† rancen.¹

Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: race n.²

Etymology: Apparently a variant (unparalleled in French) of race n.²

Obsolete.

A root of ginger; = race n.²

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > additive > spice > [noun] > ginger

gingereOE

white ginger?c1425

racec1450

ginger spice1530

rance1570

zingiber?1720

Jamaica ginger1818

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Biii/2 A Rance of ginger, zinziber.

1725 G. Smith Compl. Body Distilling ii. 127 Then strain out the liquor from the flowers, by a strong expression; adding to the tincture..Ginger two rances, Juniper berries two drachms, two Lemons sliced.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

rancen.²

Brit.

/rɑːns/,

/rans/, U.S.

/ræns/, Scottish English

/rans/

Forms:

α. Scottish pre-1700 ryns, 1800s– rince (north-eastern).

β. 1800s– rance; Scottish pre-1700 raynge, pre-1700 1700s– rance, 1700s rans, 1700s–1800s ranse, 1900s– runce.

Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymons: French rance, ranche, renche.

Etymology: Apparently < Middle French (Normandy) rance (1557; French rance piece of wood used to prop up a decrepit old building (1820)), regional variant of ranche, both in sense ‘prop supporting the side rails of a cart’ (1411; 1363 as renche, 1388 as rainche ; French (chiefly regional) ranche , denoting various pieces of wood supporting the side rails of a cart, also (rarely) the side rails themselves) < the Germanic base of rung n., with alteration probably after Middle Dutch ranke (Dutch rank ) or its cognate Middle High German or early modern German ranke (German Ranke ), both in sense ‘vine, climbing plant’, both of uncertain origin. Compare rancing n.The following quot. may perhaps show either an earlier instance (in a Latin context) of the English word or an (otherwise unattested) Anglo-Norman parallel:1404 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 396 1 raus [perh. read rans] pro cariacione meremii. The α. forms are difficult to explain; perhaps compare Older Scots raising of short e to i before n plus consonant (see further A. J. Aitken & C. Macafee Older Scots Vowels (2002) §14.15), but an input form with e rather than a is hard to account for.

Originally and chiefly Scottish.

Originally (in quot. 1574): a bar or bolt for a door. In later use: a bar or post for supporting a building or other structure; a stay or prop; spec. a wall or pillar of coal supporting the roof of a coal mine. Cf. rancing n.In early use frequently attributive.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [noun] > beams or supports

sillc897

sole-tree1527

spur1529

brace1530

rance1574

strut1587

ground pin1632

ground-plate1663

strut-beam1668

wale-piece1739

strutting-beam1753

wale1754

stretcher1774

tie1793

tie-beam1823

strutting1833

lattice frame1838

tie-bolt1838

tie rod1839

brace-rod1844

web1845

box girder1849

plate girder1849

lattice beam1850

lattice girder1852

girder1853

twister1875

under-girder1875

truss-beam1877

raker1880

wind-bracing1890

portal strut1894

stirrup1909

knee-brace1912

tee-beam1930

tee section1963

binder-

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > parts of door > [noun] > door fittings > devices for securing door

pinlOE

door-pina1300

door-bar13..

sneck1324

clicket-lock1342

haggaday1353

stecklea1400

slotec1440

rance1574

door-latch1678

door-locka1684

steeple1722

box staple1778

door-chain1836

chain1839

safety chain1845

door-catch1897

night chain1904

1574 Edinb. Dean of Guild Accts. 41 Ane paire of bandis to the vuer bak stair doure with ane ryns ane rois & ane snek.

1608 Haddington Burgh Rec. 27 Apr. in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Rance-piller Ane tenement..quhilk is rwinous, & will fall doun without it be helpit, and thairfor he is purposit to..big it in better forme and with rance pillers in the foir front.

1612 in M. Wood Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1931) VI. 92 That the sam [kirk] sall be theikit and haif five raynge pillers within the samyn.

1714 Session Papers in Sc. National Dict. (1968) VII. (at cited word) There was left by him a Rans-wall between the Coal where he was working, and the Pursuer's Coal of Shettlestoun.

