| 单词 | reigh |
| 释义 | † reighn.α. Old English hreoche, Old English hreohche, Old English hreohe, Old English reohche, Old English reohhe, Middle English reȝge, Middle English rehȝe, Middle English reyghes (plural), Middle English reyhe, Middle English reyhhe, Middle English–1500s reigh. β. Middle English righe, Middle English rihȝe, Middle English rygh, Middle English ryghe, Middle English ryghȝes (plural). Obsolete. A kind of fish, probably a ray (ray n.3).In Old English always glossing Latin fannus kind of fish, probably a ray (apparently a transferred use of fannus, variant of vannus winnowing-fan (see fan n.1)). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > member of family Rajidae (ray) reighOE roughlOE rayc1350 flathec1440 rayfisha1500 Raja1633 centrine1661 flair1668 sea-cow1722 ox-ray1862 sea-devil1881 rajoid1890 OE Ælfric Gloss. (St. John's Oxf.) 308 Nomina piscium... Anwilla, æl. Fannus, hreoche. Rocea, scealga. OE Antwerp Gloss. (1955) 229 Fannus, reohhe. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 14751 Heo..nomen tailes of rehȝen [c1300 rohȝe tayl] and hangede on his cape. a1425 (a1399) Forme of Cury (BL Add.) 108 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 122 Rygh in sawse. Take ryghȝes and make hem clene and do hem to seeþ. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 427 Reyhhe, fysche, ragadia. a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 11 Take Haddok, Pyke, Tenche, Reȝge, Codlynd..an tempere wyth almaunde mylke. a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 438 Rowhe or reyhe, fysche, ragadies. 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. xcvii And for more despite they cast on hym the guttes of reighes and of [1520 other] fissh. 1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) iii. iii. 224/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I In August and September, with haddocke and herring: and the two moneths insuing with the same, as also thornbacke and reigh of all sorts. Compounds reigh tail n. ΚΠ c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 14764 Þa þe rihȝen tailes hangede a þan clarkes. c1400 Brut (Rawl. B. 171) 97 Seynt Austyn..þere prechede..þe payne~mys þerfor..caste on him righe tailes..and..þe guttes of ryghe [etc.]. 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. xcvii The paynyms..hym scorned and cast on hym reigh tailles, so that al his mantel was honged full of reigh tailles. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † reighadj.α. Old English hreh, Old English hreo, Old English hreof, Old English hrioh, Old English reoh, Old English þreoh (perhaps transmission error), Old English ðreoh (perhaps transmission error), Old English–early Middle English hreoh, early Middle English hryh, early Middle English ræh, early Middle English ræhðen (plural, probably transmission error), early Middle English ræihe (plural), early Middle English reh, early Middle English reht (probably transmission error). β. early Middle English rehȝ, early Middle English rei; inflected forms Old English hreog-, early Middle English ræȝ-, early Middle English ræhȝ-, early Middle English ræi-, early Middle English ræiȝ-, early Middle English raȝ-, early Middle English rahȝ-, early Middle English rai-, early Middle English reȝ-, early Middle English reiȝ-. γ. (Chiefly in compounds) early Old English hriou (Kentish), Old English hræw, Old English hreaw, Old English ræw, Old English reouw, Old English reuw, Old English riow, Old English–early Middle English hreow, Old English–early Middle English reow, early Middle English ren (transmission error), early Middle English reon (transmission error). Obsolete. 1. a. Of weather, the sea, etc.: rough, stormy, tempestuous. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > bad weather > [adjective] > stormy reigheOE stormya1200 wilda1250 troublec1374 rougha1400 stormishc1430 rude?a1439 boistous1470 troublous1482 wair?a1500 tempestuous1509 blusterous1548 rugged1549 stormful1558 troublesome1560 turbulent1573 ruggy1577 rufflered1582 oragious?1590 boisterous?1594 broily1594 unruly1594 procellousa1629 gurly1718 coarse1774 ugly1844 eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) xli. 144 Swa swa good scipstiora ongit micelne wind on hreore sæ ær ær hit geweorðe. OE Cynewulf Juliana 481 Sume on yðfare wurdon on weg[e] wætrum bisencte, on mereflode, minum cræftum under reone stream. OE Beowulf (2008) 548 Hreo wæron yþa. OE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Tiber. B.iv) anno 1075 Heom on becom swiðe hreoh weder. b. Of the heart, mind, etc.: troubled, disturbed. ΘΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > [adjective] reigheOE drofc1000 druvyOE restlessOE worya1225 forstraughtc1386 unquertc1390 unsaughtc1390 ill (evil) at easea1400 unrofula1400 unquietc1400 unrestya1413 unquieted?a1425 unrestful?c1425 unpeaceda1475 out of quieta1500 inquiet?1504 uneasya1513 perturbed1538 unquietous?1545 disquieted?1548 astraught1564 astraughted1565 agitate1567 turmoiled1570 disquiet1587 distroubled1590 weltered1590 disturbed1593 twitcheda1594 troublesome1596 stract1598 uncomposed1601 discomposed1603 incomposed1608 uncouth1660 unserene1664 chagrin1665 agitated1684 perturbated1704 disordered1711 perturbate1741 chagrineda1754 nervish1760 uncomfortable1796 funked1831 untranquillized1831 streaked1833 striped1839 discomfortable1844 streaky1848 bothered1851 funked out1859 bebothered1866 disorderly1871 fantod1883 rattled1885 aflap1887 shook1891 dicked-up1967 torqued1967 weirded out1973 eOE Metres of Boethius (transcript of damaged MS) i. 71 Wæs him hreoh sefa, ege from ðam eorle. OE Beowulf (2008) 1307 Þa wæs frod cyning..on hreon mode, syðþan he..þone deorestan deadne wisse. 2. a. Angry, furious, wild. ΘΠ the mind > emotion > violent emotion > [adjective] > affected by violent emotion woodc900 reighOE mada1350 furiousc1374 raginga1425 savagea1450 rageous1486 frenetic?c1550 frantic1561 frenetical1588 impotent1596 transported1600 violent1601 turbulent1609 dementing1729 enfrenzied1823 wild1868 haywire1934 wigged-out1977 the mind > emotion > anger > furious anger > [adjective] reighOE grima1000 vehementa1492 vehement1548 teeth-grinding1642 sulphury1657 tearing1692 Gothic1695 teeth-gnashinga1711 storming1905 OE Cynewulf Juliana 595 Þa se dema wearð hreoh ond hygegrim. OE Riddle 84 2 An wiht is [on eorþan] wundrum acenneð [read acenned], hreoh ond reþe, hafað ryne strongne, grimme grymetað ond be grunde fareð. a1275 (?c1200) Prov. Alfred (Trin. Cambr.) (1955) 133 Þe luttele mon he is so rei, ne mai non him wonin nei. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13794 Riwærdðlan þa seide, ræh he was on mode..‘Þi saule scal to-ȝere beon þas wurse iuere.’ b. Fierce, savage, cruel.In quot. OE1 emendation is required for alliteration. ΘΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [adjective] grimlyc893 wrothc893 reighOE grima1000 grillc1175 witherc1175 grimfula1240 sturdy1297 wild1297 fiercea1300 man-keenc1300 stoutc1300 cruelc1330 fell?c1335 wicked1375 felonousc1386 felona1400 cursedc1400 runishc1400 keen?c1425 roid?c1425 wolvishc1430 ranishc1450 malicious1485 mankind1519 mannish1530 lionish1549 truculent?c1550 lion-like1556 tigerish?1573 tiger-like1587 truculental1593 Amazonian1595 tigerous1597 feral1604 fierceful1607 efferous1614 lionly1631 tigerly1633 feroce1641 ferocious1646 asperous1650 ferousa1652 blusterous1663 wolfish1674 boarisha1718 savage-fierce1770 Tartar1809 Tartarly1821 wolfy1828 savagerous1832 hawkish1841 tigery1859 attern1868 Hunnish1915 OE Andreas (1932) 1116 Hungre wæron þearle geþreatod, swa se ðeodsceaða hreow [read reow] ricsode. OE Andreas (1932) 1334 Hie wæron reowe, ræsdon on sona gifrum grapum. OE Judgement Day II 262 Nis þær unrotnes ne þær æmelnys, ne hryre ne caru ne hreoh tintrega [OE Hatton 113 hreoge tintregu]. 