rank and filen.adv.adj.

Brit.

/ˌraŋk (ə)n(d) ˈfʌɪl/, U.S.

/ˌræŋk ən ˈfaɪl/

Forms: see rank n.¹ and and conj.¹, adv., and n.¹ and file n.²

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: rank n.¹, and conj.¹, file n.²

Etymology: < rank n.¹ + and conj.¹ + file n.²

A. n.

1. Military. The formation of rows and columns into which soldiers are drawn up for drill or service, esp. in in rank and file. Also in extended use and in figurative contexts. Cf. rank n.¹ 3a, file n.² 7a.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [noun] > arrangement in line or file

rank and file1598

alignment1781

filing1796

defile1835

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > formation > [adverb]

in rank1581

in file1598

in rank and file1598

1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres iii. 34 To learne to keepe his ranke and file orderly.

1632 P. Massinger Maid of Honour iv. i. sig. H See the Souldiers set In ranke, and file.

1683 R. Dixon Canidia 184 Sophists and Legists bring in their Men. To do good Service other while, Upon occasion, out of Rank and File.

1722 W. Hamilton Life of Sir William Wallace xi. i. 273 The hardy Scots together stuck so true, In Rank and File Seven Thousand Suthron slew.

1792 H. Cowley Day in Turkey ii. 30 The doctors, with all their rank and file of phials and bolusses, could hardly drive him out of his veins.

a1822 A. Boswell Skeldon Haughs in Poet. Wks. (1871) The Crawfords march'd in rank and file.

1876 W. W. Fowler Woman on Amer. Frontier (1879) i. 17 The victory may be due as much, or more, to the patriot courage of him who is content to do his duty in the rank and file, as to the dashing colonel who heads the regiment.

1945 C. B. Williams tr. L. Szalet Exper. ‘E’ i. 26 Presently we were standing in rank and file, an irreproachable graded square of ten rows. Then Paul gave us further instruction in the camp rules.

1963 M. Bell Picture of Soldiers in Probable Volume of Dreams (1977) 35 Here they affected their final rank and file, from which they recovered to western fronts.

1992 M. Blonsky Amer. Mythologies (1993) xix. 459 On the New York sidewalk by the feet of joggers..are the books, scores of them neatly arranged in rank and file.

a. Military. As a collective noun: the soldiers in or likely to be in such a formation; privates and non-commissioned officers, ordinary soldiers.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > common soldier > [noun] > collectively

commonitya1550

rank1731

rank and file1756

other rank1904

1756 G. Washington Writings (1931) I. 328 You are to have a Subaltern, two Sergeants, and twenty-five rank and file, at Edward's Fort unless the inhabitants desire to come down here.

1796 Accurate & Impartial Narr. Campaigns 1793–4 (ed. 3) I. i. vi. 51 It may not be amiss..to state..that rank and file means, in Gazette returns, the corporals and private soldiers.

1814 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1838) 15 May XII. 13 A corps consisting of about 12,000 rank and file of British infantry.

1894 Ld. Wolseley Life Marlborough II. lii. 84 Unless the Rank and File are interested in their work, there will be no enthusiasm.

1915 P. Gibbs Soul of War 155 It was only when special orders for ‘frightfulness’ had been issued,..that the rank and file of the enemy's army committed its brutalities.

1957 H. Zink U.S. in Germany, 1944–55 ii. 11 There was some disposition to regard the former as the training center for the top group of military government officers and the latter as the place where the rank and file went.

2006 Sunday Tel. (Nexis) 15 Oct. 19 His willingness to speak out on controversial subjects earned the general instant hero status among the Army's rank and file.

b. In extended use: the ordinary members of an organization (esp. a political party or trade union), as opposed to its leaders; the ordinary people, the masses.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > the common people of any group > [noun]

floor1662

rank and file1828

rank1845

1828 Delaware Weekly Advertiser 26 June The ‘rank and file’ seem very willing to further any scheme of their leaders.

1856 E. Jones Song of Lower Classes We're low—we're low—our place we know, We're only the rank and file.

1888 J. Bryce Amer. Commonw. I. xv. 212 For other committees there remains only the rank and file of the House.

1927 New Republic 12 Oct. 205/2 The rank and file have grown tired of the persistent effort of the Communists to subvert trade-union discipline.

