recapitulatev.

Brit.

/ˌriːkəˈpɪtʃᵿleɪt/,

/ˌriːkəˈpɪtjᵿleɪt/, U.S.

/ˌrikəˈpɪtʃəˌleɪt/

Forms: 1500s–1600s recapitulate (past participle), 1500s– recapitulate, 1600s recapitulat (chiefly Scottish).

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin recapitulat-, recapitulare.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin recapitulat-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of recapitulare to sum up, summarize (Vulgate) < classical Latin re- re- prefix + capitulum , in its post-classical Latin sense ‘chapter, section’ (see capitle n.), after ancient Greek ἀνακεϕαλαιοῦσθαι (see anacephalaeosis n.). (Post-classical Latin capitulare capitulate v. is significantly later.) Compare earlier recapitulation n.¹, recapitulator n.Compare Middle French recapituler (c1360; French récapituler), Old Occitan recapitolar (13th cent.), recapitular (1420; Occitan recapitular), Catalan recapitular (13th cent.), Spanish recapitular (1495 or earlier), Portuguese recapitular (15th cent.), Italian ricapitolare (a1704; a1342 as †recapitolare), all in sense ‘to summarize’.

a. transitive. To gather or bring together; to sum up or unite in one.Esp. in theological use, with reference to Jesus Christ: cf. recapitulation n.¹ 2.

ΚΠ

1551 S. Gardiner Explic. Catholique Fayth f. 34 So we should throughly remembre him for our parte, with the true confession of this mystery, wherin is recapitulate a memorial of al giftes & misteryes, that God in Christ hath wrought for vs.

a1626 L. Andrewes XCVI Serm. (1631) iii. 21 That this Mysterie is..the fulfilling of all Prophecies; That all Moses veiles, and all the Prophets' visions, are recapitulate in it.

1723 J. Reynolds Inq. State & Œcon. Angelical Worlds xxiii. 74 To recapitulate and recollect all Things (all the blessed Creation) in Christ, as the universal Head.

1753 B. Holloway Let. & Spirit 136 Christ thus recapitulating and uniting all in one in himself.

1859 M. W. Jacobus Notes on Acts Apostles 99 The reconciling of all things in Himself, both in earth and in heaven..and the recapitulating—gathering together in one, under one Head—all things in Christ..of Jews and Gentiles.

1874 H. R. Reynolds John the Baptist iii. §3. 197 The two offices were alike recapitulated in the person of Him who is at once our Prophet and our Priest.

1959 PMLA 74 9 Jesus is still regarded as the second Adam, recapitulating in His Person the entire human race.

1984 R. D. Gooder in H. James Bostonians p. xviii The inward reality of the real and great and threatened Boston..is all recapitulated in the figure of Olive Chancellor.

2001 E. Osborn Irenaeus of Lyons v. 102 When the whole human race is recapitulated, united in Christ, human mortality is included.

†b. intransitive. To come together into one. Also transitive (reflexive) in same sense. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or fact of uniting or being united > unite [verb (intransitive)] > gather together into one

recapitulatea1626

a1626 L. Andrewes XCVI Serm. (1631) xvi. 152 The Head is (as it were) the Summe of all sense; motion, speech, understanding, all recapitulate into the Head.

a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1958) IX. 175 Truly, even this first work,..to recapitulate our selves, to assemble and muster our selves [etc.].

a. transitive. To go through or repeat again, usually in a more concise manner; to go over the main points or substance of (an argument, statement, etc.); to summarize, restate briefly. Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > narration > narrate, relate, or tell [verb (transitive)] > summarize

resume?a1425

recapitle?a1439

recapitule1489

recapitulate1556

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or fact of uniting or being united > unite [verb (transitive)] > gather together into one

recapitulate1556

the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > describe [verb (transitive)] > sum up

comprehendc1369

concludec1405

resume?a1425

recapitle?a1439

recapitule1489

comprisea1533

recapitulate1556

compendiate1614

anacephalize1654

subsumea1677

summarize1808

sum-totalize1837

recap1911

1556 J. Heywood Spider & Flie sig. Kiv^v The flie (after a fewe woordes concerninge appeale) doeth brefely recapitulate theffect passed in the principall case.