3. Powerful, mighty. ΘΠ society > authority > power > [adjective] mightyeOE craftyeOE richeOE strongeOE wieldeOE mainstrongOE mightOE keena1000 mightfullOE mainfulc1225 reighc1225 starkc1275 boldc1300 fort13.. mightandc1350 strengthya1382 mightifula1400 bigc1400 powerfulc1450 puissant?c1450 mananta1500 mighteousa1500 potenta1500 potential?c1500 vailing1508 forcible1555 potentate1556 swingeing1567 powerable1580 strong-handed1598 strengthful1604 hogen mogen1648 powerlike1657 pollent1660 hogana1672 swayful1767 reverend1826 oomphy1955 kick-ass1977 c1225 (?c1200) St. Margaret (Royal) (1934) 13 (MED) Þu..art mi broðeres bone Ruffines of helle, þe rehest [c1225 Bodl. rehe] & te readwisest of alle þeo in helle. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 4723 Ich æm ræh [c1300 Otho riche] mon i-noh; Rome is min riche. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 5556 Þe king gon to riden..þat he com to Rome mid ræȝere [c1300 Otho rehere] strengðe. 4. Brave, bold. ΘΠ the mind > emotion > courage > bravery or boldness > [adjective] dearOE derfc1175 ketec1275 reighc1275 fadec1330 venturous1584 bravea1616 brave-hearted1873 bindaas1981 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 1938 He hefte anne sune ræhne, Riwald wes ihaten. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 10831 Cnihtes gunnen arisen and ræhȝe word speken. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 10943 Dioclicien..wes þe ræhȝeste [c1300 Otho boldeste] mon..nas na man in his dæȝen þat dursten him derf makien. Derivatives reighly adv. cruelly; fiercely, boldly; (also) swiftly. ΘΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [adverb] grimc893 grimly971 bremeOE reighlyOE witherc1200 felonly1303 asperlyc1314 fellc1330 fellyc1330 fiercelya1375 sturdilyc1374 wickedlya1375 sternly1398 runishlyc1400 witherlyc1400 felonmentc1470 cruelly1487 blusterously1548 boarishlya1563 tiger-like1576 sternfully1582 mankindly1606 wolvishly1628 truculently1654 tigerously1698 tigerishly1878 OE Death of Alfred (Tiber. B.i) 8 Sume hi man wið feo sealde, sume hreowlice acwealde. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 4209 Euelin him ræsde to & hine ræhliche græp. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 4651 Þane king Wiðer he of-sloh..& seoððen rehliche [c1300 cwic-liche] fleh to his Rom-leode. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 11873 He mihte þa bi-halde..þene king richne rehliche [c1300 Otho boldeliche] riden. reighness n. roughness (of weather or the sea); a storm, a tempest; also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > bad weather > [noun] > condition of reighnessOE distemperancec1374 distemperurea1387 sternnessa1387 intemperance?a1475 distemperature1531 intemperancy1540 roughness1545 crabbedness1546 intemperateness1555 inclemency1559 intemperature1570 untemperateness1577 foulness1581 distemperment1582 distemper1614 unkindliness1625 OE Blickling Homilies 235 He..dyde swiþe hreonesse ðære sæwe, fram þæm winde wæs geworden, swa þæt þa sylfan yþa wæron ahafene ofer þæt scip. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xxiv. 227 Mine gebroðra behealdað ðas woruld, swa swa sæ: We sceolon beon on ðissere worulde hreohnyssum strange on geleafan. OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) clxxvi. 220 Wið hagol & hreohnysse [?a1200 Harl. 6258B hreohnisse] to awendenne..heo awendeð hagoles hreohnysse. reighship n. boldness, rashness. ΘΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [noun] brathc1175 reighshipc1275 airc1300 ragec1330 sturdinessc1384 violencea1387 fierceness1435 vehemencyc1487 furiosity1509 fiercetya1513 bremeness?1529 boistousness1530 vehemence1535 bruteness1538 violency1538 violentness1544 vehementness1561 wrath1579 fury1585 torture1605 keenness?1606 ragingness1621 stiffness1623 rapt1632 tempestuousness1648 boisterousnessa1650 rampancy1652 boisture1667 untamedness1727 paroxysm1893 storminess1894 the mind > emotion > courage > daring > reckless daring > [noun] > rashness folly?c1225 reighshipc1275 temerity?a1475 rashnessa1500 audacity1531 overhardiness1594 over-daring1595 temerousness1598 daringness1622 temerariousness1711 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 12448 Heore ræh-scipe scal heom-seoluen to reouþe iwurðen. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2020). <  n.OEadj.eOE |
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