razorbackn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈreɪzəbak/, U.S.

/ˈreɪzərˌbæk/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: razor n., back n.¹

Etymology: < razor n. + back n.¹ Compare slightly earlier razor-backed adj.With senses A. 2 and B. compare earlier use as a place name:1827 P. Cunningham Two Years New S. Wales I. vi. 113 A road passes to Argyle also, but it is nine miles farther than that across the Razor-back.1831 in Hist. Rec. Austral. (1923) 3rd Ser. I. 34 The Banks of the ‘Cataract River’ over which it [sc. a road] must pass are very steep and difficult; the ‘Razor Back’ was therefore undertaken as more consistent with our means.

A. n.

a. The fin whale or common rorqual, Balaenoptera physalus. More fully razorback whale. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > order Cetacea (whales) > suborder Mystacoceti > [noun] > family Balaenopteridae > genus Balaenoptera (rorqual)

gibbert1601

jubartes1616

fin-fish1694

scrag-whale1701

fin-back1726

finner1793

razorback1815

rorqual1824

fin-whale1885

sei whale1912

1815 W. Scoresby in Ann. Philos. 6 314 The balæna physalis, or razor-back of the whale-fishers, is often seen apparently of the length of a ship.

1832 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. (ed. 2) II. 278 The other [whale]..mentioned by Sibbald..was probably a Razor-back.

1836 Uncle Philip's Conversat. Whale Fishery 34 The ‘Razor-back whale’..is longer and stronger and swifter than any other sort.

1880 Proc. Royal Geogr. Soc. 2 598 The finner, razor-back, or rorqual..is also common, Captain Foyn, of Vadsö, having captured no less than eighty-one during the summer of last year.

1940 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 34 110 ‘Fin whale’ means any whale known by the name of common finback,..herring whale, razorback, or true fin whale.

1951 Winnipeg (Manitoba) Free Press 10 Dec. 21/8 The razor-back whale is found in all seas except the extreme areas of the Arctic and Antarctic.

1999 Q. Rev. Biol. 74 422/2 Spencer countered with the rudimentary femur of the razor-back whale, a case that could only be explained, he argued, by disuse and transmission.

b. In horses, cattle, and some other animals: a narrow back with a prominent ridge-like spine; the condition of having such a back. Also: an animal with a back of this description. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [noun] > back or types of

horseback1484

razorback1844

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > bos taurus or ox > [noun] > (miscellaneous) parts of

sueta1325

oxblood?1440

fix-faxc1460

ox-head1474

nache?1523

ox-hoof1601

ox-pith1604

flank-piece1611

ox-eye1688

web1778

razorback1844

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 164 A high narrow shoulder is frequently attended with a rigid back bone, and low-set narrow hooks, a form which gets the appropriate name of razor-back.

1887 S. Powers Amer. Merino xxviii. 290 The belly becomes protuberant and pendulous, the spine is reduced to a condition which may well be termed ‘razor-back’.

1894 A. B. Bell Oscar 9 The big, red baldy's in the lead as usual, so is the magpie, the fat roan, the old razorback, and the white snailey.

1908 Animal Managem. (War Office) 25 The ‘razor’ back may..be due only to want of muscle which judicious rest, food, and work will produce.

1941 I. L. Idriess Great Boomerang vii. 51 Fine upstanding beasts... No ‘razor~backs’ going away with nothing behind. These were ‘table~tops’; you could throw your blanket on any beast and camp on his back.

c. A lean pig with the backbone forming a prominent narrow ridge along the back; esp. (U.S.) a member of a half-wild breed of pigs common in the southern United States. More fully razorback hog.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > order Artiodactyla (cloven-hoofed animals) > pig > [noun] > defined by parts

razor-backed hog1836

razorback1845

scissorbill1871

1845 South. Agriculturist July 258 Razor-back hogs and sway-back cattle, and sheep that dogs will hardly eat after killing.

1849 J. Barrow Facts Texas iii. 57 Hogs are a very numerous family, but they are of very indifferent breed, and receive the appellation of ‘razor backs’, which is significant enough of their appearance.

1867 R. S. Hawker Prose Wks. (1893) 149 Prominent among them the old Cornish razor-back asserted his pre-eminence of height and bone.

1886 Catholic World July 555 I contented myself with watching the numerous razor-back hogs that were greedily feeding on the newly-fallen mast.

1901 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 7 176 It is customary in the mountains to allow the hogs, known as ‘razor-backs’, to roam in the woods and fatten on the mast.

1924 J. Masefield Sard Harker iii. 126 It was one of the half-wild razor-back hogs which the negroes allowed to stray in the woods there.

