rathestadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈreɪðᵻst/,

/ˈrɑːðᵻst/, U.S.

/ˈreɪðᵻst/,

/ˈræðᵻst/

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: rathe adj.¹

Etymology: Superlative of rathe adj.¹ (see -est suffix).

†1. Most preferable; quickest, soonest. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > rapidity or speed of action or operation > [adjective] > speedy or prompt (of service or attention)

rathest?1440

tall1542

snappy1977

the mind > will > wish or inclination > willingness > [adjective] > eager > most eager

rathest?1440

the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > [adjective] > relating to preference > chosen in preference to others > worthy to be preferred > most preferable

rathest?1440

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. 753 Thyn assis donge is rathest forto dight A gardyn with; sheep donge is next of myght.

1556 W. Lauder Compend. Tractate Dewtie of Kyngis sig. A^v Vnto quhose actionis in speciall, suld Kyngis geue rathest actendence.

2. Esp. of fruit, flowers, etc.: earliest to ripen or bloom. Also as n. (with the). In later use Irish English. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1585 T. Bilson True Difference Christian Subiection iii. 379 The rathest of these defences came seuenteene yeares after the beginning of Constantius raigne.

1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. H3^v Barly almost ripe to be cut, whereas in England they seldome cut the rathest before the beginning of August.

1633 W. Vaughan Direct. Health Nat. & Artific. (ed. 7) 55 I will begin with strawberies, as the first and rathest fruit in the beginning of summer.

1829 T. Doubleday Dioclesian ii. iv. 88 Mild mother of Proserpina, For thee the yellow Crocus springs And rathest Rose of Ivory sheen.

1892 J. Barlow Irish Idylls 221 Blackberries..in their rathest immaturity.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

rathestadv.

Brit.

/ˈreɪðᵻst/,

/ˈrɑːðᵻst/, U.S.

/ˈreɪðᵻst/,

/ˈræðᵻst/

Forms: early Old English raðosð (probably transmission error), Old English hradost (probably transmission error), Old English hraðost, Old English raðest, Old English raþost, Old English raþust, Old English–early Middle English hraþost, Old English–early Middle English raðost, Middle English raþeest, Middle English raþes (transmission error), Middle English raþest, Middle English raðeste, Middle English ratheste, Middle English–1600s 1800s– rathest; English regional 1800s raathest (Yorkshire), 1900s– raydest (Westmorland); also Scottish pre-1700 rathes.

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: rathe adv.

Etymology: Superlative of rathe adv. (see -est suffix).

†1. Soonest, most readily. Also the rathest. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > [adverb] > in preference to something else

ratherc1300

heldera1400

tittera1400

ererc1425

soon1457

rathest1556

would rather1557

first1580

preferablya1645

choosingly1651

preferable1683

ruther1809

eOE Bede Glosses (Tiber. C.ii) in H. D. Meritt Old Eng. Glosses (1945) 7/2 [Ad martyrium] ocius [pervenire] : þi hradost.

eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) xxxiv. 91 Ælc wyrt & ælc wudu wile weaxan on þæm lande selest,..þær hit gefret þæt hit hraðost weax[an] mæg & latost wealowian.

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xxxiv. 470 Þone fisc þe hine [sc. þinne angel] hraðost forswylhð, geopena his muð.

OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) lxiii. 106 Þæt hy wyllon þas wyrte etan swa hy hraþost [?a1200 Harl. 6258B raðost] to cuman mægen.

a1250 Wohunge ure Lauerd in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 279 (MED) Te þoure [read poure] þu raðeste cheas; pouerte þu luuedes.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vi. 1511 (MED) Fortune..whan a man is most on heyhte..makth him rathest forto falle.

c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. v. 183 Whoso repentiþ raþest [v.rr. raþes; sonnest] schulde rise aftir And grete sire glotoun.

1437 in J. Stevenson Lett. & Papers Illustr. Wars Eng. in France (1864) II. Pref. 69 I beseech you..to purvey some way how I shall mowe rathest neghe payment..of the said somme.

c1450 (?a1400) Quatrefoil of Love (BL Add.) (1935) 49 When I wene ratheste For to fynde lufe beste..It fares all on flyghte.

a1500 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Trin. Dublin) 726 (MED) The hyest thyng raþeest heldes oþer while.

1556 N. Grimald tr. Cicero Thre Bks. Duties i. f. 47 What race of life they wolde the rathest runne.

1597 F. Bacon Of Coulers Good & Euill (Arb.) i. 139 Whome next themselues they would rathest commend.

c1598 King James VI Basilicon Doron (1944) I. 85 Beginning euer rathest at him that ye loue best.

†2. Earliest. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > [adverb] > soon or quickly > very early

rathestOE

with the soonest1542

OE Laws of Cnut (Nero) ii. xxiv. §3. 328 Þæt nan man hit nah to geahnianne raþost þinga ær syx monðum, æfter ðam þe hit forstolen wæs.

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iii. 151 The rathest rypyng grapes.

1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer i. f. cccxxx Who was ycrowned, by god nat the strongest, but he that rathest come and lengest abode.

