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单词 reed
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reedn.1

Brit. /riːd/, U.S. /rid/
Forms: Old English hread (Anglian), Old English hriod (rare), Old English (rare) 1500s–1700s read, Old English–early Middle English hreod, Old English–Middle English reod, early Middle English ræod, early Middle English rode, Middle English reade, Middle English reeod, Middle English rehed (chiefly Buckinghamshire), Middle English reheed (Buckinghamshire), Middle English reid, Middle English reode, Middle English ried, Middle English roed, Middle English rued, Middle English ryed, Middle English yrede (perhaps transmission error), Middle English–1500s rede, Middle English–1500s riede, Middle English–1600s red, Middle English–1600s reede, Middle English– reed, late Middle English redde, late Middle English redelys (plural, transmission error), late Middle English reeid, late Middle English rood, late Middle English rud, late Middle English–1500s ride, 1500s reeyd; English regional 1600s rude (Devon), 1900s– rad (west midlands), 1900s– reid (Isle of Wight); Scottish pre-1700 read, pre-1700 reade, pre-1700 red, pre-1700 reid, pre-1700 reiddis (plural), pre-1700 reyd, pre-1700 rud, pre-1700 1700s– reed, 1800s rede.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Middle Dutch ried , riet (Dutch riet ), Old Saxon hriad , hriod (Middle Low German rēt , rīt , riet , German regional (Low German) reet , reit ; > German Reet reed used as thatching material), Old High German hriot , riod , riot (Middle High German riet , German Ried , (now only in sense 11a) Riet), further etymology uncertain. Compare Old Frisian reid ( < Middle Low German; West Frisian reid).Several Middle English (and later) forms (e.g. roed , rued , rude ) show the regular west midland and south-western development of Old English ēo into a mid front rounded vowel. The Middle English form rood , if it is not simply a scribal error, perhaps reflects shift of stress from a falling to a rising diphthong and subsequent monophthongization to long close ō . In sense 7a in early use frequently translating classical Latin calamus calamus n. in its transferred sense ‘reed pen’. In sense 7c after classical Latin calamus, ancient Greek κάλαμος (see calamus n.), also classical Latin arundō, harundō (see arundinaceous adj.), all ultimately after Hebrew qāneh reed used as a measuring rod, Hebrew unit of length equal to six cubits (Ezekiel 40:5, 41:8), specific use of qāneh reed, stalk. Attested early in place names (probably in sense 3a), as Hreutford, Hampshire (8th cent. in a manuscript of Bede's Eccl. Hist. (a731), glossed vadum harundinis; now Redbridge on the River Test, still a site of conspicuous reed beds), Redburna, Wiltshire (first half of the 12th cent. in a copy of a charter of 701; now Rodbourne Farm), etc.
I. With reference to plants.
1.
a. Any of the grasses constituting the genera Phragmites and Arundo, which grow in water or marshy ground, often in large stands, and are characterized by tall stiff stems, large leaves, and plume-like inflorescences; esp. (more fully common reed) the cosmopolitan species Phragmites australis, and (more fully giant reed, great reed, etc.) the taller Arundo donax, native to the Mediterranean region but widely naturalized elsewhere.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > reedy or aquatic grasses > [noun] > reed or the reed plant
reedeOE
spirea1425
pole-reed1578
pool reed1587
reed-grass1597
marsh-reed1797
flag-reed1833
Phragmites1840
toi-toi1843
fox's foot1853
spire reed1863
trumpet reed1866
bango1899
kamish1902
Norfolk reed1952
eOE Corpus Gloss. (1890) 62/1 Harundo, canna, hreod.
OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Luke vii. 24 Quid existis in desertum uidere harundinem uento moueri?: ymb huæd uel forhuon foerdon gie on woestern gesea hread uel gerd from wind gecerred?
a1200 ( Laud Plant Gloss. 31 Canna .i. calamus. uel reod.
a1300 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 556/42 (MED) Arundo, i. rosel, i. reod.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1969) Isa. xix. 6 Þe reed [L. Calamus] & þe resshe shal welewyn.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 214 A Reeod hatte arundo and is mene bitwene a tree and an herbe..and is smoþe wiþoute and holough wiþinne.
Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 426 Reed, of the fenne, Arundo, canna.
a1500 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 711/32 Arundo, a red.
1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. B.iij Arundo is called..in englishe a reed,..it groweth in water sydes, & in fennes, & such other watery places.
1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) i. xxx. 37 The Cypresse Reed is a great Reed hauing stalkes exceeding long, sometimes twenty or thirty foot high,..set with very great leaues like those of Turkey wheat.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 57/2 The Reed is between an Herb and a Tree.
1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xiii. 148 The woollyness of the flowers in the Reed, will shew you this genus, as soon as it unfolds its panicle.
1793 J. E. Smith Sketch Tour on Continent I. 215 Here the great reed, Arundo Donax, grows abundantly, and looks magnificent, reminding one of the bamboos on Indian and Chinese papers.
1804 J. Barrow Trav. China x. 493 Their chief support in the summer is derived from the strong grasses that grow in the ditches and the common reed, with which..large tracts of swampy ground are covered.
1912 E. D. Sanderson Insect Pests 177 When the rush becomes too hard for the beetles they often attack a common reed.
1917 Jrnl. Heredity 8 471/1 It is sometimes called the giant reed, and is often erroneously mistaken for the bamboo.
1981 H. Mitchell Essent. Earthman (1983) xviii. 183 The great reed or ditch grass, Arundo donax, looks much like field corn, except it is more graceful and reaches twelve feet in height.
2000 A. M. T. Moore et al. Village on Euphrates iii. 71 These [swamps] can reasonably be expected to support extensive stands of..the common reed.
b. In plural.
ΚΠ
c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 77v (MED) Or ellis for þe rotis of Canne, þou miȝte take þe rote of reedis, þat is seid to drawen out boonys or yren or oþir siche wiþouten ony greuaunce.
1508 W. Dunbar Goldyn Targe (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems (1998) I. 185 Amang the grene rispis and the redis Arrivit sche.
1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 1057 Brutus went out of the campe gates vnseene of any man, and lept into a marishe full of water and reedes.
1608 N. Breton Divine Considerations sig. E4 In mercy hee saued Moyses floating in the reedes.
1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd ii. 26 By a Creek: Where winds with Reeds, and Osiers whisp'ring play. View more context for this quotation
1720 J. Gay Rural Sports i, in Poems I. 16 The bord'ring reeds O'erlook the muddy stream.
1788 A. L. Barbauld Lessons for Children 3 to 4 Years Old 92 I am the most graceful of all birds. I build my nest in a little island amongst the reeds and rushes.
1832 Preston Chron. & Lancs. Advertiser 1 Dec. 4/5 They [sc. Dutch gun boats] can lie concealed, like aligators [sic], in amongst the reeds on the muddy banks of the river.
1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake II. i. 7 The pale green reeds; where the coot clanked.
1940 N. Tranter Harsh Heritage iii. 199 Doggedly I walked now, and I mind the reeds were rustling and rustling at my side.
1999 E. Brock And Another Thing 24 The tiny river Tas drags its heels past our windows, barely able to push aside the willowherb and reeds.
2.
a. A long, slender, straight stem or stalk of a reed plant, used in constructing a shelter, as a tool or weapon, etc.; esp. a stem of the common reed or giant reed (see sense 1a).
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > instrument or place of corporal punishment > [noun] > cane
reedOE
cane1590
schoolrod1633
rattan1657
rattan cane1681
rattan stick1812
swish-whip1845
swish1860
swish-cane1891
starter1905
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > reedy or aquatic grasses > [noun] > reed or the reed plant > reed or stalk
reedOE
calamusa1398
cane1398
roselc1450
whistle-stalka1657
spear1844
OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xiv. 144 Cempan..for cynegyrde him hreod forgeafon.
c1200 ( West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Hatton) xxvii. 30 [Hi] namen reod [OE Corpus Cambr. hreod] ænd beoton hys heafod.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 81 (MED) Of a gobet bytwene tweie knottes of a rede in Ynde me makeþ a boot.
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) 6423 (MED) Hij..han..Bot a litel hole in her chyn..Whan hij shullen notye ouȝt selcouþ, A rede hij putten in her mouþ, And hij souken by þe rede—Jch wene it be mylk.
c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 3832 (MED) Þan comes þaim to a castell..made all of redis.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope iv. xx A reed whiche was at his foote bowed hym self as moche as the wynd wold.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. vii. sig. Ii A little cottage, built of stickes and reedes In homely wize.
1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion xviii. 284 Her moystfull temples bound, with wreaths of quiuering reeds.
1749 T. Nugent Grand Tour III. 287 The common habitations..are mostly huts made of reeds.
1797 Encycl. Brit. VII. 255 The reeds [for a fire-ship] are made up in small bundles of about a foot in circumference.
1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art I. 215 Reeds are used instead of laths in some parts of the country.
1870 De B. R. Keim Sheridan's Troopers xxviii. 205 On these occasions at night, the party construct shelters made of reeds.
1886 W. E. Channing John Brown 42 Must I, then, leave thee, such a girl as I,—Slight as some bending reed by the brook's side?
1931 P. S. Buck Good Earth iii. 37 The day before he had sold a load and a half of reeds from the pond in the western field.
1988 Antiquity 62 661/2 To make arrows from saplings, branches or reeds it is often necessary to heat and straighten them by bending.
2007 Ecotoxicol. & Environmental Safety 66 83/2 The reeds are used for making traditional blinds.
b. figurative and in figurative contexts, chiefly as the type of something fragile or unreliable, or something flexible.Frequently in broken reed, bruised reed (originally with allusion to 2 Kings 18:21, Isaiah 36:6, Isaiah 42:3).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > support or encouragement > [noun] > instability or lack of support > a weak support
reedOE
twist1580
OE Rule St. Benet (Corpus Cambr.) 121 Ne forbryte he na þæt tocnysede hreod [a1225 Winteney tocwysede hreod].
a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 30 (MED) Þat wole wihtstonden streynþe of þeo, is rest is reued wiþ þe reode.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xii. 20 He shal nat breke to gidre a schaken reed.
a1400 (c1300) Northern Homily: Serm. on Gospels (Coll. Phys.) in Middle Eng. Dict. at Red Slic wordes..Sais crist..Of sain Ion, that stithe stode Igain fanding of werdes flode, For he no was noht lic..Til thaim that heldes als the rede.
a1450 Rule St. Benet (Vesp.) 2279 Hir maistri euer sal mesurd be, Thinkand on hir awn frelte, Lik to a rede in a forest, Þat bows with wind & wil not brest.
a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 47 (MED) Truste not ner leene not upon a windy rede.
1547 J. Bale Lattre Examinacyon A. Askewe 39 Ye now shewe what ye are in dede, euen wauerynge reedes with euerye blast moued.
1562 A. Bernher in H. Latimer 27 Serm. Ep. Ded. sig. Aivv He was contented rather to be cast into the Tower..then to be found a wauering reede.
a1600 T. Deloney Garland Good Will (1628) iii. sig. Bj But senselesse man, what de I meane, Upon a broken reede to leane.
1617 J. Chamberlain Let. 20 Dec. (1939) II. 123 Yf you trusted to him you trusted to a rotten reede who wold have failed you in the end.
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iii. sig. Cc3 Though I liue obscure, yet I liue cleane and honest, and when as the lofty oake is blowne downe, the silly reed may stand.
1657 T. Aylesbury Treat. Confession of Sinne vii. 152 Penitents are taught more to rely upon that reed and arm of flesh.
1690 I. Newton Let. 14 Nov. in Corr. (1961) III. 83 It is rather a danger to religion then an advantage to make it now lean upon a bruised reed.
1705 R. Blackmore Eliza iii. 73 Go, Britain's Viceroy, let Eliza know, She trusts a broken Reed in Philip's Vow.
1757 T. Smollett Reprisal i. i. 7 You lean upon a broken reed if you trust to their compassion.
1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake v. 206 I only meant To show the reed on which you leant.
1821 Ld. Byron Sardanapalus v. i. 145 The last frail reed of our beleaguer'd hopes.
1893 Baily's Mag. Oct. 271/1 The reeds on which they depended were Ravensbury and Self Sacrifice.
1926 R. H. Tawney Relig. & Rise Capitalism ii. 108 Human efforts, social institutions, the world of culture, are at best irrelevant to salvation, and at worst mischievous. They distract man from the true aim of his existence and encourage reliance upon broken reeds.
1973 Times Lit. Suppl. 23 Mar. 311/3 The history of the opposition shows what bruised reeds the generals were.
1992 Economist 24 Oct. 114/3 The Bank..relied for far too long on fellow supervisors in Luxembourg, surely the weakest of regulatory reeds.
3.
a. Reed plants collectively; a mass or bed of reeds. †in reed: as or like a reed (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > reedy or aquatic grasses > [noun] > reed or the reed plant > collective or bed of reeds
reedeOE
spirea1250
reed bed1483
reedbeere1585
stover1621
reedlings1830
spire-bed1863
eOE Erfurt Gloss. (1974) 16 Carectum, hreod.
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iii. xvii. 230 In þæm cleofum..wære upyrnende grownes hreodes & rixa.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 10064 Hundes in þan reode mid reouðe hine imeteð.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 10849 Þat is a seolcuð mere..mid fenne & mid ræode [c1300 Otho reode].
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Psalms lxvii. 31 Blame the wilde bestis of the reed [a1425 L.V. reheed].
1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) xxix. 63 A fewe of them that withdrewe them in to the mareys and hydde them in the reed.
1560 Bible (Geneva) Job xl. 21 [16] Lyeth he vnder the shady trees in the couert of the rede and fennes?
1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 473 The good man brought him into the marishe, vnto a low place by the riuers side, where he made him lye downe, and then couered him with a great deale of reede and bent.
1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iv. xvi. 257 It is a graine, as he saies, that growes in reede, and covers it selfe with a leafe.
1686 N. Tate et al. tr. Heliodorus Æthiopian Hist. 9 The great quantity of reed and cane that grows about the borders stands before them as their bulwark.
1735 W. Somervile Chace iv. 120 Gloomy Retreat Of the bright scaly Kind; where they at Will, On the green wat'ry Reed their Pasture graze.
1779 G. Boswell Treat. on watering Meadows xii. 92 If a main has a quantity of sedge, reed, rushes, &c. grown in it, they are first mown off.