1941 Arkansas: Guide to State (Federal Writers' Project) 99 Outside the imagination, a true razorback probably does not exist.

1992 Economist 26 Dec. 60/1 Arkansas razorbacks are not pigs; they are hogs, and the distinction is vital.

2. Chiefly Australian and New Zealand. A narrow, steep-sided ridge of land.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > ridge > [noun]

hoe?c700

rig?c1475

banda1522

ridgea1552

fall1749

dorsum1782

wave1789

spine1796

cuesta1818

bult1852

razorback1874

1874 W. M. Baines Narr. E. Crewe xi. 247 From a high ‘razor-back’, I had a magnificent view.

1890 Trans. & Proc. N.Z. Inst. 1889 22 110 Supposing the traveller to be standing on a narrow spur, or razorback, leading to the mountain-top.

1911 Chambers's Jrnl. Dec. 30/1 Twice the way led along a real ‘razor-back’. On both sides the mountain sloped precipitously.

1957 P. White Voss vi. 153 Presently the path, which had reached a razorback..wound suddenly..and plunged down.

1979 J. Williams White River 40 You didn't know the half of it till you were cornered in these barren razor-backs, working for nothing till you paid off your air-fare.

1997 B. McCrea et al. S. Afr.: Rough Guide 159 An attractive little town 70km north of Oudtshoorn, across the loops and razorbacks of the Swartberg Pass.

3. U.S. Showmen's slang. A circus hand; spec. one who loads and unloads the wagons.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > worker in specific place > [noun] > in circus

roustabout1875

razorback1886

1886 M.H. Warner Barnum Budget 74 Trainmen (or ‘razor backs’).

1897 N.Y. Times 24 Apr. 3/2 Here are your actual ‘acrobats, clowns, women riders, grooms, trainers, jugglers, canvas men, razorbacks, trainmen, ringmasters, trapezists, musicians’.

1904 Everybody's Mag. 10 658/1 That night it took the Old Man 'n Early Jim both to keep a razorback from carvin' up Ibree.

1926 R. E. Sherwood Here we are Again 162 Canvasmen or ‘razorbacks’, as they are known in the slang of the circus, are rarely in funds.

1931 Amer. Speech 6 327 Even the razor-backs or canvas-men eat tasty food served in a clean mess-tent.

1975 New Yorker 13 Oct. 38 Some people..were watching the roller coaster... I went up to the razorback who ran the controls.

1999 A. Goldbarth Dark Waves & Light Matter 161 He was called a ‘razorback’ or ‘roustabout’.

B. adj.

Chiefly Australian and New Zealand. Of a hill or other geographical feature: having or forming a narrow, steep-sided ridge; cf. sense A. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > ridge > [adjective] > sharp

razorback1847

razor-backed1847

1847 F. W. L. Leichhardt Jrnl. Overland Exped. Austral. 206 [The creek] probably carries off the water from the country round a fine peak, and a long razorback mountain which we saw in that direction.

1851 G. S. Cooper Jrnl. Exped. Overland 110 Gullies..ran down from each side of the razor-back ridge.

1859 A. Trollope West Indies iii. 49 Riding over some of these razorback crags.

1903 Geogr. Jrnl. 22 36 [We] camped on the north side of the outer and larger rocky razor-back island well in the bay.

1945 S. J. Baker Austral. Lang. iii. 58 Knife edges, as certain razor-back sandhills are known.

1988 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 1 July (Great Outdoors Suppl.) 12/1 Two razorback ridges leading to the east and west provide the only routes on and off the mountain.

2003 Jrnl. Mil. Hist. 67 519 The U.S. Tenth Army attacked from the north, encountering about one hundred thousand Japanese entrenched between the low, razor-back hills that line the Okinawan landscape.

Compounds

razorback sucker n. a sucker (fish), Xyrauchen texanus (family Catastomidae), which has a narrow humped ridge behind the head and is now confined to a few rivers in the southern United States.

ΚΠ

1896 D. S. Jordan & B. W. Evermann Check-list Fishes & Fish-like Vertebr. N. & Middle Amer. 241 Xyrauchen cypho. Razor-back Sucker; Hump-backed Sucker.

1978 Chron.-Telegram (Elyria, Ohio) 9 July a5/2 The Fish and Wildlife Service expanded its concern to two additional species—the bonytail chub (endangered), and the razorback sucker (threatened).