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 7/1 Wherof as mention is touched before, so brieflye to recapitulate the same.

1607 T. Rogers Faith, Doctr., & Relig. Pref. sig. ¶¶3^v These, and many mo[r]e (too many heere to be recapitulate)..this first subscription brought first to light.

1642 T. Fuller Holy State iv. viii. 275 Judge Markham in a grave speech did recapitulate, select and collate the materiall points on either side.

1647 J. Goodwin Divine Authority Script. 49 But for the present we only recapitulate.

1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) 108 I would summ up the Particulars of this Second Head, if the Examiner's Performance could bear recapitulating.

1768 H. Walpole Hist. Doubts 121 I will recapitulate the most material arguments that tend to disprove what has been asserted.

1783 E. Burke Speech Fox's E. India Bill in Wks. (1826) IV. 27 It only remains..for me just to recapitulate some heads.

1794 J. Beekman Let. 19 Feb. in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) III. 1233 I need not recapitulate any further than by saying that Mr. Leonard Ten Broeck had desired his Brother-in-law..to pay off his Bond given my Father..to his Order in London.

1821 W. M. Craig Lect. Drawing viii. 428 My object being now merely to recapitulate, I give you the rules without the reasoning.

1861 A. Beresford-Hope Eng. Cathedral of 19th Cent. 205 All that I feel bound to do is to recapitulate the alternative possibilities.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) I. 404 Socrates recapitulates the argument of Cebes.

1900 Times 13 Apr. 6/1 It is necessary briefly to recapitulate, for purposes of classification, the course of a wounded soldier from the spot where he falls on the field to his comfortable bed in a base hospital.

1936 W. S. Churchill Let. 21 Feb. in W. S. Churchill & C. S. Churchill Speaking for Themselves (1999) xvii. 412 I then recapitulated the whole case ag[ain]st their marriage or engagement.

1964 ‘N. Blake’ Sad Variety i. 11 Let me recapitulate. You will pick up the equipment here and drive down..on 18th December.

2005 S. M. Stern Week World stood Still iii. 184 Thompson eagerly recapitulated the arguments he had made during the president's absence.

b. transitive. Music. Esp. in sonata form: to restate (a theme which has been stated earlier in the same movement), typically in a modified form. Cf. recapitulation n.¹ 1b.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > perform (music) [verb (transitive)] > specific style or technique

squeak1577

tinkle1582

divide1590

shake1611

slur1746

da capo1764

rattlea1766

to run over ——1789

skirl1818

spread?1822

develop1838

arpeggio1864

propose1864

recapitulate1873

jazz1915

lilt1916

jazzify1927

thump1929

schmaltz1936

belt1947

stroke1969

funkify1973

scratch1984

scratch-mix1985

1873 H. C. Banister Music iii. xxxvii. 213 The substance of the First Part is then recapitulated with little alteration, but such as is necessary to keep the key.

1909 C. H. H. Parry J. S. Bach xiii. 487 The course of things flows uninterruptedly..until it arrives back at the principal key; when, in most deliberate fashion..the first subject is duly recapitulated, and the prelude-figure, following on in turn, makes a charming little circuit of harmonies.

1935 J. Erskine Musical Compan. ii. 178 The overture..usually consists of two or three welldefined themes that undergo a restricted amount of development and are then recapitulated in brief before a coda.

1959 D. Cooke Lang. Music v. 250 The second subject of the finale picks up the six-note chromatic scale..; when it is recapitulated, the same notes are used in the bass.

2001 Black Music Res. Jrnl. 21 251 The settings in the Negro Melodies typically present the tune and then recapitulate the opening music.

c. transitive. Biology. To repeat (an evolutionary stage or process) during embryonic development (cf. recapitulation n.¹ 1c). Also in extended use. Occasionally also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > evolution > evolve [verb (transitive)] > processes or types of evolution

recapitulate1874

specialize1897

1874 Amer. Naturalist 8 37 The individual, in the course of its own development from the egg to the fully formed state, recapitulates within that short period of time the various forms which its ancestry presented in consecutive epochs of the world's history.

1890 E. R. Lankester Advancem. Sci. i. 43 Suppose..that the Barnacles..instead of recapitulating in their early life, were to develop directly from the egg to the adult form.

