recommendationn.

Brit.

/ˌrɛkəmɛnˈdeɪʃn/,

/ˌrɛkəm(ə)nˈdeɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌrɛkəmənˈdeɪʃ(ə)n/,

/ˌrɛkəˌmɛnˈdeɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: late Middle English recemendacion (transmission error), late Middle English recomendacion, late Middle English recomendacione, late Middle English recomendacioun, late Middle English recomendacyon, late Middle English recommendatyon, late Middle English–1500s recommendacion, late Middle English–1600s recomendation, 1500s raycomendacyson, 1500s– recommendation, 1600s recomendacon; Scottish pre-1700 recomendatioun, pre-1700 recomendatioune, pre-1700 recommendatione, pre-1700 recommendatioun, pre-1700 recommendatiounn, pre-1700 reconmendatioun, pre-1700 1700s– recommendation.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French recommendation; Latin recommendation-, recommendatio.

Etymology: Partly < Anglo-Norman recommendacione, recomendacione, Anglo-Norman and Middle French recommendacion (also Middle French recommandacion , recommandation ) (French recommandation ) action of recommending or committing a person to another's care or protection (1150 in Old French), action of recommending something to a person, advice (c1370), prayer (15th cent.), commendation, esteem (c1470), testimonial, letter, certificate, statement, etc. of recommendation (1580; < recommander recommand v.¹ + -ation -ation suffix), and partly < post-classical Latin recommendation-, recommendatio action of commending oneself to another's remembrance, message of this nature (frequently from 1218 in British sources; also in continental sources), commendation, praise (1382, 1461 in British sources), action of entrusting or commending, action of recommending as worthy or desirable (14th cent. in British sources), warning, exhortation (in an undated source in Du Cange) < recommendat- , past participial stem of recommendare recommend v.¹ + classical Latin -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Spanish recomendación (c1460), Portuguese recomendação (15th cent.), and also Italian raccomandazione (14th cent.).

†1. The action of consigning, entrusting, or commending; cf. recommend v.¹ 2.

a. The action of recommending oneself to another's remembrance; a message of this nature, greetings, regards, compliments. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > [noun] > remembrance or greetings sent

recommendation1427

commend1488

commendation1529

complement1578

recado1615

remembrances1631

compliment1733

1427 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1834) III. 259 (MED) Þe said Gartier, after presentacion of his lettres with gretyng on þe Kinges behalf and recomendacion of þe lordes of þe consail..shal say, [etc.].

1430 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) IV. 73 (MED) Þe seid Lord Scrope after most humble recommendacion..shal declare..þe communicacion had bitwix þe Kyng of Scottes and hym.

?1456 H. Windsor in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 144 After humble and due recommendacion, please it your gode maistership to vnderstand [etc.].

?1533 G. Du Wes Introductorie for to lerne Frenche sig. Tiii I you pray to do my most humble recommendations to the good grace of the kyng.

1613 W. Crashawe in A. Whitaker Good Newes from Virginia sig. D That as your Lordship hath bin..a furtherer of al..good works; So you may continue to the end:..And so with humble recomendation of my seruice, [I] do take my leaue and rest.

1634 Malory's Most Anc. Hist. Prince Arthur ii. cxlv The letter..said thus..I send to all Knights arraunt recommendation.

b. The action of recommending or committing to another's care; (hence) care, protection. Also: an instance of this. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > [noun]

lookingc1300

keepingc1380

charge1389

keepa1400

procuration?a1425

charchec1426

tuition1436

recommendation1483

fostera1500

sussy1513

carec1540

overlooking1565

regard1596

overview1598

accurance1677

protectiveness1847

protectingness1852

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > [noun] > entrusting to another's care or keeping

fastingeOE

recommendation1483

commendation1583

committance1593

commitment1602

entrustment1634

entrusting1642

betrust1656

committal1802

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 100/2 The fourth [privilege] is the recomendacion of the moder of god.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1537) f. 91^v Remembre she is..thy mother adoptife..wherfore I leue her vnder thy recommendation.

