Raynaudn.

Brit.

/ˈreɪnəʊ/,

/reɪˈnəʊ/, U.S.

/ˈreɪnoʊ/,

/reɪˈnoʊ/

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Raynaud.

Etymology: < the name of Maurice Raynaud (1834–81), French physician, who described cases of the syndrome in 1862 ( De l'asphyxie locale et de la gangrène symétrique des extrémités). Compare French maladie de Raynaud (1876 or earlier).

Medicine.

1. In the genitive. Designating a syndrome characterized by intermittent spasm of arterioles and arteries in the extremities, esp. the hands, typically in response to cold, resulting in colour change (from white to blue to red), numbness, and pain; (also) designating the signs and symptoms of this syndrome.Raynaud's syndrome may be primary (idiopathic), or secondary to a variety of autoimmune, haematological, neurological, and cardiovascular diseases, occupational trauma, and ergotism. The name Raynaud's disease is now often reserved for the primary form. The persistence of the terms Raynaud's phenomena (for the symptoms) and Raynaud's phenomenon (for the group of symptoms) in parallel with Raynaud's syndrome and Raynaud's disease may reflect continuing uncertainty about the cause of the primary form of the syndrome as well as the large number and diverse nature of the diseases with which the symptoms can be associated (see quot. 1901).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > [noun] > of the digits

ainhum1867

toeing1871

baseball finger1873

phalangitis1877

Raynaud1883

mallet finger1894

toe-drop1899

white finger1918

1879 Boston Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 16 Jan. 84 Dr. Bernard Henry describes a case of idiopathic gangrene of the four extremities, which, if not a specimen of the symmetrical disease of Raynaud, certainly merits mention here.]

1883 Trans. Clin. Soc. 16 179 I have watched three cases which came within the category of Raynaud's disease.

1901 J. Hutchinson in Med. Press & Circular 16 Oct. 403/1 I would speak rather of Raynaud's phenomena than of Raynaud's disease, for the former are things which we understand and are the same in all cases... What do we mean by Raynaud's phenomena? You are aware that local syncope, local asphyxia, symmetrical gangrene of the extremities are synonymous terms.

1930 Heart 15 240 Acrocyanosis presents distinct contrasts with the variety of Raynaud's malady previously investigated.

1936 Q. Jrnl. Med. 29 401 ‘Raynaud's Phenomenon’ may, therefore, be defined as ‘Intermittent pallor or cyanosis of the extremities, precipitated by exposure to cold, without clinical evidence of blockage of the large peripheral vessels and with nutritional lesions, if present at all, limited to the skin’.

1973 Times 26 May 3/3 The name for the unusual affliction was Raynaud's Phenomenon... It was also known as vibratory white finger. The fingers went white, numb and stiff.

1983 Amer. Jrnl. Med. 75 537/2 She began to notice typical Raynaud's symptoms involving all five fingers of both hands.

1987 D. J. Weatherall et al. Oxf. Textbk. Med. (ed. 2) II. xiii. 185/2 This condition may be associated with a variety of underlying disease,..in which case it is known as Raynaud's phenomenon or secondary Raynaud's syndrome, or on the other hand no underlying condition can be detected, in which case it is known as Raynaud's disease or primary Raynaud's syndrome.

1994 Boston Globe 16 Oct. (Mag.) 8/1 Gaining the ability to dilate blood vessels, patients can prevent migraine headaches and Raynaud's syndrome (a painful constriction of arteries in the fingers caused by exposure to cold).

2003 Leukemia & Lymphoma 44 471 Vascular manifestations in these patients include Raynaud's phenomena, digital ulcerations and gangrene, pulmonary vasculitis, [etc.].

2. In the genitive, used absol.

ΚΠ

1929 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 7 239/1 Trophic ulcers, i.e., after injuries or diseases of nerves, Raynaud's, bedsores.

1978 Lancet 8 July 108/1 Our team at King's College Hospital has in the past twelve months treated twelve patients (eight diagnosed as Raynaud's and four as ‘other small-vessel disease’).

