redeemv.

Brit.

/rᵻˈdiːm/, U.S.

/rəˈdim/,

/riˈdim/

Forms: late Middle English reydeme, late Middle English–1500s redeme, 1500s redem, 1500s redime, 1500s–1600s redeame, 1500s–1600s redeeme, 1500s– redeem; Scottish pre-1700 radem, pre-1700 rademe, pre-1700 radeym, pre-1700 radeyme, pre-1700 redeam, pre-1700 redeeme, pre-1700 redeeme (past participle, perhaps transmission error), pre-1700 redeim, pre-1700 redeime, pre-1700 redem, pre-1700 redeme, pre-1700 redeyme, pre-1700 redime, pre-1700 1700s– redeem. N.E.D. (1904) also records a form late Middle English redem.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French redemer; Latin redimere.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman (rare) redemer, Middle French redimer (French rédimer ) (of God or Christ) to deliver (a person or soul) from sin and its consequences (end of the 14th cent.; for the earlier Anglo-Norman and Old French verb, see raim v.), to get rid of (a burden or obligation) by making a payment (1439), to recover (a thing put in pledge) by paying an amount due (15th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), to ransom (a person) from slavery, captivity, or punishment (a1506 or earlier), to make good (a loss) (1572), to save (oneself) from trouble (1573) and its etymon classical Latin redimere to buy back, to recover by purchase, to buy up, to make good, to pay the cost of, to fulfil (a promise), to make up or atone for, to contract for, to procure the release of (a person) by payment, to ransom, to buy (someone out of a predicament), to rescue, save, to get rid of by monetary concessions, buy off, in post-classical Latin also (of God or Christ) to deliver from sin and its consequences (Vulgate) < red- , variant (before a vowel) of re- re- prefix + emere to buy (see emption n.). Compare Old Occitan redemer , rezemer , Spanish redimir (1155; also †redemir ), Portuguese redimir (1538 in past participle redemido ), Italian redimere (13th cent.). Compare earlier raim v., which is ultimately from the same Latin verb (see below). Compare also redempt adj., earlier ransom v., and later redemp v.In sense 10, after the New Testament passages Ephesians 5:16 and Colossians 4:5, in which the Vulgate has post-classical Latin tempus redimentes , translating Hellenistic Greek ἐξαγοραζόμενοι τὸν καιρόν . The vowel of the second syllable (Middle English and Older Scots close ē ) is probably due to the influence of the Latin perfect tense (compare the Latin 3rd person singular perfect tense redēmit ). Compare exeme v., expreme v. The retention of e as opposed to i was probably reinforced by analogy with (short) e in redemption n., redempt adj., redemptor n. raim v. reflects a medieval French popular phonological development of classical Latin redimere. See further Französisches etymol. Wörterbuch at redimere.

1. Theology. Esp. of God or Christ: to deliver (a person, a soul, etc.) from sin or damnation. Cf. ransom v. 1a.

a. transitive. With preposition, as from, to, unto, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > salvation, redemption > save, redeem [verb (transitive)]

aleseOE

abyeOE

buyc1175

washc1175

winc1220

salvea1225

savec1225

forbuyc1315

ransomc1350

signc1350

again-buya1382

forechoosea1400

gain-buy1435

redeemc1438

pre-elect1561

sa'1604

electa1617

unsina1631

c1438 Bk. Margery Kempe (1940) ii. 246 (MED) Thorw þe vertu of hys Passyon sufferyng & hys precyows blod schedyng, sche was redemyd fro euyr-lestyng peyne.

a1500 in F. J. Furnivall Polit., Relig., & Love Poems (1903) 112 (MED) The hevynly kyng enteryd thy close virgynall, Man to redeme from dedely synne.

1557 Bible (Whittingham) Rev. v. 9 Thou wast killed, and hast redemed vs to God by thy bloude.

1624 R. Montagu Gagg for New Gospell? xxv. 201 Iacob saith, Gen. 48. 16. The Angell which redeemed mee (you read, deliuereth mee) from all euill, blesse these Lads: where, first, you bely your owne reading.

1651 R. Baxter Plain Script. Proof Infants Church-membership & Baptism 28 He hath redeemed us from our bondage.

1729 W. Law Serious Call x. 141 To redeem souls unto God, to fill Heaven with saints.

1754 C. Wesley Hymns (ed. 3) xxxii A slave redeem'd from death, and sin.

a1817 T. Dwight Theol. (1819) V. clxi. 376 You are the very sinners, whom he came to redeem from the sins of this life, and the sorrows of that which is to come.

1866 Boston Rev. Oct. 485 Is not the church a thing to be used..in redeeming this world to Christ?

1908 P. T. Forsyth Missions in State & Church 271 We owe ourselves..to the eternal God redeeming us to His eternal self in Father, Son, and Holy Ghost.

1960 C. D. Freeman tr. A. D. R. Polman Barth iii. 48 The meaning and goal of the life of the elect is not that they are redeemed from sin..but that they are chosen to be a witness of Christ's election in the world.

2002 New Statesman 25 Nov. 58/2 The resulting ecological catastrophe was simply our way of giving thanks to the Christ-child for having redeemed us from all such mistakes.

b. transitive. Without construction. Also intransitive.

ΚΠ

c1450 (c1415) in W. O. Ross Middle Eng. Serm. (1940) 316 (MED) The secound commyng..was at þis tyme vhen þat he com to redeme man.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1869) II. 231 (MED) So mony generaciones were betwene Lamech and Criste, which redemede mankynde.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ii. l. 183 Bot thow rademe, na liff thai ordand me.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 262 Thow that on rude ws ransounit and redemit.

1558 C. Goodman How Superior Powers 233 Subiecte your selues whollye to God: for he hath redemed you.

1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter i. xvi. 295 Mankind had not beene redeemed, unlesse the word of God had beene hominified.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xli. 262 Our Saviour..was not King of those that he Redeemed, before hee suffered death.

1715 D. Defoe Family Instructor I. i. i. 21 God manifested in the flesh, sent from Heaven to redeem a lost World.

1781 W. Cowper Truth 279 A soul redeemed demands a life of praise.

1827 R. Pollok Course of Time II. x. 240 The others, who refused to be redeemed,—They stand, unsanctified.

1860 Home, School & Church 10 165 For did not Christ redeem the whole man?

1900 Daily Iowa Capital 7 Mar. 5/5 We are redeemed by His blood.

1959 L. A. Fiedler Jew in Amer. Novel ii. 32 The challenge to an unbelieved-in God to redeem Williamsburg at the end of Fuchs' first novel.

1996 J. E. Parker in J. C. Hawley Through Glass Darkly vi. 111 Adam fell and Christ redeems.

2004 S. Miller Women in Mark's Gospel xi. 175 Jesus redeems human beings and inaugurates the new age through his death on the cross.

a. transitive. Of a person: to make amends or atonement for (an error, sin, or failing).

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > reform, amendment, or correction > atonement > atone for [verb (transitive)]

beetc897

i-bye10..

abyelOE

answer?a1300

buya1300

amendc1300

mendc1330

forbuy1340

redressa1387

answera1400

byea1400

filla1400

peasea1400

ransoma1400

to pay for——c1400

recompense?a1439

abidea1450

satisfyc1460

redeema1464

repaira1513

syth1513

reconcile1535

acquit1567

dispense1590

assoil1596

propitiate1610

expiatea1626

atone1661

retrievea1679

a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 106 He warned þe king, as Daniel ded Nabugodonosor, to redeme his sinnes with elmesse.

a1500 Craft of Deyng (Cambr. Kk.1.5) in R. Girvan Ratis Raving & Other Early Scots Poems (1939) 168 To Radem the trespas that adam and Eue commytyt in paradice.

1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Cviij^v Yf any man wound another..he redemeth thoffence.

1630 H. Lord Display Two Forraigne Sects Introd. The President, was urgent with me, to redeeme their omissions.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 214 Which of ye will be mortal to redeem Mans mortal crime?

a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 257 They will labour to redeem all that is pass'd by turning..violently against them.

a1794 E. Gibbon Antiq. House of Brunswick in Misc. Wks. (1796) II. 669 The naked heir might often complain, that his father's sins had been redeemed at too high a price.

1834 Southern Literary Messenger Oct. 59/2 He hastened to redeem his error.

1870 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (ed. 2) I. App. 743 Snorro makes him redeem former misdeeds by saving Cnut when in great danger.

1912 Daily Courier (Connellsville, Pa.) 27 Dec. 7/7 Oswald will hear nothing against Orlando. He says that he has redeemed his fault.

1952 C. Day Lewis tr. Virgil Aeneid i. 14 Next time, I shall not let you so lightly redeem your sins.

1985 Amer. Econ. Rev. 75 8/2 The right time to act was of course in November, but when that opportunity was missed it was not easy..to redeem the error.

b. transitive. To make good (a loss).

ΚΠ

a1576 Lady Abergavenny Praiers in T. Bentley et al. Monument of Matrones (1582) ii. 162 Thou sparedst not thy most pretious bloud to redeeme the losse of our first father Adam.

a1627 J. Beaumont Bosworth-field (1629) 3 If some resistlesse strength my cause should crosse, Feare will increase, and not redeeme the losse.

1645 J. Milton On Christ's Nativity: Hymn xvi, in Poems 8 The Babe..That on the bitter cross Must redeem our loss.

1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. lvi. 223 The Squire..wrecked his vengeance on the cards, which he..committed to the flames with many execrations; threatning to make us redeem our loss with a large glass and a quick circulation.

1786 M. A. Meilan tr. A. Berquin Children's Friend XV. 136 I could wish, indeed, I had sufficient to redeem my loss.

1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. v. v. 528 The English were eager to redeem by a victory the loss of Trincomalee.

1888 Morning Oregonian (Portland, Oregon) 4 June 8/2 If the visitors had any hope of redeeming their loss when they came to bat in the ninth they were mistaken.

1938 E. Cowling Co-operatives in Amer. ix. 126 Losses totaling $150,000 were incurred. But conservative management slowly redeemed the loss.

1980 Times 20 Dec. 14/2 God the Father had redeemed the loss of grace mankind had suffered as a result of the first Adam's fall.

2006 T. P. Anderson Performing Early Mod. Trauma i. 2 Elizabeth's birth as the moment of transcendence that redeems all loss that came before.

†c. transitive. To avenge, repay (a wrong). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute (vengeance) [verb (transitive)] > avenge (an injury or injured person)

wreakc825

awreak1048

righta1275

wrackc1275

wrakec1275

venge1303

bewreakc1325

avenge1377

hevena1400

sella1400

revengec1425

countervenge1523

wrecka1593

redeem1598

vindicate1623

to pay off1749

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. ii. 132 I will redeeme all this on Percies head.

a. To ransom (a person) from slavery, captivity, or punishment; to save (a person's life) by paying a ransom.

(a) transitive. With preposition or (occasionally) adverb of direction, as from, out of, to, home, etc.

ΚΠ

1465 Gregory's Will in J. Gairdner Hist. Coll. Citizen London (1876) p. xlvii (MED) The residue of all my goodes..I gif to myn executours..to thentent that they dispose it..in acquiting and redemyng of prisoners oute of the prisons in London.

1508 J. Fisher Treat. Penyt. Psalmes sig. xx.iiii In his treasoure hous is rychesse innumerable, wherwith..he may redeme all y^e world from the prysone & captyuyte of y^e deuyll.

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. iii. 85 Shall our coffers then Be emptied, to redeeme a traitor home?

1611 Bible (King James) Deut. vii. 8 The Lord..redeemed you out of the house of bondmen, from the hand of Pharaoh.

1686 A. Horneck Crucified Jesus xvii. 471 He that redeems a slave out of Turkish captivity [etc.].

1729 W. Law Serious Call xiii. 216 To redeem a prisoner out of jayl.

1761 F. Sheridan Mem. Miss Sidney Bidulph II. 205 That very brother whom Mr. Arnold had redeemed from a gaol and peril of hanging.

1856 F. L. Olmsted Journey Slave States 282 It was, for a long time, generally expected..that the State would thus be redeemed to freedom.

1932 J. F. Rippy Hist. Evol. Hispanic Amer. vii. 128 King Sebastian had forbidden the enslavement of any Indians save those captured in a just war or redeemed from captivity among other tribes.

