ravagen.
/ˈravɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈrævɪdʒ/ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > [noun]
streamc950
water floodOE
floodc1000
waterOE
diluvya1325
waterganga1325
flowinga1340
delugec1374
diluvec1386
Noah's floodc1390
overflowing1430
inundation1432
flowa1450
surrounding1449
over-drowninga1500
spate1513
float1523
drowning1539
ravine1545
alluvion1550
surundacion1552
watershot1567
overflow1589
ravage1611
inunding1628
surroundera1642
water breach1669
flooding1799
debacle1802
diluviation1816
deluging1824
superflux1830
whelm1842
come1862
floodage1862
sheet-flood1897
flash flooding1939
flash-flood1940
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Ragats d'eau, a great floud, inundation, rauage of waters.
1677 E. Coles Dict. Eng.-Lat. (at cited word) A Ravage of water, inundatio.
2.
a. The action or practice of ravaging; the result of this action; destruction, devastation, or extensive damage caused by a person or animal.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > [noun] > devastation or desolation
harryingc900
harrowingc1000
wastinga1300
destructionc1330
harryc1330
wastenessa1382
wastitya1382
desolation1382
unroningnessa1400
wrackc1407
exile1436
havoc1480
hership1487
vastation1545
vastitude1545
sackc1550
population1552
waste1560
ravishment1570
riotingc1580
pull-down1588
desolating1591
degast1592
devastation1603
ravage1611
wracking1611
ravagement1766
herriment1787
carnage1848
wastage1909
enhavocking-
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > sacking, raiding, or looting > [noun]
harryingc900
harrowingc1000
skeckinga1387
pillagea1393
skickinga1400
forayingc1400
hership1487
direption1528
sackc1550
sacking1560
sackage1577
saccaging1585
picory1591
reprisalc1595
boot-haling1598
booty-haling1611
rapture?1611
ravage1611
prize-taking1633
plunder1643
booting1651
hen roost1762
ravagement1766
raiding1785
loot1839
looting1842
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Ravage, rauage, hauocke, spoyle.
1613 R. Dallington Briefe Inference Guicciardines Digression 19 in Aphorismes Ciuill & Militarie Among which barbarous people, whose rauage and spoile was but like the furie of a sodain floud.
1684 Scanderbeg Redivivus vi. 154 They slew near one Hundred-Thousand; and having finisht their Ravage, took Bialogrod.
1691 J. Ray Wisdom of God 90 To secure their Eggs and Young from the ravage of Apes and Monkeys.
1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 185. ⁋3 What would so soon destroy all the order of society, and deform life with violence and ravage, as a permission to every one to judge his own cause.
1789 Ann. Reg. 1787 Chron. 225/2 The houses of the Stadtholderians were not exempted from ravage.
1821 P. B. Shelley Adonais xlviii. 23 'Tis nought That ages, empires, and religions there Lie buried in the ravage they have wrought.
1872 Ld. Tennyson Gareth & Lynette 28 Many another suppliant crying came With noise of ravage wrought by beast and man.
1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 471/2 The contemporary ecclesiastics recorded with wonder many instances of their clemency: the Christian churches saved from ravage; protection granted to vast multitudes..who took refuge therein; [etc.].
1996 P. Dukes World Order in Hist. i. 18 The ravage of Asia by Tamerlane and Genghis Khan.
b. In extended use: the destructive or damaging action or effects of disease, time, weather, etc.
ΚΠ
1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding iv. vi. 296 The Qualities observed in a Load-stone, must needs have their Source far beyond the Confines of that Body: and the ravage made often on several sorts of Animals, by invisible Causes, [etc.].
1705 F. Fuller Medicina Gymnastica 88 To what must we attribute the Ravage this Disease makes.
1744 E. Haywood Female Spectator I. vi. 341 How dreadful a Ravage has furious Passion occasioned among the Human Specie, under the Names of Fevers, Pleurisies, Convulsions!