1998 Good Health Mag. Mar. 15/2 At the age of 26, I was diagnosed as having Primary Raynaud's.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	raynaud
释义	Raynaudn. Brit. /ˈreɪnəʊ/, /reɪˈnəʊ/, U.S. /ˈreɪnoʊ/, /reɪˈnoʊ/ Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Raynaud. Etymology: < the name of Maurice Raynaud (1834–81), French physician, who described cases of the syndrome in 1862 ( De l'asphyxie locale et de la gangrène symétrique des extrémités). Compare French maladie de Raynaud (1876 or earlier). Medicine. 1. In the genitive. Designating a syndrome characterized by intermittent spasm of arterioles and arteries in the extremities, esp. the hands, typically in response to cold, resulting in colour change (from white to blue to red), numbness, and pain; (also) designating the signs and symptoms of this syndrome.Raynaud's syndrome may be primary (idiopathic), or secondary to a variety of autoimmune, haematological, neurological, and cardiovascular diseases, occupational trauma, and ergotism. The name Raynaud's disease is now often reserved for the primary form. The persistence of the terms Raynaud's phenomena (for the symptoms) and Raynaud's phenomenon (for the group of symptoms) in parallel with Raynaud's syndrome and Raynaud's disease may reflect continuing uncertainty about the cause of the primary form of the syndrome as well as the large number and diverse nature of the diseases with which the symptoms can be associated (see quot. 1901). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > [noun] > of the digits ainhum1867 toeing1871 baseball finger1873 phalangitis1877 Raynaud1883 mallet finger1894 toe-drop1899 white finger1918 1879 Boston Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 16 Jan. 84 Dr. Bernard Henry describes a case of idiopathic gangrene of the four extremities, which, if not a specimen of the symmetrical disease of Raynaud, certainly merits mention here.] 1883 Trans. Clin. Soc. 16 179 I have watched three cases which came within the category of Raynaud's disease. 1901 J. Hutchinson in Med. Press & Circular 16 Oct. 403/1 I would speak rather of Raynaud's phenomena than of Raynaud's disease, for the former are things which we understand and are the same in all cases... What do we mean by Raynaud's phenomena? You are aware that local syncope, local asphyxia, symmetrical gangrene of the extremities are synonymous terms. 1930 Heart 15 240 Acrocyanosis presents distinct contrasts with the variety of Raynaud's malady previously investigated. 1936 Q. Jrnl. Med. 29 401 ‘Raynaud's Phenomenon’ may, therefore, be defined as ‘Intermittent pallor or cyanosis of the extremities, precipitated by exposure to cold, without clinical evidence of blockage of the large peripheral vessels and with nutritional lesions, if present at all, limited to the skin’. 1973 Times 26 May 3/3 The name for the unusual affliction was Raynaud's Phenomenon... It was also known as vibratory white finger. The fingers went white, numb and stiff. 1983 Amer. Jrnl. Med. 75 537/2 She began to notice typical Raynaud's symptoms involving all five fingers of both hands. 1987 D. J. Weatherall et al. Oxf. Textbk. Med. (ed. 2) II. xiii. 185/2 This condition may be associated with a variety of underlying disease,..in which case it is known as Raynaud's phenomenon or secondary Raynaud's syndrome, or on the other hand no underlying condition can be detected, in which case it is known as Raynaud's disease or primary Raynaud's syndrome. 1994 Boston Globe 16 Oct. (Mag.) 8/1 Gaining the ability to dilate blood vessels, patients can prevent migraine headaches and Raynaud's syndrome (a painful constriction of arteries in the fingers caused by exposure to cold). 2003 Leukemia & Lymphoma 44 471 Vascular manifestations in these patients include Raynaud's phenomena, digital ulcerations and gangrene, pulmonary vasculitis, [etc.]. 2. In the genitive, used absol. ΚΠ 1929 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 7 239/1 Trophic ulcers, i.e., after injuries or diseases of nerves, Raynaud's, bedsores. 1978 Lancet 8 July 108/1 Our team at King's College Hospital has in the past twelve months treated twelve patients (eight diagnosed as Raynaud's and four as ‘other small-vessel disease’). 1998 Good Health Mag. Mar. 15/2 At the age of 26, I was diagnosed as having Primary Raynaud's. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1883
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