1975 M. Kammen Colonial N.Y. vi. 156 Fletcher's broadside soliciting contributions to redeem Christians from slavery in Morocco.

1990 C. G. Calloway Western Abenakis of Vermont (1994) i. 30 He redeemed one child from Bécancour, but the St. Francis Abenakis refused to release two other children.

(b) transitive. Without construction.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > ransom > [verb (transitive)]

acquit?c1225

raim?c1225

to buy out1297

borrowa1300

ransoma1382

to put (a person) to (his or her) finance1418

raquite1454

loose1473

redeem?a1475

overbuya1525

redempa1525

remerce1559

reescate1645

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1871) III. 429 Darius..sende lettres to kynge Alexander that he myȝhte redeme [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. ransome; L. redimere] men taken in captiuite with hes goodes.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 70 The weir is gon,..The ransoun maid, the presoneris redemit.

a1525 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1923) I. 231/16 The erll..redemit his cosing and restorit him to his lordschip.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iv. iv. 84 I sent you Monie to redeeme you, By Dromio heere.

1639 P. Massinger Unnaturall Combat v. ii. sig. K4^v The Turkish Empire offer'd for his ransome Should not redeeme his life.

a1711 T. Ken Preparatives for Death in Wks. (1721) IV. 101 The Christians, Slaves to Pagans sold, Whom he redeem'd with Gold.

1785 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) I. 477 In order to justify ourselves for undertaking to redeem you, without orders.

1810 P. S. Du Ponceau tr. C. Van Bynkershoek Treat. Law of War iii. 20 Prisoners of war, if they are not redeemed, are very often released, even without a ransom.

1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin II. xix. 31 His mistress is going to send down money to redeem him.

a1924 S. Dill Rom. Society in Gaul (1926) iii. ii. 427 S. Geneviève..braved all the perils of that stormy time to redeem the captive or bring food to a famishing town.

1998 Rocky Mountain News (Denver) 8 Feb. a64/1 The Swiss-based charity has made more than a dozen risky, clandestine bush flights to southern Sudan to redeem 800 slaves since 1995.

b. transitive (reflexive). To free oneself from slavery, captivity, or punishment by paying a ransom. Also with construction.

ΚΠ

?1549 R. Wyer tr. C. de Pisan C. Hyst. Troye sig. k6^v Where as he was solde, by his synne to the enemye of hell, and had not where with to redeme hym selfe... And the sonne sayd. Take me for thy Raunsome and redeme thy selfe by me.

1599 R. Hakluyt tr. Friar Ordoricus in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 58 Whomsoeuer of their foes they take in battel not being able to ransom himselfe for money, they presently deuoure him: but if he be able to redeeme himselfe for money, they let him go free.

1643 R. Baker Chron. Kings of Eng. i. 113 One Abraham, found a Delinquent, redeemes himselfe for seven hundred Markes.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 301 He had been a slave 9 years, then redeemed himself.

1729 J. Hippisley Flora ii. ii. 28 If ever you wou'd redeem your self or me from eternal Bondage, be kind, and fly into the Arms of Liberty.

1837 L. R. Sunderland Anti-slavery Man. (ed. 2) viii. 45 Jewish servants..could be redeemed or redeem themselves at any time.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 657 He was therefore suffered to redeem himself by giving a bond for forty thousand pounds.

1921 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 51 373 Among the Sungu and the Olemba many Batetela tribesmen are in a state of slavery. These..allow their slaves to redeem themselves, for slaves may own property everywhere.

1990 J. Sumption Hundred Years War (1999) I. xiv. 511 Some of the lesser prisoners redeemed themselves quite quickly. But the greater ones were destined to spend several years in captivity.

a. transitive. To free, recover (mortgaged property, something put in pledge, etc.) by payment of an amount due or by fulfilment of an obligation. Also figurative. Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > borrowing money > borrow money [verb (transitive)] > pawn > redeem from pawn or pledge

to pledge out1446

raquite1454

redeem1474

to take out of wed1483

in-borrow1541

inquit1541

disimpawn1631

society > trade and finance > buying > buy [verb (transitive)] > buy back > from pawn

repledge1479

unpawn1579

repawn1641

redeem1793

1474 in J. Robertson Illustr. Topogr. & Antiq. Aberdeen & Banff (1857) III. 527 To..frie and redeim all and sundry my landis.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vi. l. 86 Thow sall los a gage Quhilk neuir in erd sall be redemyt agayne.

1538 T. Elyot Dict. Repignero, to quite or redeme a pledge or gage.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 856 He redemed the Marques Dorcet, and Sir John Bourchier whome he hadde left as pledges at Paris for money there before borowed.

1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. vi. 266 They are constrained to lay their sonnes to gage, and then goe rob and rifle trauellers to redeeme them againe.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 ii. iii. 8 My honor is at pawne, And but my going, nothing can redeeme it.

1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. 159 They will allow the mortgagor at any reasonable time to re-call or redeem his estate.

1793 J. Nichols in J. Boswell Principal Corrections Life Johnson 36 Dr. Johnson collected a sum of money to redeem his friend's clothes, which in two days after were pawned again.

1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake vi. 284 To him thy woes, thy wishes, bring; He will redeem his signet ring.

1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) IV. 387 On a bill by a mortgagee, to redeem or foreclose.

1861 M. Pattison in Westm. Rev. Apr. 411 The Crown jewels had been pledged... Edward was not in a condition to redeem them.

1925 Yale Law Jrnl. 34 905 Actions to redeem real or personal property from mortgage or lien.

1960 Blackwood's Mag. July 74 I can only hope that..he will redeem one of the innumerable suits he assures me he has in pawn all over the world.

1990 M. Brave Bird & R. Erdoes Lakota Woman (1991) v. 61 I have seen traders take Indian jewelry..in pawn for five dollars' worth of food and then sell it for hundreds of dollars to a collector when the Indian owner could not redeem the article within a given time.

b. transitive. To relieve, get rid of (a burden or obligation) by making some form of payment; to discharge, pay off (a debt, mortgage, or similar obligation).

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > buying > buy [verb (transitive)] > pay to be rid of

outbuyc1300

to buy out1598

redeem1705

to buy off1851

c1475 tr. A. Chartier Quadrilogue (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1974) 217 (MED) They redemyd [Fr. racheterent] and bought with thaire blood and deth the seruitute and desolacion of thaire peeple.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. lxxvi. f. xxix^v It was answered that they hadde redemed the sayd Trybute with the Pryce of theyr bloode.

1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 231 (MED) Godiue..naked throughout all Couentree, The tolles sore and seruage agayn right To redeme hole of her femynitee.

1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 298 To the ende they should redeeme this voyage with money.

1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. xxxviii. 119 Now that there was no remedy to redeem their slauery but by resistance.

1633 J. Ford 'Tis Pitty shee's Whore iii. sig. F4 Is there no way left to redeeme my miseries?

1705 ‘F. Telltroth’ Lunatick iii. 36 I have resolv'd to Redeem the Mortgage.

1784 S. Gale Ess. on Nature & Princ. Public Credit ii. 18 The interest for the loss also will for ever continue to be paid, until the debt be redeemed.

1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) II. 59 A judgement against a purchaser of an equity of redemption, or to redeem incumbrances, &c.

1856 New Monthly Mag. 107 3 We can rarely convince the creditor of one who has nothing but his skin that he cannot redeem his obligation.

1905 Times 11 Apr. 7/3 If we redeemed our debt in proportion as our wealth increased, we should again be able..to raise large sums of money in case of emergency without feeling any undue pressure at the moment.

1962 M. Blaug Econ. Theory in Retrospect vi. 200 Walras's scheme was to pay the proprietors with bonds, using future rents to pay interest and to redeem the loan.

1997 H. de Schepper & J. M. Cauchies in A. Padoa-Schioppa Legislation & Justice xiii. 242 The delinquent could redeem his obligation to go on pilgrimage by paying a sum of money.

c. transitive. To fulfil, carry out (a pledge or promise).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > carrying out > observance or carrying out a promise, law, etc. > observe or carry out a promise, law, etc. [verb (transitive)] > specifically a promise

yieldc825

to make (hold, pay, keep, yield or break) a vowc1290

redeem1795

1795 Suppl. in tr. J.-M. Roland de La Platière Appeal to Impartial Posterity i. 181 Mademoiselle Desportes had made me promise to write to her; I redeemed my promise.

1840 T. B. Macaulay Ld. Clive in Ess. (1887) 559 Clive redeemed his pledge. He..effected one of the most..difficult and salutary reforms.

1861 M. Pattison in Westm. Rev. Apr. 408 Some consciousness of not having redeemed their engagements.

1949 D. F. W. van Lennep in Euripides Sel. Plays I. 2 The action starts on the fatal day on which Alkestis is to redeem her pledge.

1994 Casa Grande (Arizona) Disp. 11 July 4 Democrats..could claim to have redeemed the promise they made in the heady days after Clinton's victory.

†a. transitive. To rescue, save, or deliver (a person or thing) from a particular situation. Also with out. Also intransitive. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > rescue or deliverance > rescue or deliver (from) [verb (transitive)]

areddec885

leeseOE

reddOE

winc1220

deliver?c1225

ridc1225

quita1250

betellc1275

casta1300

to cast outa1300

liverc1330

rescuec1330

wrechec1330

borrowc1350

to put out of ——c1350

to bring awaya1400

redea1400

wreakc1400

rescourec1425

rescousa1450

savec1480

relue1483

salue1484

redeem1488

recovera1500

redressa1500

eschewc1500

rescours1511

to pull (also snatch) out of the fire1526

recourse1533

withtakec1540

redeem1549

vindicate1568

retire1578

repair1591

reprieve1605

to bring off1609

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ix. l. 359 Wallace that has rademyt Scotland.

c1550 Clariodus (1830) v. 852 This knight..Into ane lyoun long was deformat, Quhill King Clariodus..Redeimit him.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. Argt. sig. G5^v Faire virgin to redeeme her deare Brings Arthure to the fight.

1591 King James VI & I Lepanto Chorus Venetis Their netts were sett about, But yet our dearest Father in Heauen, He hath redeemed vs out.

1611 Bible (King James) Isa. l. 2 Is my hande shortened at all, that it cannot redeeme ?

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. v. 88 Leuied an Army, weening to redeeme, And haue install'd me in the Diademe.

1683 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 42 The rout..laid wait for Charlet's comming out of the Castle. He therefore sends a letter to the vice-chancellor to redeem him.

1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Twelfth Bk. Metamorphoses in Fables 431 He thrusts aside The Crowd of Centaurs; and redeems the Bride.

1814 W. Scott in J. Swift Wks. XIX. 368 He redeemed the half-boiled leg of mutton..and carried it with him to Mr Cusack's.

1871 R. Browning Balaustion 55 The man was like some merchant who, in storm, Throws the freight over to redeem the ship.

b. transitive. To rescue, save, or deliver (a person or thing) from (also out of) a particular state or situation.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > rescue or deliverance > rescue or deliver (from) [verb (transitive)]

areddec885

leeseOE

reddOE

winc1220

deliver?c1225

ridc1225

quita1250

betellc1275

casta1300

to cast outa1300

liverc1330

rescuec1330

wrechec1330

borrowc1350

to put out of ——c1350

to bring awaya1400

redea1400

wreakc1400

rescourec1425

rescousa1450

savec1480

relue1483

salue1484

redeem1488

recovera1500

redressa1500

eschewc1500

rescours1511

to pull (also snatch) out of the fire1526

recourse1533

withtakec1540

redeem1549

vindicate1568

retire1578

repair1591

reprieve1605

to bring off1609

1549 R. Crowley Psalter of Dauid cxxx. sig. Ppi For he redemeth Israel, from al his wyckednes: And setteth all his people free, from theyr iniquities.

1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus iii. i. 180 Let me redeeme my brothers both from death.

1611 Bible (King James) Psalms xxv. 22 Redeeme Israel, O God, out of all his Troubles.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 377 Redeem from this Reproach, my wand'ring Ghost.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 67 King James..would often say, ‘that his access to the Crown of England was the more valuable to him, as it redeem'd him from the subjection to the ill manners..of those Preachers’.