1904 G. S. Hall Adolescence I. ii. 55 The great biogenic law that the individual recapitulates the growth stages of his race.

a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. ii. 16 Amphibians..made the transition long ago from water to dry land—a very important step which they usually recapitulate in every generation.

1971 H. S. Kushner When Children ask about God ii. 29 Once again, we see how humanity's slow process of religious evolution is recapitulated in the individual child.

1998 C. Mims When we Die (1999) i. 4 Our tail and our gill slits, for instance, present in the early embryo as we recapitulate our origin from primitive vertebrates, must be altered and diminished at later stages in development.

Derivatives

ˌrecaˈpitulated adj.

ΚΠ

1797 M. Robinson Walsingham IV. lxxxv. 198 How perpetually did memory turn to past events, and at every recapitulated scene bid me shrink almost to annihilation.

1833 G. S. Faber Recapit. Apostasy p. x Popery, whatever vizard the theological Proteus may wear,..is still..a form of recapitulated Roman apostasy.

1969 Tempo No. 88. 56 The recapitulated music has a familiar ring even if recognition is not always immediate.

2003 Dirty Linen Feb.–Mar. 31/4 Tala'i worked up a ringing wave of recapitulated melodic shards from the gushehs that came before.

ˌrecaˈpitulating adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or fact of uniting or being united > [adjective] > having property of uniting > gathering together into one

recapitulating1610

1610 J. Selden Duello sig. A3^v Combate vpon Right of inheritance in land possessions how granted, prepared, determined: with iudgement on them, and a recapitulating conclusion.

1845 A. Symington in Ess. Christian Union viii. 467 The Redeemer in heaven is the grand recapitulating Head in which redeemed and holy creatures..are to be united.

