单词 | raiser |
释义 | raisern. 1. A person who raises something or someone, in various senses; spec. a person who breeds animals or cultivates plants.Recorded earliest in raiser-up n. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > resurrection or revival > [noun] > one who raisera1400 resurrector1864 the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > improvement > [noun] > one who improves mendera1382 raisera1400 betterer1600 improver1613 meliorator1782 ameliorator1930 the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > state of being awake > [noun] > action, act, or state of waking or being wakened > specific waking or rousing > one who arearera1382 rearera1382 waker1390 raisera1400 awakener1598 awaker1611 rouser1611 excitator1688 arouser1869 waker-upper1935 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > [noun] > spreading scandal > one who noiser1434 raisera1500 Tutivillus1523 dissipater1537 tutiviller1568 disperser1580 disseminator1667 scandal-bearer1712 scandal-monger1721 scandal-crimp?1798 mauvaise langue1888 society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > hire or rent > rent (land or real property) > [noun] > higher or extra > increase in rent > one who raiser1577 society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > tax collection > [noun] > tax-collector catchpoleOE publicanc1175 tallagerc1400 leviera1513 vectigal1535 renter?1536 task-gatherer1552 exactor1570 uptaker1576 exacter1596 mise-gatherer1597 taxer1603 tax-taker1610 raiser1611 summonitor1617 summonisterc1625 riding officer1675 zamindar1683 tax-gatherer1693 desai1698 amildar1761 amil1763 collector1772 tax-master1796 tehsildar1799 taxman1803 tax-receiver1830 tax-collector1833 the taxes1874 revenuer1877 revenue1880 levyist1923 T-man1938 the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > [noun] > one who planter1281 cropper1580 growera1687 raiser1707 vegetist1775 the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > gardener > [noun] > types of gardener arborist1578 nursery gardener1629 nurseryman1629 raiser1707 kitchen gardener1709 market gardener1727 curator1761 landscape-gardenera1763 plannerc1770 mail-gardener1798 landscape architect1863 trucker1868 plantsman1881 weekend gardener1884 groundsman1886 rock gardener1886 tea-gardener1903 landscapist1936 wild gardener1966 society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > builder > [noun] bigger1307 biggandc1350 builderc1380 edifiera1464 erectora1552 upbigger1562 structora1634 tectonist1634 architect1665 compiler1713 raiser1949 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 16704 Heil þou temple caster doun..And reiser [c1460 Laud reysar] vp. a1425 (?a1350) Gospel of Nicodemus (Galba) (1907) 1162 (MED) To þe, Ihesu, we pray, rayser till life fro ded. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Judith xiv. 9 That Holofernes schulde awake not of the reiseris [L. excitantibus]. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 244 (MED) Ye..rasars of slanderyngys, ye ar my dere darlyngys. 1571 G. Buchanan Admonitioun Trew Lordis sig. A.4v Raisseris of Rebellioun. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 47v In no wyse to be a rayser or enhaunser of rentes. 1611 Bible (King James) Dan. xi. 20 Then shall stand vp in his estate a raiser of taxes. View more context for this quotation 1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 624 The raysers of the War were scattered here and there. 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry xvi. 315 A planter or raiser of trees ought to consider the under soil, as well as the superficies of the earth. 1741 C. Middleton Hist. Life Cicero I. vi. 459 Cæsar was the author and raiser of all that storm. 1819 W. Scott Legend of Montrose in Waverley Novels (1830) XV. ii. 21 As..the raisers of those valorous Scottish regiments that were the dread of Germany began to fall pretty thick..we, their children, succeeded to their inheritance. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess Concl. 162 A raiser of huge melons and of pine. 1884 Harper's Mag. June 53/2 A disappointed raiser of church debts. 1921 Sat. Westm. Gaz. 10 Sept. 16/2 We owe this new race [of freesias] largely to Continental raisers. 1949 H. Wilcox Six Moons in Sulawesi ii. 29 In Assam, for instance, the staunch Naga tribesmen..are also head-hunters and raisers of megaliths. 1980 F. Manolson & A. Fraser in K. Thear & A. Fraser Small Farmer's Guide raising Livestock & Poultry (U.S. ed.) vii. 184/1 As an alternative to bucket feeding some calf raisers prefer to let a nurse cow do the work for them. 2001 L. Erdrich Last Rep. on Miracles at Little No Horse vii. 124 Such a good raiser of monies was immensely rare. 2. Something which lifts or raises an object from one level to another. Also in extended use.In later use frequently as the second element in compounds.In quots. 1671 and 1740: an elevator muscle. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > types of muscles > [noun] sphincter1578 raiser1588 in-muscle?1609 oblique1612 abducens1615 abductor1615 adductor1615 antagonist1615 bender1615 depressor1615 extender1615 flexor1615 levator1615 quadratus1615 rectus1615 retractor1615 sphincter-muscle1615 accelerator1638 bicepsa1641 elevator1646 adducent1649 lifter1649 rotator1657 flector1666 contractor1682 dilater1683 orbicularis palpebrarum1694 transverse muscle1696 tensor muscle1704 biventer1706 extensor1713 attollent1728 constrictor1741 dilator1741 risibles1785 orbicularis oculi1797 obliquus1799 erector1828 extensor-muscle1830 compressor1836 trans-muscle1836 antagonizer1844 motor1846 evertor1848 inflector1851 protractor1853 prime mover1860 orbicular1872 transversalis1872 invertor1875 skeletal muscle1877 dilatator1878 occlusor muscle1878 sphincter1879 pilomotor1892 agonist1896 1588 J. Read tr. F. Arcaeus Compend. Method i. iii. f. 7 Wee will shew..what is the vse of diuers instrumentes, that is to say, of the Trepans, of the Eductories or drawers forth, or of those which are called Eleuatories or Raisors. 1671 J. Sharp Midwives Bk. i. ix. 28 Of each side of the Yard, one of these Muscles is shorter and thicker than the others are, and they serve to raise the Yard and to make it stand, and are therefore called raisers or erecters. 1701 tr. D. Tauvry New Rational Anat. ii. xiii. 246 We must consider the Body is a Machine consisting of many Members. Some bones serve for supporters, and others for raisers. 1740 J. Sparrow tr. H. F. Le Dran Observ. Surg. (ed. 2) Expl. Fig. v. sig. A8 The Raiser of the Scapula. 1794 W. Felton Treat. Carriages I. 135 Those platforms, raisers or blocks, are added to a carriage..to elevate and support the budget, boot, hind foot-boards and springs. 1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Alice II. x. ii. 170 His excited fancy, was the real and sole raiser of the spectre. 1908 Animal Managem. (War Office) 121 The utility of boiled foods in the service is limited to their occasional use as condition raisers for horses which require fattening. 1972 Physics Bull. Nov. 655/2 Surface inclusions may..act as local stress raisers because they have an elastic stiffness different from that of the surrounding glass. 1996 C. Geerdes in ‘W. Tinasky’ Lett. ii. 79/2 (notes) He bought an old school bus..and hit the road to hype the psychedelic drug as a consciousness raiser. 3. Joinery. a. A vertical piece connecting two treads in a stair; a riser (see riser n. 7a). Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > stairs > [noun] > step > riser riser1556 raiser1679 rise1711 1679 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. ix. 152 You would by supporting each Step with a Raiser have the model of a true pair of Winding Stairs. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 110/2 Raiser, is the Board set on edge under the foreside of a Step in a pair of Stairs, which makes the height of the Step. 1703 Moxon's Mech. Exercises (new ed.) 164 Raiser, is a Board set on edge under the Fore-side of a step. ?1790 Proposal Several Artificers Wks. Suffolk 3 The Steps to be of Inch and half Oak-plank, and Raisers whole yellow Deals free from Sap. a1844 P. Nicholson Encycl. Archit. (c1850) II. 359 Raiser, a board set on the edge under the foreside of a step, a stair, &c. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1874/1 Raiser, the front of a step. 1913 C. Young & S. Brooks Spons' Pract. Builders' Pocket-bk. Gloss. 367 Raiser (staircase), riser. 1993 Sunday Mail (Austral.) (Nexis) 13 June Stairs must have similar..raisers as steps, and a secured handrail banister. ΚΠ 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 85 All the grooves for starts or raisers, and buckets, were cut out before it was removed. 4. Cards. Cf. raise v.1 34a. a. In Bridge: a card or combination of cards which justifies the increase by a player of his or her partner's bid. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [noun] > types of card card of re-entry1870 master card1872 singleton1876 entry1884 control1892 stopper1900 raiser1912 long card1913 loser1917 X1920 minor1927 top1929 side entry1937 penalty card1958 master1962 1912 F. Irwin Fine Points Auction Bridge 89 No guarded queens nor guarded jacks in side-suits, may be counted as raisers. 1929 M. C. Work Compl. Contract Bridge v. 100 It is impossible to translate each individual element directly into raisers. b. In Bridge or Poker: a player who increases his or her partner's bid. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [noun] > player or players > type of bidder declarer1905 underbidder1923 raiser1927 no-trumper1929 pre-emptor1931 responder1931 cue-bidder1932 overbidder1936 psychist1945 1927 M. C. Work Bridge Pointers & Tests ii. v. 55 In other words, raising from two to three is permissible without normal support provided the raiser has other strength. 1964 R. L. Frey & A. F. Truscott Official Encycl. Bridge 447/1 Raiser, the player who bids for a greater number of tricks in a suit first bid by his partner. 2002 A. Bellin Poker Nation v. 89 Let's say the rest of the players have folded, and you are heads-up with the original raiser. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1400 |
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