1972 History Workshop Pamphlet No. 6. 37 In the depression of the later 1870s the demand from the rank-and-file for a policy of restriction became very strong.

1976 E. Maclaren Nature of Belief ix. 91 Professional theologians might refine beyond recognition the bald credal outlines demanded of the rank-and-file.

1994 This Mag. (Toronto) Nov. 5/3 The old NDP...was a Siamese twin to the bureaucracy of the labour movement but deaf to its rank and file.

†B. adv.

In rank and file; in orderly rows and columns. Also figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > [adverb]

ordenely1340

orderlyc1485

just1565

rank and filea1658

a1658 J. Cleveland Clievelandi Vindiciæ (1677) 4 The Combs Built Rank and File, like Beadsmens Rooms.

1680 G. Sikes Expos. Ecclesiastes vii. 381 They come with methodiz'd discourse (in the contrivances and Words of their own Wisdom) Doctrine, Reasons, Uses, Motives, order'd and placed rank and file, in Battel-array.

1745 J. Swift Direct. to Servants 14 I advise you of the Servants..who expect Vales, always to stand Rank and File when a Stranger is taking his Leave.

1786 R. Burns Poems 148 The words come skelpan, rank and file.

1826 Lancet 9 Dec. 313/1 A line of hackney coaches, drawn up ‘rank and file’ in social proximity with its walls..might probably induce you to set it down for a hotel.

1846 L. M. Child Fact & Fiction 217 They all came back, and took their places rank and file.

C. adj.

1. Military. Of or belonging to the rank and file.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > common soldier > [adjective]

rascal?1535

gregarian1632

rank and file1713

stripeless1900

G.I.1936

1713 J. Smith Poems upon Several Occasions 214 Rank and File Arguments have plaguy Force, Maintain'd by Regiments of Foot, and Horse.

?1778 Standing Orders & Instr. Notts. Regim. Marksmen 3 The Serjeant Major is to receive no Fee upon any Furlough, or on any other Account, from any Rank and File Soldier.

1804 J. Collins in Scripscrapologia 5 A rank and file vet'ran, who battling had been, from cock-crow to curfew.

1885 J. B. Patterson Life in Ranks ix. 77 To argue the point, or ‘chew the rag’, as it is termed in rank and file phraseology.

1907 Daily Chron. 19 Dec. 3/3 The memoirs of a rank-and-file man like this are very touching and painful reading.

1966 Times 9 July 9/7 Command Orders say..Rank and File Mess is altered to ‘soldiers' mess’.

1993 J. Foran Fragile Resistance ii. 23 Like the civilian bureaucracy, both officers and rank and file soldiers were paid with drafts on the land revenue.

2. In extended use: of or belonging to the ordinary members of an organization or social group (esp. a political party or trade union), as opposed to its leaders.In quot. 1887: (probably) ordinary, commonplace.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > the common people of any group > [adjective]

vulgar1612

ordinary1855

rank and file1887

1887 Cent. Mag. Nov. 42/1 There were some rank-and-file chairs besides.

1897 Bristol Times & Mirror 20 Oct. 5/6 The resolution adopting the candidates was moved by rank and file members of the same party.

1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 4 June 437/2 He always assumed that the rank-and-file politician was actuated by his own high motives.

1945 A. Koestler Yogi & Commissar iii. i. 131 The absence of any rank-and-file influence on the party-line.

1976 Church Times 15 Oct. 13/1 A refreshing, highly competent and, for rank-and-file Christians in the parishes, most stimulating and encouraging publishing event took place.

