Raneyn.
/ˈreɪni/, U.S. /ˈreɪni/ Chemistry.
1. Raney catalyst n. (a proprietary name for) a catalyst made from Raney nickel.
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1932 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 54 4116 The Raney catalyst is prepared by alloying equal parts of nickel and aluminum and dissolving out the latter with aqueous sodium hydroxide.
1994 Science 25 Mar. 1708/3 Raney catalysts are made by the de-alloying of aluminum from systems such as Ni–Al.
2007 Jrnl. Catalysis 245 237/2 The hydrogenation of butyronitrile to n-butylamine was explored as a model reaction for the reduction of nitriles over Raney catalysts.
2. Raney nickel n. (a proprietary name for) a powdered nickel–aluminium alloy (approx. 85 per cent nickel) which has a porous structure with a high surface area and is used as a catalyst in organic syntheses, esp. hydrogenation reactions, and as a reagent in the removal of sulphur from organic compounds.
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the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > processes or substances affecting reactions > catalysis > catalyst > named catalysts
platinum sponge1824
Raney nickel1933
1933 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 55 4173 The synthesis of the heterocyclic compounds..was effected with..a Raney nickel catalyst.
1964 G. H. Haggis et al. Introd. Molecular Biol. xii. 325 The cysteine was then converted to alanine with the aid of a catalyst called Raney nickel.
1977 L. F. Fieser & M. A. Fieser Reagents for Org. Synthesis VI. 54 The corresponding 1,4-diketones can be obtained by hydrolysis catalyzed by mercuric chloride or by treatment with Raney nickel.
2007 Carbohydrate Res. 342 542/2 The best results were obtained by hydrogenolysis catalyzed by Raney nickel that was washed to neutral conditions.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1932