1819 P. B. Shelley Julian & Maddalo 332 My creed should have redeemed me from repenting.

1843 E. Miall in Nonconf. 3 209 We trust we have said enough to redeem the voluntary principle from contempt.

1905 Q. Jrnl. Econ. 19 362 The addition made to the income of the poorest people would not be sufficient to redeem them from poverty.

1986 R. J. Hollingdale tr. F. Nietzsche Human, all too Human ii. i There are many things we must leave in the Hades of half-conscious feeling, and not desire to redeem them out of their shadow existence.

1998 W. R. Ward in N. Tyacke England's Long Reformation xi. 289 Charles Wesley redeemed a lost daughter of his from deism and reconciled her with her father.

c. transitive (reflexive). To save oneself; to deliver oneself from a particular state or situation.

ΚΠ

1591 E. Spenser Prosopopoia in Complaints 1331 Arise, and doo thy selfe redeeme from shame.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iv. iii. 501 How faine would I haue hated all mankinde, And thou redeem'st thy selfe.

1702 S. Centlivre Beau's Duel v. 48 Two Days more of this, and I shall grow Mad, or to Redeem my self, dash out my Brains.

1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. l. 225 They redeemed themselves with prayers and promises from their hands.

1833 Sat. Mag. 20 July 24/2 A nightingale being taken in a snare, would redeem herself by three good words.

1861 Danville Q. Rev. June 318 [The nation] has already redeemed itself from the ignomonious fate to which the last Federal Administration had consigned it.

1956 N. J. Dawood tr. Koran lxx. 57 To redeem himself from the torment of that day the sinner will gladly sacrifice his children..if then this might deliver him.

2000 I. F. Osagie Amistad Revolt (2003) vi. 126 The director fails to depict adequately the Africans as active participants in their attempts to redeem themselves from bondage.

d. transitive. To reclaim (land) for cultivation or habitation. Also with from.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > reclaim [verb (transitive)]

ina1387

reclaim1440

improve1523

win1531

mitigate1601

reform1607

stuba1650

regain1652

redeem1671

reduce1726

to bring to1814

to bring in1860

to break in1891

green1967

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [verb (transitive)] > prograde

redeem1671

prograde1909

1671 J. Beale Let. 21 Jan. in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1970) VII. 408 Lands freshly redeemed from ye Sea are most accomodable for Modern Improvements.

1721 J. Perry Acct. Stopping Daggenham Breach 11 Those Levels which are of large extent, and not easy to be redeemed when a Breach is made.

1827 tr. F. C. L. von M. Riedesal Lett. & Mem. relating War Amer. Independence 216 Whole forests are sometimes burnt down, to redeem land for the purposes of agriculture.

1830 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. I. 138 We find evidence that considerable spaces were redeemed from the original ocean and converted into dry land after the chalk was formed.

1918 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 24 161 The population of the uplands..by ditching and diking and draining redeemed a few acres of soil from the reluctant grasp of the sluggish waters.

1961 W. E. Stuermann tr. A. Schweitzer Pilgrimage to Humanity iv. 59 I thought of Goethe, who had his Faust busy at the end redeeming the land from the sea.

1995 N. G. Finkelstein Image & Reality of Israel-Palestine Confl. (2003) iv. 96 The new Jewish settlements were said to have ‘redeemed’ the land; the areas ‘densely populated by Arab villages’ were regarded..‘as though they were empty of inhabitants’.

1999 Afr.-Amer. Rev. 33 396/1 Land redeemed from the swamp.

a. transitive. To restore, bring, or elevate (a person or thing) into (also to) a particular condition or state. Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > a thing to or into previous condition

reversec1350

reforma1393

recover1393

converta1425

reduce?a1425

revolve1431

returnc1436

recure?1440

remayne1481

relieve1483

redressc1500

restaur1508

reprieve?1567

recollect1606

redeem1613

regain1624

to bring back1662

re-reducea1676

the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restoration of a person > [verb (transitive)]

uprighta1340

to bring to (one's) statea1387

restorea1387

remount?c1400

reducec1425

redraw1480

reintegrate1495

restitutec1503

repair?1521

revocate1527

recall1567

redintegrate1578

rehabilitate1580

refetch1599

revindicate1609

re-estate1611

uprighten1618

redintegrate1622

restate1625

redeem1686

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xi. l. 1068 For goddis saik radeym ws anys to grace And tak the croun.

1566 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure I. To Rdr. sig. ¶¶iii Certayne [stories] haue I culled out of the Decamerone..that be worthy to be condempned to perpetuall prison, but of them suche haue I redemed to the liberty of our vulgar, as may be best liked.

1594 J. Smythe Certen Instr. Militarie 215 The Cantonnes and confederate people of Suitzerland..did take armes, and by battle and victorie..redeeme and reduce themselues into a ciuill and popular State.

1613 Middleton (title) The triumphs of Truth... Directed, written, and redeem'd into forme, from the ignorance of some former times.

1686 J. Norris Let. in Theory & Regulation Love (1688) 203 As to the redeeming us into the ability of closing with what is discern'd best.

1754 T. Sherlock Several Disc. preached at Temple Church I. v. 185 Our blessed Master has abolished Death, and redeemed us into the glorious Liberty of the Sons of God.

a1767 W. Farington Serm. Important Subj. (1769) vii. 165 We are fallen creatures: a Divine person thought it necessary to redeem us into a better state.

1843 Christian Examiner & Gen. Rev. Sept. 127 A thorough beating up of the haunts of the wretched, a pursuing and finding them in their own homes, and almost by violence redeeming them into the Kingdom of God.

1858 F. T. Palgrave Passionate Pilgrim ii. 56 The predominance of Love..is the one feature that redeems it into any ideal beauty.

1949 Hispania 32 313 The later palomillas are redeemed into honesty and respectability.

1991 R. Seelye in J. London White Fang & Call of Wild (new ed.) Introd. p. xvii Buck is never redeemed back into the human family.

b. transitive. To restore to a former good state or condition; to set right again.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 7b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > amending > put right [verb (transitive)]

helpc950

amendc1230

bootc1330

correctc1374

menda1375

recovera1398

dighta1400

restorea1400

redressa1402

recurec1425

remedyc1425

remeidc1480

emendc1485

richa1500

rightena1500

chastisea1513

rectifya1529

redeem1575

salve1575

remed1590

reclaim1593

renew1608

retrieve1625

recruit1673

raccommode1754

splice1803

doctor1829

remediate1837

right-side1847

sort1948

the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)]

recovera1382

recurea1382

reparela1382

instore1382

store1387

restorec1390

redressc1405

repeal1479

rectifya1529

restauratea1538

redeem1575

instaurate1583

upright1601

upseta1652

reficiate1657

rehabilitate1663

retrieve1665

re-establish1706

re-rail1914

rehab1961

1575 G. Gascoigne Hundred Flowers in Wks. 28 Hee wyll redeeme our deadly drowping state.

1760 J. Hanway Candid Hist. Acct. Hosp. (ed. 2) iii. 30 It was a proof of their wisdom to..support the poor, that they might have a chance of redeeming their fortunes.

1813 W. Scott Rokeby i. 30 With his barbed horse..Stout Cromwell has redeemed the day.

1895 N.Y. Times 13 Sept. 1/3 Employes of the newspaper began clearing away the wreck on the floor above the pressrooms and the compositors and writers were endeavoring to redeem the situation.

1924 A. Nevins Amer. States during & after Revol. (1927) ix. 393 By these recessions from a vindictive measure, South Carolina in some measure redeemed her reputation for a generous chivalry.

1980 News & Observer (Raleigh, N. Carolina) 28 Oct. 4/1 An old East Dallas neighborhood being redeemed by a flood of new residents.

2007 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 26 Feb. 27 The beleaguered Vodafone chief executive, has made a bold attempt to redeem his sagging reputation with a £5.6bn deal to buy a controlling stake in Hutchison Essar.

a. transitive. To buy back (a former possession); to make payment for (a thing held or claimed by another). Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > buying > buy [verb (transitive)] > buy back

redeema1500

repurchase1533

rebuy1611

retreat?c1682

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) ii. l. 365 Off Egipte al þe tenendreis He redemyt þaim agayn, And maid þaim to the kynge demayn.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Lev. xxv. 25 Then shall he redeme that his brother solde.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 339 Thair was the peace maid, and with a smal soume redeimet the hail Jles.

1627 Hist. Fryer Bacon sig. B3 I..lent him money, not onely to buy him victuals, but also to redeeme his lands and pay his debts.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xli. 262 He that redeemeth, hath no title to the thing redeemed, before the Redemption.

1710 H. Prideaux Orig. & Right Tithes ii. 80 The Firstling of the Ass which was to be redeemed with a Lamb.

1746 tr. F. de S. de la M. Fénelon Lett. to Duke of Burgundy iii. 12 His expences tho' very great were so well regulated, that he redeem'd all his crown-lands.

1833 A. T. Malkin Gallery of Portraits I. 127 The Florentines, proud of such a countryman, had redeemed his paternal property, and earnestly invited him to dwell in his own land.

1838 W. Bell Dict. Law Scotl. 828 Rights of reversion..must be exercised within forty years from the time at which the proprietor is allowed to redeem.

1903 Jrnl. Semitic Langs. & Lit. 19 145 The punctuators..thought the field must have been sold already, that the Goël must redeem it and thus restore the ground to the family of which he is a part.

2001 E. U. Alexander Notorious Woman i. 15 Coxe journeyed to the island, redeemed his ship, and gave command to Davis.

b. transitive. To regain, recover (an immaterial thing).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > again or back

acovera1225

covera1300

gain-covera1300

to get againc1380

recovera1387

becoverc1400

recounsel?a1425

recurea1425

win1489

redeem1526

readept1537

rehave1541

recuperate1542

regain1548

reobtain1579

retire1584

reget1585

to get back1587

retrieve1589

reprise1590

reprocure1590

reattain1595

relieve1596

recompassc1604

reacquire1627

reacquist1635

recruit1656

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Diii^v Who may redeme grace or recouer it, whan he hath loste it?

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 v. iv. 47 Thou hast redeemed thy lost opinion.

1646 J. Hall Horæ Vacivæ 82 He would redeeme (if possible) his health with the losse of halfe his Learning.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 107 Then, to redeem his Honour at a blow, He moves his Camp.

1702 J. Dunton Hist. Living Men viii. 107 Thus he redeems that Honour on the Shore which in former years we had like to have lost at Sea.

?1754 Mock Monarchs I. xix. 220 [They] redeemed their Honour, changed the face of things, and only made their Foes pay dearer for their Victories.

1833 Ann. Biogr. & Obituary 17 240 It was now too late..to redeem the health that had fled.

1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate II. vii. 171 If this friend..had since redeemed, or in part redeemed, her position by a second marriage.

1931 Trans. Royal Hist. Soc. 14 81 An agitation by certain powerful persons to redeem their family honour and to secure full restitution of rights.

1990 R. M. Polhemus Erotic Faith viii. 212 Being in love..at least gives her the chance..to redeem the integrity she lost in marrying Kennedy.

c. transitive. To regain, recover by force (a person or thing).Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 5.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > seizing > seize [verb (transitive)] > with violence or forcibly

reaveeOE

latchc950

seize1338

rape?1387

wrestc1426

extort1529

redeema1578

wreathe1590

force1602

extend1610

wrencha1616

the mind > possession > taking > seizing > seize [verb (transitive)] > with violence or forcibly > back

rescue1540

redeema1578

a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) II. 34 The gowernor..disolvit the seasing and redemit all the landis that war conquerit be Ingland in winning of the feild.

1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 clxvii. 43 The toils of war we must endure, And, from thInjurious Dutch redeem the Seas.

1749 T. Smollett Regicide iv. ix. 62 The Sword of Stuart was already drawn To sacrifice my Daughter, when Dunbar..interpos'd, Redeem'd the trembling Victim, and repelled His Rival's Fury on his hapless Head.

a1771 T. Gray Imit. Propertius in Wks. (1884) I. 153 Redeem, what Crassus lost, and vindicate his name.

1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake v. 200 The Gael, of plain and river heir, Shall, with strong hand, redeem his share.

1822 S. Hibbert Descr. Shetland Islands ii. 204 His own patrimony had been much wasted by riotous expences, and these he sought to redeem by fraud and violence.