1990 Nature Conservancy July–Aug. 26/1 The razorback suckers, desert pupfishes, [etc.]..will be reintroduced into Arizona streams.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	razorback
释义	razorbackn.adj. Brit. /ˈreɪzəbak/, U.S. /ˈreɪzərˌbæk/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: razor n., back n.¹ Etymology: < razor n. + back n.¹ Compare slightly earlier razor-backed adj.With senses A. 2 and B. compare earlier use as a place name:1827 P. Cunningham Two Years New S. Wales I. vi. 113 A road passes to Argyle also, but it is nine miles farther than that across the Razor-back.1831 in Hist. Rec. Austral. (1923) 3rd Ser. I. 34 The Banks of the ‘Cataract River’ over which it [sc. a road] must pass are very steep and difficult; the ‘Razor Back’ was therefore undertaken as more consistent with our means. A. n. 1. a. The fin whale or common rorqual, Balaenoptera physalus. More fully razorback whale. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > order Cetacea (whales) > suborder Mystacoceti > [noun] > family Balaenopteridae > genus Balaenoptera (rorqual) gibbert1601 jubartes1616 fin-fish1694 scrag-whale1701 fin-back1726 finner1793 razorback1815 rorqual1824 fin-whale1885 sei whale1912 1815 W. Scoresby in Ann. Philos. 6 314 The balæna physalis, or razor-back of the whale-fishers, is often seen apparently of the length of a ship. 1832 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. (ed. 2) II. 278 The other [whale]..mentioned by Sibbald..was probably a Razor-back. 1836 Uncle Philip's Conversat. Whale Fishery 34 The ‘Razor-back whale’..is longer and stronger and swifter than any other sort. 1880 Proc. Royal Geogr. Soc. 2 598 The finner, razor-back, or rorqual..is also common, Captain Foyn, of Vadsö, having captured no less than eighty-one during the summer of last year. 1940 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 34 110 ‘Fin whale’ means any whale known by the name of common finback,..herring whale, razorback, or true fin whale. 1951 Winnipeg (Manitoba) Free Press 10 Dec. 21/8 The razor-back whale is found in all seas except the extreme areas of the Arctic and Antarctic. 1999 Q. Rev. Biol. 74 422/2 Spencer countered with the rudimentary femur of the razor-back whale, a case that could only be explained, he argued, by disuse and transmission. b. In horses, cattle, and some other animals: a narrow back with a prominent ridge-like spine; the condition of having such a back. Also: an animal with a back of this description. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [noun] > back or types of horseback1484 razorback1844 the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > bos taurus or ox > [noun] > (miscellaneous) parts of sueta1325 oxblood?1440 fix-faxc1460 ox-head1474 nache?1523 ox-hoof1601 ox-pith1604 flank-piece1611 ox-eye1688 web1778 razorback1844 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 164 A high narrow shoulder is frequently attended with a rigid back bone, and low-set narrow hooks, a form which gets the appropriate name of razor-back. 1887 S. Powers Amer. Merino xxviii. 290 The belly becomes protuberant and pendulous, the spine is reduced to a condition which may well be termed ‘razor-back’. 1894 A. B. Bell Oscar 9 The big, red baldy's in the lead as usual, so is the magpie, the fat roan, the old razorback, and the white snailey. 1908 Animal Managem. (War Office) 25 The ‘razor’ back may..be due only to want of muscle which judicious rest, food, and work will produce. 1941 I. L. Idriess Great Boomerang vii. 51 Fine upstanding beasts... No ‘razor~backs’ going away with nothing behind. These were ‘table~tops’; you could throw your blanket on any beast and camp on his back. c. A lean pig with the backbone forming a prominent narrow ridge along the back; esp. (U.S.) a member of a half-wild breed of pigs common in the southern United States. More fully razorback hog. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > order Artiodactyla (cloven-hoofed animals) > pig > [noun] > defined by parts razor-backed hog1836 razorback1845 scissorbill1871 1845 South. Agriculturist July 258 Razor-back hogs and sway-back cattle, and sheep that dogs will hardly eat after killing. 1849 J. Barrow Facts Texas iii. 57 Hogs are a very numerous family, but they are of very indifferent breed, and receive the appellation of ‘razor backs’, which is significant enough of their appearance. 