3. Most of all, most particularly, principally. In later use archaic and English regional (northern). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > pre-eminence > [adverb]

highlyOE

overalla1225

with the firstc1300

principally1340

principalc1390

in principala1393

chiefly14..

ratherestc1400

rathestc1400

primarily1587

kat' exochen1588

paravant1590

pre-eminently1590

primely1610

cardinally1631

transeminently1642

paramountly1798

par eminence1823

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or extraordinary > [adverb]

hurec893

sunderlyeOE

highlyOE

namelya1200

sunderlepesa1200

sunderlepea1225

specialc1230

specially1340

serelya1375

principallyc1390

especially?a1400

rathestc1400

singularlyc1430

selfly1503

singular1530

enspecial1534

inespecially1557

nearly1560

peculiarly1561

inespecial1569

especial1591

speciouslya1616

nominately1641

chief1645

perpendicularly1658

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xv. 222 (MED) In riche robes rathest he [sc. Charity] walketh, Ycalled and ycrimiled and his crowne shaue.

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iii. 44 Oildregges fresshe is profitabul holde To kest amonge, & rathest [L. maxime in olyue.].

a1500 tr. A. Chartier Traité de l'Esperance (Rawl.) (1974) 39 (MED) He that synnith most..is most wourthi to be blamed and on that party ought rathest to tourne the vengeaunce.

1549 T. Chaloner tr. Erasmus Praise of Folie sig. Iiij^v If any sainct amongs other, semeth rathest to be newfounde or poeticall [etc.].

?a1562 G. Cavendish Life Wolsey (1959) 114 (Byfore god) whome I owght most rathest to haue obeyed.

1619 W. Sclater Expos. 1 Thess. (iii. 12) 248 Both, perhaps, had place in this people, rathest the latter.

a1630 D. Hume Hist. Houses Douglas & Angus (1644) 28 The enemie..not knowing which to pursue rathest, he might the better escape.

a1630 D. Hume Hist. Houses Douglas & Angus (1644) 248 He means rathest (as I think) George, now Lord Hume.

1862 C. C. Robinson Dial. Leeds & Neighbourhood 391 Ad rāathest goa to sleep on yuhr knee mammy.

1884 B. Potter Jrnl. 27 Oct. (1966) 107 I would rathest of all copy the raised plaques of Wedgwood.

1927 E. St. Vincent Millay King's Henchman iii. 95 Ghent in Flanders! Great town of my many dreams! Why, lo, thou—thither to fare, That would I rathest of all things under the welkin!

