referentn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈrɛf(ə)rənt/,

/ˈrɛf(ə)rn̩t/, U.S.

/ˈrɛf(ə)rənt/

Forms: 1600s 1900s– referrent, 1800s– referent.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin referent-, referēns, referre.

Etymology: < classical Latin referent-, referēns, present participle of referre refer v. Compare referential adj., referently adv.Quot. 1635 at sense A. 1 apparently shows an isolated early use, with the spelling with rr probably by association with referred.

A. n.

†1. Grammar. A relative word; a word indicating a relation. Cf. relative adj. 1. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > other parts of speech > [noun] > relative or connective

referent1635

connective1751

subjunctivea1831

link-word1871

relational1895

relation word1909

relator1933

relativizer1941

1635 Grammar Warre D 6 b In what manner the referred, and the referrent, agreed with the Antecedent.

†2. A person who is referred to or consulted. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor

redesmanOE

counsellor?c1225

reder1340

guidec1385

patronc1400

counselc1405

nurse?a1425

dresserc1450

guidant1495

adviser1575

advisor1589

manuducent1615

consiliary1652

manuductor1657

Dutch uncle1838

referent1844

consultee1855

mantri1873

advisory1880

consigliere1981

1844 J. Cairns Let. in Life (1895) ix. 205 I have indeed lost a friend and theological referent of the highest order.

3. Chiefly Linguistics and Philosophy.

†a. A word or term which relates to another. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > other grammatical categories or concepts > [adjective] > referring

referent1899

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > other grammatical categories or concepts > [noun] > types of grammatical reference > word referring to another

referent1899

1899 R. C. Temple Univ. Gram. 35 Referents are therefore conjunctors or substitutes.

b. The entity referred to or signified by a word or expression; a thing or person alluded to. Also referent-object.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > semantics > reference > [noun] > referent

significatec1449

thinga1477

referent1923

referend1925

nominatum1947

1923 C. K. Ogden & I. A. Richards Meaning of Meaning i. 13 It has seemed desirable, therefore, to introduce a technical term to stand for whatever we may be thinking of or referring to. ‘Object’, though this is its original use, has had an unfortunate history. The word ‘referent’, therefore, has been adopted.

1938 Mod. Lang. Rev. 33 547 The reinterpretation of the term [baroque] has sprung, not..from the feeling that it could be better applied to some other type of art, but from the revaluation of its original referent.

1964 Language 40 229 The much-studied relations of words to their referent-objects.

1981 I. McEwan Comfort of Strangers x. 134 As if repetition could have returned meaning to the word, and brought alive its referent.

2005 Times Lit. Suppl. 1 Apr. 31/1 A one-to-one correspondence between world and word in which the word becomes a surrogate for its referent.

4. Logic. A term bearing a relation to another term; any member of a class of such terms. Compare relatum.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [noun] > propositional relation > other terms relating to

domain1903

field1903

referent1903

biconditional1940

non-disjunction1949

1903 B. Russell Princ. Math. ix. 97 All referents with respect to a given relation form a class.

1933 L. S. Stebbing Mod. Introd. Logic (ed. 2) vii. 111 The term from which the relation proceeds is called the referent; the term to which it proceeds is called the relatum.

1947 H. Reichenbach Elem. Symbolic Logic iii. 115 The class of referents is also called the domain of function, and the class of relata is called the converse domain.

1967 R. A. George tr. R. Carnap Logical Struct. World iii. 60 A relation extension is called one-many if, for each relatum, there exists only one referent.

1991 K. Rankin Recovery of Soul viii. 208 Thus the derivation of an order, say, of mammals from the relation smaller than consists in taking the referent of the relation, say a mouse, first in time and the relatum, say a chipmunk, later in time.

B. adj.

Of a word, term, etc.: that refers to something.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > semantics > reference > [adjective] > referent

referent1899

referential1923

1899 R. C. Temple Univ. Gram. 35 This relation may be expressed..by the addition of referent words expressing it.

1967 Jrnl. Speech & Hearing Res. 10 323 Anticipation, or expectancy, is the referent term for the empirical observation that stutterers can predict.

