈfɔrməˌtɔri/, /riˈfɔrməˌtɔri/ Forms: 1500s–1600s reformatorie, 1700s– reformatory. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin reformāt- , reformāre , -ory suffix². Etymology: < classical Latin reformāt-, past participial stem of reformāre reform v.¹ + -ory suffix². Compare Middle French reformatoire tending or intended to reform or correct (1508 in an isolated attestation), and (with the use as noun) post-classical Latin reformatorium reformation, amendment (15th cent. in British and continental sources). A. adj. †1. = reformist adj. 1. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > [adjective] > reforming mendinga1542 reformatory1589 reforming?1591 reformative1593 reformalizing1614 reformationary1823 reformationist1948 1589 T. Nashe To Students in R. Greene Menaphon Epist. Sig. A^v The vpstart discipline, of our reformatorie Churchmen, who account wit vanitie, and poetrie impietie. 2. Tending or intended to produce reform. ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > reform, amendment, or correction > [adjective] reforming?1591 reformative1593 verticordious1702 reformatory1791 reformationary1823 reformationist1948 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. ix. 535/2 The Barons did as yet forbeare to declare, what those reformatorie Prouisions should be. 1709 J. Strype Ann. Reformation xvii. 209 Much was done not long after according to this Reformatory Platform. 1791 J. Bentham Panopticon ii. Postscr. 189 The business of reformatory instruction may be transferred to the Chapel. 1831 J. Mackintosh Speech in Commons 4 July in Wks. (1846) III. 535 Such objections..would exclude most important questions, and, certainly, all reformatory measures. 1859 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 22 39 I will not dwell on the capricious terms of imprisonment which have been coupled with sentences to Reformatory discipline. 1884 Manch. Examiner 21 Aug. 4/7 The object of the discipline..is not so much retributive as reformatory. 1911 H. S. Harrison Queed xxv. 314 Say, Doc, I been readin' them reformatory drools of yours. 1950 Times 20 Mar. 5/3 As the result of the laudable impulse for reformatory treatment, the expectation may have been fostered among criminals that they will find that the salutary discomforts of prison have been reformed away. 1991 M. Valverde Age Light, Soap, & Water i. 26 The turn of the century witnessed a marked decline of eye-for-eye discourses on crime and their replacement by therapeutic and reformatory strategies. B. n. An institution for the discipline and reform of criminal offenders; (now chiefly North American) one to which young offenders are sent as an alternative to prison; cf. reform school n. at reform n.² and adj. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > education > place of education > school > [noun] > reform school house of reformation1581 reformatory1758 reform school1839 truant-school1872 training school1905 approved school1932 juvie1967 society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] > reformatory prison > for young offenders house of reformation1581 reformatory1758 reform school1839 Borstal1907 community home1915 boot camp1978 1758 J. Fielding (title) A plan for a preservatory and reformatory, for the benefit of deserted girls, and penitent prostitutes. 1834 J. S. Mill in Monthly Repos. 8 735 If all who, in any manner violated the laws, were removed into such a place of reformation, the inhabitants of the reformatory would speedily outnumber the remainder of the community. 1878 Harper's Mag. Dec. 109/1 Our reformatories..do not check the first steps in wrong-doing. 1934 Sun (Baltimore) 9 Oct. 7/3 Colletta..had better be good or she will be sent to a reformatory, her mother..warned today as the Pittsburgh (Pa.) playgirl arrived in Manila. 1959 F. O'Connor Let. 5 July in Habit of Being (1980) 339 The reformatory is about a mile away and the lads escape about this time of year. 1977 Washington Post 25 Feb. a2/1 About 200 inmates at the Ohio State Reformatory hurled trays and food and fought guards during a disturbance today in the institution dining room. 2004 Spin June 97/2 He knew Vorce was looking at several years in Long Creek Youth Detention Centre, a Maine state reformatory. Phrases Chiefly North American. in reformatory: in a reformatory, esp. as a custodial sentence. ΚΠ 1869 J. W. Edmonds Statutes at Large of State of N.Y. (ed. 2) V. 256 Ever learned a trade, ever married, ever in reformatory, [etc.]. 1895 J. Crankshaw Pract. Guide Police Magistrates xii. 308 (heading) No imprisonment in reformatory in Ontario. 1917 H. E. Barnes Rep. Prison Inq. Commiss. (State of N.J.) II. 298 (in table) Arrested five times or more... In Reformatory less than 15 mos... Went home when paroled [etc.]. 1970 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 26 Sept. 2/2 [He] was sentenced to two years less a day definite and 18 months indeterminate in reformatory after admitting that he stole about $50,000 from Sunnybrook Hospital. 1997 N. Rose in R. Porter Rewriting Self 225 The psychiatrist assessing the defendant before charge, verdict or sentence or running ‘therapeutic groups’ in prison or reformatory; the doctor evaluating a disturbed individual with a view to compelling them to receive psychiatric treatment. 2005 R. Nidel World Music: Basics ii. 100 He picked up boxing at age 13 and after spending a year in reformatory, worked in the steel mills with his father. Compounds reformatory school n. an institution to which young offenders are sent as an alternative to prison, typically focusing on education and training rather than punishment. ΚΠ 1824 Monthly Rev. Aug. 423 Having converted the..dungeons of the poor..into reformatory schools and penitentiaries. 1912 Times 2 Mar. 7/3 He would be detained in a reformatory school for three years. 2000 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Electronic ed.) 30 Jan. I didn't want him to feel like I was sending him to a reformatory school. reformatory ship n. now historical a ship used as a reformatory school, specifically for training young offenders to be seamen; cf. prison ship n. at prison n. Compounds 1c. ΚΠ 1856 Liverpool Mercury 30 Jan. 4/5 Their time and attention having been so much required in establishing the reformatory ship, they [sc. the committee of the friends and supporters of the Liverpool Reformatory Institution] have been unable to make any progress with the other two branches contemplated in their prospectus. 1858 S. P. Day Juvenile Crime xi. 429 Upon application to the Admiralty, the ‘Akbar’ was generously granted for the purpose of a Reformatory ship. 1933 J. Masefield Conway ii. 61 H.M.S. reformatory-ship Clarence was fired and burned by the boys on board her. 2003 M. Kohli Golden Bridge vii. 244 In 1863, Nugent helped to obtain a vessel, the Clarence, for use as a reformatory ship. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1589
随便看	hold or keep stale hold or keep waking hold or stop one's jaw hold out hold out ,forth in farm hold out ,forth to farm hold out of languor hold out on hold out rubbers hold out water hold over hold pace hold party hold place hold plea hold plead hold pleas hold price of hold price upon hold quarter with hold residence hold responsible hold scale with hold school hold schools