1967 M. F. Nims tr. Geoffrey of Vinsauf in O. B. Hardison & L. Golden Horace for Students of Lit. (1995) ii. 106 Shamefully was I seized long ago, and I am not yet wrested back, not yet redeemed by the sword.

1997 M. H. Davidson tr. F. de Oviedo in Columbus Then & Now xiii. 396 [He] not forgetting the imprisonment of his brother decided to go and redeem him by force of arms, going with the intent of taking all of the Christians that he could.

8. transitive. To free from an obligation or claim. Frequently with from. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > be exempt from (a liability or obligation) [verb (transitive)] > free from obligation

freeeOE

unbind1297

quitclaima1325

acquit1340

excuse1340

loose1340

releasec1350

assoil1366

soilc1384

dischargea1387

quita1387

relieve1416

absoil1440

deliver1440

acquittance1448

quiet1450

acquiet1453

absolve?a1475

defease1475

skill1481

relax1511

redeema1513

exoner1533

exonerate1548

solvec1550

distask1592

disgage1594

upsolve1601

disoblige1603

disengage1611

to get off1623

exclude1632

supersedea1644

to let off1814

to let out1869

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccvi. f. cxxvi^v He..redemed the Scole of Saxons, fre of all former trybute.

1706 G. L. Noble & Renowned Hist. G. Earl of Warwick 155 I overcome him in the Field, and slew him dead right valliantly; Where I the Land did then redeem From Danish Tribute utterly.

1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 178 The clergy in the old provinces did not pay the capitation; but they had redeemed themselves at the expence of about 24 millions.

1852 E. Smith Inq. Scriptual & Anc. Servitude i. 39 In the establishing of the Aaronic priesthood the first-born was to be redeemed from the claim of the patriarchal priesthood.

1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. xviii. 210 It would almost seem as if a yearly tribute of thirty pounds..redeemed the borough from all claims.

1994 Amer. Jrnl. Compar. Law 42 498 The holder of the land could redeem it from the obligation to make annual payments or payments on sale.

†9.

a. transitive. To obtain by purchase, to buy. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > buying > buy [verb (transitive)]

cheapc950

buyc1000

takea1382

purchasec1390

costa1400

coffc1425

redeem?1520

cope1570

fetch1605

shop1944

?1520 A. Barclay tr. Sallust Cron. Warre agaynst Iugurth xvii. f. 24^v This Iugurth redemed of Calphurnius, but onely delayng and deferryng of the warre.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxxv The tyme woulde come, wherin they would wyshe to haue redemed his frendshyp derely.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 693 The emperour must in many things yeeld to the requests of the French king, and redeeme his good will.

1645 T. Fuller Good Thoughts in Bad Times iii. ii. 132 But aged Folk..will find it harder and dearer, to redeem this, the last Volume, then if they had been Chapmen for all three at the first.

1729 S. Madden Themistocles ii. i. 23 With half my Realms, I would redeem your Friendship.

1766 J. Entick New Hist. London I. 142 He demanded a very large sum by way of ransom, i.e. to redeem the king's favour, which was called a tallage.

b. transitive. poetic. To go in exchange for. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > exchange > exchange, change for [verb (transitive)] > give in exchange

redeem1575

change1609

1575 U. Fulwell Flower of Fame 42 If that death might life redeeme, and life were bought with death: Ten thousande to restore your lyfe, woulde render vytall breath.

1599 T. Storer Life & Death Wolsey sig. C^v For thee thy toiling oxen ioyne in teeme, And after with their death thy life redeeme.

1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida v. sig. I3^v Oh that my life..Would but redeeme one minute of his breath!

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. v. 108 Would some part of my young yeeres Might but redeeme the passage of your Age.

1682 M. Coppinger Poems, Songs & Love-verses 44 But O that yet my life cou'd thine redeem, My Soul shou'd vanish as of no esteem.

10. transitive. To make the best use of (time); to prevent (time) from being lost or wasted.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > spending time > spend time or allow time to pass [verb (transitive)] > save or spare time

redeem1526

steal1526

spare1548

save?1556

behusband?a1639

retrieve1688

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Coloss. iv. 5 Walke wysely to them that are with out, and redeme the tyme.

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. ii. 214 Redeeming time when men thinke least I wil.

1621 H. Wotton Let. in Archaeologia (1866) 40 277 It hath been thought fitt to redeeme some of the tyme..by resummoning the Parlament.

1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. xvii. sig. Gg8 That precious Time, which no sum..can either purchase or redeem.

1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the Second 9 Redeem we Time?—Its loss we dearly buy.

1781 W. Cowper Retirem. 561 Not to redeem his time, but his estate.

1836 Sc. Christian Herald 13 Aug. 377/2 We redeem the time, when we avoid all those causes of interruption in God's work, by which our precious time is wasted.

1880 J. F. Clarke Self-culture (1889) iii. 78 He worked, not by faith, but by sight,..with indefatigable energy, redeeming the time.

1962 C. Emery World Dylan Thomas (1968) 2 On the train to London, he monopolizes the lavatory for hours, redeeming the time by ripping and flushing away names and addresses of people in London who could be of use to him.

2002 S. Edwards & K. Mathews New Doors in Ministry to Women ii. vii. 119 Those who are..interested in community need to redeem time and accomplish something!

11.

a. transitive. Of a quality, action, etc.: to make up for, compensate for, counterbalance (a failing, defect, or fault).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > make equal [verb (transitive)] > compensate or make up for

restorea1325

to make good1389

boot1393

rewarda1398

supplya1398

to make up1472

upset1513

to fetch again1535

redeem1590

balance1594

pay1596

unpay1600

to make out1610

requitea1613

to pay home1625

encourage1628

compensate1646

compensate1656

reprise1662

to take up1662

to fetch up1665

to pay off1717

indemnify1750

to bring up arrears1788

equalize1866

reparate1956

1590 Sir P. Sidney Covntesse of Pembrokes Arcadia ii. xxii. f. 200 Extreamely faultie; and yet having no good thing to redeeme both these.

1606 No-body & Some-body sig. E2^v The wrongs that you haue seene In me, my future vertues shall redeeme.

a1627 J. Beaumont Bosworth-field (1629) 7 Then doubled haste redeemes his former pause.

1693 J. Dryden tr. Juvenal in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires iv. 57 A Monster, to whom every Vice lays claim Without one Virtue to redeem his Fame.

1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. xlviii. 27 His want of virtue was not redeemed by any superior talents.

a1826 W. Gifford Ford's Plays (1827) I. Introd. 15 There is nothing to redeem the absurdity of the plot.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People ii. §6. 87 His bravery had redeemed much of his earlier ill-fame.

1928 Hamilton (Ohio) Evening Jrnl. 10 May There was an intensity in his voice which redeemed the arrogance of his manner.

1962 G. Harkness in F. H. Littell Reformation Stud. 14 I cannot say there was no drudgery about it, but the drudgery was redeemed by an interest that made it worthful.

2008 Publishers Weekly (Nexis) 11 Feb. 54 An intriguing setting and well-developed characters partially redeem the weak story line.

b. transitive. To save (a person or thing) from a failing, defect, or fault. Frequently with from.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > amending > put right [verb (transitive)] > specific any evil condition > a thing or person from an evil condition

healc825

wholeOE

redeema1616

a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) iv. iii. 276 He hath out-villain'd villanie so farre, that the raritie redeemes him.

1781 W. Cowper Table Talk 664 A spark, Sufficient to redeem the modern race From total night and absolute disgrace.

1833 E. Bulwer-Lytton Godolphin II. xiii. 226 His ambition made Augustus odious: his occasional forgetfulness of ambition alone redeems him.

1842 Ld. Tennyson Morte d'Arthur in Poems (new ed.) II. 17 Perhaps some modern touches here and there Redeem'd it from the charge of nothingness.

1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. xxix. 334 A blank ceiling is not to be redeemed by a decorated ventilator.

1922 G. K. Chesterton Man who knew too Much i. 11 Something deep and even cavernous about the setting of the eyes redeemed his animal good looks from the commonplace.

1969 Amer. Hist. Rev. 75 609 Unfortunately, the author's good intentions do not redeem the book from numerous scholarly defects.

2004 T. E. Barlow Question of Women in Chinese Feminism iv. 143 Zhiqing finally has enough sense to fall in love with Chengshu and sleep with her, which apparently redeems her somewhat in the narrator's view.

12. transitive (reflexive). To restore one's good reputation or moral character; to make amends.

ΚΠ

1632 tr. Swedish Discipline ii. 54 Who euer flings away his Armes..shalbe..enforced to make the streets cleane: vntil they redeeme themselues by some worthy exploit doing.

1704 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. x. 86 An opportunity to redeem themselves in the Eyes of the world, and to undo some part of the mischief they had done.

1786 J. Burgoyne Heiress iii. ii. 60 How shall I redeem myself, even in my own opinion?

1828 Ann. Reg. 14/1 He seemed anxious to redeem himself by some act that would look like an assertion of independence.

1897 J. Conrad Let. 12 Mar. (1956) 93 The man who can't appreciate the perversity of the Spoils of P. must redeem himself by the most rectilinear truthfulness.

1938 Times 10 Dec. 7/7 I admit that I have had a bad past, but for the last three and a half years I have been straight. I have redeemed myself.

1957 J. Lake & H. Giblo Footlights, Fistfights & Femmes 55 Either her conscience hurt her, or she wanted to redeem herself in the eyes of her fellow actors.

2007 Observer (Nexis) 23 Sept. (Sport section) 18 Marcel Seip redeemed himself for his own goal by scoring in the right net.

†13. transitive. To gain, reach (a place). Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1648 R. Herrick Hesperides sig. N8^v By Many..a crosse-Track they redeem a bank of mosse Spungie and swelling.

14.

a. transitive. Finance. Of an issuer: to repay (a stock, bond, or other security), esp. at the maturity date. Of a holder: to cash in (a stock, bond, or other security).

ΚΠ

1720 Impartial Enq. Value South-Sea Stock 7 The Premium will by degrees abate, as the Term expires, and the Time of redeeming the Stock draws nearer.

1796 N. Vansittart Inq. State of Finances Great Brit. 34 It would have been the business of the Commissioners to redeem the Stock which bore the highest rate.

1848 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 III. ix. 504 A guarantee fund, which..should be sufficient at the end of that term to redeem the annuity at the rate proposed.

1895 Amer. Mag. Civics Jan. 22 Our paper currency has value simply because of popular confidence in the government's honesty and ability to redeem its bills fully and completely.

1942 Amer. Econ. Rev. 32 465 It is probable that many small holders will redeem their bonds in order to purchase durable consumer goods.

1984 A. S. Carron in R. E. Caves & L. B. Krause Austral. Econ. 213 Some seasonal government securities are redeemed as these payments are made, but the full effect of the tax payments is not offset.

2008 Sun (Nexis) 18 Jan. Boyd received a letter from Coia saying the companies would redeem the shares and he would be sent a promissory note.

b. transitive. Originally U.S. Of a holder: to exchange (trading stamps, coupons, etc.) for (also in) goods, a discount, or money. Of an issuer or business: to honour (trading stamps, coupons, etc.) in this way. Also occasionally intransitive.

ΚΠ

1897 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 14 Dec. 5/1 All stamps are redeemed by the Stamp Company, and every person who presents the required amount of trading stamps receives their choice of any article.

1899 Mansfield (Ohio) News 21 Dec. 5/1 The stamp harpy proposes to redeem his stamps in cheap curios, ceramics and bric-a-brac.

1915 Lit. Digest 5 June 1363/1 Last year there were over $100,000,000 worth of coupons, trading-stamps, and similar premium-giving devices sold. On this vast amount there were only ten to twelve million dollars' worth redeemed.

1989 Guardian 23 June 25/4 Public confidence in the stamp empires was growing, reflected in a tendency to redeem later for that more valuable item..rather than trade in quick.

1990 Wall St. Jrnl. (Electronic ed.) 1 June b1 [He] hammered United with complaints after it refused to redeem the $35-off coupons.

2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 23 Nov. c8/3 [She]..was preparing to redeem her frequent-flier miles on Northwest Airlines for a vacation to Hawaii .