1850 Missionary Mag. June 183/1 I greatly enjoyed following the windings of the river in one of their primitive craft, and visiting their little villages among the reed.
1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake II. xii. 203 The morass to right and left, which had been a minute before deep reed.
1958 L. Durrell Mountolive xvi. 300 Among the thickets of reed and sedge..you could hear the chuckling..of..duck.
2001 New Statesman 7 May 38/1 I first met..Lyne among the reed and rushes of the sea lough at Ferrycarrig, County Wexford.
b. The cut stems of the reed plant collectively, used for any of various purposes, esp. thatching (cf. Norfolk reed n. at Norfolk n. 12).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > other organic fuels > [noun]
reedOE
tanners' turf1688
agaric1812
German fungus1815
colza-oil1830
tan-turf1851
tan-ball1882
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > plants, grasses, or reeds > [noun] > reed > for plastering upon
reedOE
spear1794
spear reed1812
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > plants, grasses, or reeds > [noun] > for thatching > reed
reeda1398
spear1794
spear reed1812
Norfolk reed1952
OE tr. Wonders of East (Tiber.) § 15. 232 Wæs seo burh mid þy hreode & treowcynne þe on þære ea ofre weox..asett & geworht.
a1395 in Archaeologia (1832) 24 313 [Paid for] ml ml garb' de reede [bought for covering the said timber].
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 219 In þe north londe men thakken here houses wiþ reed wel and hongeþ often þe reed in here dennes to make hem hyly delicious.
1432–3 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 226 (MED) Also payd for þe settyng vp of þe Reed of our halle wyndous, Summa xx d.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. xliiii They fyryd the gates, and after forced the fyre with rede and drye wood.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 277 He..set the houses like streetes, and couered them with Reede and Broome.
1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 28v One standeth watching..while another maketh a light with a waze of reed.
1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 116 Their houses..are..covered with straw or reed.
1669 E. Byland in St. Papers, Dom. 151 I have fetched a boat-load of reed from Ham Creek.
1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 260 They Thatch with Reed instead of Straw... Reed is sold by the Thousand, viz. A Thousand handfuls.
1775 N. Kent Hints to Gentlemen 160 The timber used in roofing will last thirty years longer, when covered with reed.
1810 E. D. Clarke Trav. Var. Countries: Pt. 1st xxiv. 632 For fuel they burn weeds gathered in the steppes, as well as bundles of reed and cow-dung.
1869 Examiner 6 Mar. 149/3 A Rayah village consists of a number of cottages, mud-built and thatched with reed.
1929 Times 4 Oct. 17/5 There were three huts thatched with reed.
1963 Jrnl. Soc. Archit. Historians 22 23/2 The roof was covered with reed or thatch.
1995 J. Fearn Thatch & Thatching 27 Norfolk reed is ideal for its purpose, being long, tough and straight, allowing no gaps in the imperceptibly mingled blocks of reed.
4. Without article. The reed plant or its stem considered as a material.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > plants, grasses, or reeds > [noun] > reed
reeda1250
reed spearc1430
a1250 Lofsong Lefdi (Nero) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 207 (MED) Ich bide þe..bi þe þornene crununge, bi ðe kineȝerde of rode him of scornunge.
c1350 Nominale (Cambr. Ee.4.20) in Trans. Philol. Soc. (1906) 12* M[an]. may a webbe warpe..On a stake of pere-tre..Wouyn thorue slay, Fait daronde et de leme, Made of yrede [read rede] and of birche.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16622 (MED) In his hand he sett a mikel staf o rede.
?a1425 (?c1350) Northern Passion (Rawl.) 1613 Þai gederd thornes kene And made a corowne... With staues of rede þei sett it doune.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Kings xviii. 21 Beholde puttest thou thy trust in this broken staffe of reed, in Egipte?
1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 347/2 Fistula,..a pipe: a flute, whether it be of reede or other stuffe.
1610 A. Willet Hexapla in Danielem ii. 96 It was a winde instrument, made of reed.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 519 Part incentive reed Provide, pernicious with one touch to fire. View more context for this quotation
1727 J. G. Scheuchzer tr. E. Kæmpfer Hist. Japan II. v. xi. 518 They take it up with a sort of a comb made of reed.
1799 Monthly Rev. 28 App. 517 To dwell in a hut of reed among friendly villagers.
1836 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece III. xx. 146 Layers of stiff clay, pressed down close on wattles of reed.
1866 D. Livingstone 13 Dec. in Last Jrnls. (1874) I. vi. 158 A flake of reed is often used in surgical operations by the natives.
1890 O. Wilde Picture of Dorian Gray xi. 146 Slim turbaned Indians blew through long pipes of reed or brass.
1938 Times 30 Mar. 12/1 The dances..consisted for the most part of whirling a ball made of reed and at the same time swaying the body so as to swing their bead skirts.
1977 Bull. Amer. Schools Oriental Res. No. 225. 38/2 The saddle-cloth, interestingly, seems to be woven from reed.
1992 L. J. Pons in Conservation Status Danube Delta iii. 37 A group in Tulcea suggested the manufacture of hardboard from reed.
5. Any of various plants, typically grasses or other plants with tall, unbranched stems, thought to resemble the common reed or the giant reed. Now usually with distinguishing word. Cf. reed-grass n., reedmace n.bur-, canary, Indian, paper, sea reed, etc.: see the first element.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > plants yielding sugar or syrup > [noun] > sugar-cane
reeda1398
canamell?a1425
sugar cane1568
sugar1593
sugar-reed1718
plant cane1721
sorgho1760
cane1781
ribbon cane1803
riband cane1811
imphee1857
sweet sorghum1859
sweet sorgho1861
sugar-grass1862
plant1866
broom corn1886
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 258 Sugure..comeþ of certeyn canes and reedes þat groweþ..faste by þe ryuer nilus.
c1475 Court of Sapience (Trin. Cambr.) (1927) 1344 (MED) The piertre, the olyue..Wex gret..The amomum, the rede aromatyke.
1597 J. Gerard Herball i. 6 Wilde Reede.., called also Calamogrostis, is far lesser than Couch grasse, or Dogs grasse.
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iii. 94 The precious Reed Whence Sugar sirrops in abundance bleed.
1666 J. Davies tr. C. de Rochefort Hist. Caribby-Islands 51 There grow in all these Islands..great Reeds, spongy within,..They are commonly called Banana-trees.
1743 R. James Medicinal Dict. I Calamus odoratus, Aromatic Reed.
1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) ii. 123 Calamagrostis Epigejos... Wood Reed... Moist woods and hedges.
1834 E. Markham N.Z. Recoll. (1963) 37 Rappoo is a Flag or Marsh Reed, used in England by Coopers to put between Staves of Casks.
1861 S. Thomson Wanderings among Wild Flowers (rev. ed.) iii. 213 The sea-reed, or Ammophila arundinacea, deserves our attention.
1914 A. S. Hitchcock Text-bk. Grasses v. 39 Indian reed (Sorghastrum nutans).
1969 J. T. Story Dishonourable Member (1978) xiii. 154 A hay-field with beds of black-headed reeds in the foreground pond.
2005 C. Tudge Secret Life Trees vii. 153 The Cyperaceae, too, the reeds and sedges, include the paper reed or papyrus (Cyperus papyrus) which..is distinctly tree-like.
6.
a. Unthreshed wheat straw with the ears removed, used esp. for thatching. Cf. wheat-reed n. at wheat n. Compounds 1b. Now rare (chiefly English regional (south-western) in later use).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > plants, grasses, or reeds > [noun] > for thatching > wheat-straw
haulmc825
reed1415
wheat-straw?1523
reed straw1628
wheat-reed1811
1415–16 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 612 Item, in tectura straminea vocat. rede empt.
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xvi The whete strawe that they purpose to make thacke of, they..cut of the eyres and bynde it in sheues & call it rede.
1635–6 in M. Cash Devon Inventories 16th & 17th Cent. (1966) 51 Beafe and beacon. Butter and cheese. Hay and rude. Wood.
1668 J. Worlidge Dict. Rusticum in Systema Agric. (1669) 275 Reed, is..Straw bound up for thatching, by some called Helm.
1797 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 36/2 Reed, a term used in the west of England for the straw used by thatchers, which is wheat straw finely combed.
1848 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 9 ii. 465 A large proportion of the wheat-straw is made into reed for thatching.
1880 M. A. Courtney W. Cornwall Words in M. A. Courtney & T. Q. Couch Gloss. Words Cornwall 46/2 Reed, unbruised straw used for bedding horses.
1974 J. Stevens Cox Ilchester Word List 44/1 Reed, whole straw unbroken by threshing and used for thatching.
1997 A. G. B. Wallace in Roofing 75 Nitch, the standard unit of combed wheat reed..The minimum permissible reed length is 27 in.
b. A stalk or stem of a wheat or other cereal plant; a straw.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > cereal, corn, or grain > [noun] > cereal plants or corn > stalk, stem, or part of stem
strawc1200
rissomc1450
shot-blade1629
reeda1722
bunt1775
a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 452 [Much] was broken off near the root, the reed being grown stiff.
1743 tr. N. Andry Orthopædia II. 4 Those Bubbles of Soap which Children make with a Reed of Straw.
1834 A. Duncan Ess. Arrangem. Proofs Being of God i. iii, in New Family Libr. I. 66 The reeds of corn, and other tall-growing herbaceous plants..are hollow.
1871 Richmond & Louisville Med. Jrnl. May 594 A matting made from the long reeds of rye-grass.
1916 A. Hort tr. Theophrastus Enq. into Plants II. viii. 165 The ‘reed’ of wheat is taller than that of barley.
2003 B. R. Johnson Woman who found Grace 214 That reed of straw I'd imagined stuck in the corner of her mouth seemed for all the world to actually be there.
II. With reference to objects or artefacts made (or made originally) from a reed or a piece of reed.
7.
a. A piece of reed used as a pen; a reed pen. Now historical.
ΚΠ
eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) xliv. 2 Lingua mea calamus scribę uelociter, scribentis: tunge min hreod writ [OE Lambeth Psalter hreod boceras] hreðlice writendes.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 219 Such reed is good to wryte wiþ.
a1425 Medulla Gram. (Stonyhurst) f. 11 Calamus, a rud or a pen.
1790 J. Bruce Trav. Source Nile V. App. 9 The letters are strong, deep, black, and apparently written with a reed, as is practised by the Egyptians and Abyssinians still.
1886 Athenæum 31 July 138/2 A description [is added] of the pen or reed itself, the penknife and the nibber, the ruler, the ink, and the inkstand.
1901 R. Kipling Kim vi. 143 ‘Wonder on wonder!’ murmured the letter-writer, dipping a reed in the inkstand.
1916 J. Joyce Portrait of Artist v. 264 Thoth, the god of writers, writing with a reed upon a tablet.
2003 M. Noble & J. Mehigan Calligrapher's Compan. 7/1 Formal writing on papyrus scrolls for manuscripts, documents, signs, and notices were in the form of Rustics written with a brush or reed.
b. A reed used as an arrow or dart; (hence poetic) an arrow. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > arrow > [noun] > other types of arrow
reedOE
broad arrow1372
peacock arrowc1387
bob-tail1545
forehand1545
livery arrow?a1549
standard1557
dog bolt1593
warning-arrow1628
OE Ælfric Homily (Trin. Cambr. B.15.34) in J. C. Pope Homilies of Ælfric (1967) I. 344 Heora weorc wæron, and þa wunda gelice, þe hy on ðam Hælende hetelice afæstnodon, þæra cildra sceotungum þe sceotiað mid reodum on heore geonglicum plegan on heora plegstowe.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 77 (MED) Þe childe losed and schette, and hitte þe charbuncle stoon wiþ a reed [v.r. rued].
c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xxi. 50 ‘Aue, rabbi,’ quaþ þat ribaud; reodes [c1400 B text v.rr. rides, redelys] shotte at hus eyen.
1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Dvij A rede is to them in the stede of sworde, rapyre, & iauelyne.
1581 J. Studley tr. Seneca Hippolytus ii, in T. Newton et al. tr. Seneca 10 Trag. f. 67 They shall not hurle a slender Reede, but after Parthian guyse To shoote an arrow if they list into the open Skies.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 275 Being mingled with Snailes, or any other shelfish, which feede vpon greene herbes or leaues, it draweth forth Thornes, Dartes, Arrowes, or Reedes out of the belly.
1709 M. Prior To a Lady in Poems Several Occasions 53 With cruel Skill the backward Reed He sent, and, as he fled, he slew.
1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. iv. 146 Whizz'd the bowstring, and the reed Leap'd off.
1813 W. Scott Bridal of Triermain ii. x. 68 The frantic steed rushed up the dell, As whistles from the bow the reed.
1850 J. S. Blackie Persians 245 All in vain against Hellas divine Were the twanging bow and whizzing reed.
1958 L. Pospisil Kapauku Papuans & their Law 42 In this game two targets..are set about forty meters apart. The gang separates and the boys shoot reeds back and forth counting the hits.
c. A reed used as a measure; (hence) a unit of length based on this.Chiefly in references to or translations of Ezekiel 40–8 (in which the reed is said to be six cubits in length) and Revelation 21:15-17.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > ancient Jewish units
reedc1350
Sabbath day's journey1526
the world > relative properties > measurement > measuring instrument > [noun] > for measuring length > measuring rod or stick
yardc1000
meteyardOE
reedc1350
ell-yardc1400
yard-wand14..
scantillona1425
gad1440
metewand1440
meterod1473
rod1473
ell1474
gad-wand1487
ell-wand?a1500
measuring rod1546
scantling1556
metepole1571
meting pole1606
wand1614
yardstick1797
yard-measure1838
gad-stick1866
meting-rod1881
c1350 Apocalypse St. John: A Version (Harl. 874) (1961) 79 He ȝaf me a red [v.r. reid; Fr. rosel], þat semed as it were a ȝerd, & seide to me, ‘diȝtte þee & mete þe temple’.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Royal) (1850) Apoc. xxi. 15 He..hadde a golden mesure of a reed [L. mensuram arundineam].
a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Ezek. xlii. 16 He mat..fyue hundrid rehedis [L. calamos].
c1480 (a1400) St. Thomas Apostle 201 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 134 Thomas..tuk a lange red in his hand, as man of craft þat vare cunnand.
?1591 H. Barrow Brief Discouerie False Church 7 Let vs, for the apeasing and assurance of our consciences, giue heed to the word of God, and by that golden reed measure our temple, our altar, & our worshippers.