1801 Lusignan IV. 229 The ravage time and affliction had made on those features.
1868 Ld. Tennyson Lucretius 176 Seeing with how great ease Nature can smile..At random ravage.
1918 Times 18 Nov. 6/2 General Smuts's troops..were suffering from the ravage of dysentery.
2003 E. Haralson Henry James & Queer Modernity 15 A period when the uplift of Stonewall seems increasingly distant and the ravage of AIDS depressingly present.
3. An instance of destruction or devastation caused by a person or animal, or by disease, time, the weather, etc. Now usually in plural.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > [noun] > devastation or desolation > ravages
wastes1615
ravagea1627
ravagement1649
depredation1663
a1627 J. Hayward Life & Raigne Edward Sixt (1630) 79 The French king supposing to make his hand by these rude rauages in England brake of his treaty of peace proclaimed hostilitie.
1627 G. Hakewill Apologie ii. vii. 113 Through the kingdom it [sc. plague] made such a ravage, as it tooke away more then halfe of men, Church-yards could not suffice to burie the dead.
1662 R. L'Estrange Memento i. ix. 130 Whether from Dearth, Losses by Fire, or Storme; Piracies, Banquerupts; the Ravages of Warr.
1745 J. Mason Treat. Self-knowl. i. xiv. 112 The Torment of the Mind, under such an Insurrection and merciless Ravage of the Passions.
1780 R. B. Sheridan School for Scandal ii. ii. 18 If Mrs. Evergreen does take some pains to repair the ravages of time.
1804 Sydney Gaz. 21 Oct. 2 On Tuesday night last a dreadful ravage was made at Long Cove by native dogs upon the joint flock of Messrs. Mann and Kable.
1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) III. xxi. 169 The ravages of the pestilence continued..for two years.
1885 Archaeologia 49 116 The Sarmatian hordes..extended their ravages to the neighbouring Moesian province.
1903 Science 27 Nov. 693/1 The loss to the cotton crop of Texas through the ravages of the Mexican cotton boll weevil.
1906 ‘O. Henry’ in Munsey's Mag. Aug. 557/2 The moonlight charitably softened the ravages of drink.
1956 S. R. McCune Korea's Heritage (1959) iii. 31 The nation's prosperity was broken only by the occasional ravages of Japanese pirates.
1993 S. Marshall Nest of Magpies (1994) xlii. 369 The thatch..had been covered with wire-netting to prevent the worst ravages of nesting sparrows.
2002 BusinessWeek 3 June 90/1 A laser treatment, called photorejuvenation, that can remove the ravages of sun and age.
ΚΠ
1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas II. vi. i. 416 Three hundred pistoles, the lawful ravage of their pockets [Fr. on avoit trouvé dans leurs poches].
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
ravagev.
/ˈravɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈrævɪdʒ/ 1.
a. transitive. Originally: to devastate, lay waste (land, a country, etc.), as by deliberate destruction or plunder. Later more generally: to cause severe and extensive damage to.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > devastate or lay waste (a place, etc.)
harryc893
fordoc900
awesteeOE
westeeOE
losec950
harrowc1000
destroyc1230
wastec1275
ravishc1325
to lie waste1338
exilea1382
to-wastea1382
unronea1400
desolatea1425
vast1434
fruster?a1513
to lay waste1535
wipe1535
devast1537
depopulate1548
populate1552
forwaste1563
ruinate1564
havoc1575
scourge1576
dispopulate1588
destitute1593
ravage1602
harassa1618
devastate1638
execute1679
to make stroy of1682
to lay in ashes1711
untown1783
hell-rake1830
uncity1850
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > sacking, raiding, or looting > sack, raid, or loot [verb (transitive)]
reaveOE
harrowc1000
ravishc1325
spoil1382
forayc1400
forage1417
riflea1425
distrussc1430
riotc1440
detruss1475
sacka1547
havoc1575
sackage1585
pillagea1593
ravage1602
yravish1609
boot-hale1610
booty-hale1610
plunder1632
forage1642
rape1673
prig1819
loot1845
raid1875
1602 T. Lodge tr. Josephus Hist. Antiq. Iewes v. i, in tr. Josephus Wks. 102 They..filled the Citie with dead carcasses, which at length being set on fire, serued them for a funerall flame to consume them in, and with equall furie rauaged and burnt the fields [Fr. on brusla la ville auec tout le païs circonuoisin, L. ciuitatem quoque incenderunt: simul & regionem].
a1649 W. Drummond Hist. Scotl. (1655) 158 Men abhorring quietness ravaged the Countrey and did what they pleased.
a1704 T. Brown Ess. Satire Ancients in Wks. (1730) I. 24 The barbarians who ravag'd Greece and Italy.