1768 Session Papers in Sc. National Dict. (1968) VII. (at cited word) Fenced by staves driven in the ground, three cross rances, and barrel-staves, nailed upright upon the said rances.

1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Rance, 1. a prop, a wooden stake employed for the purpose of supporting a building. 2. The cross-bar which joins the lower part of the frame of a chair together. 3. The fore-part of the roof of a bed, or the cornice of a wooden bed.

1855 H. Ainslie Sc. Songs, Ballads, & Poems 98 Our Cadger..shot the muckle door sloat, Made a ranse o' a big racking pin.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Rance, the strut or support of a Congreve rocket.

1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining 199 Rance, a pillar of coal—a large stoop.

1899 W. F. McHardy Bonnie Montrose 53 Shoudin' on the topmost rince o' daddy's arm chair.

1903 J. Milne Myths & Superstitions Buchan District 14 A blow from a ‘luggie cog’, that came from the ‘rances’ of the dresser table.

1965 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) 26 Mar. Occasionally a thin wooden board called the ‘runce’, might be laid along the roof just above the eaves as an extra precaution.

1980 M. Brown et al. Gloss. Mining Terms Fife 62 Rance, a prop used to strengthen and support a wall of coal or the roof of a working; a pillar of coal left for the same purposes.

2001 B. Broady In this Block there lives Slag 11 A whirl of bricks and mortar, of glass, scaffolding and rances gleaming in the January sun.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

rancen.³

Brit.

/rɑːns/,

/rans/, U.S.

/ræns/

Forms: 1600s ranse, 1600s raunce, 1600s rauns, 1600s– rance. Also with capital initial.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Rance.

Etymology: < Rance, a town in the province of Hainault, Belgium, where the marble is quarried (compare quot. 1887). Compare French rance (1755).

More fully rance marble. A kind of variegated marble, predominantly dull red in colour.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > metamorphic rock > [noun] > marble > variegated

onychites1569

rance1605

onychite1651

brocatello1728

brocatelle1756

pavonazzetto1793

cipolin1798

pavonazzo1816

saveloy marble1839

Algerian onyx1856

onyx marble1862

1605 J. Sylvester Du Bartas's Triumph of Faith Ded., in tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. 545 A Tombe..With Iuorie Pillars, mixt with Iette and Rance.

1632 F. Quarles Divine Fancies iv. liii No Launce can pierce it, it is grown More heard than Raunce, or th' Adamantine stone.

1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. iii. 107 Yielding Coal, Lead, Copper, Rance Marble, and Mill-stones.

1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 107 Chimney-pieces..of Rance, or Liver-colour'd-marble.

1769 Descr. Eng. & Wales VIII. 197 A species called rance-marble, consists of a white, hard, shining grit, streaked with red.

1817 W. Pitt Topogr. Hist. Staffs. II. 166 Yelpersley Torr, and most of the hills thereabouts, are..a rance marble, of a white hard shining grit, striped red, and capable of a good polish.

1887 Dict. Archit. (Archit. Publ. Soc.) Rance, a marble obtained from Hainault in Belgium, of a dingy red colour varied with veins and spots of blue and white.

1906 P. de Nolhac Versailles & Trianons iv. 216 Its eight busts of white marble on pedestals of Rance marble.

1951 N. Pevsner Middlesex (Buildings of Eng.) 39 The monument is of ‘alabaster, tuche, rance, and white and black marble’, as stated in the agreement.

1985 Antiquaries Jrnl. June 396 Garret Johnson's Southwark shop charged £60 for a multi-coloured chimney-piece of alabaster, marble, touch..and rance.

2006 Apollo 1 July 56/2 The steps and pedestal are executed solely in black and white marble; and neither rance nor yellow marble are used at all.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† rancen.⁴

Origin: Of unknown origin.

Etymology: Origin unknown. Compare race n.⁸ Perhaps compare earlier rance n.³

Obsolete. rare.