1978 Classical Philol. 73 233 Each of these speeches except the last is followed by a recapitulating phrase.

2000 J. Frigyesi in E. Antokoletz et al. Bartok Perspectives x. 148 This interval is..defined as the opening fourth motion of the recapitulating pentatonic theme.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	recapitulate
释义	recapitulatev. Brit. /ˌriːkəˈpɪtʃᵿleɪt/, /ˌriːkəˈpɪtjᵿleɪt/, U.S. /ˌrikəˈpɪtʃəˌleɪt/ Forms: 1500s–1600s recapitulate (past participle), 1500s– recapitulate, 1600s recapitulat (chiefly Scottish). Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin recapitulat-, recapitulare. Etymology: < post-classical Latin recapitulat-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of recapitulare to sum up, summarize (Vulgate) < classical Latin re- re- prefix + capitulum , in its post-classical Latin sense ‘chapter, section’ (see capitle n.), after ancient Greek ἀνακεϕαλαιοῦσθαι (see anacephalaeosis n.). (Post-classical Latin capitulare capitulate v. is significantly later.) Compare earlier recapitulation n.¹, recapitulator n.Compare Middle French recapituler (c1360; French récapituler), Old Occitan recapitolar (13th cent.), recapitular (1420; Occitan recapitular), Catalan recapitular (13th cent.), Spanish recapitular (1495 or earlier), Portuguese recapitular (15th cent.), Italian ricapitolare (a1704; a1342 as †recapitolare), all in sense ‘to summarize’. 1. a. transitive. To gather or bring together; to sum up or unite in one.Esp. in theological use, with reference to Jesus Christ: cf. recapitulation n.¹ 2. ΚΠ 1551 S. Gardiner Explic. Catholique Fayth f. 34 So we should throughly remembre him for our parte, with the true confession of this mystery, wherin is recapitulate a memorial of al giftes & misteryes, that God in Christ hath wrought for vs. a1626 L. Andrewes XCVI Serm. (1631) iii. 21 That this Mysterie is..the fulfilling of all Prophecies; That all Moses veiles, and all the Prophets' visions, are recapitulate in it. 1723 J. Reynolds Inq. State & Œcon. Angelical Worlds xxiii. 74 To recapitulate and recollect all Things (all the blessed Creation) in Christ, as the universal Head. 1753 B. Holloway Let. & Spirit 136 Christ thus recapitulating and uniting all in one in himself. 1859 M. W. Jacobus Notes on Acts Apostles 99 The reconciling of all things in Himself, both in earth and in heaven..and the recapitulating—gathering together in one, under one Head—all things in Christ..of Jews and Gentiles. 1874 H. R. Reynolds John the Baptist iii. §3. 197 The two offices were alike recapitulated in the person of Him who is at once our Prophet and our Priest. 1959 PMLA 74 9 Jesus is still regarded as the second Adam, recapitulating in His Person the entire human race. 1984 R. D. Gooder in H. James Bostonians p. xviii The inward reality of the real and great and threatened Boston..is all recapitulated in the figure of Olive Chancellor. 2001 E. Osborn Irenaeus of Lyons v. 102 When the whole human race is recapitulated, united in Christ, human mortality is included. †b. intransitive. To come together into one. Also transitive (reflexive) in same sense. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or fact of uniting or being united > unite [verb (intransitive)] > gather together into one recapitulatea1626 a1626 L. Andrewes XCVI Serm. (1631) xvi. 152 The Head is (as it were) the Summe of all sense; motion, speech, understanding, all recapitulate into the Head. a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1958) IX. 175 Truly, even this first work,..to recapitulate our selves, to assemble and muster our selves [etc.]. 2. a. transitive. To go through or repeat again, usually in a more concise manner; to go over the main points or substance of (an argument, statement, etc.); to summarize, restate briefly. Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > narration > narrate, relate, or tell [verb (transitive)] > summarize resume?a1425 recapitle?a1439 recapitule1489 recapitulate1556 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or fact of uniting or being united > unite [verb (transitive)] > gather together into one recapitulate1556 the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > describe [verb (transitive)] > sum up comprehendc1369 concludec1405 resume?a1425 recapitle?a1439 recapitule1489 comprisea1533 recapitulate1556 compendiate1614 anacephalize1654 subsumea1677 summarize1808 sum-totalize1837 recap1911 1556 J. Heywood Spider & Flie sig. Kiv^v The flie (after a fewe woordes concerninge appeale) doeth brefely recapitulate theffect passed in the principall case. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 7/1 Wherof as mention is touched before, so brieflye to recapitulate the same. 1607 T. Rogers Faith, Doctr., & Relig. Pref. sig. ¶¶3^v These, and many mo[r]e (too many heere to be recapitulate)..this first subscription brought first to light. 1642 T. Fuller Holy State iv. viii. 275 Judge Markham in a grave speech did recapitulate, select and collate the materiall points on either side. 1647 J. Goodwin Divine Authority Script. 49 But for the present we only recapitulate. 1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) 108 I would summ up the Particulars of this Second Head, if the Examiner's Performance could bear recapitulating. 1768 H. Walpole Hist. Doubts 121 I will recapitulate the most material arguments that tend to disprove what has been asserted. 1783 E. Burke Speech Fox's E. India Bill in Wks. (1826) IV. 27 It only remains..for me just to recapitulate some heads. 1794 J. Beekman Let. 19 Feb. in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) III. 1233 I need not recapitulate any further than by saying that Mr. Leonard Ten Broeck had desired his Brother-in-law..to pay off his Bond given my Father..to his Order in London. 