1611 Bible (King James) Ezek. xlii. 16 He measured the East side with the measuring reede, fiue hundreth reedes . View more context for this quotation
1741 J. Wood Origin of Building v. xi. 223 When the Integer with the Egyptians was the Cubit, they made their Reed ten of those Cubits in Length.
1858 H. W. Longfellow Courtship Miles Standish iv. 9 Over its turrets uplifted Glimmered the golden reed of the angel who measured the city.
1863 W. L. Bevan in W. Smith Dict. Bible III. 1736/2 With the exception of the notice that the reed equals six cubits (Ezek. xl. 5), we have no intimation that the measures were combined in anything like a scale.
1953 Math. Gaz. 37 103 The rod is derived from the Pharaonic qanu of 112/ 3 Egyptian feet. Whence came also the measureing reed, described by Ezekiel, of 6 great-cubits. The great-cubit, a cubit and an hand-breadth, was 7/ 6 of a cubit, which cubit measured 5/ 3 of a foot; the reed, therefore, was 112/ 3 Israelitic feet.
1999 G. K. Beale Bk. Revelation 1073 In Ezek. 40:5 an angelic figure measures with a reed the wall of the temple.
†d. In plural. Papyrus. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > papyrus > [noun]
reeds1551
papyr1601
biblus1656
papyrus1724
1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Nii Where as before they wrote onelye in skynnes, in barkes of tryes, & in rides, now they haue attempted to make paper & to imprint letters.
8.
a. A simple musical pipe made from a reed; (also) one made from the hollow stem of another plant. Frequently in oaten reed (see oaten adj. 2).Recorded earliest in reed piper n. at Compounds 2.
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society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > pipe > [noun] > made of straw
reeda1387
fistulaa1398
oat reeda1522
quill1567
reed pipe1567
oat-pipe1586
oat1587
straw1598
whistle-stalka1657
oaten1825
OE Antwerp Gloss. (1955) 249 Citharistria, hærpestre. Auledus, readpipere. Salpista aule, bymere.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 11 Also who wolde schoute to skorne, Ȝif I pipe wiþ an otene reed [L. avena].
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. 1031 He the ferste..Was which the melodie fond Of Riedes..With double pipes forto pipe.
c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 1221 That craftely begunne to pipe Bothe in doucet and in riede.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 261/1 Rede to playe or pype with, anche.
c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 52 Mercurius that playit on ane sey reid.
1637 J. Milton Comus 12 Might we but heare The..Sound of pastoral reed with oaten stops.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals v, in tr. Virgil Wks. 20 Since my Voice can match your tuneful Reed.
1765 C. Dibdin Shepherd's Artifice I. ix. 18 Swains no more repeat their pleasure In the bow'r, on tuneful reed.
1790 D. Morison Poems 47 He tunes his win'some reed, The wee things loup and prance.
1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel iv. i. 94 As if thy waves..Had only heard the shepherd's reed, Nor started at the bugle-horn.
1878 B. Taylor Prince Deukalion i. i. 18 To the musical reeds and the glasses.., farewell.
1933 Art Bull. 15 306 The one-eyed giant pipes a shepherd's reed to charm Galatea.
1992 Women's Art Mag. (BNC) July–Aug. 18 One plays upon a pipe or reed like Pan, another drinks from a crystal bowl.
b. Chiefly poetic. Such an instrument used as a symbol of rustic or pastoral poetry. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > pastoral poem > [noun] > collectively
bucolics1531
reed1566
rurals1589
pastoral1598
1566 T. Drant tr. Horace Medicinable Morall sig. aiiiiv If that the Poet be not learnde in deede, Muche maye he chatte, but fewe wyll marke his reede.
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 1 I that in old season wyth reeds oten harmonye whistled My rural sonnet.
1606 W. Herbert Englands Sorrowe sig. H4 Oh who will grace my irrenowned reede, And in my breast heroicke thought infuse?
1655 W. Hammond Poems 44 Whilst Thyrsis his sad reed inspires; With nought but sighs and hopelesse fires; Yet glad to spy from his dark Cell The dawn of Joy from others night expell.
1721 A. Ramsay Petit. Whin-bush Club ii Etling wi' spite to rive my reed, And give my muse a fa'.
1786 R. Burns Poems 68 Come, join the melancholious croon O' Robin's reed!
1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel I. 105 Sweetest of subjects are ye for my reed.
1867 J. G. Whittier Tent on Beach 86 Making his rustic reed of song A weapon in the war with wrong.
1999 J. F. S. Post Eng. Lyric Poetry 68 The poet urged to exchange the oaten reed for the trumpet.
9. Music. A piece of reed or another material forming part of a musical instrument, which produces a sound when caused to vibrate by air from a player's lungs, bellows, etc.Reeds are divided into beating reeds, which produce sound by vibrating against another surface, and free reeds which vibrate freely in a current of air.
a. (a) A tapered piece of thin cane fastened to the mouthpiece of various wind instruments, as the clarinet or saxophone, the thinner end of which vibrates against the aperture of the mouthpiece to produce a sound when the instrument is blown; (also) a similar device in the drone of a bagpipe; cf. single reed n. at single adj. Compounds 2a; (b) part of the mouthpiece of an oboe, bassoon, or similar instrument, typically consisting of a pair of reeds bound together with their concave surfaces facing, which vibrate against one another to produce sound when the instrument is blown; (also) a similar device in the chanter of a bagpipe or inside the mouthpiece of some other wind instruments; cf. double reed at double adj.1 4b.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > woodwind instruments > [noun] > reed instrument > single reed
reed1530
wind-lap1570
single reed1883
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > pipe > [noun] > bagpipe > chanter > chanter reed
reed1530
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > woodwind instruments > [noun] > reed instrument > double reed
double reed1654
reed1879
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > pipe > [noun] > bagpipe > drone > drone reed
reed1879
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 261/2 Rede of a weyght the instrument, anche.
c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 52 The nyxt hed ane pipe maid of ane bleddir and of ane reid.
1578 in J. M. Bestall & D. V. Fowkes Chesterfield Wills & Inventories 1521–1603 (1977) 150 One peare of pyppes wyth all other Implementes and all other thinges thereto belonging wyth a boxe of reedes.
1699 A. Boyer Royal Dict. at Anche The Reed of a Hoboy, or some other Wind-Instrument of Musick.
1716 Boston News-let. 16 Apr. 2/2 (advt.) A choice Collection of Musical Instruments, consisting of Flaguelets, Flutes, Haut-Boys, Bass-Viols, Violins, Bows, Strings, Reads for Haut-Boys, Books of Instructions for all these Instruments.
1738 E. Chambers Cycl. (ed. 2) at Bagpipe The third [pipe] has a reed, and is played on by compressing the bag under the arm.
1797 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 342/1 It [sc. the oboe] spreads and widens towards the bottom, and is sounded through a reed.
1823 Harmonicon Nov. 169/2 It is not, in general, advisable to play either on too strong or too weak a reed.
1879 W. H. Stone in G. Grove Dict. Music I. 123/2 The chaunter reed is..made of two approximated edges of cane tied together, and is thus essentially a double reed, like that of the oboe or bassoon.
1889 D. J. Blaikley in Proc. Mus. Assoc. 152 The reed of a Dobell's fog-horn..is as truly a reed in its action as the most delicate reed of the clarinet.
1908 G. Grove Dict. Music (ed. 2) IV. 42/2 The bassoon reed is placed directly upon the ‘crook’ of the instrument, but the oboe reed is built up upon a small tube or ‘staple’.
1968 J. Arnold Shell Bk. Country Crafts xxx. 313 The reed is fitted to the inner extremity—of both the chanter and the drones—and is thus concealed by the stock into which the pipes fit.
1988 R. Doyle Commitments (1991) 33 The saxophone reed became one of Madonna's nipples and Dean's playing began to get somewhere.
1992 Oxf. Compan. Musical Instruments 299/1 Schreierpfeife,..a Renaissance double-reeded instrument played with a wind-cap over the reed.
2004 Seattle Times (Nexis) 29 June b4 I never did completely master the art of playing the clarinet without the reed squeaking.
b. In the reed pipe of an organ: a small metal tube fixed at the lower end of each pipe, having an opening covered by a metal tongue which vibrates when air enters the tube (more commonly called a shallot). Also: the metal tongue itself (cf. tongue n. 14c); (occasionally) the tongue and shallot together.The use of the term reed to apply to the tongue rather than the shallot results from the fact that this performs the same function as the reed of a clarinet.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > pipe > other parts of pipes
tongue1551
mouth1727
lip1728
reed1728
wind-cuttera1834
labium1847
beak1852
beard1852
underlip1852
wedge1852
body tube1854
plate-of-wind1875
wind-way1875
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > pipe > reed
shallot1728
reed1855
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Organ A Reed-Pipe consists of a Foot..which carries the Wind into the Shalot, or Reed.., which is a hollow Demi-cylinder.
1746 W. Tans'ur New Musical Gram. 65 The Shallot or Reed.
1786 T. Busby Compl. Dict. Music Reed,..the name given by organ-builders to a kind of tongue, consisting of a thin narrow plate of brass [etc.].
1855 E. J. Hopkins Organ xviii. 93 The reed is a small cylindrical tube of brass... In the front of the reed, an opening is left, running lengthways, presenting an appearance as though a portion of the reed had been cut away, at which the wind enters.
1867 J. Tyndall Sound v. 193 The metal reed commonly employed in organ-pipes.
1879 W. H. Stone in G. Grove Dict. Music I. 123/2 The drone reeds..somewhat resemble the reed in organ pipes, the loose flap of cane replacing the tongue, the uncut part the tube or reed proper.
1930 W. H. Barnes Contemp. Amer. Organ iii. 58 If this tongue is properly adjusted and wind pressure directed against it, it will vibrate in or against an opening cut in a small brass tube called a reed or shallot.
1952 H. F. Olson Musical Engin. v. 143 The reed organ pipe consists of an air-actuated reed coupled to a conical pipe.
1992 Oxf. Compan. Musical Instruments 283/1 A brass tongue is fixed by a wedge over the opening of the tubular metal ‘shallot’... For such reeds used without pipes, see Regal.
c. Any wind instrument with a reed. Also (in plural): such instruments or their players considered collectively, esp. as a section of an orchestra or band. Cf. string n. 3c.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > woodwind instruments > [noun] > reed instrument
reed1838
1838 C. Fox Jrnl. 5 June (1972) 50 Professor Wheatstone..then played the Chinese reed, one of the earliest instruments constructed.
1877 G. B. Shaw How to become Musical Critic (1960) 26 The strings and reeds were a little better than usual.
1879 W. H. Stone in G. Grove Dict. Music I. 151/2 Some of the older forms..possess a contrivance which does not exist at the present day on any reed.
1939 J. Joyce Finnegans Wake iii. 408 Brass and reeds, brace and ready!
1959 ‘F. Newton’ Jazz Scene vi. 107 Three trumpets, three trombones, four reeds, piano.
1975 New Yorker 19 May 6/3 Joe Muranyi on reeds, and Bobby Pratt on trombone.
1992 CD Rev. (BNC) May 85 The exoticism of Isfahan..is all but drowned in the sweet smell of strings; compare to Ellington's original spicy reeds.
d. In an accordion, harmonium or similar instrument: each of several pieces of thin metal, attached at one end to a stationary plate, which produce a sound when caused to vibrate by air pressure or suction. Chiefly in plural. Cf. free reed n. at free adj., n., and adv. Compounds 2.
ΚΠ
1843 Mechanics' Mag. 20 May 408/2 I never was able to obtain so fine a quality of tone, nor any thing like the rapid articulation of the bass of Mr. Myers' Eolophon, with the patent vibrators or reeds.
1876 Western Mail 18 Aug. 2/5 (advt.) Harmonium—Three sets reeds, American organ tone; walnut case; 14 guineas.
1894 Catal. Story & Clark Organs Style 91 Contains four sets of reeds of two and one-half octaves each.
1952 Times 28 Mar. 8/7 To this family with its free metal reeds the mouth-organ belongs.
1966 Ethnomusicology 10 368 The Betsimisaraka selection..is an example of the ‘castrated’ accordion, which is retuned by snipping the reeds so that the chords will fall into one of the four Malagasy modes.
2003 S. K. Brockschmidt Harmonium Handbk. v. 118 Brass reeds also become more brittle as they age, raising their pitch.
†10. A piece of reed used as a bobbin or spool for yarn. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > winding > winding on spool or bobbin > spool or bobbin
spoolc1325
pirn1440
rocket1440
quillc1450
bobbin1530
reed1530
spill1594
twill1664
ratchet1728
pirnie1776
runner1784
reel1785
spindle1837
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 261/2 Rede to wynde yarne on or suche lyke, tuyau.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. iii. 107/2 Winding of Pinns, is the winding of Yarn upon a Reed or Pinn.
1721 A. Ramsay Elegy Patie Birnie Prol. (note) The pirn, or little hollow reed which holds the yarn in the shuttle.
1795 W. Perry Gen. Dict. Eng. Lang. at Spool To wind yarn on a reed. [Also in later dictionaries.]
11. Weaving.
a. Part of a loom consisting of a set of evenly spaced wires known as dents (originally slender pieces of reed or cane) fastened between two parallel horizontal bars and used for separating, or determining the spacing between, the warp threads, and for beating the weft into place; = slay n.1fly-reed: see the first element.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [noun] > weaving > loom > reed or slay
slayc1050
reed1595
raddle1648
niffler1752
evener1785
ravel1805
sniffle1805
separator1831
rave1888
shed-stick1910
shed-rod1968
1595 Edinb. Test. XXVIII. f. 81v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Red(e Four dossoun wobster reidis price of the dossoun xx s.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Lame,..the reed, or slay of a weuers loome.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 107/2 Reed,..like the Barrs of a Grate through which the Warp or Yarn runs.
1714 tr. French Bk. of Rates 188 The Combs, Reeds, and other Parts of the Loom.
1789 E. Darwin Bot. Garden: Pt. II ii. 56 Quick beat the reeds, the pedals fall and rise.
1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 412 The reed..has one or two threads of the warp passed between each of its wires, which wires are termed dents.
1894 Labour Commission Gloss. (at cited word) Reeds are reckoned by the number of interstices per inch, thus, a 64 reed has 64 interstices to the inch.