= race n.⁸

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > a stone > [noun] > concretionary or nodular

cinder1562

yolk1665

sinapite1681

race1728

rance1728

pluma1817

pot-lid1822

Suffolk coprolite1867

kernel1892

1728 J. Woodward Fossils All Kinds 16 There's one sort of this found commonly among the clay us'd for making Tyles and Bricks; which the Workmen call Race or Rance.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

rancev.

Brit.

/rɑːns/,

/rans/, U.S.

/ræns/, Scottish English

/rans/

Forms: pre-1700 1800s– ranse, 1800s– rance.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: rance n.²

Etymology: < rance n.² Compare French rancer to prop (a decrepit building) up using wooden pillars (1825 in past participle rancé).

Scottish. Now rare.

transitive. To prop up, brace, or support; (also) to bar, jam, block up.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > support > [verb (transitive)] > prop

shore1340

undershore1393

prop1507

underpropa1535

crutch1641

rance1680

trig1711

spur1733

stut1808

spurn1865

scaffold1884

1680 Acct.-bk. Fawside Coal & Salt Wks. in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue 62 at Rancing To the coallheuers for ransing the G[reat] S[ime] synke.

1807 Foord Acct. Bk. MS in Sc. National Dict. 2 To ranceing a house and other Jobs 2 days.

1856 G. Henderson Pop. Rhymes Berwick 58 Some wicked randies ranc'd the door.

1887 P. McNeill Blawearie 54 Did ye sit..wi' a foot ranst against the wa' face.

1894 J. B. Salmond My Man Sandy (rev. ed.) vii. 70 The action o' the alkiehole dejinerates the tishie until the liver becomes akwilly ransed.

1923 G. Watson Roxburghshire Word-bk. 247 Rance, to prop (a fence, etc.) with rances.

1980 M. Brown et al. Gloss. Mining Terms Fife 62 Rance up, to support something, usually the undercut face, with a rance.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹1570