1993 Fortune 8 Feb. 128/3 The powerful United Auto Workers..is..home to a conservative rank-and-file movement.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rank and file
释义	rank and filen.adv.adj. Brit. /ˌraŋk (ə)n(d) ˈfʌɪl/, U.S. /ˌræŋk ən ˈfaɪl/ Forms: see rank n.¹ and and conj.¹, adv., and n.¹ and file n.² Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: rank n.¹, and conj.¹, file n.² Etymology: < rank n.¹ + and conj.¹ + file n.² A. n. 1. Military. The formation of rows and columns into which soldiers are drawn up for drill or service, esp. in in rank and file. Also in extended use and in figurative contexts. Cf. rank n.¹ 3a, file n.² 7a. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [noun] > arrangement in line or file rank and file1598 alignment1781 filing1796 defile1835 society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > formation > [adverb] in rank1581 in file1598 in rank and file1598 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres iii. 34 To learne to keepe his ranke and file orderly. 1632 P. Massinger Maid of Honour iv. i. sig. H See the Souldiers set In ranke, and file. 1683 R. Dixon Canidia 184 Sophists and Legists bring in their Men. To do good Service other while, Upon occasion, out of Rank and File. 1722 W. Hamilton Life of Sir William Wallace xi. i. 273 The hardy Scots together stuck so true, In Rank and File Seven Thousand Suthron slew. 1792 H. Cowley Day in Turkey ii. 30 The doctors, with all their rank and file of phials and bolusses, could hardly drive him out of his veins. a1822 A. Boswell Skeldon Haughs in Poet. Wks. (1871) The Crawfords march'd in rank and file. 1876 W. W. Fowler Woman on Amer. Frontier (1879) i. 17 The victory may be due as much, or more, to the patriot courage of him who is content to do his duty in the rank and file, as to the dashing colonel who heads the regiment. 1945 C. B. Williams tr. L. Szalet Exper. ‘E’ i. 26 Presently we were standing in rank and file, an irreproachable graded square of ten rows. Then Paul gave us further instruction in the camp rules. 1963 M. Bell Picture of Soldiers in Probable Volume of Dreams (1977) 35 Here they affected their final rank and file, from which they recovered to western fronts. 1992 M. Blonsky Amer. Mythologies (1993) xix. 459 On the New York sidewalk by the feet of joggers..are the books, scores of them neatly arranged in rank and file. 2. a. Military. As a collective noun: the soldiers in or likely to be in such a formation; privates and non-commissioned officers, ordinary soldiers. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > common soldier > [noun] > collectively commonitya1550 rank1731 rank and file1756 other rank1904 1756 G. Washington Writings (1931) I. 328 You are to have a Subaltern, two Sergeants, and twenty-five rank and file, at Edward's Fort unless the inhabitants desire to come down here. 1796 Accurate & Impartial Narr. Campaigns 1793–4 (ed. 3) I. i. vi. 51 It may not be amiss..to state..that rank and file means, in Gazette returns, the corporals and private soldiers. 1814 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1838) 15 May XII. 13 A corps consisting of about 12,000 rank and file of British infantry. 1894 Ld. Wolseley Life Marlborough II. lii. 84 Unless the Rank and File are interested in their work, there will be no enthusiasm. 1915 P. Gibbs Soul of War 155 It was only when special orders for ‘frightfulness’ had been issued,..that the rank and file of the enemy's army committed its brutalities. 1957 H. Zink U.S. in Germany, 1944–55 ii. 11 There was some disposition to regard the former as the training center for the top group of military government officers and the latter as the place where the rank and file went. 2006 Sunday Tel. (Nexis) 15 Oct. 19 His willingness to speak out on controversial subjects earned the general instant hero status among the Army's rank and file. b. In extended use: the ordinary members of an organization (esp. a political party or trade union), as opposed to its leaders; the ordinary people, the masses. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > the common people of any group > [noun] floor1662 rank and file1828 rank1845 1828 Delaware Weekly Advertiser 26 June The ‘rank and file’ seem very willing to further any scheme of their leaders. 