1932 L. E. Simpson & M. Weir Weaver's Craft xi. 115 Thread the new piece through the correct heddle and dent of the reed, then wrap the loose end round a pin in the woven fabric.
1986 A. Ghosh Circle of Reason iii. 79 Then, when he ought to have thrown the shuttle lightly across..instead, out of habit, he would slam the shuttle across and the reed after it.
2001 S. Adanur Handbk. Weaving v. 120/1 The reed holds one or more warp yarn(s) in each dent and pushes them to the cloth fell.
†b. The weight or texture of cloth as determined by the number of warp threads per inch of the reed; (hence) a type of cloth, as distinguished by this. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [noun] > woven > made by specific method of weaving
footwork1568
set1780
stocking1812
reed1823
stocking-web1843
handloom1867
terry1879
Hardanger1904
ikat1931
rip-stop1945
1823 R. Guest Compend. Hist. Cotton-manuf. 47 A very good Hand Weaver..will weave two pieces of nine-eighths shirting per week, each twenty-four yards long..the reed of the cloth being a forty four, Bolton count, and the warp and weft forty hanks to the pound.
1831 Manch. Times & Gaz. 2 Apr. 526/1 His 72 reeds he has advanced 1s. per cut, but this the weavers consider a very trifling advantage to them, in consequece of the fineness and quality of the material.
1842 Preston Chron. & Lancs. Advertiser 23 July 3/6 They also make poke petticoats, and figured bottoms, in the same reed and fabric as their jacconetts.
1888 Daily News 27 Aug. 7/2 Printers of medium reeds have been in better request.
1892 Leeds Mercury 15 June 6/3 Burnley goods and good 72 reeds are quoted dearer, and specialities command a slight advance.
12. A comb used in tapestry-making for pressing down the threads of the weft to produce a closely woven fabric. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [noun] > tapestry weaving > equipment for
flute1728
reed1728
broach1783
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Tapestry The Reed or Comb is also of wood, Eight or Nine Inches long, and an Inch thick at the Back.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Tapestry The Silk or Wooll being placed, he beats it with his Reed or Comb.
1842 Penny Cycl. XXIV. 46/1 The thread of woof or shoot thus inserted is finally driven close up..by means of a reed or comb formed of box-wood or ivory.
1861 Merchants' Mag. Oct. 377 Having placed the silk or wool, he beats it with his reed or comb.
1946 tr. G. Janneau in A. Lejard French Tapestry 10/1 With the Gobelins workers it is customary to use the point of the pin to pack the interlaced threads close together; the comb-like reed is only used by them to even up several pickings after they have been shot.
†13. Mining. A tube containing a train of powder for igniting a charge in blasting. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1848 Eng. & Foreign Mining Gloss. 21 Reed, or Spire, gorse, or other tubular vegetation, into which gunpowder is put to convey a train from the snoff to the charge, the reed being put into the aperture made by the needle.
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1903/2 Reed... 3. (Mining.) The tube conveying the train to the charge in the blast-hole.
III. With reference to objects and materials resembling a reed or reeds.
14. Chiefly Architecture and Joinery. A small, convex, semicylindrical moulding resembling a reed, usually as one of a group of such mouldings laid side by side. Cf. reeding n. 2.In quot. 1842: in plural with singular agreement.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [noun] > moulding > reed moulding
reed1745
reed moulding1785
reeding1795
reed-and-tie1951
1745 R. Pococke Descr. East II. ii. iii. x. 169 The lower part filled with cablins of reeds, is of one stone, and the upper part of another.
1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 161 When a piece of wood is formed into two or more semi-cylinders, touching each other, the semi-cylinders are called Reeds.
1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. ii. iii. 568 A repetition of equal semicylindrical mouldings, springing from a plane or cylindrical surface, is called reeds.
1875 T. Seaton Man. Fret Cutting vi. 68 Make a little reed round the uncarved or T part of the bracket and the support... This will form a neat reed, and give a pretty finish to your work.
1951 Woodworker Mag. Oct. (caption) Scratching reeds on a tapered leg.
1977 Bull. Assoc. Preserv. Technol. 9 79 One should not dismiss something as not being hand-made just because its moulding, reeds, or flutes are straight sans ‘undulations’.
2002 M. Rodriguez Building Fireplace Mantels 112 The outline of the side sections projects ¼in. past the center section, creating a shallow setback that is decorated with short reeds laid horizontally.
15. Mining. Chiefly Scottish. A cleavage plane in coal or sedimentary rock, esp. one parallel to the bedding; each of the flat pieces or layers into which coal or rock is divided by such planes. Now rare. Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) records this sense as still in use in Midlothian in 1968.
ΚΠ
1762 Session Papers in Sc. National Dict. (1968) VII. (at cited word) In case the Clay Backs and Cutters shall fail, and the Coal turn black and clean in the Reed.
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 962 The lamellæ (reed of the coal) are always parallel to the bed or plane on which the coal rests.
1937 T. Robertson Econ. Geol. Central Coalfield I. 104 One of them is the plane in which the rock splits most easily and this is called the ‘reed’.
1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 274/1 Reed, the cleavage of stone.
16. Chiefly Scottish and Irish English (northern). The grain of wood, stone, or metal. Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) records this sense as still in use in Midlothian, Lanarkshire, and Kirkcudbrightshire in 1968.
ΚΠ
1795 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XIV. 233 Slow growth makes timber fine in the reed.
1844 H. Stephens Bk. Farming III. 989 Their separation arises from the beater falling upon the flat or convex side of these annular layers—or the reed of the wood, as vulgarly called.
1855 A. F. Irvine Rep. High Court Justiciary 1852–4 1 103 The principle of construction brings the strain across the reed of the iron, instead of in a line with the reed.
a1908 H. C. Hart MS Coll. Ulster Words in M. Traynor Eng. Dial. Donegal (1953) 229/2 Larch has four reeds in it, oak has only two.
1936 St. Andrews Citizen 11 Jan. 11 Before a man can be expert in breaking a big stone with a hammer, he must be able to detect which way the actual reed or grain of the stone runs.
1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 274/1 Reed, the grain in wood.
17. A flexible metal strip or wire forming part of a switching device or relay; a switch or relay containing such an element. Frequently attributive. Cf. reed relay n., reed switch n. at Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical engineering > controlling device or process > [noun] > relay
reed1875
relay1907
reed relay1914
1875 U.S. Patent 165,728 1/1 My invention further consists in combining, with the magnets and vibrating spring or reed, shunting-wires so arranged as automatically to transfer the current from one to the other.
1920 U.S. Patent 1,345,646 2/1 The combination of a core for said electromagnet winding, and an armature therefor formed by a vibratory reed which is mechanically and magnetically integral with said core.
1924 Jrnl. Sci. Instrum. 1 165 Earlier chronometers were constructed with an armature consisting of a soft-iron reed clamped at one end and bridging the poles of the electromagnet near the free end.
1964 B. V. Rollin Introd. Electronics xiv. 181 The vibrating reed electrometer can be used for measurements on circuits of resistance up to 1016 ohm.
1996 B. Carson in P. Trynka Rock Hardware 39/2 (caption) The RMI Electra Piano was the first instrument to use purely electronic means to create a piano sound, eliminating the tuning instability or reed breakage of electro-mechanical instruments.

Compounds

C1.
a. General attributive.
(a) With the sense ‘(full) of reed or reeds’.
reed bank n.
ΚΠ
1589 J. Rider Bibliotheca Scholastica 1200 A reede banke, or place where reeds growe, arundinetum, cannetum.
1799 I. Weld Trav. N. Amer. xxix. 257 Clouds of Insects over Reed Banks.
1811 J. Mitford Agnes iv. x. 118 O'er the reed-bank and oozy shore screamed the wild Tern and Albicore.
2000 Explore Worldwide Brochure 2001/2002 55/3 Using mokoros (dugout canoes) to view game, we drift among the maze of reedbanks.
reed blade n.
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1827 J. Clare Shepherd's Cal. 147 Lapping up love-knot plaits..With broad green reed-blades.
1894 G. Meredith Lord Ormont xxv The bordering flags amid the reed-blades dipped and streamed.
1999 Miami Herald (Nexis) 3 Jan. d16 One seemed to be engaged in nest-building, carrying a long reed blade in its beak.
reed bush n.
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1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. ix. D As it were out of a fyre in a wod or a redebush.
1642 St. Hillaries Teares 5 At hell where they had wont to flock like Swallowes to a Reede bush, they come but dropping in.
1855 S. S. Farmer Tonga & Friendly Islands viii. 135 He traced him to the mouth of a cave, over which grew a large reed bush.
2007 Cape Argus (Nexis) 29 Nov. 6 You'll be able to enjoy an Indonesian style meal..watching the birds dart in and out of the reed bushes surrounding you.
reed-fen n.
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1439 in Collectanea Topographica & Genealogica (1838) V. 13 (MED) Also x acre of resshefen and redfen at Bregge.
a1771 T. Martin Hist. Thetford (1779) xiv. 191 King Henery VIII..demised to Sir Richard Fulmerston..Favertonfield alias Westwich, and the Reed fen there.
1997 Guardian (Nexis) 22 June (Leisure section) 32 The degree of pumping determines the character of the landscape and whether it's grazing marsh or reed-fen.
reed ground n.
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1579 Sir T. Gresham in A. H. Smith et al. Papers N. Bacon of Stiffkey (1983) II. 106 Proceed in the sale of my copieholdes ..and of my reed ground and wood ground at Milleham.
1629 H. C. Disc. Drayning Fennes sig. B If the water be drayned, and the cold moisture removed from the root of Reed-ground.
1725 R. Bradley Surv. Anc. Husb. & Gardening xvii. 292 When we make this Castration, or thinning of our Reed Ground, it should be done before the Reed is cut down.
1930 Times 28 July 8/2 It already holds marshes at Cley and a stretch of reed ground near Martham.
reedland n.
ΚΠ
1733 J. Mallory Attorney’s Pocket Compan. I. 24 Two Acres and an half of Reed Land.
1851 Wilson's Illus. Guide Hudson River 10 About one hundred and twenty thousand cubic yards of clay, which was carried into embankment [sic] across the Fishkill Creek and the reed lands adjoining.
2003 Toronto Star (Nexis) 8 Apr. a1 The Bradleys issued round after round of fire, igniting oil tanks and weapons dumps in the sandy reedland nearby.
reed marsh n.
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?a1500 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 561/4 Acorsus, Redmerche.
1767 Bartram's Jrnl. 26 in W. Stork Acct. E. Florida (ed. 2) Being generally good reed-marsh and some cypress-swamps.
1860 H. Greeley Overland Journey 273 A stream..flows with a gentle, sluggish current into a large tulé or reed-marsh.
1999 China Daily (Nexis) 1 Dec. 9 Scenes depicting herons drinking by reed marshes..and a maiden playing the bamboo flute can be seen in his paintings.
† reed pit n. Obsolete rare
ΚΠ
Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 426 Reed pytte, or fenne, cannetum, arundinetum.
reed plot n.
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1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 206 A narrow path within a reed plot.
1799 W. Tooke View Russ. Empire I. i. ii. 181 The diminution of the lakes, and the exsiccation of the pools, reed-plots, and marshes, has been very observable.
1998 Gazeta Mercantil Online (Brazil) (Nexis) 12 Jan. Surrounded by reed plots to the south, north, east and west.
reed seed n.
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1830 J. D. Hoy in Mag. Nat. Hist. 3 329 Their food is not entirely the reed seed.
1879 E. Arnold Light of Asia 222 Feathered reed-seeds fly o'er rock and loam and sand.
1995 Daily Yomiuri (Tokyo) (Nexis) 28 Oct. 12 Takao..assumes that reed seeds were transported to the area by birds or the wind.
reed stem n.
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1830 J. Rennie Insect Transformations iii. xiii. 320 So long as it remains in the grub state it can withdraw itself within its case of shells, stones, or reed-stems.
1903 A. Blunt & W. S. Blunt tr. Imr-el-Káis in Seven Golden Odes 6 Smooth are her legs as reed-stems stripped at a water-head.
1996 Guardian 12 Nov. i. 14/6 I found our smallest dragonfly—the Black Darter—resting on a reed stem at the side of the lake.
reedtop n.
ΚΠ
1830 Ld. Tennyson Dying Swan in Poems 101 Ever the weary wind went on, And took the reedtops as it went.
1973 S. Lanier Hiero's Journey iii. 69 There was only the soughing of the night wind in the reed tops.
2001 Sierra (Nexis) 1 Nov. 34 The long-billed bird weighs almost nothing, but its endless running up the reeds..and its launching itself from reedtops to hawk flying insects, all must contribute to the decline of the reeds.
reed-whisper n.
ΚΠ
1823 F. D. Hemans Elysium in Siege of Valencia 70 Low reed-whispers, making sweet reply.
1985 J. Haines Owl in Mask of Dreamer (1993) ix. 245 The law of drift and silence Overheard through reed-whispers And unstilled barking.
(b) With the sense ‘made of reed or reeds’.
reed boat n.
ΚΠ
1713 J. Edwards Theologia Reformata I. i. 219 Moses, a Child of three Months old was cast out and exposed to Crocodiles in the River Nile, in a Boat of Bulrushes: but here he rid safe in his Reed-boat.
1827 P. E. Laurent tr. Herodotus Nine Bks. Hist. I. vii. 240 Some among them inhabit the fens of their river, and live on raw fish, which they catch going out in reed boats.
1992 G. Hancock Sign & Seal iii. ix. 204 The Ethiopian tankwas bore an uncanny resemblance to the reed boats used by the Pharaohs for transportation, hunting and fishing on the Nile.
reed fence n.
ΚΠ
1716 E. Tenison True Copies Lett. i. 6/2 The Reed Fence about the Melon Ground.
1861 T. Taylor Up at Hills ii. i. 53 Shall this frail reed-fence of caste stop me?
1998 Independent on Sunday (Nexis) 8 Mar. (Features section) 5 I spy several signs of civilisation; a spice rack in the kitchen, an old bath placed discreetly behind a reed fence.
reed flute n.
ΚΠ
1775 C. Burney Present State Music in Germany (ed. 2) II. 307 (table) Reed-flute.
1848 Sci. Amer. 7 Oct. 18/3 The natives on some parts of the African Coast hold dialogues at great distances by means of little reed flutes.
1913 C. Pettiman Africanderisms 397 Each man blows upon a reed flute.
2000 Brit. Jrnl. Ethnomusicol. 9 137 He developed sound games with reed flutes, iron rods and animal sounds.
reed hut n.