n.²1574

n.³1605

n.⁴1728

v.1680

单词	rance
释义	† rancen.¹ Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: race n.² Etymology: Apparently a variant (unparalleled in French) of race n.² Obsolete. A root of ginger; = race n.² ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > additive > spice > [noun] > ginger gingereOE white ginger?c1425 racec1450 ginger spice1530 rance1570 zingiber?1720 Jamaica ginger1818 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Biii/2 A Rance of ginger, zinziber. 1725 G. Smith Compl. Body Distilling ii. 127 Then strain out the liquor from the flowers, by a strong expression; adding to the tincture..Ginger two rances, Juniper berries two drachms, two Lemons sliced. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2018). rancen.² Brit. /rɑːns/, /rans/, U.S. /ræns/, Scottish English /rans/ Forms: α. Scottish pre-1700 ryns, 1800s– rince (north-eastern). β. 1800s– rance; Scottish pre-1700 raynge, pre-1700 1700s– rance, 1700s rans, 1700s–1800s ranse, 1900s– runce. Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymons: French rance, ranche, renche. Etymology: Apparently < Middle French (Normandy) rance (1557; French rance piece of wood used to prop up a decrepit old building (1820)), regional variant of ranche, both in sense ‘prop supporting the side rails of a cart’ (1411; 1363 as renche, 1388 as rainche ; French (chiefly regional) ranche , denoting various pieces of wood supporting the side rails of a cart, also (rarely) the side rails themselves) < the Germanic base of rung n., with alteration probably after Middle Dutch ranke (Dutch rank ) or its cognate Middle High German or early modern German ranke (German Ranke ), both in sense ‘vine, climbing plant’, both of uncertain origin. Compare rancing n.The following quot. may perhaps show either an earlier instance (in a Latin context) of the English word or an (otherwise unattested) Anglo-Norman parallel:1404 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 396 1 raus [perh. read rans] pro cariacione meremii. The α. forms are difficult to explain; perhaps compare Older Scots raising of short e to i before n plus consonant (see further A. J. Aitken & C. Macafee Older Scots Vowels (2002) §14.15), but an input form with e rather than a is hard to account for. Originally and chiefly Scottish. Originally (in quot. 1574): a bar or bolt for a door. In later use: a bar or post for supporting a building or other structure; a stay or prop; spec. a wall or pillar of coal supporting the roof of a coal mine. Cf. rancing n.In early use frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [noun] > beams or supports sillc897 sole-tree1527 spur1529 brace1530 rance1574 strut1587 ground pin1632 ground-plate1663 strut-beam1668 wale-piece1739 strutting-beam1753 wale1754 stretcher1774 tie1793 tie-beam1823 strutting1833 lattice frame1838 tie-bolt1838 tie rod1839 brace-rod1844 web1845 box girder1849 plate girder1849 lattice beam1850 lattice girder1852 girder1853 twister1875 under-girder1875 truss-beam1877 raker1880 wind-bracing1890 portal strut1894 stirrup1909 knee-brace1912 tee-beam1930 tee section1963 binder- society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > parts of door > [noun] > door fittings > devices for securing door pinlOE door-pina1300 door-bar13.. sneck1324 clicket-lock1342 haggaday1353 stecklea1400 slotec1440 rance1574 door-latch1678 door-locka1684 steeple1722 box staple1778 door-chain1836 chain1839 safety chain1845 door-catch1897 night chain1904 1574 Edinb. Dean of Guild Accts. 41 Ane paire of bandis to the vuer bak stair doure with ane ryns ane rois & ane snek. 1608 Haddington Burgh Rec. 27 Apr. in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Rance-piller Ane tenement..quhilk is rwinous, & will fall doun without it be helpit, and thairfor he is purposit to..big it in better forme and with rance pillers in the foir front. 1612 in M. Wood Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1931) VI. 92 That the sam [kirk] sall be theikit and haif five raynge pillers within the samyn. 1714 Session Papers in Sc. National Dict. (1968) VII. (at cited word) There was left by him a Rans-wall between the Coal where he was working, and the Pursuer's Coal of Shettlestoun. 1768 Session Papers in Sc. National Dict. (1968) VII. (at cited word) Fenced by staves driven in the ground, three cross rances, and barrel-staves, nailed upright upon the said rances. 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Rance, 1. a prop, a wooden stake employed for the purpose of supporting a building. 2. The cross-bar which joins the lower part of the frame of a chair together. 3. The fore-part of the roof of a bed, or the cornice of a wooden bed. 1855 H. Ainslie Sc. Songs, Ballads, & Poems 98 Our Cadger..shot the muckle door sloat, Made a ranse o' a big racking pin. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Rance, the strut or support of a Congreve rocket. 1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining 199 Rance, a pillar of coal—a large stoop. 1899 W. F. McHardy Bonnie Montrose 53 Shoudin' on the topmost rince o' daddy's arm chair. 1903 J. Milne Myths & Superstitions Buchan District 14 A blow from a ‘luggie cog’, that came from the ‘rances’ of the dresser table. 