1856 E. Jones Song of Lower Classes We're low—we're low—our place we know, We're only the rank and file. 1888 J. Bryce Amer. Commonw. I. xv. 212 For other committees there remains only the rank and file of the House. 1927 New Republic 12 Oct. 205/2 The rank and file have grown tired of the persistent effort of the Communists to subvert trade-union discipline. 1972 History Workshop Pamphlet No. 6. 37 In the depression of the later 1870s the demand from the rank-and-file for a policy of restriction became very strong. 1976 E. Maclaren Nature of Belief ix. 91 Professional theologians might refine beyond recognition the bald credal outlines demanded of the rank-and-file. 1994 This Mag. (Toronto) Nov. 5/3 The old NDP...was a Siamese twin to the bureaucracy of the labour movement but deaf to its rank and file. †B. adv. In rank and file; in orderly rows and columns. Also figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > [adverb] ordenely1340 orderlyc1485 just1565 rank and filea1658 a1658 J. Cleveland Clievelandi Vindiciæ (1677) 4 The Combs Built Rank and File, like Beadsmens Rooms. 1680 G. Sikes Expos. Ecclesiastes vii. 381 They come with methodiz'd discourse (in the contrivances and Words of their own Wisdom) Doctrine, Reasons, Uses, Motives, order'd and placed rank and file, in Battel-array. 1745 J. Swift Direct. to Servants 14 I advise you of the Servants..who expect Vales, always to stand Rank and File when a Stranger is taking his Leave. 1786 R. Burns Poems 148 The words come skelpan, rank and file. 1826 Lancet 9 Dec. 313/1 A line of hackney coaches, drawn up ‘rank and file’ in social proximity with its walls..might probably induce you to set it down for a hotel. 1846 L. M. Child Fact & Fiction 217 They all came back, and took their places rank and file. C. adj. 1. Military. Of or belonging to the rank and file. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > common soldier > [adjective] rascal?1535 gregarian1632 rank and file1713 stripeless1900 G.I.1936 1713 J. Smith Poems upon Several Occasions 214 Rank and File Arguments have plaguy Force, Maintain'd by Regiments of Foot, and Horse. ?1778 Standing Orders & Instr. Notts. Regim. Marksmen 3 The Serjeant Major is to receive no Fee upon any Furlough, or on any other Account, from any Rank and File Soldier. 1804 J. Collins in Scripscrapologia 5 A rank and file vet'ran, who battling had been, from cock-crow to curfew. 1885 J. B. Patterson Life in Ranks ix. 77 To argue the point, or ‘chew the rag’, as it is termed in rank and file phraseology. 1907 Daily Chron. 19 Dec. 3/3 The memoirs of a rank-and-file man like this are very touching and painful reading. 1966 Times 9 July 9/7 Command Orders say..Rank and File Mess is altered to ‘soldiers' mess’. 1993 J. Foran Fragile Resistance ii. 23 Like the civilian bureaucracy, both officers and rank and file soldiers were paid with drafts on the land revenue. 2. In extended use: of or belonging to the ordinary members of an organization or social group (esp. a political party or trade union), as opposed to its leaders.In quot. 1887: (probably) ordinary, commonplace. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > the common people of any group > [adjective] vulgar1612 ordinary1855 rank and file1887 1887 Cent. Mag. Nov. 42/1 There were some rank-and-file chairs besides. 1897 Bristol Times & Mirror 20 Oct. 5/6 The resolution adopting the candidates was moved by rank and file members of the same party. 1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 4 June 437/2 He always assumed that the rank-and-file politician was actuated by his own high motives. 1945 A. Koestler Yogi & Commissar iii. i. 131 The absence of any rank-and-file influence on the party-line. 1976 Church Times 15 Oct. 13/1 A refreshing, highly competent and, for rank-and-file Christians in the parishes, most stimulating and encouraging publishing event took place. 1993 Fortune 8 Feb. 128/3 The powerful United Auto Workers..is..home to a conservative rank-and-file movement. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adv.adj.1598
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