ΚΠ
1686 in Miscellanea Curiosa (Royal Soc.) (1707) III. 182 You can scarce find a House, but only some poor Reed Hutts.
1834 T. Pringle Afr. Sketches vii. 233 His reed hut or wattled cabin generally placed on the side of some narrow ravine.
1999 T. Pinchuck et al. S. Afr.: Rough Guide (ed. 2) 358 Showers and washing facilities are in reed huts.
reed mat n.
ΚΠ
1745 tr. L. J. M. Columella Of Husbandry xii. l. 560 Cane- or reed-mats, into which the olives are gathered.
1898 Overland Monthly Dec. 543/2 There they pitch their tents and construct their crazy houses of cedar shakes and reed mats.
2002 Wanderlust Feb.–Mar. 91/2 Nama huts are round, dome-shaped, reed-and-mud structures, originally covered with reed mats, though today hessian sacking is used.
reed pen n.
ΚΠ
1695 J. Edwards Disc. conc. Old & New-Test. III. iv. 171 What was at that time the way of writing, viz. with Reed-Pens dipp'd in Ink.
1722 J. Richardson Acct. Statues Italy 12 Madonna sitting, holding the Christ in her Hand, he standing by her; a large Reed Pen, extremely fine.
1877 A. B. Edwards Thousand Miles up Nile iii. 63 Scrawling upon it in rude Arabic characters with a reed-pen of his own making.
1995 Aramco World Nov.–Dec. 37/1 The qalam, the reed pen used to copy the manuscripts, became known as a ‘second tongue’.
reed rope n.
ΚΠ
1355–6 in F. R. Chapman Sacrist Rolls Ely (1907) II. 167 (MED) In j upteye, ij rederopes, j line.
1861 Child's Own Bk. 571 The sister, binding him again with the reed rope, took it in her hand, and led him out of the hut.
1921 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 41 146 They begin with rushes and reed ropes to make dwellings.
2000 Patriot Ledger (Quincy, Mass.) (Nexis) 15 Jan. 33 There are no traces of wheels or medieval cranes, so they probably had to be tugged upright on log rollers and steadied by reed ropes.
reed whistle n.
ΚΠ
1825 A. G. Laing Trav. Timannee, Kooranko, & Soolima ii. 96 One Purrah man is sufficient, who, while leading the party, blows a small reed-whistle suspended from his neck.
1962 R. P. Jhabvala Get Ready for Battle ii. 101 A toyman with toys stuck on the end of a long pole.., blowing on a reed-whistle.
1999 Independent on Sunday (Nexis) 20 June (Features section) 4 There are wildfowl calling contests using reed whistles or vocal mimicry of ducks and geese.
(c) In sense 9.
reed action n.
ΚΠ
1884 Proc. Musical Assoc. 11 26 If we take a bassoon reed, with a very small length of pipe to it..the air set in vibration in the pipe which should act the part of a pendulum, or governor of a steam engine, in keeping the reed action regular, in this particular case does not exercise much control.
1930 R. Paget Human Speech ii. 32 The musical pitch of the note produced by the reed-action depends on the length, thickness and tightness (or pressure together) of the two elements of the ‘reed’.
2000 San Antonio (Texas) Express-News (Nexis) 27 Oct. h17 There's plenty of reed action, but Posada also proves he's got a fine jazz voice.
reed instrument n.
ΚΠ
1789 A. Bayly Alliance Musick, Poetry & Oratory i. 36 The reed instruments, such as the hautboy and bassoon, are nearest perhaps in sound to the human voice.
1860 G. W. Hawes Ohio State Gazetteer for 1860–61 912 (advt.) The best toned reed instruments in the world.
1991 World Monitor Apr. 76/1 A musician with a reed instrument calls to worshippers with wild jagged sounds.
reed section n.
ΚΠ
1891 Salem (Ohio) Daily News 17 Apr. 4/3 The members are all experienced musicians, and as it is to have a reed section, the indications are that it will be one of the best bands in this part of Ohio.
1935 Swing Music Nov.–Dec. 248/2 In the Duke's band..the rhythm-section and reed-section provide a harmonic..background.
2007 Irish Times (Nexis) 2 Nov. 15 Fine solos..and a stellar reed section..also distinguish what must have been a joyous occasion.
(d) In sense 11.
reed motion n.
ΚΠ
1863 J. Watson Theory & Pract. Weaving iv. 118 Mr. Stone had a patent loom, the reed motion of which was something similar.
1991 Textile World (Nexis) Apr. 62 Reed motion. The reed mounts on a lightweight, balanced holder driven by high-precision machined conjugated cams.
reedspace n.
ΚΠ
1838 Leeds Mercury 11 Aug. 2/2 Power looms, each having 371/2 inches reed space.
1919 Brit. Manufacturer Nov. 35/2 Wide hand looms of high reedspace scarcely require more effort than those for narrower weaving.
1998 Textile Month June 56/2 (advt.) Vamatex rapier weaving machines, type P1001, year 1989, reedspace 1900mm.
b. Objective.
(a)
reed-burning n.
ΚΠ
1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Bruscar To heate a ships side with reede burning.
1983 J. H. Wolfheim Primates of World 83 This species is also hunted near Lake Alaotra, where large numbers are cornered and killed or captured for later consumption during the annual reed burning.
2005 Santa Fe New Mexican (Nexis) 11 Sept. su10 The trust is educating people who live around Lake Alaotra in Madagascar about the indigenous lemur in order to reduce the devastating reed burning that is destroying its habitat.
reed-cutting n.
ΚΠ
1845 R. Lubbock Observ. Fauna of Norfolk 129 Thus appointed, a man will keep himself and family well, many months in the year; indeed, taking gunning and reed-cutting into account, all the year.
1972 R. Adams Watership Down xxxiii. 260 The ‘boat’ was a miniature punt, used for reed-cutting.
2001 E. M. Göknar tr. O. Pamuk My Name is Red (2002) xii. 66 I seated him at my worktable, among the paints, inkwells, burnishing stones, brushes, pens and reed-cutting boards.
reed-making n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > needle-making > [noun]
reed-making1670
needle-grinding1845
needle-making1845
1670 in A. J. Warden Dundee Burgh Laws (1872) 588 All persons..sall at ther entrie..asstrick himselfe to any ane pairt of the said wright craft..as to..painting only, or reid making onlie.
1774 Rivington's N.-Y. Gazetteer 7 July 3/3 (advt.) The subscriber willing to assist in promoting manufactures in America..has lately set up the business of Reed-Making.
1855 E. C. Gaskell North & South I. xii. 150 I shall be glad to procure her admission to print-works, or reed-making.
1999 Spokesman Rev. (Spokane, Washington) (Nexis) 27 Apr. b4 Britain's Royal Marines School of Music wanted to teach its students everything about the art of reed-making for the bassoon and oboe.
reed-rustling adj.
ΚΠ
a1843 R. Southey Common-place Bk. (1851) 4th Ser. 45/2 The reed-rustling breeze.
2001 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 20 Jan. 34 There was wintry magic enough in the reed-rustling scurry of a half-glimpsed Chinese water deer.
(b)
reed cutter n.
ΚΠ
1812 Sporting Mag. 39 223/1 One man, while cutting reeds, was seized by a tiger, upon which, with great presence of mind, he thrust his knife into the abdomen of his assailant, who made off, leaving the reed cutter to make his escape.
1933 Times 1 Feb. 14 (caption) A study by a staff photographer of The Times of a reed-cutter at work near Horning Ferry.
1996 Observer 11 Feb. 4 (caption) Eric Edwards, Norfolk Broads Authority's sole full-time reedcutter, carries away thatch for a Huntingdon pub's roof.
reed-maker n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > needle- or pin-maker > [noun]
needler1275
pinner1281
pinmaker1350
needle-maker1571
reed-maker1627
pin manc1680
1627 in F. G. Emmison Wills at Chelmsford (1959–60) II. 133 Fitch, Abraham, reed maker, Colchester.
1786 Independent Jrnl. 3 May 3/1 (advt.) Stay and Reed Makers Tools, &c. The above Instruments carefully repaired.
1847 H. Howe Hist. Coll. Ohio 244 James Simpson, reed-maker.
1999 Birmingham Post (Nexis) 3 Mar. His father was a bag-pipe maker. His grand father was a reed-maker.
c. Instrumental and parasynthetic.
reed-bordered adj.
ΚΠ
1842 Haileybury Observer 20 Apr. v. 30 And let those nurses of delicious dreams, Reed-bordered brooks and many winding streams, Wreath every ripple into sunny smiles.
1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer (1891) 192 A reed-bordered lagoon.
1998 Jrnl. (Newcastle) (Nexis) 26 Dec. 44 Pass by and ignore a signpost to your left and keep on to a reed-bordered lake.
reed-bottomed adj.
ΚΠ
1826 tr. J. L. Tieck in T. Roscoe German Novelists IV. 112 Then looking at me intently, she ordered me to take one of the reed-bottomed chairs, and sit opposite to her.
1947 P. Cooper Sambumbia xvii. 172 On the floor..were three pale green tables and reed-bottomed kitchen chairs, low enough for children.
2005 Seattle Post-Intelligencer (Nexis) 13 Sept. c2 Reed-bottomed chairs..surround a heavy wooden kitchen table.
reed-choked adj.
ΚΠ
1794 R. Jephson Rom. Portraits 164 Yet not in stagnant apathy to sleep, Or like the reed-chok'd stream through life to creep.
1860 J. B. Newman Wa-Wa-Wanda 57 As the reed-choked stream flows slowly.
1992 N. Bhattacharya Hem & Football i. 6 This reed-choked tank had been dug to ensure a constant supply of red clay for the towering brick kiln on the opposite bank.
reed-clad adj.
ΚΠ
1842 W. F. Ainsworth Trav. Asia Minor II. xliv. 336 Amidst these hills is the reed-clad rivulet of Bowusah.
1901 Sunday Morning Tel. (Dubuque, Iowa) 3 Mar. 10/4 Upon the reed-clad bank Yateesha spread her soft arms to welcome him.
2003 Times (Nexis) 21 June 3 We walked down a rocky path to a reed-clad lake, guided by the sound of croaking frogs.
† reed-compacted adj. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1777 R. Potter tr. Æschylus Prometheus Chain'd in tr. Æschylus Tragedies 36 Hoarse sounds the reed-compacted pipe.
reed-crowned adj.
ΚΠ
1615 J. Sylvester tr. Hymne St. Lewis 12 in 2nd Session Parl. Vertues Reall This Riuer makes the Reed-crownd Banks to kiss, By th' arched fauour of a Bridge there is.
1747 W. Mason Musæus 7 His reed-crown'd locks shall shake.
1823 F. D. Hemans Last Constantine iv, in Siege of Valencia 5 The shore Of the reed-crown'd Eurotas.
1996 K. Williams & I. Flett tr. I. F. Walther et al. Masterpieces of Western Art I. 392/2 A reed-crowned nymph brings her a shell heaped with pearls and corals.
reed-encumbered adj.
ΚΠ
1859 Sporting Mag. Dec. 444 The punt-gunner will experience the ready means of insinuating his floating organ of destruction among the narrow reed-encumbered branches of the rivers.
a1895 C. F. Alexander Poems (1896) 363 Still from the reed-encumber'd creek The lazy land breeze curls the tide.
1932 Discovery Nov. 354/1 When Livingstone discovered Lake Ngami in 1849 it was two hundred miles round; in 1900 it was hardly more than a vast reed-encumbered marsh.
reed-fringed adj.
ΚΠ
1834 Museum of Foreign Lit. 25 455/2 The swimmers..impelled the half-seen corpse through the deep bay mirror of the reed-fringed pool.
1906 A. B. Cooper Flood-tides 4 By wold and wilderness, by reed-fring'd lake.
1998 Canal Boat & Inland Waterways Aug. 62/3 The lovely river continues between reed-fringed banks filled with warblers and water-fowl.
reed-grown adj.
ΚΠ
c1602 C. Marlowe tr. Ovid Elegies iii. v. sig. E2 Floud with red-growne slime bankes.
1853 C. Norton Undying One iii. 95 The slimy waters gurgled o'er Thy corpse, and wash'd the slippery reed-grown shore.
1994 G. Leick Sex & Eroticism in Mesopotamian Lit. v. 49 The ambience of the reed-grown riverbanks or of the marshes is as such highly conducive to amorous adventure.
reed-roofed adj.
ΚΠ
1772 G. A. Stevens Songs Comic & Satyrical xxvii. 52 A while within the reed-roof'd-cot They stood, and star'd at Care.
1895 J. B. L. Warren Poems, Dramatic & Lyrical 2nd Ser. 136 What is this vineyard lodge, this red alcove, reed-roofed among the orchards of the oil?
1999 Jane's Intelligence Rev. (Nexis) Feb. 42 At Atiak they were burying their dead, as per the Acholi custom, at the doors of the reed-roofed otlums where the victims lived in life.
reed-stemmed adj.
ΚΠ
1880 A. W. Tourgée Fool's Errand & Invisible Empire xiv. 66 The magistrate sitting by a table in his shirt-sleeves, and smoking a long reed-stemmed pipe.
1942 W. Faulkner Go down, Moses & Other Stories 266 She held a reed-stemmed clay pipe but she was not smoking it.
2003 R. D. Mohr Pottery, Politics, Art i. 15 (caption) Stoneware bowls for reed-stemmed smoking pipes, c.1860–90.
reed-thatched adj.
ΚΠ
1632 J. Vicars tr. Virgil XII Aeneids xiii. 250 The temple and the Capitol defended, And all the reed-thatcht palace that ascended.
1788 Contin. Yorick's Sentimental Journey i. 9 Welcome the wearied stranger..to the reed-thatched cot.
1906 C. M. Doughty Dawn in Brit. VI. xxiii. 164 A reed-thatcht little lodge therein, is seen.
2003 Financial Times (Nexis) 21 Apr. 6 In old photographs, grave men and boys stare out from delicately-arched, reed-thatched reception halls.
d. Similative.
reed-green adj. and n.
ΚΠ
1879 Burlington (Iowa) Hawk-eye 8 Mar. 7/4 Sometimes this reed green satin ribbon is pale pink on the opposite side.
1960 Times 13 June 3/3 The fishing nets, shell-pink and reed-green.
2005 Internat. Herald Tribune (Nexis) 6 Oct. 11 A bamboo print, which came after dresses in reed green and lagoon blue, gave a feeling of the Oriental outdoors.
reed-thin adj.