1965 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) 26 Mar. Occasionally a thin wooden board called the ‘runce’, might be laid along the roof just above the eaves as an extra precaution. 1980 M. Brown et al. Gloss. Mining Terms Fife 62 Rance, a prop used to strengthen and support a wall of coal or the roof of a working; a pillar of coal left for the same purposes. 2001 B. Broady In this Block there lives Slag 11 A whirl of bricks and mortar, of glass, scaffolding and rances gleaming in the January sun. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). rancen.³ Brit. /rɑːns/, /rans/, U.S. /ræns/ Forms: 1600s ranse, 1600s raunce, 1600s rauns, 1600s– rance. Also with capital initial. Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Rance. Etymology: < Rance, a town in the province of Hainault, Belgium, where the marble is quarried (compare quot. 1887). Compare French rance (1755). More fully rance marble. A kind of variegated marble, predominantly dull red in colour. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > metamorphic rock > [noun] > marble > variegated onychites1569 rance1605 onychite1651 brocatello1728 brocatelle1756 pavonazzetto1793 cipolin1798 pavonazzo1816 saveloy marble1839 Algerian onyx1856 onyx marble1862 1605 J. Sylvester Du Bartas's Triumph of Faith Ded., in tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. 545 A Tombe..With Iuorie Pillars, mixt with Iette and Rance. 1632 F. Quarles Divine Fancies iv. liii No Launce can pierce it, it is grown More heard than Raunce, or th' Adamantine stone. 1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. iii. 107 Yielding Coal, Lead, Copper, Rance Marble, and Mill-stones. 1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 107 Chimney-pieces..of Rance, or Liver-colour'd-marble. 1769 Descr. Eng. & Wales VIII. 197 A species called rance-marble, consists of a white, hard, shining grit, streaked with red. 1817 W. Pitt Topogr. Hist. Staffs. II. 166 Yelpersley Torr, and most of the hills thereabouts, are..a rance marble, of a white hard shining grit, striped red, and capable of a good polish. 1887 Dict. Archit. (Archit. Publ. Soc.) Rance, a marble obtained from Hainault in Belgium, of a dingy red colour varied with veins and spots of blue and white. 1906 P. de Nolhac Versailles & Trianons iv. 216 Its eight busts of white marble on pedestals of Rance marble. 1951 N. Pevsner Middlesex (Buildings of Eng.) 39 The monument is of ‘alabaster, tuche, rance, and white and black marble’, as stated in the agreement. 1985 Antiquaries Jrnl. June 396 Garret Johnson's Southwark shop charged £60 for a multi-coloured chimney-piece of alabaster, marble, touch..and rance. 2006 Apollo 1 July 56/2 The steps and pedestal are executed solely in black and white marble; and neither rance nor yellow marble are used at all. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † rancen.⁴ Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown. Compare race n.⁸ Perhaps compare earlier rance n.³ Obsolete. rare. = race n.⁸ ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > a stone > [noun] > concretionary or nodular cinder1562 yolk1665 sinapite1681 race1728 rance1728 pluma1817 pot-lid1822 Suffolk coprolite1867 kernel1892 1728 J. Woodward Fossils All Kinds 16 There's one sort of this found commonly among the clay us'd for making Tyles and Bricks; which the Workmen call Race or Rance. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2018). rancev. Brit. /rɑːns/, /rans/, U.S. /ræns/, Scottish English /rans/ Forms: pre-1700 1800s– ranse, 1800s– rance. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: rance n.² Etymology: < rance n.² Compare French rancer to prop (a decrepit building) up using wooden pillars (1825 in past participle rancé). Scottish. Now rare. transitive. To prop up, brace, or support; (also) to bar, jam, block up. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > support > [verb (transitive)] > prop shore1340 undershore1393 prop1507 underpropa1535 crutch1641 rance1680 trig1711 spur1733 stut1808 spurn1865 scaffold1884 1680 Acct.-bk. Fawside Coal & Salt Wks. in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue 62 at Rancing To the coallheuers for ransing the G[reat] S[ime] synke. 1807 Foord Acct. Bk. MS in Sc. National Dict. 2 To ranceing a house and other Jobs 2 days. 1856 G. Henderson Pop. Rhymes Berwick 58 Some wicked randies ranc'd the door. 1887 P. McNeill Blawearie 54 Did ye sit..wi' a foot ranst against the wa' face. 1894 J. B. Salmond My Man Sandy (rev. ed.) vii. 70 The action o' the alkiehole dejinerates the tishie until the liver becomes akwilly ransed. 1923 G. Watson Roxburghshire Word-bk. 247 Rance, to prop (a fence, etc.) with rances. 1980 M. Brown et al. Gloss. Mining Terms Fife 62 Rance up, to support something, usually the undercut face, with a rance. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1570n.²1574n.³1605n.⁴1728v.1680
随便看	copperseller copperskin copperskinned copperskins copperslate coppersmelting coppersmith coppersmiths coppersmoke coppersnake copperspot copperstick coppertail coppertailed coppertoed coppertop coppertopped copperturner copperuranite coppervitriol copperwall copperwing copperwork copperworks copperworm

† rancen.1

rancen.2

rancen.3

† rancen.4

rancev.

† rancen.¹

rancen.²

rancen.³

† rancen.⁴