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rathest
释义	rathestadj.n. Brit. /ˈreɪðᵻst/, /ˈrɑːðᵻst/, U.S. /ˈreɪðᵻst/, /ˈræðᵻst/ Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: rathe adj.¹ Etymology: Superlative of rathe adj.¹ (see -est suffix). †1. Most preferable; quickest, soonest. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > rapidity or speed of action or operation > [adjective] > speedy or prompt (of service or attention) rathest?1440 tall1542 snappy1977 the mind > will > wish or inclination > willingness > [adjective] > eager > most eager rathest?1440 the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > [adjective] > relating to preference > chosen in preference to others > worthy to be preferred > most preferable rathest?1440 tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. 753 Thyn assis donge is rathest forto dight A gardyn with; sheep donge is next of myght. 1556 W. Lauder Compend. Tractate Dewtie of Kyngis sig. A^v Vnto quhose actionis in speciall, suld Kyngis geue rathest actendence. 2. Esp. of fruit, flowers, etc.: earliest to ripen or bloom. Also as n. (with the). In later use Irish English. Now rare. ΚΠ 1585 T. Bilson True Difference Christian Subiection iii. 379 The rathest of these defences came seuenteene yeares after the beginning of Constantius raigne. 1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. H3^v Barly almost ripe to be cut, whereas in England they seldome cut the rathest before the beginning of August. 1633 W. Vaughan Direct. Health Nat. & Artific. (ed. 7) 55 I will begin with strawberies, as the first and rathest fruit in the beginning of summer. 1829 T. Doubleday Dioclesian ii. iv. 88 Mild mother of Proserpina, For thee the yellow Crocus springs And rathest Rose of Ivory sheen. 1892 J. Barlow Irish Idylls 221 Blackberries..in their rathest immaturity. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2022). rathestadv. Brit. /ˈreɪðᵻst/, /ˈrɑːðᵻst/, U.S. /ˈreɪðᵻst/, /ˈræðᵻst/ Forms: early Old English raðosð (probably transmission error), Old English hradost (probably transmission error), Old English hraðost, Old English raðest, Old English raþost, Old English raþust, Old English–early Middle English hraþost, Old English–early Middle English raðost, Middle English raþeest, Middle English raþes (transmission error), Middle English raþest, Middle English raðeste, Middle English ratheste, Middle English–1600s 1800s– rathest; English regional 1800s raathest (Yorkshire), 1900s– raydest (Westmorland); also Scottish pre-1700 rathes. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: rathe adv. Etymology: Superlative of rathe adv. (see -est suffix). †1. Soonest, most readily. Also the rathest. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > [adverb] > in preference to something else ratherc1300 heldera1400 tittera1400 ererc1425 soon1457 rathest1556 would rather1557 first1580 preferablya1645 choosingly1651 preferable1683 ruther1809 eOE Bede Glosses (Tiber. C.ii) in H. D. Meritt Old Eng. Glosses (1945) 7/2 [Ad martyrium] ocius [pervenire] : þi hradost. eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) xxxiv. 91 Ælc wyrt & ælc wudu wile weaxan on þæm lande selest,..þær hit gefret þæt hit hraðost weax[an] mæg & latost wealowian. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xxxiv. 470 Þone fisc þe hine [sc. þinne angel] hraðost forswylhð, geopena his muð. OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) lxiii. 106 Þæt hy wyllon þas wyrte etan swa hy hraþost [?a1200 Harl. 6258B raðost] to cuman mægen. a1250 Wohunge ure Lauerd in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 279 (MED) Te þoure [read poure] þu raðeste cheas; pouerte þu luuedes. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vi. 1511 (MED) Fortune..whan a man is most on heyhte..makth him rathest forto falle. c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. v. 183 Whoso repentiþ raþest [v.rr. raþes; sonnest] schulde rise aftir And grete sire glotoun. 1437 in J. Stevenson Lett. & Papers Illustr. Wars Eng. in France (1864) II. Pref. 69 I beseech you..to purvey some way how I shall mowe rathest neghe payment..of the said somme. c1450 (?a1400) Quatrefoil of Love (BL Add.) (1935) 49 When I wene ratheste For to fynde lufe beste..It fares all on flyghte. a1500 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Trin. Dublin) 726 (MED) The hyest thyng raþeest heldes oþer while. 1556 N. Grimald tr. Cicero Thre Bks. Duties i. f. 47 What race of life they wolde the rathest runne. 1597 F. Bacon Of Coulers Good & Euill (Arb.) i. 139 Whome next themselues they would rathest commend. c1598 King James VI Basilicon Doron (1944) I. 85 Beginning euer rathest at him that ye loue best. †2. Earliest. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > [adverb] > soon or quickly > very early rathestOE with the soonest1542 OE Laws of Cnut (Nero) ii. xxiv. §3. 328 Þæt nan man hit nah to geahnianne raþost þinga ær syx monðum, æfter ðam þe hit forstolen wæs. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iii. 151 The rathest rypyng grapes. 1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer i. f. cccxxx Who was ycrowned, by god nat the strongest, but he that rathest come and lengest abode. 3. Most of all, most particularly, principally. In later use archaic and English regional (northern). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > pre-eminence > [adverb] highlyOE overalla1225 with the firstc1300 principally1340 principalc1390 in principala1393 chiefly14.. ratherestc1400 rathestc1400 primarily1587 kat' exochen1588 paravant1590 pre-eminently1590 primely1610 cardinally1631 transeminently1642 paramountly1798 par eminence1823 the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or extraordinary > [adverb] hurec893 sunderlyeOE highlyOE namelya1200 sunderlepesa1200 sunderlepea1225 specialc1230 specially1340 specially1340 serelya1375 principallyc1390 especially?a1400 rathestc1400 singularlyc1430 selfly1503 singular1530 enspecial1534 inespecially1557 nearly1560 peculiarly1561 inespecial1569 especial1591 speciouslya1616 nominately1641 chief1645 perpendicularly1658 c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xv. 222 (MED) In riche robes rathest he [sc. Charity] walketh, Ycalled and ycrimiled and his crowne shaue. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iii. 44 Oildregges fresshe is profitabul holde To kest amonge, & rathest [L. maxime in olyue.]. a1500 tr. A. Chartier Traité de l'Esperance (Rawl.) (1974) 39 (MED) He that synnith most..is most wourthi to be blamed and on that party ought rathest to tourne the vengeaunce. 1549 T. Chaloner tr. Erasmus Praise of Folie sig. Iiij^v If any sainct amongs other, semeth rathest to be newfounde or poeticall [etc.]. ?a1562 G. Cavendish Life Wolsey (1959) 114 (Byfore god) whome I owght most rathest to haue obeyed. 1619 W. Sclater Expos. 1 Thess. (iii. 12) 248 Both, perhaps, had place in this people, rathest the latter. a1630 D. Hume Hist. Houses Douglas & Angus (1644) 28 The enemie..not knowing which to pursue rathest, he might the better escape. a1630 D. Hume Hist. Houses Douglas & Angus (1644) 248 He means rathest (as I think) George, now Lord Hume. 1862 C. C. Robinson Dial. Leeds & Neighbourhood 391 Ad rāathest goa to sleep on yuhr knee mammy. 1884 B. Potter Jrnl. 27 Oct. (1966) 107 I would rathest of all copy the raised plaques of Wedgwood. 1927 E. St. Vincent Millay King's Henchman iii. 95 Ghent in Flanders! Great town of my many dreams! Why, lo, thou—thither to fare, That would I rathest of all things under the welkin! This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.?1440adv.eOE
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