ravanastronn.

Brit.

/ˌrɑːvəˈnɑːstrən/, U.S.

/ˌrɑvəˈnɑstrən/

Forms:

α. 1700s– ravanastron, 1900s– ravanastra.

β. 1900s– ravanahasta, 1900s– ravanhast, 1900s– ravanhasta.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Sanskrit. Etymons: French ravanastron; Sanskrit rāvaṇahasta.

Etymology: In α. forms < French ravanastron (1782 in the passage translated in quot. 1788) < Tamil irāvaṇāstam and Telugu rāvaṇahastamu kind of fiddle < Sanskrit rāvaṇahasta forearm of Ravana < Rāvaṇa Ravana, the name of a demon and legendary king of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) + hasta forearm, hand (see hathi n.). In β. forms directly < Sanskrit rāvaṇahasta.P. Sonnerat (1782, in the source translated in quot. 1788) believed that the Sanskrit etymon was rāvaṇāstram weapon of Ravana.

An Indian musical instrument played with a bow, typically having two strings and a long neck.More complex forms of the instrument with sympathetic strings also exist.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > other bowable instruments

monochorda1450

tympan?a1475

rebab1671

ravanastron1788

vihuela1832

sarinda1851

sarod1867

arpeggione1879

quinton1889

surbahar1896

dilruba1921

esraj1921

spike-fiddle1940

1788 F. Magnus tr. P. Sonnerat Voy. E. Indies II. 125 The Pandarons, a kind of religious order, who are very numerous, accompany themselves with a sort of fiddle which they call Ravanastron.

1789 F. Magnus tr. P. Sonnerat Voy. E. Indies III. p. xxxv Ravanastron, a musical instrument of the Indians.

1864 C. Engel Music Most Anc. Nations ii. 81 The Hindoos maintain that the ravanastron, one of their old instruments played with the bow, was invented about five thousand years ago by Ravanen, a mighty king in Ceylon.

1953 S. Beckett Watt 71 A ravanastron hung, on the wall, from a nail, like a plover.

1965 S. Krishnaswami Mus. Instruments of India 16 One of the earliest stringed instruments played with a bow was called the ravanastra. This instrument was associated with Ravana.

1988 Yearbk. Trad. Music 20 54 His description of the ravanastron (i.e. ravanahasta) caused several generations of musicologists to assume that the fiddle bow originated in India.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ravanastron
释义	ravanastronn. Brit. /ˌrɑːvəˈnɑːstrən/, U.S. /ˌrɑvəˈnɑstrən/ Forms: α. 1700s– ravanastron, 1900s– ravanastra. β. 1900s– ravanahasta, 1900s– ravanhast, 1900s– ravanhasta. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Sanskrit. Etymons: French ravanastron; Sanskrit rāvaṇahasta. Etymology: In α. forms < French ravanastron (1782 in the passage translated in quot. 1788) < Tamil irāvaṇāstam and Telugu rāvaṇahastamu kind of fiddle < Sanskrit rāvaṇahasta forearm of Ravana < Rāvaṇa Ravana, the name of a demon and legendary king of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) + hasta forearm, hand (see hathi n.). In β. forms directly < Sanskrit rāvaṇahasta.P. Sonnerat (1782, in the source translated in quot. 1788) believed that the Sanskrit etymon was rāvaṇāstram weapon of Ravana. An Indian musical instrument played with a bow, typically having two strings and a long neck.More complex forms of the instrument with sympathetic strings also exist. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > other bowable instruments monochorda1450 tympan?a1475 rebab1671 ravanastron1788 vihuela1832 sarinda1851 sarod1867 arpeggione1879 quinton1889 surbahar1896 dilruba1921 esraj1921 spike-fiddle1940 1788 F. Magnus tr. P. Sonnerat Voy. E. Indies II. 125 The Pandarons, a kind of religious order, who are very numerous, accompany themselves with a sort of fiddle which they call Ravanastron. 1789 F. Magnus tr. P. Sonnerat Voy. E. Indies III. p. xxxv Ravanastron, a musical instrument of the Indians. 1864 C. Engel Music Most Anc. Nations ii. 81 The Hindoos maintain that the ravanastron, one of their old instruments played with the bow, was invented about five thousand years ago by Ravanen, a mighty king in Ceylon. 1953 S. Beckett Watt 71 A ravanastron hung, on the wall, from a nail, like a plover. 1965 S. Krishnaswami Mus. Instruments of India 16 One of the earliest stringed instruments played with a bow was called the ravanastra. This instrument was associated with Ravana. 1988 Yearbk. Trad. Music 20 54 His description of the ravanastron (i.e. ravanahasta) caused several generations of musicologists to assume that the fiddle bow originated in India. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1788
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