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	redeem
释义	† redeemn. Forms: pre-1700 radem. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: redeem v. Etymology: < redeem v. Compare earlier redeeming n., redemption n. Scottish. Obsolete. rare. The act of redeeming; redemption. ΚΠ 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xi. l. 1019 The Roman bukis at than was in Scotland He gart be brocht..And but radem thai brynt thaim thar Ilkan. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2021). redeemv. Brit. /rᵻˈdiːm/, U.S. /rəˈdim/, /riˈdim/ Forms: late Middle English reydeme, late Middle English–1500s redeme, 1500s redem, 1500s redime, 1500s–1600s redeame, 1500s–1600s redeeme, 1500s– redeem; Scottish pre-1700 radem, pre-1700 rademe, pre-1700 radeym, pre-1700 radeyme, pre-1700 redeam, pre-1700 redeeme, pre-1700 redeeme (past participle, perhaps transmission error), pre-1700 redeim, pre-1700 redeime, pre-1700 redem, pre-1700 redeme, pre-1700 redeyme, pre-1700 redime, pre-1700 1700s– redeem. N.E.D. (1904) also records a form late Middle English redem. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French redemer; Latin redimere. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman (rare) redemer, Middle French redimer (French rédimer ) (of God or Christ) to deliver (a person or soul) from sin and its consequences (end of the 14th cent.; for the earlier Anglo-Norman and Old French verb, see raim v.), to get rid of (a burden or obligation) by making a payment (1439), to recover (a thing put in pledge) by paying an amount due (15th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), to ransom (a person) from slavery, captivity, or punishment (a1506 or earlier), to make good (a loss) (1572), to save (oneself) from trouble (1573) and its etymon classical Latin redimere to buy back, to recover by purchase, to buy up, to make good, to pay the cost of, to fulfil (a promise), to make up or atone for, to contract for, to procure the release of (a person) by payment, to ransom, to buy (someone out of a predicament), to rescue, save, to get rid of by monetary concessions, buy off, in post-classical Latin also (of God or Christ) to deliver from sin and its consequences (Vulgate) < red- , variant (before a vowel) of re- re- prefix + emere to buy (see emption n.). Compare Old Occitan redemer , rezemer , Spanish redimir (1155; also †redemir ), Portuguese redimir (1538 in past participle redemido ), Italian redimere (13th cent.). Compare earlier raim v., which is ultimately from the same Latin verb (see below). Compare also redempt adj., earlier ransom v., and later redemp v.In sense 10, after the New Testament passages Ephesians 5:16 and Colossians 4:5, in which the Vulgate has post-classical Latin tempus redimentes , translating Hellenistic Greek ἐξαγοραζόμενοι τὸν καιρόν . The vowel of the second syllable (Middle English and Older Scots close ē ) is probably due to the influence of the Latin perfect tense (compare the Latin 3rd person singular perfect tense redēmit ). Compare exeme v., expreme v. The retention of e as opposed to i was probably reinforced by analogy with (short) e in redemption n., redempt adj., redemptor n. raim v. reflects a medieval French popular phonological development of classical Latin redimere. See further Französisches etymol. Wörterbuch at redimere. 1. Theology. Esp. of God or Christ: to deliver (a person, a soul, etc.) from sin or damnation. Cf. ransom v. 1a. a. transitive. With preposition, as from, to, unto, etc. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > salvation, redemption > save, redeem [verb (transitive)] aleseOE abyeOE buyc1175 washc1175 winc1220 salvea1225 savec1225 forbuyc1315 ransomc1350 signc1350 again-buya1382 forechoosea1400 gain-buy1435 redeemc1438 pre-elect1561 sa'1604 electa1617 unsina1631 c1438 Bk. Margery Kempe (1940) ii. 246 (MED) Thorw þe vertu of hys Passyon sufferyng & hys precyows blod schedyng, sche was redemyd fro euyr-lestyng peyne. a1500 in F. J. Furnivall Polit., Relig., & Love Poems (1903) 112 (MED) The hevynly kyng enteryd thy close virgynall, Man to redeme from dedely synne. 1557 Bible (Whittingham) Rev. v. 9 Thou wast killed, and hast redemed vs to God by thy bloude. 1624 R. Montagu Gagg for New Gospell? xxv. 201 Iacob saith, Gen. 48. 16. The Angell which redeemed mee (you read, deliuereth mee) from all euill, blesse these Lads: where, first, you bely your owne reading. 1651 R. Baxter Plain Script. Proof Infants Church-membership & Baptism 28 He hath redeemed us from our bondage. 1729 W. Law Serious Call x. 141 To redeem souls unto God, to fill Heaven with saints. 1754 C. Wesley Hymns (ed. 3) xxxii A slave redeem'd from death, and sin. a1817 T. Dwight Theol. (1819) V. clxi. 376 You are the very sinners, whom he came to redeem from the sins of this life, and the sorrows of that which is to come. 1866 Boston Rev. Oct. 485 Is not the church a thing to be used..in redeeming this world to Christ? 1908 P. T. Forsyth Missions in State & Church 271 We owe ourselves..to the eternal God redeeming us to His eternal self in Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. 1960 C. D. Freeman tr. A. D. R. Polman Barth iii. 48 The meaning and goal of the life of the elect is not that they are redeemed from sin..but that they are chosen to be a witness of Christ's election in the world. 2002 New Statesman 25 Nov. 58/2 The resulting ecological catastrophe was simply our way of giving thanks to the Christ-child for having redeemed us from all such mistakes. b. transitive. Without construction. Also intransitive. ΚΠ c1450 (c1415) in W. O. Ross Middle Eng. Serm. (1940) 316 (MED) The secound commyng..was at þis tyme vhen þat he com to redeme man. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1869) II. 231 (MED) So mony generaciones were betwene Lamech and Criste, which redemede mankynde. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ii. l. 183 Bot thow rademe, na liff thai ordand me. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 262 Thow that on rude ws ransounit and redemit. 1558 C. Goodman How Superior Powers 233 Subiecte your selues whollye to God: for he hath redemed you. 1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter i. xvi. 295 Mankind had not beene redeemed, unlesse the word of God had beene hominified. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xli. 262 Our Saviour..was not King of those that he Redeemed, before hee suffered death. 1715 D. Defoe Family Instructor I. i. i. 21 God manifested in the flesh, sent from Heaven to redeem a lost World. 1781 W. Cowper Truth 279 A soul redeemed demands a life of praise. 1827 R. Pollok Course of Time II. x. 240 The others, who refused to be redeemed,—They stand, unsanctified. 1860 Home, School & Church 10 165 For did not Christ redeem the whole man? 1900 Daily Iowa Capital 7 Mar. 5/5 We are redeemed by His blood. 1959 L. A. Fiedler Jew in Amer. Novel ii. 32 The challenge to an unbelieved-in God to redeem Williamsburg at the end of Fuchs' first novel. 1996 J. E. Parker in J. C. Hawley Through Glass Darkly vi. 111 Adam fell and Christ redeems. 2004 S. Miller Women in Mark's Gospel xi. 175 Jesus redeems human beings and inaugurates the new age through his death on the cross. 2. a. transitive. Of a person: to make amends or atonement for (an error, sin, or failing). ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > reform, amendment, or correction > atonement > atone for [verb (transitive)] beetc897 i-bye10.. abyelOE answer?a1300 buya1300 amendc1300 mendc1330 forbuy1340 redressa1387 answera1400 byea1400 filla1400 peasea1400 ransoma1400 to pay for——c1400 recompense?a1439 abidea1450 satisfyc1460 redeema1464 repaira1513 syth1513 reconcile1535 acquit1567 dispense1590 assoil1596 propitiate1610 expiatea1626 atone1661 retrievea1679 a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 106 He warned þe king, as Daniel ded Nabugodonosor, to redeme his sinnes with elmesse. a1500 Craft of Deyng (Cambr. Kk.1.5) in R. Girvan Ratis Raving & Other Early Scots Poems (1939) 168 To Radem the trespas that adam and Eue commytyt in paradice. 1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Cviij^v Yf any man wound another..he redemeth thoffence. 1630 H. Lord Display Two Forraigne Sects Introd. The President, was urgent with me, to redeeme their omissions. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 214 Which of ye will be mortal to redeem Mans mortal crime? View more context for this quotation a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 257 They will labour to redeem all that is pass'd by turning..violently against them. a1794 E. Gibbon Antiq. House of Brunswick in Misc. Wks. (1796) II. 669 The naked heir might often complain, that his father's sins had been redeemed at too high a price. 1834 Southern Literary Messenger Oct. 59/2 He hastened to redeem his error. 1870 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (ed. 2) I. App. 743 Snorro makes him redeem former misdeeds by saving Cnut when in great danger. 1912 Daily Courier (Connellsville, Pa.) 27 Dec. 7/7 Oswald will hear nothing against Orlando. He says that he has redeemed his fault. 1952 C. Day Lewis tr. Virgil Aeneid i. 14 Next time, I shall not let you so lightly redeem your sins. 1985 Amer. Econ. Rev. 75 8/2 The right time to act was of course in November, but when that opportunity was missed it was not easy..to redeem the error. b. transitive. To make good (a loss). ΚΠ a1576 Lady Abergavenny Praiers in T. Bentley et al. Monument of Matrones (1582) ii. 162 Thou sparedst not thy most pretious bloud to redeeme the losse of our first father Adam. a1627 J. Beaumont Bosworth-field (1629) 3 If some resistlesse strength my cause should crosse, Feare will increase, and not redeeme the losse. 1645 J. Milton On Christ's Nativity: Hymn xvi, in Poems 8 The Babe..That on the bitter cross Must redeem our loss. 1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. lvi. 223 The Squire..wrecked his vengeance on the cards, which he..committed to the flames with many execrations; threatning to make us redeem our loss with a large glass and a quick circulation. 1786 M. A. Meilan tr. A. Berquin Children's Friend XV. 136 I could wish, indeed, I had sufficient to redeem my loss. 1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. v. v. 528 The English were eager to redeem by a victory the loss of Trincomalee. 1888 Morning Oregonian (Portland, Oregon) 4 June 8/2 If the visitors had any hope of redeeming their loss when they came to bat in the ninth they were mistaken. 1938 E. Cowling Co-operatives in Amer. ix. 126 Losses totaling $150,000 were incurred. But conservative management slowly redeemed the loss. 1980 Times 20 Dec. 14/2 God the Father had redeemed the loss of grace mankind had suffered as a result of the first Adam's fall. 2006 T. P. Anderson Performing Early Mod. Trauma i. 2 Elizabeth's birth as the moment of transcendence that redeems all loss that came before. †c. transitive. To avenge, repay (a wrong). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute (vengeance) [verb (transitive)] > avenge (an injury or injured person) wreakc825 awreak1048 righta1275 wrackc1275 wrakec1275 venge1303 bewreakc1325 avenge1377 hevena1400 sella1400 revengec1425 countervenge1523 wrecka1593 redeem1598 vindicate1623 to pay off1749 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. ii. 132 I will redeeme all this on Percies head. View more context for this quotation 3. a. To ransom (a person) from slavery, captivity, or punishment; to save (a person's life) by paying a ransom. (a) transitive. With preposition or (occasionally) adverb of direction, as from, out of, to, home, etc. ΚΠ 1465 Gregory's Will in J. Gairdner Hist. Coll. Citizen London (1876) p. xlvii (MED) The residue of all my goodes..I gif to myn executours..to thentent that they dispose it..in acquiting and redemyng of prisoners oute of the prisons in London. 1508 J. Fisher Treat. Penyt. Psalmes sig. xx.iiii In his treasoure hous is rychesse innumerable, wherwith..he may redeme all y^e world from the prysone & captyuyte of y^e deuyll. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. iii. 85 Shall our coffers then Be emptied, to redeeme a traitor home? View more context for this quotation 1611 Bible (King James) Deut. vii. 8 The Lord..redeemed you out of the house of bondmen, from the hand of Pharaoh. View more context for this quotation 1686 A. Horneck Crucified Jesus xvii. 471 He that redeems a slave out of Turkish captivity [etc.]. 1729 W. Law Serious Call xiii. 216 To redeem a prisoner out of jayl. 1761 F. Sheridan Mem. Miss Sidney Bidulph II. 205 That very brother whom Mr. Arnold had redeemed from a gaol and peril of hanging. 1856 F. L. Olmsted Journey Slave States 282 It was, for a long time, generally expected..that the State would thus be redeemed to freedom. 1932 J. F. Rippy Hist. Evol. Hispanic Amer. vii. 128 King Sebastian had forbidden the enslavement of any Indians save those captured in a just war or redeemed from captivity among other tribes. 1975 M. Kammen Colonial N.Y. vi. 156 Fletcher's broadside soliciting contributions to redeem Christians from slavery in Morocco. 1990 C. G. Calloway Western Abenakis of Vermont (1994) i. 30 He redeemed one child from Bécancour, but the St. Francis Abenakis refused to release two other children. (b) transitive. Without construction. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > ransom > [verb (transitive)] acquit?c1225 raim?c1225 to buy out1297 borrowa1300 ransoma1382 to put (a person) to (his or her) finance1418 raquite1454 loose1473 redeem?a1475 overbuya1525 redempa1525 remerce1559 reescate1645 ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1871) III. 429 Darius..sende lettres to kynge Alexander that he myȝhte redeme [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. ransome; L. redimere] men taken in captiuite with hes goodes. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 70 The weir is gon,..The ransoun maid, the presoneris redemit. a1525 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1923) I. 231/16 The erll..redemit his cosing and restorit him to his lordschip. a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iv. iv. 84 I sent you Monie to redeeme you, By Dromio heere. View more context for this quotation 1639 P. Massinger Unnaturall Combat v. ii. sig. K4^v The Turkish Empire offer'd for his ransome Should not redeeme his life. a1711 T. Ken Preparatives for Death in Wks. (1721) IV. 101 The Christians, Slaves to Pagans sold, Whom he redeem'd with Gold. 1785 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) I. 477 In order to justify ourselves for undertaking to redeem you, without orders. 1810 P. S. Du Ponceau tr. C. Van Bynkershoek Treat. Law of War iii. 20 Prisoners of war, if they are not redeemed, are very often released, even without a ransom. 1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin II. xix. 31 His mistress is going to send down money to redeem him. a1924 S. Dill Rom. Society in Gaul (1926) iii. ii. 427 S. Geneviève..braved all the perils of that stormy time to redeem the captive or bring food to a famishing town. 1998 Rocky Mountain News (Denver) 8 Feb. a64/1 The Swiss-based charity has made more than a dozen risky, clandestine bush flights to southern Sudan to redeem 800 slaves since 1995. b. transitive (reflexive). To free oneself from slavery, captivity, or punishment by paying a ransom. Also with construction. ΚΠ ?1549 R. Wyer tr. C. de Pisan C. Hyst. Troye sig. k6^v Where as he was solde, by his synne to the enemye of hell, and had not where with to redeme hym selfe... And the sonne sayd. Take me for thy Raunsome and redeme thy selfe by me. 1599 R. Hakluyt tr. Friar Ordoricus in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 58 Whomsoeuer of their foes they take in battel not being able to ransom himselfe for money, they presently deuoure him: but if he be able to redeeme himselfe for money, they let him go free. 1643 R. Baker Chron. Kings of Eng. i. 113 One Abraham, found a Delinquent, redeemes himselfe for seven hundred Markes. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 301 He had been a slave 9 years, then redeemed himself. 1729 J. Hippisley Flora ii. ii. 28 If ever you wou'd redeem your self or me from eternal Bondage, be kind, and fly into the Arms of Liberty. 1837 L. R. Sunderland Anti-slavery Man. (ed. 2) viii. 45 Jewish servants..could be redeemed or redeem themselves at any time. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 657 He was therefore suffered to redeem himself by giving a bond for forty thousand pounds. 1921 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 51 373 Among the Sungu and the Olemba many Batetela tribesmen are in a state of slavery. These..allow their slaves to redeem themselves, for slaves may own property everywhere. 1990 J. Sumption Hundred Years War (1999) I. xiv. 511 Some of the lesser prisoners redeemed themselves quite quickly. But the greater ones were destined to spend several years in captivity. 4. a. transitive. To free, recover (mortgaged property, something put in pledge, etc.) by payment of an amount due or by fulfilment of an obligation. Also figurative. Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > borrowing money > borrow money [verb (transitive)] > pawn > redeem from pawn or pledge to pledge out1446 raquite1454 redeem1474 to take out of wed1483 in-borrow1541 inquit1541 disimpawn1631 society > trade and finance > buying > buy [verb (transitive)] > buy back > from pawn repledge1479 unpawn1579 repawn1641 redeem1793 1474 in J. Robertson Illustr. Topogr. & Antiq. Aberdeen & Banff (1857) III. 527 To..frie and redeim all and sundry my landis. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vi. l. 86 Thow sall los a gage Quhilk neuir in erd sall be redemyt agayne. 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Repignero, to quite or redeme a pledge or gage. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 856 He redemed the Marques Dorcet, and Sir John Bourchier whome he hadde left as pledges at Paris for money there before borowed. 1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. vi. 266 They are constrained to lay their sonnes to gage, and then goe rob and rifle trauellers to redeeme them againe. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 ii. iii. 8 My honor is at pawne, And but my going, nothing can redeeme it. View more context for this quotation 1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. 159 They will allow the mortgagor at any reasonable time to re-call or redeem his estate. 1793 J. Nichols in J. Boswell Principal Corrections Life Johnson 36 Dr. Johnson collected a sum of money to redeem his friend's clothes, which in two days after were pawned again. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake vi. 284 To him thy woes, thy wishes, bring; He will redeem his signet ring. 1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) IV. 387 On a bill by a mortgagee, to redeem or foreclose. 1861 M. Pattison in Westm. Rev. Apr. 411 The Crown jewels had been pledged... Edward was not in a condition to redeem them. 1925 Yale Law Jrnl. 34 905 Actions to redeem real or personal property from mortgage or lien. 1960 Blackwood's Mag. July 74 I can only hope that..he will redeem one of the innumerable suits he assures me he has in pawn all over the world. 1990 M. Brave Bird & R. Erdoes Lakota Woman (1991) v. 61 I have seen traders take Indian jewelry..in pawn for five dollars' worth of food and then sell it for hundreds of dollars to a collector when the Indian owner could not redeem the article within a given time. b. transitive. To relieve, get rid of (a burden or obligation) by making some form of payment; to discharge, pay off (a debt, mortgage, or similar obligation). ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > buying > buy [verb (transitive)] > pay to be rid of outbuyc1300 to buy out1598 redeem1705 to buy off1851 c1475 tr. A. Chartier Quadrilogue (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1974) 217 (MED) They redemyd [Fr. racheterent] and bought with thaire blood and deth the seruitute and desolacion of thaire peeple. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. lxxvi. f. xxix^v It was answered that they hadde redemed the sayd Trybute with the Pryce of theyr bloode. 1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 231 (MED) Godiue..naked throughout all Couentree, The tolles sore and seruage agayn right To redeme hole of her femynitee. 1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 298 To the ende they should redeeme this voyage with money. 1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. xxxviii. 119 Now that there was no remedy to redeem their slauery but by resistance. 1633 J. Ford 'Tis Pitty shee's Whore iii. sig. F4 Is there no way left to redeeme my miseries? 1705 ‘F. Telltroth’ Lunatick iii. 36 I have resolv'd to Redeem the Mortgage. 1784 S. Gale Ess. on Nature & Princ. Public Credit ii. 18 The interest for the loss also will for ever continue to be paid, until the debt be redeemed. 1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) II. 59 A judgement against a purchaser of an equity of redemption, or to redeem incumbrances, &c. 1856 New Monthly Mag. 107 3 We can rarely convince the creditor of one who has nothing but his skin that he cannot redeem his obligation. 1905 Times 11 Apr. 7/3 If we redeemed our debt in proportion as our wealth increased, we should again be able..to raise large sums of money in case of emergency without feeling any undue pressure at the moment. 1962 M. Blaug Econ. Theory in Retrospect vi. 200 Walras's scheme was to pay the proprietors with bonds, using future rents to pay interest and to redeem the loan. 1997 H. de Schepper & J. M. Cauchies in A. Padoa-Schioppa Legislation & Justice xiii. 242 The delinquent could redeem his obligation to go on pilgrimage by paying a sum of money. c. transitive. To fulfil, carry out (a pledge or promise). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > carrying out > observance or carrying out a promise, law, etc. > observe or carry out a promise, law, etc. [verb (transitive)] > specifically a promise yieldc825 to make (hold, pay, keep, yield or break) a vowc1290 redeem1795 1795 Suppl. in tr. J.-M. Roland de La Platière Appeal to Impartial Posterity i. 181 Mademoiselle Desportes had made me promise to write to her; I redeemed my promise. 1840 T. B. Macaulay Ld. Clive in Ess. (1887) 559 Clive redeemed his pledge. He..effected one of the most..difficult and salutary reforms. 1861 M. Pattison in Westm. Rev. Apr. 408 Some consciousness of not having redeemed their engagements. 1949 D. F. W. van Lennep in Euripides Sel. Plays I. 2 The action starts on the fatal day on which Alkestis is to redeem her pledge. 1994 Casa Grande (Arizona) Disp. 11 July 4 Democrats..could claim to have redeemed the promise they made in the heady days after Clinton's victory. 5. †a. transitive. To rescue, save, or deliver (a person or thing) from a particular situation. Also with out. Also intransitive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > rescue or deliverance > rescue or deliver (from) [verb (transitive)] areddec885 leeseOE reddOE winc1220 deliver?c1225 ridc1225 quita1250 betellc1275 casta1300 to cast outa1300 liverc1330 rescuec1330 wrechec1330 borrowc1350 to put out of ——c1350 to bring awaya1400 redea1400 wreakc1400 rescourec1425 rescousa1450 savec1480 relue1483 salue1484 redeem1488 recovera1500 redressa1500 eschewc1500 rescours1511 to pull (also snatch) out of the fire1526 recourse1533 withtakec1540 redeem1549 vindicate1568 retire1578 repair1591 reprieve1605 to bring off1609 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ix. l. 359 Wallace that has rademyt Scotland. c1550 Clariodus (1830) v. 852 This knight..Into ane lyoun long was deformat, Quhill King Clariodus..Redeimit him. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. Argt. sig. G5^v Faire virgin to redeeme her deare Brings Arthure to the fight. 1591 King James VI & I Lepanto Chorus Venetis Their netts were sett about, But yet our dearest Father in Heauen, He hath redeemed vs out. 1611 Bible (King James) Isa. l. 2 Is my hande shortened at all, that it cannot redeeme ? View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. v. 88 Leuied an Army, weening to redeeme, And haue install'd me in the Diademe. View more context for this quotation 1683 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 42 The rout..laid wait for Charlet's comming out of the Castle. He therefore sends a letter to the vice-chancellor to redeem him. 1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Twelfth Bk. Metamorphoses in Fables 431 He thrusts aside The Crowd of Centaurs; and redeems the Bride. 1814 W. Scott in J. Swift Wks. XIX. 368 He redeemed the half-boiled leg of mutton..and carried it with him to Mr Cusack's. 1871 R. Browning Balaustion 55 The man was like some merchant who, in storm, Throws the freight over to redeem the ship. b. transitive. To rescue, save, or deliver (a person or thing) from (also out of) a particular state or situation. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > rescue or deliverance > rescue or deliver (from) [verb (transitive)] areddec885 leeseOE reddOE winc1220 deliver?c1225 ridc1225 quita1250 betellc1275 casta1300 to cast outa1300 liverc1330 rescuec1330 wrechec1330 borrowc1350 to put out of ——c1350 to bring awaya1400 redea1400 wreakc1400 rescourec1425 rescousa1450 savec1480 relue1483 salue1484 redeem1488 recovera1500 redressa1500 eschewc1500 rescours1511 to pull (also snatch) out of the fire1526 recourse1533 withtakec1540 redeem1549 vindicate1568 retire1578 repair1591 reprieve1605 to bring off1609 1549 R. Crowley Psalter of Dauid cxxx. sig. Ppi For he redemeth Israel, from al his wyckednes: And setteth all his people free, from theyr iniquities. 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus iii. i. 180 Let me redeeme my brothers both from death. View more context for this quotation 1611 Bible (King James) Psalms xxv. 22 Redeeme Israel, O God, out of all his Troubles. View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 377 Redeem from this Reproach, my wand'ring Ghost. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 67 King James..would often say, ‘that his access to the Crown of England was the more valuable to him, as it redeem'd him from the subjection to the ill manners..of those Preachers’. 1819 P. B. Shelley Julian & Maddalo 332 My creed should have redeemed me from repenting. 1843 E. Miall in Nonconf. 