2001 Jrnl. College Counseling 4 10 Americans mostly associate depression with internal referent words such as sadness, despair, and loneliness. However, East Asians associate depression with external referent words such as rainy, cloudy, and dark.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	referent
释义	referentn.adj. Brit. /ˈrɛf(ə)rənt/, /ˈrɛf(ə)rn̩t/, U.S. /ˈrɛf(ə)rənt/ Forms: 1600s 1900s– referrent, 1800s– referent. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin referent-, referēns, referre. Etymology: < classical Latin referent-, referēns, present participle of referre refer v. Compare referential adj., referently adv.Quot. 1635 at sense A. 1 apparently shows an isolated early use, with the spelling with rr probably by association with referred. A. n. †1. Grammar. A relative word; a word indicating a relation. Cf. relative adj. 1. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > other parts of speech > [noun] > relative or connective referent1635 connective1751 subjunctivea1831 link-word1871 relational1895 relation word1909 relator1933 relativizer1941 1635 Grammar Warre D 6 b In what manner the referred, and the referrent, agreed with the Antecedent. †2. A person who is referred to or consulted. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor redesmanOE counsellor?c1225 reder1340 guidec1385 patronc1400 counselc1405 nurse?a1425 dresserc1450 guidant1495 adviser1575 advisor1589 manuducent1615 consiliary1652 manuductor1657 Dutch uncle1838 referent1844 consultee1855 mantri1873 advisory1880 consigliere1981 1844 J. Cairns Let. in Life (1895) ix. 205 I have indeed lost a friend and theological referent of the highest order. 3. Chiefly Linguistics and Philosophy. †a. A word or term which relates to another. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > other grammatical categories or concepts > [adjective] > referring referent1899 the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > other grammatical categories or concepts > [noun] > types of grammatical reference > word referring to another referent1899 1899 R. C. Temple Univ. Gram. 35 Referents are therefore conjunctors or substitutes. b. The entity referred to or signified by a word or expression; a thing or person alluded to. Also referent-object. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > semantics > reference > [noun] > referent significatec1449 thinga1477 referent1923 referend1925 nominatum1947 1923 C. K. Ogden & I. A. Richards Meaning of Meaning i. 13 It has seemed desirable, therefore, to introduce a technical term to stand for whatever we may be thinking of or referring to. ‘Object’, though this is its original use, has had an unfortunate history. The word ‘referent’, therefore, has been adopted. 1938 Mod. Lang. Rev. 33 547 The reinterpretation of the term [baroque] has sprung, not..from the feeling that it could be better applied to some other type of art, but from the revaluation of its original referent. 1964 Language 40 229 The much-studied relations of words to their referent-objects. 1981 I. McEwan Comfort of Strangers x. 134 As if repetition could have returned meaning to the word, and brought alive its referent. 2005 Times Lit. Suppl. 1 Apr. 31/1 A one-to-one correspondence between world and word in which the word becomes a surrogate for its referent. 4. Logic. A term bearing a relation to another term; any member of a class of such terms. Compare relatum. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [noun] > propositional relation > other terms relating to domain1903 field1903 referent1903 biconditional1940 non-disjunction1949 1903 B. Russell Princ. Math. ix. 97 All referents with respect to a given relation form a class. 1933 L. S. Stebbing Mod. Introd. Logic (ed. 2) vii. 111 The term from which the relation proceeds is called the referent; the term to which it proceeds is called the relatum. 1947 H. Reichenbach Elem. Symbolic Logic iii. 115 The class of referents is also called the domain of function, and the class of relata is called the converse domain. 1967 R. A. George tr. R. Carnap Logical Struct. World iii. 60 A relation extension is called one-many if, for each relatum, there exists only one referent. 1991 K. Rankin Recovery of Soul viii. 208 Thus the derivation of an order, say, of mammals from the relation smaller than consists in taking the referent of the relation, say a mouse, first in time and the relatum, say a chipmunk, later in time. B. adj. Of a word, term, etc.: that refers to something. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > semantics > reference > [adjective] > referent referent1899 referential1923 1899 R. C. Temple Univ. Gram. 35 This relation may be expressed..by the addition of referent words expressing it. 1967 Jrnl. Speech & Hearing Res. 10 323 Anticipation, or expectancy, is the referent term for the empirical observation that stutterers can predict. 2001 Jrnl. College Counseling 4 10 Americans mostly associate depression with internal referent words such as sadness, despair, and loneliness. However, East Asians associate depression with external referent words such as rainy, cloudy, and dark. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1635
随便看	mestizoes mestizos mestkoek mesto mestom mestome mestome sheath mestranol mestranols mesvinian mesyl mesyl group mesylate mesylation met met cute met man met or measure met up with met- met-bæl met-cute met-enkephalin met-stick meta