1557 M. Basset tr. T. More Treat. Passion in Wks. 1400/1 At hys recommendacion [he] tooke hir from thencefoorth as hys owne [mother].

1636 St. Austin's Care for Dead 12 The Priests prayers which are vtterd to our Lord God at his Altar, also the recomendation o' the ded.

1727 tr. G. Panciroli Hist. Many Memorable Things I. Pref. After an humble Recommendation of this Copy to the candid Perusal of all those who..do not understand the Original, I take leave to withdraw from giving the reader any farther Trouble.

1837 J. Duncan Message to Assembly 11 July in Jrnl. Senate Gen. Assembly Illinois 11 I will leave this subject with an earnest recommendation of it to your fostering care: hoping that this great work will be carried forward.

†2. Commendation or praise; favour, repute, esteem. Cf. recommend v.¹ 1. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > [noun]

talec1175

daintya1250

price?a1300

accounta1393

recommendation1433

conceita1438

opiniona1450

tendershipc1460

regard?1533

sense1565

mense1567

sake1590

eye1597

consideration1598

esteem1611

choicea1616

recommends1623

value1637

appreciation1650

mass1942

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > [noun]

nameOE

wordOE

honestya1382

rumoura1387

recommendation1433

wealc1500

wellc1500

credit1529

repute1598

renowna1616

recommends1623

commendation1631

character1649

merit1752

stock1930

1433 Rolls of Parl. IV. 423/2 He was basshid yerof, heryng ye grete recomendation yat ye saide Communys gafe hym, for so litill service.

?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 127 (MED) Holy scripture holdith her in gret recomendacion.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde iii. xiii. 164 They that gladly myssaye of peple of recommendacion.

1483 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (new ed.) sig. aii It is a werke of ryght special recomendacion.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxxxi. 314 They..were..well receyued,..bycause they were lordes and knightes of great recommendacion.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) xx. 145 The neutralite of cicero deseruis recommendatione.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. xvii. 102 b The Turkes haue aboue all thinges charitie in greate recommendation.

1685 C. Cotton tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. II. xvii. 493 Beauty is a thing of great recommendation in the correspondency amongst men.

a. letter of recommendation: a letter recommending a person as worthy or suitable; (also) a letter of introduction. Occasionally figurative. Cf. recommendatory letter n. at recommendatory adj. Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > correspondence > letter > [noun] > letter of recommendation

letter of recommendation1457

recommendatory letter1592

recommendation1676

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > recommendation > [noun] > letter of recommendation

letter of recommendation1457

testimonial1571

recommendatory letter1592

recommendation1676

testimonium1692

testamur1840

1457 in Hist. MSS Comm.: Rep. MSS Var. Coll. (1907) IV. 85 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 3218) LXIV. 1 We haue..writen vnto you..our seueralx lettres of especial Recommendacion for our Right Wel-beloued Clerc Maistre Johan Hals..vnto the Deanrie of the Cathedrall Chirche.

a1500 in Englische Studien (1885) 8 279 (MED) Good lettres of recomendacione fro the Duke of the lordshipe of Venyse to their counseill in Egypte and Surre werene good to be hadde.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. cxv. f. liii He therfore sent to hym a great summe of Golde, with letters of Recommendacion, exortynge hym in the defence of the Churche of Rome.

1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 95 An honest ingenious looke is a good letter of recommendation of it selfe.

1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 130 The Duke of Holstein..gave him Letters of Recommendation to the Great Duke of Muscovy.

1700 B. Colman Gospel Order Revived 28 The Practice of the Churches of New-England in granting Letters of Dismission or Recommendation from one Church to another.

1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield II. i. 3 Upon my arrival in town, Sir, my first care was to deliver your letter of recommendation to our cousin.

1810 J. Adams Wks. (1854) IX. 626 His conduct to our President..is not, however, a letter of recommendation of his temper, policy, or discretion.

1870 J. H. Burton Hist. Scotl. to 1688 VI. lx. 55 (note) They complained that the ambassador had only a letter of recommendation in place of a letter of credit.

1920 E. Wharton Age of Innocence iii. 17 He had come to America with letters of recommendation from old Mrs. Manson Mingott's..son-in-law.