ΚΠ
1913 Overland Monthly Oct. 365/1 His voice beat against the roar of the waters reed-thin.
1950 Post-Register (Idaho Falls, Idaho) 7 Apr. 12/7 Charles Coe, the reed thin National Amateur champion from Oklahoma City.
2008 Indian Express (Nexis) 18 May Now the global obsession with skinniness is sure to throw up many more reed-thin, Size Zero Indian role models in the future.
C2.
reed-and-tie adj. designating a style of ornamental moulding consisting of a stylized representation of a bundle of reeds tied together; (also) designating a feature having such decoration.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [noun] > moulding > reed moulding
reed1745
reed moulding1785
reeding1795
reed-and-tie1951
1951 Burlington Mag. June 207/2 The silver..includes an important dinner service with reed and tie borders, 1824 and 1825.
1971 Country Life 1 Apr. 766/1 The grandiloquence of Louis XVI's France, with heavy reed-and-tie borders..also had a place at fashionable West-End silversmiths.
2005 Rotunda (Nexis) 1 Apr. 32 The urn-shaped knop (knob) of the stem has gadrooning above and curved fluting below, and the smaller, lower knop, a reed-and-tie motif.
† reed babbler n. Obsolete the reed warbler, Acrocephalus scirpaceus.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Sylviidae (warbler) > [noun] > genus Acrocephalus > species scirpaceus (reed-warbler)
reed-bird1782
reed warbler1783
reed wren1783
reed babbler1840
pit-bird1862
1840 E. Blyth et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom 191 The Sedge Babbler..is also a common summer visitant in Britain, more generally distributed than the Reed Babbler.
† reed back n. Obsolete a horizontal bar forming part of the reed of a power loom into which the metal dents fit; see sense 11a.
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1834 Brit. Patent 6619 (1857) 6 i..is the reed of the loom, the top edge of which is slipped into the reed-back 7, while the bottom edge thereof rests on a slipper or angle-plate 8.
1895 R. Marsden Cotton Weaving iv. 106 The reed machine is furnished with the parts of the machine termed the reed back, composed of two strips of wood each for the top and bottom.
reed bat n. Thatching rare = legget n.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > [noun] > thatching equipment > for dressing or driving in reeds
leggeta1562
reed bat1969
1969 E. H. Pinto Treen xxv. 406 The leggat, legget or reed bat..is used for patting or beating reeds into position.
† reedbeere n. [probably < reed n.1 + beere, variant of berwe n.] Obsolete rare a reed bed.
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the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > reedy or aquatic grasses > [noun] > reed or the reed plant > collective or bed of reeds
reedeOE
spirea1250
reed bed1483
reedbeere1585
stover1621
reedlings1830
spire-bed1863
1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 388/1 Arundinetum,..a place where reedes grow: a reedebeere.
† reed bent n. Obsolete rare = reed bent grass n.
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the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > reedy or aquatic grasses > [noun] > reed or the reed plant > reed-like plants
bead-sedge1562
knop-sedge1562
reed-grass1578
bur-reed1597
reed bent grass1781
reed bent1859
1859 C. L. Flint Grasses & Forage Plants (ed. 3) 49 Alpine Reed Bent (Calamagrostis Pickeringii) is a species found near the summit of the White Mountains, of New Hampshire.
1899 F. Lamson-Scribner Amer. Grasses (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 198 Calamagrostis langsdorffii..Langsdorf's Reed-bent.—A stout, erect perennial.
reed bent grass n. any of various reed-like grasses; spec. a grass of the genus Calamagrostis.
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the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > reedy or aquatic grasses > [noun] > reed or the reed plant > reed-like plants
bead-sedge1562
knop-sedge1562
reed-grass1578
bur-reed1597
reed bent grass1781
reed bent1859
1781 R. Pulteney Gen. View Writings Linnæus 368 A number of goats which were perishing in an island that abounded with the Reed Bent Grass, (Agrostis arundinacea) a plant on which horses feed with avidity, and thrive greatly.
1862 New Amer. Cycl. XIV. 1/2 Other grasses have the trivial name of reed, such as the reed bent grass (calamagrostis), of which several species are common to this country.
1998 Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 85 69 (title) Microhabitat relations of the rare reed bent grass, Calamagrostis porteri subsp. insperata (Poaceae), with implications for its conservation.
reed brake n. chiefly U.S. a brake or thicket of reeds (cf. cane-brake n. at cane n.1 Compounds 2).
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1818 H. Young in Florida Hist. Q. (1934) 13 32 The soil of the reed-brakes is very similar to that of the Baygalls.
1948 Carthaginian (Carthage, Mississippi) 19 Aug. 4/4 Total of 190 acres, 70 acres of good reedbrake corn land and 70 acres of cotton land.
2005 Hindustan Times (Nexis) 23 Mar. The floral wealth—reed brakes,..medicinal plants and colourful balsams dancing near the streams—announces that the reserve is a heritage site for all mankind.
reed canary grass n. a tall grass with a long lobed inflorescence, Phalaris arundinacea, native to waterside and marshy locations in north temperate regions.
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the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > [noun] > phalaris grasses
grass corn1548
phalaris1548
Canary seed1578
Canary grass1597
chameleon grass1597
lady's laces1597
painted grass1597
sword-grass1598
silver grass1600
Canary1723
reed canary grass1762
ribbon grass1786
gardener's garters1820
dagger-grass1834
daggers1847
bride's laces1854
canary reed1884
1762 B. Stillingfleet tr. C. Gedner in Misc. Tracts (ed. 2) 182 The reed canary grass serves for thatching houses.
1884 Chambers's Jrnl. 1 Mar. 130/2 The reeds and reed canary-grass come up.
2006 Olympian (Olympia, Washington) (Nexis) 18 Dec. In the past year, the partners..removed invasive reed canary grass out of 1 mile of creek.
reed-cap n. Music a small, usually wooden cap enclosing the reed of certain instruments (esp. early double-reed instruments) so that the player does not control it directly with his or her lips; = windcap n. at wind n.1 Compounds 2.
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society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > woodwind instruments > [noun] > reed instrument > associated parts
fipple1626
wind-way1875
staple1880
pirouette1891
plaque1940
windcap1940
tongue1953
scrape1954
reed-cap1960
1960 Galpin Soc. Jrnl. 13 79 Sordunen, instruments of modern design going back to the tonal quality of 16th-century double-reed instruments; without keys, with reed cap..compass: 2 octaves.
1976 D. Munrow Instruments Middle Ages & Renaissance vi. 50/4 Rauschpfeifen and schreierpfeifen..are reed-cap shawms... Of the two, rauschpfeifen seem to have been more common.
2004 Albuquerque (New Mexico) Jrnl. (Nexis) 11 Nov. (Rio Rancho Jrnl.) 3 The crumhorn is a sort of fuzzy sounding instrument that has a reed cap over it.
reed-capped adj. Music (of a wind instrument) having a reed cap.
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1977 Early Music 5 342/2 A rauschpfeife, a relatively easy (i.e. non-embouchure) instrument, presumably derived from a reed-capped bagpipe chanter.
1999 D. Harrán Salamone Rossi 271 Italian for crumhorn, a curved reed-capped instrument.
reed case n. (a) Music a case for storing the reeds used in an instrument such as an oboe or clarinet; (b) a case for a reed pen (rare).
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1850 E. Robinson Greek & Eng. Lex. of N.T. 149/2 Γλωσσόκομον, a tongue-box, reed-case, for keeping the reeds or mouth-pieces of wind-instruments.
1885 R. F. Burton tr. Arabian Nights' Entertainm. I. xiii. 131 I..took the reed-case and reed; and wrote.
1950 Times 30 Dec. 1/3 (advt.) Low pitch oboe..complete in black leather case with reed case.
1964 A. H. Gardiner Egypt of Pharoahs i. 23 The sign depicting a scribe's palette, water-jar, and reed-case might represent not only that entire outfit..but also the activity of writing.
1997 Atlanta Jrnl.-Constit. (Nexis) 2 Aug. 8 a There is a clarinet on a chair, an empty reed case on the floor.
reed dent n. Weaving = dent n.2 2b.
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?1843 E. Bottomley & M. Bottomley Let. in Publ. State Hist. Soc. Wisconsin (1918) 58 I should like you to send me a quantity of Reed Dents such as are used for about a 10 Bear reed as I intend trying to make some coarse flanel.
1898 E. A. Posselt Recent Improvem. in Textile Machinery relating to Weaving 119/2 Fig. 3, in side elevation shows one of the reed-dents detached.
1999 Textile World (Nexis) May 47 Piletronic PTX 8400 jacquard machine adapted to weave colorful carpets in up to 12 color frames per reed dent.
reed-drawer n. chiefly English regional (south-western) (now rare) a person who prepares reed (sense 6a) for thatching.
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1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles xliii, in Graphic 14 Nov. 574/3 They were noted reed-drawers.
1995 M. Royston in T. Hardy Short Stories 6 Some set themselves up as turf-cutters (for fuel), reed-drawers (for thatching), and wood-cutters (for building).
reed-drawing n. chiefly English regional (south-western) the action or practice of preparing reed (sense 6a) for thatching by drawing wheat from sheaves held in a reed-press, removing the ears and forming the remaining straw into bundles.
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1874 T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd I. vi. 74 Oak seized the cut ends of the sheaves, as if he were going to engage in the operation of ‘reed-drawing’.
1946 N. Wymer Eng. Country Crafts v. 50 The preparation of the straw—variously known as yelming, reed-drawing, or gabbling—consists of removing all unsuitable pieces and arranging the strands level.
1996 C. Grimes T. Hardy's Tess of D'Urbervilles ii. 82 Her other duties include trimming and storing those roots, as well as reed-drawing.
reed fescue n. any of several coarse fescues, esp. tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea; also reed fescue grass.
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the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > [noun] > fescue grasses
fescue1762
float-fescue1762
sheep's fescue1762
reed fescue1830
bunch-grass1837
rat's tail fescue1858
capon's-tail grass-
1830 Mag. Nat. Hist. 3 160 Reed-fescue (F. calamaria).
1861 J. E. Sowerby & C. Johnson Grasses Great Brit. 109 Cows and horses will eat the leaves of the Reed or Wood Fescue-grass, especially in the early part of the year.
1937 S. F. Armstrong Brit. Grasses (ed. 3) x. 199 Such species as Reed Fescue (F. arundinacea, Schreb.) and New Zealand Reed Fescue (F. littoralis, Br.) are unsuitable for cultivation.
1990 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 117 321/1 In that park, Reed Fescue, once no doubt planted as playing-field turf, has been replaced by Path Rush, Annual Bluegrass, and Common Plantain.
† reed-flush adj. Joinery Obsolete rare designating a style of decorative panel work, having panels which are flush with their frame and decorated with reedings.
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1859 Builder's & Contractor's Price-bk. ii. 100/1 (table) [Deal doors] reed flush and bead butt.
1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 490/2 Reeds are generally struck on the panel in the direction of the grain, and laid in on the panel across it, or along the ends; this is termed reed-flush.
† reedholm n. Obsolete rare a reedy meadow.
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1397 Inquisition Misc. (P.R.O.: C 145/264/27) Vnum Reedholme quod valet per annum ultra reprisas x s.
reed hook n. Weaving an implement used for threading the warp threads through the reed of a loom (see sense 11a).
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1845 Encycl. Metrop. VIII. 734/1 The warp..is drawn through the reed by an instrument called a sley or reed hook.
1914 H. Nisbet Prelim. Operations of Weaving I. ix. 359 The reacher..proceeds to select the warp threads from a bunch held in the left hand, and delivers them in consecutive rotation to a reed-hook.
1998 News & Record (Greensboro, N. Carolina) (Nexis) 1 July (Rockingham ed.) R2 A co-worker at Edna Mills remembered Williams had a reed hook used by cotton mill weavers.
reed horn n. any horn in which sound is produced by a reed; spec. a type of foghorn in which a metal reed is vibrated by compressed air to produce the sound.
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1851 R. Ellis Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. III. 1105/2 Brass reed horn, with eight valves.
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXX. 266/2 At the Trinity House experiments with fog signals at St. Catherine's (1901) several types of reed-horn were experimented with.
1998 Fort Worth (Texas) Star-Telegram (Nexis) 5 Apr. 29 A ringside band plays serpentine, wailing music—on a reed horn, drums, and cymbal—which surges along with the fighting.
1998 R. K. Hubbard Boater's Bowditch (2000) 365/2 Nautophone, a sound signal emitter comprising an electrically oscillated diaphragm. It emits a signal similar in power and tone to that of a reed horn.
reed knife n. Music (a) an instrument used to alter the tuning of the reed-pipe in an organ by adjusting the position of the tongue; (b) a small, sharp knife used to make or alter the reed of a reed instrument.
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1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 339/2 An organ is tuned by means of hollow cones and reed-knives.
1952 W. L. Sumner Organ ix. 265 The tuning of reeds is usually better done by knocking down the tuning spring or wire to sharpen the note and knocking it up to flatten it, by means of a tool known as a ‘reed-knife’.
1968 Jrnl. Music Educ. 16 55 Reeds which were of greater than normal strength required a deeper groove or widening of the original groove by the use of a small file rather than a reed knife.
1996 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Jrnl. Sentinel (Nexis) 16 Apr. (Sports section) 1 I have never had an oboist turn around and throw a reed knife at me, going, That's it..if you empty your spit valve in my general direction one more time.
reed leopard n. a pale-winged Eurasian moth, Phragmataecia castaneae (family Cossidae), which inhabits reed beds.The reed leopard is related to the similar leopard moth or wood-leopard, Zeuzera pyrina.
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1856 J. F. Stephens Catal. Brit. Lepidoptera in J. E. Gray List Specimens Brit. Animals in Coll. Brit. Mus. v. 34 Phragmatæcia Arundinis. The Reed Leopard.
1908 R. South Moths Brit. Isles 2nd ser. 349 The Reed Leopard (Phragmataecia castaneae). A male of this species (Macrogaster arundinis of some authors) is shown on Pl. 153.