1821 W. M. Craig Lect. Drawing viii. 428 My object being now merely to recapitulate, I give you the rules without the reasoning. 1861 A. Beresford-Hope Eng. Cathedral of 19th Cent. 205 All that I feel bound to do is to recapitulate the alternative possibilities. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) I. 404 Socrates recapitulates the argument of Cebes. 1900 Times 13 Apr. 6/1 It is necessary briefly to recapitulate, for purposes of classification, the course of a wounded soldier from the spot where he falls on the field to his comfortable bed in a base hospital. 1936 W. S. Churchill Let. 21 Feb. in W. S. Churchill & C. S. Churchill Speaking for Themselves (1999) xvii. 412 I then recapitulated the whole case ag[ain]st their marriage or engagement. 1964 ‘N. Blake’ Sad Variety i. 11 Let me recapitulate. You will pick up the equipment here and drive down..on 18th December. 2005 S. M. Stern Week World stood Still iii. 184 Thompson eagerly recapitulated the arguments he had made during the president's absence. b. transitive. Music. Esp. in sonata form: to restate (a theme which has been stated earlier in the same movement), typically in a modified form. Cf. recapitulation n.¹ 1b. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > perform (music) [verb (transitive)] > specific style or technique squeak1577 tinkle1582 divide1590 shake1611 slur1746 da capo1764 rattlea1766 to run over ——1789 skirl1818 spread?1822 develop1838 arpeggio1864 propose1864 recapitulate1873 jazz1915 lilt1916 jazzify1927 thump1929 schmaltz1936 belt1947 stroke1969 funkify1973 scratch1984 scratch-mix1985 1873 H. C. Banister Music iii. xxxvii. 213 The substance of the First Part is then recapitulated with little alteration, but such as is necessary to keep the key. 1909 C. H. H. Parry J. S. Bach xiii. 487 The course of things flows uninterruptedly..until it arrives back at the principal key; when, in most deliberate fashion..the first subject is duly recapitulated, and the prelude-figure, following on in turn, makes a charming little circuit of harmonies. 1935 J. Erskine Musical Compan. ii. 178 The overture..usually consists of two or three welldefined themes that undergo a restricted amount of development and are then recapitulated in brief before a coda. 1959 D. Cooke Lang. Music v. 250 The second subject of the finale picks up the six-note chromatic scale..; when it is recapitulated, the same notes are used in the bass. 2001 Black Music Res. Jrnl. 21 251 The settings in the Negro Melodies typically present the tune and then recapitulate the opening music. c. transitive. Biology. To repeat (an evolutionary stage or process) during embryonic development (cf. recapitulation n.¹ 1c). Also in extended use. Occasionally also intransitive. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > evolution > evolve [verb (transitive)] > processes or types of evolution recapitulate1874 specialize1897 1874 Amer. Naturalist 8 37 The individual, in the course of its own development from the egg to the fully formed state, recapitulates within that short period of time the various forms which its ancestry presented in consecutive epochs of the world's history. 1890 E. R. Lankester Advancem. Sci. i. 43 Suppose..that the Barnacles..instead of recapitulating in their early life, were to develop directly from the egg to the adult form. 1904 G. S. Hall Adolescence I. ii. 55 The great biogenic law that the individual recapitulates the growth stages of his race. a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. ii. 16 Amphibians..made the transition long ago from water to dry land—a very important step which they usually recapitulate in every generation. 1971 H. S. Kushner When Children ask about God ii. 29 Once again, we see how humanity's slow process of religious evolution is recapitulated in the individual child. 1998 C. Mims When we Die (1999) i. 4 Our tail and our gill slits, for instance, present in the early embryo as we recapitulate our origin from primitive vertebrates, must be altered and diminished at later stages in development. Derivatives ˌrecaˈpitulated adj. ΚΠ 1797 M. Robinson Walsingham IV. lxxxv. 198 How perpetually did memory turn to past events, and at every recapitulated scene bid me shrink almost to annihilation. 1833 G. S. Faber Recapit. Apostasy p. x Popery, whatever vizard the theological Proteus may wear,..is still..a form of recapitulated Roman apostasy. 1969 Tempo No. 88. 56 The recapitulated music has a familiar ring even if recognition is not always immediate. 2003 Dirty Linen Feb.–Mar. 31/4 Tala'i worked up a ringing wave of recapitulated melodic shards from the gushehs that came before. ˌrecaˈpitulating adj. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or fact of uniting or being united > [adjective] > having property of uniting > gathering together into one recapitulating1610 1610 J. Selden Duello sig. A3^v Combate vpon Right of inheritance in land possessions how granted, prepared, determined: with iudgement on them, and a recapitulating conclusion. 1845 A. Symington in Ess. Christian Union viii. 467 The Redeemer in heaven is the grand recapitulating Head in which redeemed and holy creatures..are to be united. 1978 Classical Philol. 73 233 Each of these speeches except the last is followed by a recapitulating phrase. 2000 J. Frigyesi in E. Antokoletz et al. Bartok Perspectives x. 148 This interval is..defined as the opening fourth motion of the recapitulating pentatonic theme. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < v.1551
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