2006 Express (Nexis) 2 Sept. 22 [He] is an accomplished conman who himself wrote the letters of recommendation that led to his nomination for the honour.

b. The action or an act of recommending a person or thing as worthy, desirable, or advisable. Cf. recommend v.¹ 4, 6.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > recommendation > [noun]

commend1488

recommendation1546

commendation1555

commendment1601

motioning1620

commendo1628

commendinga1661

testimonializing1891

1546 Bp. S. Gardiner Let. 19 Jan. (1933) 224 He is of Monsieur de Praettes recommendation.

1578 Reg. Privy Council Scotl. III. 25 [He must proceed by himself] uncareing langer for thair recommendatioun of ony [person].

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xlii. 296 Kings..may receive Schoolmasters for their Subjects from the recommendation of a stranger.

1698 L. Milbourne Notes Dryden's Virgil 43 A very odd Phrase in English,..not to be Endenizen'd on the Recommendation of Mr. Dryden.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 94. ⁋5 Buying at his Shop upon my Recommendation.

a1777 S. Foote Trip to Calais (1778) ii. 46 You have a notion that I should bring a..fortune to this spouse of your recommendation?

1818 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1959) IV. 821 That he should have acceded to it on the recommendation of men who had not had an hour to think on the subject..does prove a weakness of mind.

1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. ix. iii. 323 He had no..restrictions about food, except a recommendation of abstinence, as tending to exalt the mind.

1978 L. Kramer Faggots 23 On his recommendation they decided not to press charges.

1990 A. C. Amor William Holman Hunt (new ed.) iv. 55 At Woolner's recommendation, they took inexpensive lodgings at 4, Rue Geoffroy Marie.

2004 H. Kennedy Just Law (2005) vi. 145 Appointments made by the Queen on the recommendation of the Chief Justice.

c. Frequently in plural. A letter, certificate, statement, etc., of recommendation; a testimonial.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > correspondence > letter > [noun] > letter of recommendation

letter of recommendation1457

recommendatory letter1592

recommendation1676

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > recommendation > [noun] > letter of recommendation

letter of recommendation1457

testimonial1571

recommendatory letter1592

recommendation1676

testimonium1692

testamur1840

1676 I. Newton Let. 14 Nov. in Corr. (1960) II. 181 I am desired to write to you about procuring a recommendation of us to Mr Austin.

a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 422 I enquird out a Priest, and Dr. Montalbano, to whom I brought recommendations from Rome.

1719 G. French Answer to Scurrilous Libel 111 The latter carry'd an humble Recommendation of Lieut. Gen. Hamilton, as a Person worthy to be honour'd.

1766 N.Y. Gaz. 25 Dec. (advt.) Good Masters Colliers,..bringing Recommendations with them, will be encouraged at Tanton and Atsion Forges.

1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. Recommendation, in a military sense, a certificate, stating an individual to be properly qualified for a situation in the army.

1870 ‘F. Fern’ Ginger-snaps 22 The last lady she lived with, in the ‘recommendation’ with which she got her own neck out of the noose, put yours into it by omitting to mention this little fact.

1915 W. S. Maugham Of Human Bondage xcix. 524 He replied to those [advertisements] which asked for letters; but he had no experience to state and no recommendations.

1997 Icon Thoughtstyle Mag. Apr. 28/2 On the strength of his portfolio and recommendations from his bosses at Wang, he was accepted into Yale's M.F.A. program for graphic design.

a. Exhortation, advice to do something; (also) an instance of this, an exhortation, a piece of advice. Cf. recommend v.¹ 7.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun]

redeOE

rathec1175

counsel?c1225

governaila1382

advicec1390

advisement1409

visingc1480

vicea1500

manuduction1502

recommending1575

recommendation1585

aread1590

paraenesis1593

consult1654

guidant1691

advisal1765

shauri1874

1585 Earl of Leicester in J. L. Motley Hist. United Netherlands (1860) I. v. 280 I would he were in Fort Rammekyns..with a recommendation from me to Russell to look well to him.