1867 R. S. Hawker Prose Wks. (1893) 149 Prominent among them the old Cornish razor-back asserted his pre-eminence of height and bone. 1886 Catholic World July 555 I contented myself with watching the numerous razor-back hogs that were greedily feeding on the newly-fallen mast. 1901 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 7 176 It is customary in the mountains to allow the hogs, known as ‘razor-backs’, to roam in the woods and fatten on the mast. 1924 J. Masefield Sard Harker iii. 126 It was one of the half-wild razor-back hogs which the negroes allowed to stray in the woods there. 1941 Arkansas: Guide to State (Federal Writers' Project) 99 Outside the imagination, a true razorback probably does not exist. 1992 Economist 26 Dec. 60/1 Arkansas razorbacks are not pigs; they are hogs, and the distinction is vital. 2. Chiefly Australian and New Zealand. A narrow, steep-sided ridge of land. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > ridge > [noun] hoe?c700 rig?c1475 banda1522 ridgea1552 fall1749 dorsum1782 wave1789 spine1796 cuesta1818 bult1852 razorback1874 1874 W. M. Baines Narr. E. Crewe xi. 247 From a high ‘razor-back’, I had a magnificent view. 1890 Trans. & Proc. N.Z. Inst. 1889 22 110 Supposing the traveller to be standing on a narrow spur, or razorback, leading to the mountain-top. 1911 Chambers's Jrnl. Dec. 30/1 Twice the way led along a real ‘razor-back’. On both sides the mountain sloped precipitously. 1957 P. White Voss vi. 153 Presently the path, which had reached a razorback..wound suddenly..and plunged down. 1979 J. Williams White River 40 You didn't know the half of it till you were cornered in these barren razor-backs, working for nothing till you paid off your air-fare. 1997 B. McCrea et al. S. Afr.: Rough Guide 159 An attractive little town 70km north of Oudtshoorn, across the loops and razorbacks of the Swartberg Pass. 3. U.S. Showmen's slang. A circus hand; spec. one who loads and unloads the wagons. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > worker in specific place > [noun] > in circus roustabout1875 razorback1886 1886 M.H. Warner Barnum Budget 74 Trainmen (or ‘razor backs’). 1897 N.Y. Times 24 Apr. 3/2 Here are your actual ‘acrobats, clowns, women riders, grooms, trainers, jugglers, canvas men, razorbacks, trainmen, ringmasters, trapezists, musicians’. 1904 Everybody's Mag. 10 658/1 That night it took the Old Man 'n Early Jim both to keep a razorback from carvin' up Ibree. 1926 R. E. Sherwood Here we are Again 162 Canvasmen or ‘razorbacks’, as they are known in the slang of the circus, are rarely in funds. 1931 Amer. Speech 6 327 Even the razor-backs or canvas-men eat tasty food served in a clean mess-tent. 1975 New Yorker 13 Oct. 38 Some people..were watching the roller coaster... I went up to the razorback who ran the controls. 1999 A. Goldbarth Dark Waves & Light Matter 161 He was called a ‘razorback’ or ‘roustabout’. B. adj. Chiefly Australian and New Zealand. Of a hill or other geographical feature: having or forming a narrow, steep-sided ridge; cf. sense A. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > ridge > [adjective] > sharp razorback1847 razor-backed1847 1847 F. W. L. Leichhardt Jrnl. Overland Exped. Austral. 206 [The creek] probably carries off the water from the country round a fine peak, and a long razorback mountain which we saw in that direction. 1851 G. S. Cooper Jrnl. Exped. Overland 110 Gullies..ran down from each side of the razor-back ridge. 1859 A. Trollope West Indies iii. 49 Riding over some of these razorback crags. 1903 Geogr. Jrnl. 22 36 [We] camped on the north side of the outer and larger rocky razor-back island well in the bay. 1945 S. J. Baker Austral. Lang. iii. 58 Knife edges, as certain razor-back sandhills are known. 1988 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 1 July (Great Outdoors Suppl.) 12/1 Two razorback ridges leading to the east and west provide the only routes on and off the mountain. 2003 Jrnl. Mil. Hist. 67 519 The U.S. Tenth Army attacked from the north, encountering about one hundred thousand Japanese entrenched between the low, razor-back hills that line the Okinawan landscape. Compounds razorback sucker n. a sucker (fish), Xyrauchen texanus (family Catastomidae), which has a narrow humped ridge behind the head and is now confined to a few rivers in the southern United States. ΚΠ 1896 D. S. Jordan & B. W. Evermann Check-list Fishes & Fish-like Vertebr. N. & Middle Amer. 241 Xyrauchen cypho. Razor-back Sucker; Hump-backed Sucker. 1978 Chron.-Telegram (Elyria, Ohio) 9 July a5/2 The Fish and Wildlife Service expanded its concern to two additional species—the bonytail chub (endangered), and the razorback sucker (threatened). 1990 Nature Conservancy July–Aug. 26/1 The razorback suckers, desert pupfishes, [etc.]..will be reintroduced into Arizona streams. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1815
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