1728 J. Morgan Compl. Hist. Algiers I. ii. 227 He continued his Excursions, miserably ravaging all the Italian Coasts.
1758 S. Johnson Idler 15 July 113 Life is continually ravaged by Invaders.
1819 D. Thomas Trav. Western Country 155 The army worm..has ravaged the meadows.
1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xx. 170 That sweet face so sadly ravaged by grief and despair.
1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 1 Feb. 3/2 The whole of Lower Burmah was ravaged by bands of dacoits, who defied and defeated the local authorities and robbed whole villages.
1968 Observer 29 Dec. (Colour Suppl.) 18/3 We saw a fretful baby with the unmistakable signs of early kwashiorkor, the disease of protein starvation that ravages Africa.
1982 E. Kallen Ethnicity & Human Rights Canada p. xi Racism continues to ravage the multicultural fabric of Canadian society.
2007 Cairns (Queensland) Post (Nexis) 18 Sept. 12 All those individuals who live in poor health and poverty or are ravaged by drink and drug use.
b. transitive. To strip or despoil of by such destructive action.
ΚΠ
1815 S. Willard Columbian Union 133 No one will inhabit them but slaves under the thumb of speculators accompanying them as masters, and continue [sic] closely to ravage them of all they earn.
1861 H. A. Jacobs Incidents Life Slave Girl vi. 57 Jealousy and hatred enter the flowery home, and it is ravaged of its loveliness.
1931 Eng. Hist. Rev. 46 247 Game was destroyed wantonly, parks were ravaged of their deer, and much forest and park land belonging to the Crown was disposed of by the revolutionary governments.
1993 D. W. Meinig Shaping of Amer. II. 396 The actual scenes were quickly transformed into hills ravaged of their forest cover, valley floors crammed with canal, railroads, and the shambling structures and rubble of industry.
2. intransitive. To commit ravages; to bring about destruction or devastation; to wreak havoc. Also: to travel or proceed while doing this; to rampage.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (intransitive)] > cause devastation
to make stressa1400
to make havoc1480
ravage1604
to work havoca1774
to play (up) old gooseberry1827
to play havoc1910
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > sacking, raiding, or looting > sack, raid, or loot [verb (intransitive)]
harryc893
skeckc1330
skicka1400
cry havoc1419
foray1487
raven1570
booty1580
rapine1580
pillage1593
boot-hale1598
to make boota1599
ravage1604
scummer1633
maraud1684
loot1842
raid1848
1604 R. Dallington View of Fraunce sig. F4 See here the many-headed Hidra that rauaged al ouer France.
1659 H. Hammond Paraphr. & Annot. Psalms (civ. 20–21 Paraphr.) 512 Beasts of prey, which..are inabled to ravage, and feed.
1709 R. Gould Wks. I. 86 Not so the Ancient Bards employ'd their Zeal, To plot and ravage on the Common Weal.
1780 E. Middleton Biogr. Evangelica II. 318 The plague..which ravaged through Holland.
1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge iv. 258 The locksmith, who had..been ravaging among the eatables.
1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People ii. §7. 95 When the Danes were ravaging along Loire as they ravaged along Thames.
1914 Times Lit. Suppl. 24 Apr. 194/1 One of the lesser gates into India, through which..wild hillmen have descended into Bengal, raiding and ravaging for loot and captives.
1966 Jrnl. Rom. Stud. 56 45 He ran short of supplies and so he marched, ravaging through Eordaea, Elimotis and Orestis.
1992 D. Dunnett King Hereafter (BNC) 690 Outside the churches of St Cuthbert, he is allowing his men to ravage and rob where they wish.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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