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单词 rame
释义

ramen.1

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French rame.
Etymology: < Middle French, French rame branch of a tree (1364 as raime ; 12th cent. in Old French in sense ‘branches collectively’), branch of a blood vessel (15th cent.), also (masculine) †ram branch (10th cent. in Old French), ultimately < classical Latin rāmus branch (see ramus n.). Compare Old Occitan rama (mid 12th cent.; Occitan rama), Catalan rama (second half of the 13th cent.), Spanish rama (late 12th cent.), Portuguese rama (early 12th cent.), Italian rama (c1325), also (masculine) Old Occitan ram (early 12th cent.; Occitan ram), Catalan ram (second half of the 13th cent.), Spanish ramo (second half of the 10th cent.), Portuguese ramo (13th cent.), Italian ramo (13th cent.) The evidence of the Romance languages suggests that the change of gender to feminine occurred early in post-classical Latin, probably by analogy with folia leaf, itself a reinterpretation of the neuter plural as feminine singular (see foil n.1). Compare post-classical Latin rama (9th cent. in a French source). N.E.D. (1903) gives the pronunciation as (rēim) /reɪm/.
Obsolete. rare.
1. The branch of a nerve. Cf. ramus n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > nervous system > nerve > parts of nerves > [noun] > branch
rame1578
surcle1578
ramus1615
sprig1634
twig1683
ramus communicans1798
rootlet1815
radicle1829
nerve twig1865
arm1870
radical1880
neuropilema1891
neuropil1894
1578 J. Banister Hist. Man viii. f. 108v [This] braunch [of nerve]..is reflected aboue the wrest, there into three proper rames specially deuided.
2. A branch of a tree or shrub.In quot. 1858 mocking Latinate poetry.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > bough or branch
boughc1000
limbOE
brancha1300
trainc1390
grain1513
palm1559
arm1579
stem1584
lug-pole1773
hag wood1804
hag1808
tree branch1851
rame1858
1858 O. W. Holmes Æstivation in Autocrat of Breakfast-table xi, in Atlantic Monthly Sept. 500/2 The foles, languescent, pend from arid rames.
1886 T. Heney Fortunate Days 48 The wattles crown With golden down Their somber rames.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

ramen.2

Brit. /reɪm/, U.S. /reɪm/, Scottish English /rem/
Forms: pre-1700 raim, 1800s rame, 1800s rhame, 1900s– rhaim.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: rame v.2
Etymology: < rame v.2 Compare earlier rane n.
Scottish.
A cry (as of a bird); a continuous repetition of the same words or sound; (also) a phrase, remark, etc., repeated over and over; a refrain. Cf. rane n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > a song > [noun] > refrain
refraid?a1439
overword?a1513
refrain1530
foot1538
counterverse1570
faburden1580
burden1598
holding1598
chorus1601
foreburden1603
bob1606
ludden1607
down1611
nonnya1616
rame?c1625
tag1717
overcome?a1800
overturn1825
?c1625 in E. Beveridge & J. D. Westwood Fergusson's Sc. Prov. (1924) No. 1552 The breid of the gowk sho hes not a raim but ane.
1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (at cited word) It is said of one, He has ay ae rame, when he continues to cry for the same thing or to repeat the same sound.
1822 J. Hogg Three Perils of Man I. 244 The poet can bring out naething but rhames o'..nonsense.
1885 S. Mucklebackit Rural Rhymes 179 Here goes at a kind o' rame on Mucklebackit and his wife to the tune o' ‘Oh! Jamie Lad’.
1928 J. G. Horne Lan'wart Loon 26 Thinkin', nae doot, sae near his hame That Tam wad laithless stert his rhaim.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

ramev.1

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: roam v.
Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps a variant of roam v. (although this is otherwise first attested later; compare forms and discussion at that entry).
Obsolete. rare.
intransitive. Probably: to flail or roll about.
ΚΠ
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 3916 Þa Rom-leoden rameden ȝeond uþen; Þa scipen wenden to wundre.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