1693 W. Wotton tr. L. E. Du Pin New Hist. Eccl. Writers II. 52 Eusebius's Recommendation, to teach others to deny Jesus Christ.

a1794 C. Fearne Posthumous Wks. (1797) 444 The purchaser could not more effectually have pursued my recommendation to him, to be well advised upon the occasion, than by submitting the matter to Mr. —.

1833 in K. Laybourn Brit. Trade Unionism (1991) 37 The recommendation of Sir Robert Peel, ‘to take our own affairs into our own hands’.

1884 J. Douglas in 19th Cent. Dec. 854 A strong recommendation to federate, which came from a Royal Commission..at Melbourne.

1903 Engineering 17 Apr. 517/1 [They] resolved to adopt their architect's recommendation to have recourse to a raft of..ferro-concrete over the whole area of the ground.

1949 Our Industry (Anglo-Iranian Oil Co.) (ed. 2) ii. 31 If the exploration work culminates in a recommendation to drill at a certain point a rig is moved in.

2000 N.Y. Times 13 Jan. c5/6 Our recommendation to Microsoft is to take the bold step to settle immediately.

b. That which is recommended; a suggestion or proposal, now esp. one put forward by an authoritative body.

ΚΠ

1620 J. Webbe tr. Cicero Familiar Epist. xii. xxvi. 676 And of my recommendation the substance is this; that you will not permit, that Erotes Furius..vsurpe the inheritance of Furius.

1774 S. Cooper Let. 15 Aug. in B. Franklin Papers (1978) XXI. 275 Should it [sc. the Assembly] recommend either a Non Importation, or a Non consumption of British goods the Recommendation would be almost universally adopted.

1838 T. Arnold in A. P. Stanley Life of Dr. Arnold (1844) II. 114 The recommendation of the Vice-Chancellor, that the Examinations should be conducted entirely through the medium of printed papers.

1866 G. Bancroft Hist. U.S. IX. xxvi. 448 A recommendation that inter-citizenship should be confined to the white man.

1911 G. B. Shaw Shewing-up Blanco Posnet Pref. in Doctor's Dilemma 299 How this was effected may be gathered from the recommendations finally agreed on.

1976 Daily Tel. 20 July 2/3 A report following a public enquiry into the disaster made a number of observations and recommendations.

2005 Allergy Apr. 101/1 Your therapist will..devise a specialised health programme with recommendations for herbal medicines.

5. A quality, circumstance, or thing which procures a favourable reception or acceptance (frequently in negative constructions). Cf. recommend v.¹ 5.In quot. 1682 perhaps a figurative use of sense 3c.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > quality of being approvable or acceptable > [noun] > something which is approvable

something like1580

recommendation1679

M.F.N.1942

1679 H. Dodwell Separation Churches from Episcopal Govt. xx. 473 I am sure this supposition is extremely different from all Precedents of humane Politicks, which is no great recommendation of its likelihood.

1682 tr. O. Cromwell Let. in Miltons Republican-lett. 116 He may come back..perfected in all manner of good accomplishments,..albeit he is, if I mistake not, one who carries his owne Recomendation wherever he goes.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 9 Upon no other advantage or recommendation, than of the Beauty..of his Person.

1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. xiii. 334 ‘His family was known to my father,’ said Emily... ‘O! that is no recommendation at all,’ replied her aunt,..‘he took such strange fancies to people.’

1831 Westm. Rev. 15 93 But we are not aware that servilism, and sycophancy,..ought to be considered as essential recommendations in an historian.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xx. 384 A worthless adventurer, whose only recommendation was that he was a Papist.

1895 T. Hardy Jude iii. x. 241 Melchester, which had the questionable recommendation of being only a dozen and a half miles from his Sue's now permanent residence.

1918 W. M. Kirkland Joys of being Woman iv. 38 A capacity for being jumped upon, far from being a recommendation in a piece of luggage, is distinctly a detraction.