2002 T. O'Riordan et al. in T. O'Riordan & S. Stoll-Kleemann Biodiversity, Sustainability & Human Communities vi. 134 Rare or uncommon insect species including Swallowtail, Fenn's wainscot and reed leopard.
reed machine n. a machine for making loom reeds; see sense 11a.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for making other articles > [noun] > needle-making equipment
reed machine1821
mouth guard1852
thumb-piece1891
1821 J. Field Diary 30 Aug. in Newcomen Soc. Trans. 1932–33 (1934) 26 Mr R. then took us to see the reed machines now at work.
1895 R. Marsden Cotton Weaving iv. 106 The reed machine is furnished with the parts of the machine termed the reed back, composed of two strips of wood each for the top and bottom.
1971 Newcomen Soc. Trans. 1968–69 33 One of the patent reed machines was found on board.
reedman n. (also reedsman) [ < reed n.1 + man n.1; in form reedsman < the genitive of reed n.1 + man n.1] (a) English regional (East Anglian), a person who cuts, prepares, and sells reed for thatching; (b) chiefly Jazz, a player of a reed instrument.
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society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > wind player > [noun] > player of reed instrument
reedman1782
1782 W. Marshall Minutes in Rural Econ. Norfolk (1787) II. 154 In the fens, the reed-men are great enemies to these birds.
1872 T. Hardy Under Greenwood Tree I. i. iv. 50 They should ha' stuck to strings. Your brass-man, is brass—well and good; your reed-man, is reed—well and good.
1938 D. Baker Young Man with Horn i. v. 61 There was the band playing ‘Home, Sweet Home’ as a one-step with the reed man getting into clear and going absolutely wild on a clarinet.
1951 D. E. A. Wallace & R. P. Bagnall-Oakeley Norfolk vii. 84 The old villages..began as trading places for the eel-fishers, the reed-men and the smugglers from the sea.
1952 Norfolk Mag. 36 (heading) Reedsmen of the Norfolk Broads.
1998 N. Devon Jrnl. (Electronic ed.) 27 Aug. Veteran clarinet legend Monty Sunshine will be playing a few notes alongside..ace New Orleans style reedsman Sammy Rimington.
reed mark n. Weaving a mark on a piece of cloth running in the direction of the warp, caused by a damaged or defective loom reed; see sense 11a.
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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [noun] > woven > defect in
scob1863
trap1871
reed mark1903
reediness1919
1903 Chester (Pa.) Times 25 Aug. 8/2 (advt.) This careful manufacturer told us they showed the reed marks of the looms a little, and refused to sell them at the regular price.
1931 E. Midgley Techn. Terms Textile Trade I. 261 Reed marks, a type of defect in woven fabrics due to the warp threads running in ‘twos’ or ‘threes’.
2001 S. Adanur Handbk. Weaving v. 111/1 Spun warp yarns are sometimes stressed more when they are lowered than when they are raised during weaving because this helps to remove reed marks.
reed-marked adj. Weaving rare (of cloth) that has a mark running in the direction of the warp as a result of a damaged or defective loom reed (see sense 11a).
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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [adjective] > woven > unevenly woven
rewey1552
reed-marked1894
reedy1907
1894 T. W. Fox Mechanism Weaving iii. 37 Sometimes warp threads are allowed to run in pairs throughout the piece without being looked upon as a serious defect; such material is said to be reed-marked, or without cover.
1956 U.S. Patent 2,737,982 1 Mutual catching of adjacent healds may also be caused by lumps or impurities in the warp material or by pulling a warp thread, which has become twisted or knotted on itself, through the warp eye too quickly. When caught in such a crossed position, such healds produce a reed-marked fabric.
reed meadow grass n. = reed sweetgrass n.
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the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > reedy or aquatic grasses > [noun] > other aquatic grasses
reed-grass1597
marram1640
reed meadow grass1772
eel-grass1790
buttongrass1814
cutting grass1831
sea hard-grass1843
sea sand-reed1856
tape-grass1857
spinifex1877
surf-grass1923
1772 R. Weston Universal Botanist III. 568 Reed Meadow Grass.
1840 F. S. Wiggins Amer. Farmer's Instructor 235 Reed meadow grass, Poa aquatica, is one of the largest and most esteemed—because most useful–of the British grasses.
1912 J. W. White Flora of Bristol 658 Reed meadow-grass. Reed Sweet-grass... A magnificent grass, as those who have seen a ditchful of it will readily acknowledge.
2003 Jrnl. Environmental Quality 32 1195/1 The grassland buffer zone was dominated by reed meadow grass.
reed moth n. any of various small moths which inhabit reed beds; spec. = reed leopard n.
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1869 E. Newman Illustr. Nat. Hist. Brit. Moths 17/1 The Reed Moth (Macrogaster Arundinis).
1879 C. O. G. Napier Lakes & Rivers 246 Then there are the numerous reed moths, and the large Copper.
1908 Times 11 Aug. 3/6 In the very locality from which the Reed Tussock moth has perished another insect, the Reed moth (M. Arundinis)..has become fairly numerous.
1997 Business Week (Nexis) 16 June 28D The Mai Po marsh..also plays host to about 10 other animal species, mostly invertebrates, such as the Mai Po crab and as-yet-unnamed reed moths, that are found nowhere else in the world.
reed moulding n. = sense 14.
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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [noun] > moulding > reed moulding
reed1745
reed moulding1785
reeding1795
reed-and-tie1951
1785 Builder's Price-bk. (new ed.) 106 Circular frames on walls... Reed mouldings with foliage over ditto.
1884 Yorks. Archæol. & Topogr. Jrnl. 8 325 The other cup is perfectly plain, with reed moulding under the bowl at its junction with the stem.
1972 Burlington Mag. Oct. 707/2 An ormolu ribbon and reed moulding running around the central panel.
reed organ n. any of various keyboard instruments, as the harmonium, melodeon, etc., in which sound is produced by freely vibrating, usually metal, reeds (cf. sense 9d).
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society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > types of organ > [noun] > reed-organ
cottage organ1836
aeoline1840
melodeon1844
melodium1846
harmonium1847
reed organ1851
organ-harmonium1864
American organ1869
harmonicon1876
harmonica1880
organ1880
vocalion1882
squeeze-box1909
melodicon1938
1851 C. Cist Sketches & Statistics Cincinnati 221 The largest business in this line, is..that of making melodeons or melopeans and reed organs.
1929 S. Leslie Anglo-Catholic ix. 116 Music was being throated from a reed organ.
2000 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 20 July 40/1 A reconfigured reed organ (originally called the Ptolemy, later rebuilt and renamed the Chromelodeon).
reed pheasant n. British regional the bearded tit, Panurus biarmicus.
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the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > [noun] > subfamily Paradoxornithidae > genus Panurus (bearded reedling)
bearded titmouse1731
reed pheasant1831
reedling1837
1831 J. Rennie Montagu's Ornithol. Dict. (ed. 2) 26 Bearded Tit,... Provincial. Reed Pheasant.
1896 Daily News 28 Nov. 3/6 Bearded tit, reedling or reed pheasant.
1953 D. A. Bannerman Birds Brit. Isles II. 217 Known to the marsh men as the reed pheasant.
2001 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 6 Jan. 24 Buzzard, bearded tit (which [W. H.] Hudson called ‘reed pheasant’) and kittiwake have reappeared since 1900.
reed piper n. a person who plays a reed pipe.
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OEReadpipere [see sense 8a].
1917 Musical Times 58 456/1 The primitive reed-piper can be called the father of our modern scales.
2000 Washington Post (Nexis) 16 July (Book World section) x. 10 She dwells..on the..sound of the reed piper strolling by.
reed-plane n. Joinery = reeding plane n. at reeding n. Compounds.
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1832 Butlers' Commerc. List iii. 38/1 (table) Reed planes, fenced to work more reeds.
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1904/1 Reed plane, a concave-soled plane used in making beads.
2001 C. H. Wendel Encycl. Antique Tools & Machinery 148/1 Reed plane..Has a concave sole for cutting beads.
reed player n. (a) a player of a reed pipe (now rare); (b) a player of a reed instrument.
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1838 J. E. Alexander Exped. Discov. Interior Afr. II. vii. 162 A full band of reed-players blew and stamped.
1909 Westm. Gaz. 5 Apr. 2/3 Reed-players pass by, not any reed will make A pipe whereon to play our dreams awake.
1926 Chicago Defender 20 Feb. i. 6/5 The cornet, trombone, tuba and reed players treat their instruments wrongly.
1988 Jazz Jrnl. Feb. 8/2 I admit to the bias that ensues from being a reed player with an arranger's interest in organised larger ensembles.
2001 Dirty Linen Dec. 75/2 Tud's reed player..brings a lighter touch to his binou and hautbois that is a key element of the group's clean, contemporary sound.
reed-press n. English regional (south-western) (now rare) a press for holding wheat used in reed-drawing; cf. sense 6a.
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1836 Cottager's Monthly Visitor Dec. 416 The mode of preparing the straw is simply to take a sheaf of wheat, and to place it in a reed press.
1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles III. xliii. 53 There had already been placed in the reed-press..as many sheaves of wheat as would be sufficient for the women to draw from during the day.
reed-register n. [originally after German Rohrwerk (1844 in the passage translated in quot. 1852, or earlier)] = reed stop n. (cf. register n.1 9a).
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society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > stop > reed-stop
reed stop1727
reed-register1852
1852 tr. J. J. Seidel Organ & its Constr. 20 Even in the course of the sixteenth century some of the reed-registers [Ger. Rohrwerke] were invented.
1925 Musical Q. 11 560 At the foot of his throne are grouped divers musicians, among them an organist facing a manual of eight keys..and sounding the re and fa of a reed-register perfectly depicted.
2006 N. J. Thistlethwaite in D. E. Bush & R. Kassel Organ 251/2 In adopting CC-compasses,..large Swell divisions and a palette of novel flute, string, and reed registers, Hill pursued his quest for an instrument that combined power with musical versatility.
reed relay n. a relay consisting of or incorporating one or more reed switches.
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the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical engineering > controlling device or process > [noun] > relay
reed1875
relay1907
reed relay1914
1914 U.S. Patent 1,098,379 2/1 In the construction..shown in Fig. 1, reed relays are arranged in series.
1947 Electr. Engin. (U.S.) 66 1104 (heading) Glass enclosed reed relay.
1966 Times 16 Dec. 11/6 The key component in the Ambergate exchange is a miniature reed relay.
2006 Analytica Chimica Acta 556 180/1 A high voltage of 9.0 kV..was applied to the buffer reservoir through the reed relay.
† reed-roll n. English regional (East Anglian) Obsolete = reed-rond n.
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a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Reed-roll, a thicket of reeds on the borders or shallow parts of a river.
reed-rond n. (also reed-rand) [ < reed n.1 + rand n.1] Chiefly English regional (East Anglian) (now rare) a thicket of reeds in a marsh or in the shallows of a river; cf. rand n.1 1b.
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1782 W. Marshall Minutes in Rural Econ. Norfolk (1787) II. 277 The water is thrown from the grazable parts into these reed-ronds.
a1855 W. T. Spurdens Forby's Vocab. E. Anglia (1858) III. 40 A ‘reed-rand’, on our rivers and broads is a margin overgrown with reeds.
1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. Prel. 17 Long lines of reed-rond, emerald in spring.
1917 Times 27 Nov. 11/5 We can only trudge by her tidal waters, past old, fern-clad storehouses and wharves, through sedge-beds and reed ronds, to the glittering apron of her weir.
† reed sedge n. Obsolete rare a river or marsh plant of some kind; cf. sedge n.1 1.
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1480 W. Worcester Itineraries 290 Shevys de reede segge.
reed sheaf n. Chiefly English regional (south-western) (now rare) a bundle of unthreshed wheat straw with the ears removed, used esp. for thatching.
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1715 Persecution Expos'd 33 Being so busied in this Work to ruin his Neighbour, that he had forgot his Sheep for some Days..; so that they eat up a parcel of reed Sheaves as was said, and were most of them Starved and Died.
1810 W. Marshall Rev. Rep. to Board Agric. from Western Dept. Eng. 515 (note) The sheaves thus prepared are called reed-sheaves.
1874 T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd II. vii. 84 You can bring up some reed-sheaves to me, one by one.
1992 R. Morgan Cancelled Words vi. 116 Bathsheba is mounting the stack with a reed-sheaf on her shoulder when a thunderbolt unnerves her.
† reed spire n. Obsolete a stem or stalk of reed; cf. reed spear n.1
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eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. li. 266 Hindbergean leaf & hreodes spir, reade hofan, bisceopwyrt.]
c1390 Charter Abbey Holy Ghost (Vernon) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 359 (MED) Þei token him a reod-spyr in his hond.
a1438 Bk. Margery Kempe (1940) i. 1 (MED) Euyr sche was..lech vn-to þe reed-spyr, whech boweth wyth euery wynd & neuyr is stable.
a1500 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (Hunterian) (1980) ii. 228 (MED) The croos þat þe buschop berith in his hond betokenyth þe reed spyr þat þe knyȝtys tormentouris puttyn in þe hand of Crist in scorn for a ceptre.
1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 117 Arundinum oculi, vel bulbi,..Reede spier.
reeds player n. = reed player n. (b).
ΚΠ
1975 Washington Post 30 Mar. h9/1 His work has been carried on by guitarist Phil Manzanera and reeds player Andy Mackay.
2008 Down Beat (Electronic ed.) Jan. 61 The reeds player and his mainstream buds attack each of their standards with an elan that often tilts toward fervor.
reed-split n. now rare = reed dent n.; cf. split n.1 2b.
ΚΠ
1807 Repertory Patent Inventions 11 416 They are then made, formed, or fashioned, as is usually performed in making weavers' reeds of wooden frames and Spanish reed splits, according to the experience and genius of the workmen employed.
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1903/1 Two threads of yarn pass between each of the reed-splits or dents.
2005 R. K. Datta & M. Nanavaty Global Silk Industry xi. 336 There are four ends in each of the 50 reed splits, and..each of the four ends is a double thread.
reed stop n. Music an organ stop composed of reed pipes; cf. reed pipe n. 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > stop > reed-stop
reed stop1727
reed-register1852
1727 A. Boyer Dictionaire Royal (rev. ed.) (at cited word) Reed-stop of an Organ, Anche d'orgue.
1871 J. Hiles Dict. Mus. Terms Hautboy-clarion, a 2 ft. reed stop in an organ.
1992 Classic CD 25 May 38/3 The left hand solos-out the tune on a reed stop, while the right hand plays a counter-melody.
reed straw n. = sense 6a.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > plants, grasses, or reeds > [noun] > for thatching > wheat-straw
haulmc825
reed1415
wheat-straw?1523
reed straw1628
wheat-reed1811
1628 World Encompassed by Sir F. Drake 50 His owne canow (which was made of reed straw).
1810 F. Le Couteur in W. Pitt Gen. View Agric. County Worcester 382 Lay the cheese, with reed straw after our custom, or make use of hair cloths.