ramev.2

Brit. /reɪm/, U.S. /reɪm/, Scottish English /rem/, Irish English /reːm/
Forms: late Middle English rame, late Middle English ramy; English regional (chiefly northern) 1800s r'yam (Durham), 1800s– raim (Northumberland), 1800s– rame, 1800s– ra'me (Yorkshire), 1800s– raum (Yorkshire and Lincolnshire), 1800s– rawm (Lincolnshire), 1800s– roam (Yorkshire); Scottish pre-1700 raym, pre-1700 1800s– rame, 1700s remm, 1800s ream, 1800s rhaem, 1800s rhaim, 1800s– rhame, 1900s– raem (Shetland), 1900s– raim, 1900s– ram.
Origin: Of uncertain origin.
Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps the reflex of an unattested Old English *hrāmian < an unattested Old English noun cognate with Old Icelandic hreimr scream, cry, probably ultimately < the same Germanic base as scream v. Compare earlier reme v.Perhaps compare Shetland Scots rem to speak shrilly and incoherently, and its cognates Old Icelandic remja to roar, Norwegian remje to roar, howl, wail, bleat, Old Swedish rämia to cry, scream, shriek (Swedish regional rämja) < an ablaut variant of the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic rámr hoarse; further etymology uncertain, perhaps ultimately imitative. In Scots forms with rh- apparently influenced by rhyme v.
Now Scottish, Irish English (northern), and English regional (northern)
1. intransitive. To shout, cry aloud, scream; to keep up the same cry, to repeat the same thing continuously; to complain persistently. Cf. rane v. Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) records the sense ‘to drone on in monotonous fashion, prate’ as still in use in Ulster in 1967.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > cry of emotion or pain > [verb (intransitive)]
remeeOE
braya1300
singc1405
blarec1440
blorec1440
rame?a1450
?a1450 in Neuphilol. Mitteilungen (1972) 73 204 (MED) To reepe and rame [rhyme hame].
1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. bviv The roy ramyt for reuth.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. x. 76 Thay rame and cry fast on the King Latyne.
1568 A. Scott Poems (1896) xxxiv. 51 Ȝe rame as ȝe wer rent.
1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Rame, to shout, to cry aloud, to roar.
1829 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words (new ed.) Rame, to cry. to ask over and over again in a teazing manner..‘What are yah raming at yah little dirty baggage.’
1889 J. Nicholson Folk Speech of East Yorks. 78 Rame, to cry, to shout. ‘He ramed oot at ma.’
1923 G. Watson Roxburghshire Word-bk. 246 Rame, to complain, harp, repeat, or request monotonously.; to speak or ask fretfully or tiresomely.
1936 J. G. Horne Flooer o' Ling 51 The münelicht sea—It rugs at the he'rt o' me, An' rames an' rames eternally.
2.
a. transitive. To obtain by persistent asking. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 67 Sum ramyis ane rokkat fra the roy.
b. transitive. With over. To repeat (esp. continuously).
ΚΠ
1703 R. Wodrow Analecta (M.C.) I. 43 ‘Thou shalt not eat of a cuckou,’ ‘because,’ sayes he, ‘shee remms still over the same thing.’
1818 J. Hogg Brownie of Bodsbeck II. 76 She'll rhame o'er bladds o' scripture to them.
1822 J. Hogg Three Perils of Man II. 262 I heard Will..rhaming o'er the names o' a' the saints he had ever heard of.
1898 E. W. Hamilton Mawkin of Flow xi I canna make top tail nor mane of the bit song you been rhaming o'er.

Derivatives

ˈraming n.
ΚΠ
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. vi. 94 With loude ramyngis and with mony a schout.
1551 Sc. Acts Mary (1814) 487 Nane of thame may pas throw the streittis for raming and crying vpone thame.
1901 R. De B. Trotter Galloway Gossip Eighty Years Ago 418 It wus the Fivver it had, an whun it gat the turn it took sick a raimin for troots tae eat.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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更新时间:2024/9/20 20:51:58