3 209 We trust we have said enough to redeem the voluntary principle from contempt. 1905 Q. Jrnl. Econ. 19 362 The addition made to the income of the poorest people would not be sufficient to redeem them from poverty. 1986 R. J. Hollingdale tr. F. Nietzsche Human, all too Human ii. i There are many things we must leave in the Hades of half-conscious feeling, and not desire to redeem them out of their shadow existence. 1998 W. R. Ward in N. Tyacke England's Long Reformation xi. 289 Charles Wesley redeemed a lost daughter of his from deism and reconciled her with her father. c. transitive (reflexive). To save oneself; to deliver oneself from a particular state or situation. ΚΠ 1591 E. Spenser Prosopopoia in Complaints 1331 Arise, and doo thy selfe redeeme from shame. a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iv. iii. 501 How faine would I haue hated all mankinde, And thou redeem'st thy selfe. View more context for this quotation 1702 S. Centlivre Beau's Duel v. 48 Two Days more of this, and I shall grow Mad, or to Redeem my self, dash out my Brains. 1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. l. 225 They redeemed themselves with prayers and promises from their hands. 1833 Sat. Mag. 20 July 24/2 A nightingale being taken in a snare, would redeem herself by three good words. 1861 Danville Q. Rev. June 318 [The nation] has already redeemed itself from the ignomonious fate to which the last Federal Administration had consigned it. 1956 N. J. Dawood tr. Koran lxx. 57 To redeem himself from the torment of that day the sinner will gladly sacrifice his children..if then this might deliver him. 2000 I. F. Osagie Amistad Revolt (2003) vi. 126 The director fails to depict adequately the Africans as active participants in their attempts to redeem themselves from bondage. d. transitive. To reclaim (land) for cultivation or habitation. Also with from. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > reclaim [verb (transitive)] ina1387 reclaim1440 improve1523 win1531 mitigate1601 reform1607 stuba1650 regain1652 redeem1671 reduce1726 to bring to1814 to bring in1860 to break in1891 green1967 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [verb (transitive)] > prograde redeem1671 prograde1909 1671 J. Beale Let. 21 Jan. in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1970) VII. 408 Lands freshly redeemed from ye Sea are most accomodable for Modern Improvements. 1721 J. Perry Acct. Stopping Daggenham Breach 11 Those Levels which are of large extent, and not easy to be redeemed when a Breach is made. 1827 tr. F. C. L. von M. Riedesal Lett. & Mem. relating War Amer. Independence 216 Whole forests are sometimes burnt down, to redeem land for the purposes of agriculture. 1830 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. I. 138 We find evidence that considerable spaces were redeemed from the original ocean and converted into dry land after the chalk was formed. 1918 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 24 161 The population of the uplands..by ditching and diking and draining redeemed a few acres of soil from the reluctant grasp of the sluggish waters. 1961 W. E. Stuermann tr. A. Schweitzer Pilgrimage to Humanity iv. 59 I thought of Goethe, who had his Faust busy at the end redeeming the land from the sea. 1995 N. G. Finkelstein Image & Reality of Israel-Palestine Confl. (2003) iv. 96 The new Jewish settlements were said to have ‘redeemed’ the land; the areas ‘densely populated by Arab villages’ were regarded..‘as though they were empty of inhabitants’. 1999 Afr.-Amer. Rev. 33 396/1 Land redeemed from the swamp. 6. a. transitive. To restore, bring, or elevate (a person or thing) into (also to) a particular condition or state. Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > a thing to or into previous condition reversec1350 reforma1393 recover1393 converta1425 reduce?a1425 revolve1431 returnc1436 recure?1440 remayne1481 relieve1483 redressc1500 restaur1508 reprieve?1567 recollect1606 redeem1613 regain1624 to bring back1662 re-reducea1676 the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restoration of a person > [verb (transitive)] uprighta1340 to bring to (one's) statea1387 restorea1387 remount?c1400 reducec1425 redraw1480 reintegrate1495 restitutec1503 repair?1521 revocate1527 recall1567 redintegrate1578 rehabilitate1580 refetch1599 revindicate1609 re-estate1611 uprighten1618 redintegrate1622 restate1625 redeem1686 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xi. l. 1068 For goddis saik radeym ws anys to grace And tak the croun. 1566 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure I. To Rdr. sig. ¶¶iii Certayne [stories] haue I culled out of the Decamerone..that be worthy to be condempned to perpetuall prison, but of them suche haue I redemed to the liberty of our vulgar, as may be best liked. 1594 J. Smythe Certen Instr. Militarie 215 The Cantonnes and confederate people of Suitzerland..did take armes, and by battle and victorie..redeeme and reduce themselues into a ciuill and popular State. 1613 Middleton (title) The triumphs of Truth... Directed, written, and redeem'd into forme, from the ignorance of some former times. 1686 J. Norris Let. in Theory & Regulation Love (1688) 203 As to the redeeming us into the ability of closing with what is discern'd best. 1754 T. Sherlock Several Disc. preached at Temple Church I. v. 185 Our blessed Master has abolished Death, and redeemed us into the glorious Liberty of the Sons of God. a1767 W. Farington Serm. Important Subj. (1769) vii. 165 We are fallen creatures: a Divine person thought it necessary to redeem us into a better state. 1843 Christian Examiner & Gen. Rev. Sept. 127 A thorough beating up of the haunts of the wretched, a pursuing and finding them in their own homes, and almost by violence redeeming them into the Kingdom of God. 1858 F. T. Palgrave Passionate Pilgrim ii. 56 The predominance of Love..is the one feature that redeems it into any ideal beauty. 1949 Hispania 32 313 The later palomillas are redeemed into honesty and respectability. 1991 R. Seelye in J. London White Fang & Call of Wild (new ed.) Introd. p. xvii Buck is never redeemed back into the human family. b. transitive. To restore to a former good state or condition; to set right again.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 7b. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > put right [verb (transitive)] helpc950 amendc1230 bootc1330 correctc1374 menda1375 recovera1398 dighta1400 restorea1400 redressa1402 recurec1425 remedyc1425 remeidc1480 emendc1485 richa1500 rightena1500 chastisea1513 rectifya1529 redeem1575 salve1575 remed1590 reclaim1593 renew1608 retrieve1625 recruit1673 raccommode1754 splice1803 doctor1829 remediate1837 right-side1847 sort1948 the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] recovera1382 recurea1382 reparela1382 instore1382 store1387 restorec1390 redressc1405 repeal1479 rectifya1529 restauratea1538 redeem1575 instaurate1583 upright1601 upseta1652 reficiate1657 rehabilitate1663 retrieve1665 re-establish1706 re-rail1914 rehab1961 1575 G. Gascoigne Hundred Flowers in Wks. 28 Hee wyll redeeme our deadly drowping state. 1760 J. Hanway Candid Hist. Acct. Hosp. (ed. 2) iii. 30 It was a proof of their wisdom to..support the poor, that they might have a chance of redeeming their fortunes. 1813 W. Scott Rokeby i. 30 With his barbed horse..Stout Cromwell has redeemed the day. 1895 N.Y. Times 13 Sept. 1/3 Employes of the newspaper began clearing away the wreck on the floor above the pressrooms and the compositors and writers were endeavoring to redeem the situation. 1924 A. Nevins Amer. States during & after Revol. (1927) ix. 393 By these recessions from a vindictive measure, South Carolina in some measure redeemed her reputation for a generous chivalry. 1980 News & Observer (Raleigh, N. Carolina) 28 Oct. 4/1 An old East Dallas neighborhood being redeemed by a flood of new residents. 2007 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 26 Feb. 27 The beleaguered Vodafone chief executive, has made a bold attempt to redeem his sagging reputation with a £5.6bn deal to buy a controlling stake in Hutchison Essar. 7. a. transitive. To buy back (a former possession); to make payment for (a thing held or claimed by another). Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > buying > buy [verb (transitive)] > buy back redeema1500 repurchase1533 rebuy1611 retreat?c1682 a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) ii. l. 365 Off Egipte al þe tenendreis He redemyt þaim agayn, And maid þaim to the kynge demayn. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Lev. xxv. 25 Then shall he redeme that his brother solde. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 339 Thair was the peace maid, and with a smal soume redeimet the hail Jles. 1627 Hist. Fryer Bacon sig. B3 I..lent him money, not onely to buy him victuals, but also to redeeme his lands and pay his debts. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xli. 262 He that redeemeth, hath no title to the thing redeemed, before the Redemption. 1710 H. Prideaux Orig. & Right Tithes ii. 80 The Firstling of the Ass which was to be redeemed with a Lamb. 1746 tr. F. de S. de la M. Fénelon Lett. to Duke of Burgundy iii. 12 His expences tho' very great were so well regulated, that he redeem'd all his crown-lands. 1833 A. T. Malkin Gallery of Portraits I. 127 The Florentines, proud of such a countryman, had redeemed his paternal property, and earnestly invited him to dwell in his own land. 1838 W. Bell Dict. Law Scotl. 828 Rights of reversion..must be exercised within forty years from the time at which the proprietor is allowed to redeem. 1903 Jrnl. Semitic Langs. & Lit. 19 145 The punctuators..thought the field must have been sold already, that the Goël must redeem it and thus restore the ground to the family of which he is a part. 2001 E. U. Alexander Notorious Woman i. 15 Coxe journeyed to the island, redeemed his ship, and gave command to Davis. b. transitive. To regain, recover (an immaterial thing). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > again or back acovera1225 covera1300 gain-covera1300 to get againc1380 recovera1387 becoverc1400 recounsel?a1425 recurea1425 win1489 redeem1526 readept1537 rehave1541 recuperate1542 regain1548 reobtain1579 retire1584 reget1585 to get back1587 retrieve1589 reprise1590 reprocure1590 reattain1595 relieve1596 recompassc1604 reacquire1627 reacquist1635 recruit1656 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Diii^v Who may redeme grace or recouer it, whan he hath loste it? 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 v. iv. 47 Thou hast redeemed thy lost opinion. View more context for this quotation 1646 J. Hall Horæ Vacivæ 82 He would redeeme (if possible) his health with the losse of halfe his Learning. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 107 Then, to redeem his Honour at a blow, He moves his Camp. View more context for this quotation 1702 J. Dunton Hist. Living Men viii. 107 Thus he redeems that Honour on the Shore which in former years we had like to have lost at Sea. ?1754 Mock Monarchs I. xix. 220 [They] redeemed their Honour, changed the face of things, and only made their Foes pay dearer for their Victories. 1833 Ann. Biogr. & Obituary 17 240 It was now too late..to redeem the health that had fled. 1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate II. vii. 171 If this friend..had since redeemed, or in part redeemed, her position by a second marriage. 1931 Trans. Royal Hist. Soc. 14 81 An agitation by certain powerful persons to redeem their family honour and to secure full restitution of rights. 1990 R. M. Polhemus Erotic Faith viii. 212 Being in love..at least gives her the chance..to redeem the integrity she lost in marrying Kennedy. c. transitive. To regain, recover by force (a person or thing).Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 5. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > seizing > seize [verb (transitive)] > with violence or forcibly reaveeOE latchc950 seize1338 rape?1387 wrestc1426 extort1529 redeema1578 wreathe1590 force1602 extend1610 wrencha1616 the mind > possession > taking > seizing > seize [verb (transitive)] > with violence or forcibly > back rescue1540 redeema1578 a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) II. 34 The gowernor..disolvit the seasing and redemit all the landis that war conquerit be Ingland in winning of the feild. 1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 clxvii. 43 The toils of war we must endure, And, from thInjurious Dutch redeem the Seas. 1749 T. Smollett Regicide iv. ix. 62 The Sword of Stuart was already drawn To sacrifice my Daughter, when Dunbar..interpos'd, Redeem'd the trembling Victim, and repelled His Rival's Fury on his hapless Head. a1771 T. Gray Imit. Propertius in Wks. (1884) I. 153 Redeem, what Crassus lost, and vindicate his name. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake v. 200 The Gael, of plain and river heir, Shall, with strong hand, redeem his share. 1822 S. Hibbert Descr. Shetland Islands ii. 204 His own patrimony had been much wasted by riotous expences, and these he sought to redeem by fraud and violence. 1967 M. F. Nims tr. Geoffrey of Vinsauf in O. B. Hardison & L. Golden Horace for Students of Lit. (1995) ii. 106 Shamefully was I seized long ago, and I am not yet wrested back, not yet redeemed by the sword. 