2005 Washington Times (Nexis) 14 Jan. a15 Made in the traditional Chinese method of packed earth mixed with reed straw.
reed swamp n. a swamp dominated by the common reed, Phragmites australis, or other tall reed-like plants; swampland of this kind.
ΚΠ
1784 T. Hutchins Hist. Narr. Louisiana & W.-Florida 72 Further out in the country again..you come to a pine barren, with extensive reed swamps and natural meadows.
1850 Message President U.S. to Congr. 194 We arrived at a reed swamp, where the mules and horses fared well.
1971 Nature 11 June 364/2 Here the invasion of reedswamp from the north and west was incomplete.
1997 Wildlife & Fresh Water (Eng. Nature) Mar. 43/1 Wet grasslands contain a variety of habitats..and may abut fens and reed swamps.
reed sweetgrass n. the Eurasian sweetgrass Glyceria maxima, found in waterside and marshy locations.
ΚΠ
1841 W. A. Leighton Flora of Shropshire 45 G. spectabilis, Mert. & Koch. Reed Sweet-grass.
1912 J. W. White Flora of Bristol 658 Reed meadow-grass. Reed Sweet-grass... A magnificent grass, as those who have seen a ditchful of it will readily acknowledge.
1999 Wildlife News May 9/2 The mixture of open water, reed sweet-grass, comfrey, silt and mud provide good homes for the club-tailed dragonfly and the white-legged damselfly.
reed switch n. (originally) a switch in which electrical contact is made by two reeds that are caused to touch one another; (later) spec. a small, sensitive, high-speed switching device consisting of a pair of contacts in a sealed glass tube, which can be brought together by the field of an electromagnet surrounding the tube.
ΚΠ
1920 U.S. Patent 1,345,646 2/2 The opposite end of this winding is permanently connected to the fixed end of the reed-switch.
1976 F. Clifford Drummer xiv. 88 The detonator's incredibly engineered. Mallory battery, reed switches.
1995 J. Wilson Fishing Encycl. (2000) 56/1 Now superseded by alarms that operate through magnetic reed switches and photo-electronic cells, antenna-type buzzers..are still popular because they are inexpensive.
reed-throated adj. (perhaps) having a throat that makes sounds like those produced by a reed.
ΚΠ
1914 W. B. Yeats Responsibilities 76 From that reed-throated whisperer Who comes at need.
reed-thrush n. now rare a reed warbler (genus Acrocephalus); esp. the great reed warbler, A. arundinaceus.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Sylviidae (warbler) > [noun] > genus Acrocephalus > species arundinaceus (great reed-warbler)
reed-thrush1783
great reed warbler1808
1783 J. Latham Gen. Synopsis Birds II. ii. 32 Reed Thrush Turdus arundinaceus... This is a European bird..but is not found in England.
1852 Goldsmith's Hist. Earth (new ed.) II. iii. viii. 236/1 It was supposed by Belon..that the musical halcyon was the river nightingale, or reed-thrush, which is reported to be a pertinaceous songster.
1911 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 317/1 Of very similar habits is the reed-thrush, or great reed warbler, A. arundinaceus, a loud-voiced species, abundant on the Continent but rarely straying to England.
† reed-tree n. Obsolete rare (a) a bamboo or other tall reed-like plant; (b) Palaeontology = calamodendron n.
ΚΠ
1734 Bayle's Gen. Dict. Hist. & Crit. (new ed.) I. 92/2 This [sc. the oak of Mamre], say they, must be the same with the reed-tree (Calamus) of Seth.
1755 M. Postlethwayt tr. J. Savary des Brûlons Universal Dict. Trade II. 397/2 Bamboo is..employed in the same country [sc. China] for a kind of paper; and..is the reed-tree of Gaspar Bauhin.
1859 D. Page Handbk. Geol. Terms 101 Calamodendron,..literally ‘reed-tree’.]
1873 J. W. Dawson Story Earth & Man vi. 131 The..Calamodendron or Reed-tree..had stems with thick woody walls.
1892 E. R. Lankester tr. E. Haeckel Hist. Creation (new ed.) II. xix. 125 A survivor of the giant reed-trees,..the Equisetum giganteum.
reed voice n. chiefly poetic (now rare) a thin, reedy voice.
ΚΠ
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iii. iv. 67 Ile..speake betweene the change of man and boy, with a reede voyce. View more context for this quotation
1949 R. Moore Grasshopper's Man 56 The reed voice, the slant face.
† reed yard n. Obsolete rare = reed spire n.In quot. OE used for a fishing rod.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > office > symbol of office or authority > regalia > [noun] > sceptre > of reed
reed yardOE
OE Prudentius Glosses (Boulogne 189) in H. D. Meritt Old Eng. Prudentius Glosses (1959) 16 Calamum, hamum, reo[d]gyrde.
a1250 Wohunge ure Lauerd in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 281 (MED) Siðen ȝette buffetet and to dunet i þe heaued wið þe red ȝerde.

Derivatives

reedlike adj.
ΚΠ
1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 13 With Reed-like Launce, and with a blunted Blade.
1712 J. Morton Nat. Hist. Northants. i. 94 'Tis a Black, Light, Tenacious, and Fungous Mass, containing a great many Fibrous Roots of Herbs, and some few Flaggy shrivel'd Leaves, and hollow Reed-like Stalks.
1890 O. Wilde Picture of Dorian Gray iv. 66 She has been innocent, and the black hands of jealousy have crushed her reedlike throat.
1992 N.Y. Times 19 Jan. ii. 5/1 Mary Stuart Masterson [is] reedlike and silvery in the part of Irina, the youngest sister.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

reedn.2

Brit. /riːd/, U.S. /rid/
Forms: Old English reada, early Middle English reade, Middle English rede, 1600s read, 1700s– reed; English regional 1700s– read, 1800s rade, 1800s reade, 1800s reid, 1800s– rede; Scottish pre-1700 1800s reid, 1700s red, 1700s– reed, 1800s read, 1900s– rede; also Welsh English 1800s– reade.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with West Frisian rêd abomasum or fourth stomach of a ruminant, North Frisian (Föhr, Amrum) ruad omasum or third stomach of a ruminant, early modern Dutch roode, rood, denoting various of the stomachs of a ruminant, especially the omasum (1599 in Kiliaan), German regional (Low German: Pomerania) rode, (Low German: Bremen) roon omasum (both late 18th cent.), Swedish regional (Bohuslän) rudda abomasum, further etymology uncertain; probably < the same Indo-European base as Middle Persian rōt intestines of a cow (Persian rūda, (now rare) rūd gut, intestines): see further E. Lidén in Arkiv för nordisk filologi 48 (1932) 260–1, and in Zeitschrift f. vergl. Sprachforschung 61 (1934) 14–17.German †Roden (late 18th cent.; rare) and Danish †roden (1622), both in sense ‘abomasum’, are < German regional (Low German).
Now regional and technical.
Originally: (perhaps) the stomach. In later use spec.: the abomasum or fourth stomach of a ruminant.The precise meaning of the word in Old English is unclear. It is only attested glossing Latin tolia (also tolea), a rare word meaning ‘swelling in the throat, goitre’, and probably also, by extension, ‘tonsils’, which has led some dictionaries (including Bosworth-Toller) to gloss the Old English word as ‘tonsils’; however, the same Latin word (in form doliam) is glossed in a Middle Irish source with a word usually meaning ‘stomach’. The meaning of the word porunula in quot. OE is uncertain.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > internal organs and systems > [noun] > stomach
reedeOE
maweOE
craw1574
ventricle1575
gizzard1776
rud1841
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > [noun] > ruminant > parts of > stomach > fourth
reedeOE
maweOE
roddikin1512
earning bag1611
cheeselip-bag1615
abomasus1668
abomasum1678
cheeselip skin1788
rennet stomach1840
rud1841
eOE Glosses to Lorica of Laidcenn (Cambr. Ll.1.10) in A. B. Kuypers Bk. of Cerne (1902) 87 Tege toleam toracem cum pulmone uenas fibras fel cum bucliamine : [gescyld] readan, feoluferð mid lungenne, ædran, smælðearmas, geallan mid þy heorthoman.
OE Antwerp Gloss. (1955) 180 Folliculus, cildhama. Tolia uel porunula, reada. Exta, midrif.
c1200 ( Latin-Old Eng. Gloss. (Bodl. 730) in Eng. Stud. (1981) 62 207/1 Tolia, reade.
c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 489 He riȝt al þe rede, Þe wombe oway he bare.
a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 839 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 121 He cryid allace..revyn Is my reid [rhymes steid, pleid, hed] I am vngraciously gorrit baith guttis & gall.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 342 All creatures hauing a Stomack or Read, are not without a belly vnder it.
1666 J. Smith Γηροκομία Βασιλικὴ 84 That is that which Anatomists call, Omasum, and our Butchers, the Read.
1701 N. Grew Cosmol. Sacra i. v. §24 Most of those [animals] which have no upper Teeth, or none at all; have Three Stomachs: As in Beasts, the Panch, the Read, and the Feck.
1702 C. Fiennes Journeys (1947) 112 The way of makeing runnett as they do in Cheshire: they take the Reed bag and Curd and haveing washed it clean, salt it and breake the Curd small about the bag.
a1756 E. Haywood New Present (1771) 191 Get four pounds of reed tripe.
1782 A. Monro Ess. Compar. Anat. (ed. 3) 40 in Monro's Anat. Human Bones (new ed.) From this it passes into the fourth [stomach],..or the red, which is the name it commonly has because of its colour.
1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (at cited word) A calf's reid, the fourth stomach of a calf, used for runnet or earning.
1836–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. II. 11/1 The food is finally deposited in the fourth stomach, the abomasum..or reed.
1895 Daily News 13 Dec. 8/1 Such technical particulars (to be understanded by butchers only) as ‘weights of suet, caul, and reed fat’.
a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xxi. 740 A study of the minute structure of the walls has shown that the first three chambers..really belong to the oesophagus, while the abomasum or reed represents the ancestral stomach.
1958 Trans. Hawick Archæol. Soc. 29 Teen Elder's tripe was famous (ma bairns whiles hed half the bray drukken oot the jug on the way h'yim, and sometimes the reed bag was missin' tae).
2004 L. K. Wang et al. Handbk. Industr. & Hazardous Waste Treatm. xv. 695 Most cattle and sheep abattoirs clean the paunch (rumen), manyplies (omasum), and reed (abomasum) for tripe production.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

reedv.

Brit. /riːd/, U.S. /rid/
Forms: see reed n.1
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: reed n.1
Etymology: < reed n.1 Compare earlier reeder n. 1 With sense 2 compare German regional (Low German: Bremen) †reiten , †rēten , in same sense (1767 or earlier). With sense 4 compare earlier reeding n. 2a.
†1. transitive. To thatch with reed. Usually in passive. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > build or provide with specific parts [verb (transitive)] > roof > thatch > thatch in specific way
reed1440
stob1535
sting1707
Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 426 Redyn howsys, arundino, calamo.
a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) III. 89 The Abbay Chirch and Paroch Chirch [being] then be chaunce readid or thatchid.
1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 47v Where houses be reeded..now pare of the mosse.
1632 in Minutes Norwich Court Mayoralty 1632–5 (1967) 28 Francis Fenne beinge presented for reedinge of a stable.
2. transitive. Weaving. To pass (warp threads) through the dents of a reed (reed n.1 11). Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [verb (transitive)] > weave > processes involved in
reed1812
skewera1834
shed1839
float1878
fill1889
1812 T. Pardoe Brit. Patent 3604 (1856) 3 The false simple into which the coloured part of the pattern, figure, or flower is reeded in..consists of one hundred and thirty-six strands.
1894 T. W. Fox Mechanism Weaving ii. 17 It will be noticed that the threads from shaft 4 are reeded two in a dent, and those from the remaining shafts three in a dent.
1915 S. S. Dale tr. G. H. Oelsner Handbk. Weaves 168 It is evident that the best effect will be obtained at Figs. 766 and 767 by reeding 4 threads in a dent and bringing a reed wire or empty dent between threads 4 and 5.
1971 Business Hist. Rev. 45 255 The wildbore..is a worsted fabric in which the chain has been reeded four ends to the dent.
†3. transitive. To prepare (straw) for use in thatching. See reed n.1 6a. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1818 W. Cobbett Let. 15 Dec. in Year's Resid. U.S.A. (1819) iii. 416 Only think of the expense of drawing, or of reeding, straw in England!
1818 W. Cobbett Let. 15 Dec. in Year's Resid. U.S.A. (1819) iii. 413 If this straw be reeded, as they do it in the counties of Dorset and Devon, it will last thirty years.
1864 Birmingham Daily Post 21 May 3/3 (advt.) St. Giles-in-the-Wood, Devon, improvements in apparatus for thrashing and reeding wheat and other straw.
4. transitive. Chiefly Architecture and Joinery. To decorate or ornament with reedings; (also) to fashion into reedings. See reeding n. 2, reed n.1 14.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [verb (transitive)] > furnish with moulding
reed1818
bead1851
dogtooth1851
1818 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 4 103/2 A stately white pillar presents itself, which is about 15 feet in diameter, and from 20 to 30 in height, regularly reeded from top to bottom.
1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 161 When a piece of wood is formed into two or more semi-cylinders, touching each other..the piece of wood is said to be reeded.
1890 Athenæum 9 Aug. 199/1 The chalice..has a mullet-shaped base, reeded vertically.
1931 Bull. Pennsylvania Museum 26 15 Two unusually beautiful Sheraton armchairs..are painted white and gold, the vertical supports of the back and seat reeded in the Louis XVI manner, the arm supports reeded in a spiral form.
1988 Times (Nexis) 26 Aug. Mr Coltman owns a fine mid-18th century one [sc. a violin bow] which is elegantly fluted and reeded in snake-wood, with an ivory mount.
2006 Geelong (Austral.) Advertiser (Nexis) 10 Nov. 24 Ian used a Triton workbench, reeded the columns and edged the shelves, made the doors and the draws.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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