2005 J. Witcover Making of Ink-Stained Wretch vi. 87 Romney himself was forever putting his foot in his mouth—hardly a recommendation for the presidency.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	recommendation
释义	recommendationn. Brit. /ˌrɛkəmɛnˈdeɪʃn/, /ˌrɛkəm(ə)nˈdeɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌrɛkəmənˈdeɪʃ(ə)n/, /ˌrɛkəˌmɛnˈdeɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: late Middle English recemendacion (transmission error), late Middle English recomendacion, late Middle English recomendacione, late Middle English recomendacioun, late Middle English recomendacyon, late Middle English recommendatyon, late Middle English–1500s recommendacion, late Middle English–1600s recomendation, 1500s raycomendacyson, 1500s– recommendation, 1600s recomendacon; Scottish pre-1700 recomendatioun, pre-1700 recomendatioune, pre-1700 recommendatione, pre-1700 recommendatioun, pre-1700 recommendatiounn, pre-1700 reconmendatioun, pre-1700 1700s– recommendation. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French recommendation; Latin recommendation-, recommendatio. Etymology: Partly < Anglo-Norman recommendacione, recomendacione, Anglo-Norman and Middle French recommendacion (also Middle French recommandacion , recommandation ) (French recommandation ) action of recommending or committing a person to another's care or protection (1150 in Old French), action of recommending something to a person, advice (c1370), prayer (15th cent.), commendation, esteem (c1470), testimonial, letter, certificate, statement, etc. of recommendation (1580; < recommander recommand v.¹ + -ation -ation suffix), and partly < post-classical Latin recommendation-, recommendatio action of commending oneself to another's remembrance, message of this nature (frequently from 1218 in British sources; also in continental sources), commendation, praise (1382, 1461 in British sources), action of entrusting or commending, action of recommending as worthy or desirable (14th cent. in British sources), warning, exhortation (in an undated source in Du Cange) < recommendat- , past participial stem of recommendare recommend v.¹ + classical Latin -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Spanish recomendación (c1460), Portuguese recomendação (15th cent.), and also Italian raccomandazione (14th cent.). †1. The action of consigning, entrusting, or commending; cf. recommend v.¹ 2. a. The action of recommending oneself to another's remembrance; a message of this nature, greetings, regards, compliments. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > [noun] > remembrance or greetings sent recommendation1427 commend1488 commendation1529 complement1578 recado1615 remembrances1631 compliment1733 1427 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1834) III. 259 (MED) Þe said Gartier, after presentacion of his lettres with gretyng on þe Kinges behalf and recomendacion of þe lordes of þe consail..shal say, [etc.]. 1430 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) IV. 73 (MED) Þe seid Lord Scrope after most humble recommendacion..shal declare..þe communicacion had bitwix þe Kyng of Scottes and hym. ?1456 H. Windsor in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 144 After humble and due recommendacion, please it your gode maistership to vnderstand [etc.]. ?1533 G. Du Wes Introductorie for to lerne Frenche sig. Tiii I you pray to do my most humble recommendations to the good grace of the kyng. 1613 W. Crashawe in A. Whitaker Good Newes from Virginia sig. D That as your Lordship hath bin..a furtherer of al..good works; So you may continue to the end:..And so with humble recomendation of my seruice, [I] do take my leaue and rest. 1634 Malory's Most Anc. Hist. Prince Arthur ii. cxlv The letter..said thus..I send to all Knights arraunt recommendation. b. The action of recommending or committing to another's care; (hence) care, protection. Also: an instance of this. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > [noun] lookingc1300 keepingc1380 charge1389 keepa1400 procuration?a1425 charchec1426 tuition1436 recommendation1483 fostera1500 sussy1513 carec1540 overlooking1565 regard1596 overview1598 accurance1677 protectiveness1847 protectingness1852 the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > [noun] > entrusting to another's care or keeping fastingeOE recommendation1483 commendation1583 committance1593 commitment1602 entrustment1634 entrusting1642 betrust1656 committal1802 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 100/2 The fourth [privilege] is the recomendacion of the moder of god. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1537) f. 91^v Remembre she is..thy mother adoptife..wherfore I leue her vnder thy recommendation. 1557 M. Basset tr. T. More Treat. Passion in Wks. 1400/1 At hys recommendacion [he] tooke hir from thencefoorth as hys owne [mother]. 1636 St. Austin's Care for Dead 12 The Priests prayers which are vtterd to our Lord God at his Altar, also the recomendation o' the ded. 1727 tr. G. Panciroli Hist. Many Memorable Things I. Pref. After an humble Recommendation of this Copy to the candid Perusal of all those who..do not understand the Original, I take leave to withdraw from giving the reader any farther Trouble. 1837 J. Duncan Message to Assembly 11 July in Jrnl. Senate Gen. Assembly Illinois 11 I will leave this subject with an earnest recommendation of it to your fostering care: hoping that this great work will be carried forward. †2. Commendation or praise; favour, repute, esteem. Cf. recommend v.¹ 1. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > [noun] talec1175 daintya1250 price?a1300 accounta1393 recommendation1433 conceita1438 opiniona1450 tendershipc1460 regard?1533 sense1565 mense1567 sake1590 eye1597 consideration1598 esteem1611 choicea1616 recommends1623 value1637 appreciation1650 mass1942 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > [noun] nameOE wordOE honestya1382 rumoura1387 recommendation1433 wealc1500 wellc1500 credit1529 repute1598 renowna1616 recommends1623 commendation1631 character1649 merit1752 stock1930 1433 Rolls of Parl. IV. 423/2 He was basshid yerof, heryng ye grete recomendation yat ye saide Communys gafe hym, for so litill service. ?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 127 (MED) Holy scripture holdith her in gret recomendacion. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde iii. xiii. 164 They that gladly myssaye of peple of recommendacion. 1483 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (new ed.) sig. aii It is a werke of ryght special recomendacion. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxxxi. 314 They..were..well receyued,..bycause they were lordes and knightes of great recommendacion. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) xx. 145 The neutralite of cicero deseruis recommendatione. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. xvii. 102 b The Turkes haue aboue all thinges charitie in greate recommendation. 1685 C. Cotton tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. II. xvii. 493 Beauty is a thing of great recommendation in the correspondency amongst men. 3. a. letter of recommendation: a letter recommending a person as worthy or suitable; (also) a letter of introduction. Occasionally figurative. Cf. recommendatory letter n. at recommendatory adj. Compounds. ΘΚΠ society > communication > correspondence > letter > [noun] > letter of recommendation letter of recommendation1457 recommendatory letter1592 recommendation1676 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > recommendation > [noun] > letter of recommendation letter of recommendation1457 testimonial1571 recommendatory letter1592 recommendation1676 testimonium1692 testamur1840 1457 in Hist. MSS Comm.: Rep. MSS Var. Coll. (1907) IV. 85 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 3218) LXIV. 1 We haue..writen vnto you..our seueralx lettres of especial Recommendacion for our Right Wel-beloued Clerc Maistre Johan Hals..vnto the Deanrie of the Cathedrall Chirche. a1500 in Englische Studien (1885) 8 279 (MED) Good lettres of recomendacione fro the Duke of the lordshipe of Venyse to their counseill in Egypte and Surre werene good to be hadde. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. cxv. f. liii He therfore sent to hym a great summe of Golde, with letters of Recommendacion, exortynge hym in the defence of the Churche of Rome. 1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 95 An honest ingenious looke is a good letter of recommendation of it selfe. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 130 The Duke of Holstein..gave him Letters of Recommendation to the Great Duke of Muscovy. 1700 B. Colman Gospel Order Revived 28 The Practice of the Churches of New-England in granting Letters of Dismission or Recommendation from one Church to another. 1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield II. i. 3 Upon my arrival in town, Sir, my first care was to deliver your letter of recommendation to our cousin. 