1997 M. H. Davidson tr. F. de Oviedo in Columbus Then & Now xiii. 396 [He] not forgetting the imprisonment of his brother decided to go and redeem him by force of arms, going with the intent of taking all of the Christians that he could. 8. transitive. To free from an obligation or claim. Frequently with from. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > be exempt from (a liability or obligation) [verb (transitive)] > free from obligation freeeOE unbind1297 quitclaima1325 acquit1340 excuse1340 loose1340 releasec1350 assoil1366 soilc1384 dischargea1387 quita1387 relieve1416 absoil1440 deliver1440 acquittance1448 quiet1450 acquiet1453 absolve?a1475 defease1475 skill1481 relax1511 redeema1513 exoner1533 exonerate1548 solvec1550 distask1592 disgage1594 upsolve1601 disoblige1603 disengage1611 to get off1623 exclude1632 supersedea1644 to let off1814 to let out1869 a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccvi. f. cxxvi^v He..redemed the Scole of Saxons, fre of all former trybute. 1706 G. L. Noble & Renowned Hist. G. Earl of Warwick 155 I overcome him in the Field, and slew him dead right valliantly; Where I the Land did then redeem From Danish Tribute utterly. 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 178 The clergy in the old provinces did not pay the capitation; but they had redeemed themselves at the expence of about 24 millions. View more context for this quotation 1852 E. Smith Inq. Scriptual & Anc. Servitude i. 39 In the establishing of the Aaronic priesthood the first-born was to be redeemed from the claim of the patriarchal priesthood. 1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. xviii. 210 It would almost seem as if a yearly tribute of thirty pounds..redeemed the borough from all claims. 1994 Amer. Jrnl. Compar. Law 42 498 The holder of the land could redeem it from the obligation to make annual payments or payments on sale. †9. a. transitive. To obtain by purchase, to buy. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > buying > buy [verb (transitive)] cheapc950 buyc1000 takea1382 purchasec1390 costa1400 coffc1425 redeem?1520 cope1570 fetch1605 shop1944 ?1520 A. Barclay tr. Sallust Cron. Warre agaynst Iugurth xvii. f. 24^v This Iugurth redemed of Calphurnius, but onely delayng and deferryng of the warre. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxxv The tyme woulde come, wherin they would wyshe to haue redemed his frendshyp derely. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 693 The emperour must in many things yeeld to the requests of the French king, and redeeme his good will. 1645 T. Fuller Good Thoughts in Bad Times iii. ii. 132 But aged Folk..will find it harder and dearer, to redeem this, the last Volume, then if they had been Chapmen for all three at the first. 1729 S. Madden Themistocles ii. i. 23 With half my Realms, I would redeem your Friendship. 1766 J. Entick New Hist. London I. 142 He demanded a very large sum by way of ransom, i.e. to redeem the king's favour, which was called a tallage. b. transitive. poetic. To go in exchange for. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > exchange > exchange, change for [verb (transitive)] > give in exchange redeem1575 change1609 1575 U. Fulwell Flower of Fame 42 If that death might life redeeme, and life were bought with death: Ten thousande to restore your lyfe, woulde render vytall breath. 1599 T. Storer Life & Death Wolsey sig. C^v For thee thy toiling oxen ioyne in teeme, And after with their death thy life redeeme. 1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida v. sig. I3^v Oh that my life..Would but redeeme one minute of his breath! a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. v. 108 Would some part of my young yeeres Might but redeeme the passage of your Age. View more context for this quotation 1682 M. Coppinger Poems, Songs & Love-verses 44 But O that yet my life cou'd thine redeem, My Soul shou'd vanish as of no esteem. 10. transitive. To make the best use of (time); to prevent (time) from being lost or wasted. ΘΚΠ the world > time > spending time > spend time or allow time to pass [verb (transitive)] > save or spare time redeem1526 steal1526 spare1548 save?1556 behusband?a1639 retrieve1688 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Coloss. iv. 5 Walke wysely to them that are with out, and redeme the tyme. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. ii. 214 Redeeming time when men thinke least I wil. View more context for this quotation 1621 H. Wotton Let. in Archaeologia (1866) 40 277 It hath been thought fitt to redeeme some of the tyme..by resummoning the Parlament. 1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. xvii. sig. Gg8 That precious Time, which no sum..can either purchase or redeem. 1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the Second 9 Redeem we Time?—Its loss we dearly buy. 1781 W. Cowper Retirem. 561 Not to redeem his time, but his estate. 1836 Sc. Christian Herald 13 Aug. 377/2 We redeem the time, when we avoid all those causes of interruption in God's work, by which our precious time is wasted. 1880 J. F. Clarke Self-culture (1889) iii. 78 He worked, not by faith, but by sight,..with indefatigable energy, redeeming the time. 1962 C. Emery World Dylan Thomas (1968) 2 On the train to London, he monopolizes the lavatory for hours, redeeming the time by ripping and flushing away names and addresses of people in London who could be of use to him. 2002 S. Edwards & K. Mathews New Doors in Ministry to Women ii. vii. 119 Those who are..interested in community need to redeem time and accomplish something! 11. a. transitive. Of a quality, action, etc.: to make up for, compensate for, counterbalance (a failing, defect, or fault). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > make equal [verb (transitive)] > compensate or make up for restorea1325 to make good1389 boot1393 rewarda1398 supplya1398 to make up1472 upset1513 to fetch again1535 redeem1590 balance1594 pay1596 unpay1600 to make out1610 requitea1613 to pay home1625 encourage1628 compensate1646 compensate1656 reprise1662 to take up1662 to fetch up1665 to pay off1717 indemnify1750 to bring up arrears1788 equalize1866 reparate1956 1590 Sir P. Sidney Covntesse of Pembrokes Arcadia ii. xxii. f. 200 Extreamely faultie; and yet having no good thing to redeeme both these. 1606 No-body & Some-body sig. E2^v The wrongs that you haue seene In me, my future vertues shall redeeme. a1627 J. Beaumont Bosworth-field (1629) 7 Then doubled haste redeemes his former pause. 1693 J. Dryden tr. Juvenal in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires iv. 57 A Monster, to whom every Vice lays claim Without one Virtue to redeem his Fame. 1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. xlviii. 27 His want of virtue was not redeemed by any superior talents. a1826 W. Gifford Ford's Plays (1827) I. Introd. 15 There is nothing to redeem the absurdity of the plot. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People ii. §6. 87 His bravery had redeemed much of his earlier ill-fame. 1928 Hamilton (Ohio) Evening Jrnl. 10 May There was an intensity in his voice which redeemed the arrogance of his manner. 1962 G. Harkness in F. H. Littell Reformation Stud. 14 I cannot say there was no drudgery about it, but the drudgery was redeemed by an interest that made it worthful. 2008 Publishers Weekly (Nexis) 11 Feb. 54 An intriguing setting and well-developed characters partially redeem the weak story line. b. transitive. To save (a person or thing) from a failing, defect, or fault. Frequently with from. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > put right [verb (transitive)] > specific any evil condition > a thing or person from an evil condition healc825 wholeOE redeema1616 a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) iv. iii. 276 He hath out-villain'd villanie so farre, that the raritie redeemes him. View more context for this quotation 1781 W. Cowper Table Talk 664 A spark, Sufficient to redeem the modern race From total night and absolute disgrace. 1833 E. Bulwer-Lytton Godolphin II. xiii. 226 His ambition made Augustus odious: his occasional forgetfulness of ambition alone redeems him. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Morte d'Arthur in Poems (new ed.) II. 17 Perhaps some modern touches here and there Redeem'd it from the charge of nothingness. 1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. xxix. 334 A blank ceiling is not to be redeemed by a decorated ventilator. 1922 G. K. Chesterton Man who knew too Much i. 11 Something deep and even cavernous about the setting of the eyes redeemed his animal good looks from the commonplace. 1969 Amer. Hist. Rev. 75 609 Unfortunately, the author's good intentions do not redeem the book from numerous scholarly defects. 2004 T. E. Barlow Question of Women in Chinese Feminism iv. 143 Zhiqing finally has enough sense to fall in love with Chengshu and sleep with her, which apparently redeems her somewhat in the narrator's view. 12. transitive (reflexive). To restore one's good reputation or moral character; to make amends. ΚΠ 1632 tr. Swedish Discipline ii. 54 Who euer flings away his Armes..shalbe..enforced to make the streets cleane: vntil they redeeme themselues by some worthy exploit doing. 1704 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. x. 86 An opportunity to redeem themselves in the Eyes of the world, and to undo some part of the mischief they had done. 1786 J. Burgoyne Heiress iii. ii. 60 How shall I redeem myself, even in my own opinion? 1828 Ann. Reg. 14/1 He seemed anxious to redeem himself by some act that would look like an assertion of independence. 1897 J. Conrad Let. 12 Mar. (1956) 93 The man who can't appreciate the perversity of the Spoils of P. must redeem himself by the most rectilinear truthfulness. 1938 Times 10 Dec. 7/7 I admit that I have had a bad past, but for the last three and a half years I have been straight. I have redeemed myself. 1957 J. Lake & H. Giblo Footlights, Fistfights & Femmes 55 Either her conscience hurt her, or she wanted to redeem herself in the eyes of her fellow actors. 2007 Observer (Nexis) 23 Sept. (Sport section) 18 Marcel Seip redeemed himself for his own goal by scoring in the right net. †13. transitive. To gain, reach (a place). Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1648 R. Herrick Hesperides sig. N8^v By Many..a crosse-Track they redeem a bank of mosse Spungie and swelling. 14. a. transitive. Finance. Of an issuer: to repay (a stock, bond, or other security), esp. at the maturity date. Of a holder: to cash in (a stock, bond, or other security). ΚΠ 1720 Impartial Enq. Value South-Sea Stock 7 The Premium will by degrees abate, as the Term expires, and the Time of redeeming the Stock draws nearer. 1796 N. Vansittart Inq. State of Finances Great Brit. 34 It would have been the business of the Commissioners to redeem the Stock which bore the highest rate. 1848 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 III. ix. 504 A guarantee fund, which..should be sufficient at the end of that term to redeem the annuity at the rate proposed. 1895 Amer. Mag. Civics Jan. 22 Our paper currency has value simply because of popular confidence in the government's honesty and ability to redeem its bills fully and completely. 1942 Amer. Econ. Rev. 32 465 It is probable that many small holders will redeem their bonds in order to purchase durable consumer goods. 1984 A. S. Carron in R. E. Caves & L. B. Krause Austral. Econ. 213 Some seasonal government securities are redeemed as these payments are made, but the full effect of the tax payments is not offset. 2008 Sun (Nexis) 18 Jan. Boyd received a letter from Coia saying the companies would redeem the shares and he would be sent a promissory note. b. transitive. Originally U.S. Of a holder: to exchange (trading stamps, coupons, etc.) for (also in) goods, a discount, or money. Of an issuer or business: to honour (trading stamps, coupons, etc.) in this way. Also occasionally intransitive. ΚΠ 1897 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 14 Dec. 5/1 All stamps are redeemed by the Stamp Company, and every person who presents the required amount of trading stamps receives their choice of any article. 1899 Mansfield (Ohio) News 21 Dec. 5/1 The stamp harpy proposes to redeem his stamps in cheap curios, ceramics and bric-a-brac. 1915 Lit. Digest 5 June 1363/1 Last year there were over $100,000,000 worth of coupons, trading-stamps, and similar premium-giving devices sold. On this vast amount there were only ten to twelve million dollars' worth redeemed. 1989 Guardian 23 June 25/4 Public confidence in the stamp empires was growing, reflected in a tendency to redeem later for that more valuable item..rather than trade in quick. 1990 Wall St. Jrnl. (Electronic ed.) 1 June b1 [He] hammered United with complaints after it refused to redeem the $35-off coupons. 2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 23 Nov. c8/3 [She]..was preparing to redeem her frequent-flier miles on Northwest Airlines for a vacation to Hawaii . This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1488v.c1438
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