1810 J. Adams Wks. (1854) IX. 626 His conduct to our President..is not, however, a letter of recommendation of his temper, policy, or discretion. 1870 J. H. Burton Hist. Scotl. to 1688 VI. lx. 55 (note) They complained that the ambassador had only a letter of recommendation in place of a letter of credit. 1920 E. Wharton Age of Innocence iii. 17 He had come to America with letters of recommendation from old Mrs. Manson Mingott's..son-in-law. 2006 Express (Nexis) 2 Sept. 22 [He] is an accomplished conman who himself wrote the letters of recommendation that led to his nomination for the honour. b. The action or an act of recommending a person or thing as worthy, desirable, or advisable. Cf. recommend v.¹ 4, 6. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > recommendation > [noun] commend1488 recommendation1546 commendation1555 commendment1601 motioning1620 commendo1628 commendinga1661 testimonializing1891 1546 Bp. S. Gardiner Let. 19 Jan. (1933) 224 He is of Monsieur de Praettes recommendation. 1578 Reg. Privy Council Scotl. III. 25 [He must proceed by himself] uncareing langer for thair recommendatioun of ony [person]. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xlii. 296 Kings..may receive Schoolmasters for their Subjects from the recommendation of a stranger. 1698 L. Milbourne Notes Dryden's Virgil 43 A very odd Phrase in English,..not to be Endenizen'd on the Recommendation of Mr. Dryden. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 94. ⁋5 Buying at his Shop upon my Recommendation. a1777 S. Foote Trip to Calais (1778) ii. 46 You have a notion that I should bring a..fortune to this spouse of your recommendation? 1818 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1959) IV. 821 That he should have acceded to it on the recommendation of men who had not had an hour to think on the subject..does prove a weakness of mind. 1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. ix. iii. 323 He had no..restrictions about food, except a recommendation of abstinence, as tending to exalt the mind. 1978 L. Kramer Faggots 23 On his recommendation they decided not to press charges. 1990 A. C. Amor William Holman Hunt (new ed.) iv. 55 At Woolner's recommendation, they took inexpensive lodgings at 4, Rue Geoffroy Marie. 2004 H. Kennedy Just Law (2005) vi. 145 Appointments made by the Queen on the recommendation of the Chief Justice. c. Frequently in plural. A letter, certificate, statement, etc., of recommendation; a testimonial. ΘΚΠ society > communication > correspondence > letter > [noun] > letter of recommendation letter of recommendation1457 recommendatory letter1592 recommendation1676 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > recommendation > [noun] > letter of recommendation letter of recommendation1457 testimonial1571 recommendatory letter1592 recommendation1676 testimonium1692 testamur1840 1676 I. Newton Let. 14 Nov. in Corr. (1960) II. 181 I am desired to write to you about procuring a recommendation of us to Mr Austin. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 422 I enquird out a Priest, and Dr. Montalbano, to whom I brought recommendations from Rome. 1719 G. French Answer to Scurrilous Libel 111 The latter carry'd an humble Recommendation of Lieut. Gen. Hamilton, as a Person worthy to be honour'd. 1766 N.Y. Gaz. 25 Dec. (advt.) Good Masters Colliers,..bringing Recommendations with them, will be encouraged at Tanton and Atsion Forges. 1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. Recommendation, in a military sense, a certificate, stating an individual to be properly qualified for a situation in the army. 1870 ‘F. Fern’ Ginger-snaps 22 The last lady she lived with, in the ‘recommendation’ with which she got her own neck out of the noose, put yours into it by omitting to mention this little fact. 1915 W. S. Maugham Of Human Bondage xcix. 524 He replied to those [advertisements] which asked for letters; but he had no experience to state and no recommendations. 1997 Icon Thoughtstyle Mag. Apr. 28/2 On the strength of his portfolio and recommendations from his bosses at Wang, he was accepted into Yale's M.F.A. program for graphic design. 4. a. Exhortation, advice to do something; (also) an instance of this, an exhortation, a piece of advice. Cf. recommend v.¹ 7. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] redeOE rathec1175 counsel?c1225 governaila1382 advicec1390 advisement1409 visingc1480 vicea1500 manuduction1502 recommending1575 recommendation1585 aread1590 paraenesis1593 consult1654 guidant1691 advisal1765 shauri1874 1585 Earl of Leicester in J. L. Motley Hist. United Netherlands (1860) I. v. 280 I would he were in Fort Rammekyns..with a recommendation from me to Russell to look well to him. 1693 W. Wotton tr. L. E. Du Pin New Hist. Eccl. Writers II. 52 Eusebius's Recommendation, to teach others to deny Jesus Christ. a1794 C. Fearne Posthumous Wks. (1797) 444 The purchaser could not more effectually have pursued my recommendation to him, to be well advised upon the occasion, than by submitting the matter to Mr. —. 1833 in K. Laybourn Brit. Trade Unionism (1991) 37 The recommendation of Sir Robert Peel, ‘to take our own affairs into our own hands’. 1884 J. Douglas in 19th Cent. Dec. 854 A strong recommendation to federate, which came from a Royal Commission..at Melbourne. 1903 Engineering 17 Apr. 517/1 [They] resolved to adopt their architect's recommendation to have recourse to a raft of..ferro-concrete over the whole area of the ground. 1949 Our Industry (Anglo-Iranian Oil Co.) (ed. 2) ii. 31 If the exploration work culminates in a recommendation to drill at a certain point a rig is moved in. 2000 N.Y. Times 13 Jan. c5/6 Our recommendation to Microsoft is to take the bold step to settle immediately. b. That which is recommended; a suggestion or proposal, now esp. one put forward by an authoritative body. ΚΠ 1620 J. Webbe tr. Cicero Familiar Epist. xii. xxvi. 676 And of my recommendation the substance is this; that you will not permit, that Erotes Furius..vsurpe the inheritance of Furius. 1774 S. Cooper Let. 15 Aug. in B. Franklin Papers (1978) XXI. 275 Should it [sc. the Assembly] recommend either a Non Importation, or a Non consumption of British goods the Recommendation would be almost universally adopted. 1838 T. Arnold in A. P. Stanley Life of Dr. Arnold (1844) II. 114 The recommendation of the Vice-Chancellor, that the Examinations should be conducted entirely through the medium of printed papers. 1866 G. Bancroft Hist. U.S. IX. xxvi. 448 A recommendation that inter-citizenship should be confined to the white man. 1911 G. B. Shaw Shewing-up Blanco Posnet Pref. in Doctor's Dilemma 299 How this was effected may be gathered from the recommendations finally agreed on. 1976 Daily Tel. 20 July 2/3 A report following a public enquiry into the disaster made a number of observations and recommendations. 2005 Allergy Apr. 101/1 Your therapist will..devise a specialised health programme with recommendations for herbal medicines. 5. A quality, circumstance, or thing which procures a favourable reception or acceptance (frequently in negative constructions). Cf. recommend v.¹ 5.In quot. 1682 perhaps a figurative use of sense 3c. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > quality of being approvable or acceptable > [noun] > something which is approvable something like1580 recommendation1679 M.F.N.1942 1679 H. Dodwell Separation Churches from Episcopal Govt. xx. 473 I am sure this supposition is extremely different from all Precedents of humane Politicks, which is no great recommendation of its likelihood. 1682 tr. O. Cromwell Let. in Miltons Republican-lett. 116 He may come back..perfected in all manner of good accomplishments,..albeit he is, if I mistake not, one who carries his owne Recomendation wherever he goes. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 9 Upon no other advantage or recommendation, than of the Beauty..of his Person. 1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. xiii. 334 ‘His family was known to my father,’ said Emily... ‘O! that is no recommendation at all,’ replied her aunt,..‘he took such strange fancies to people.’ 1831 Westm. Rev. 15 93 But we are not aware that servilism, and sycophancy,..ought to be considered as essential recommendations in an historian. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xx. 384 A worthless adventurer, whose only recommendation was that he was a Papist. 1895 T. Hardy Jude iii. x. 241 Melchester, which had the questionable recommendation of being only a dozen and a half miles from his Sue's now permanent residence. 1918 W. M. Kirkland Joys of being Woman iv. 38 A capacity for being jumped upon, far from being a recommendation in a piece of luggage, is distinctly a detraction. 2005 J. Witcover Making of Ink-Stained Wretch vi. 87 Romney himself was forever putting his foot in his mouth—hardly a recommendation for the presidency. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1427
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