ratun.

Brit.

/raˈtuː/, U.S.

/ræˈtu/

Forms: 1700s ratoo, 1800s– ratu. Also with capital initial.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Indonesian. Partly a borrowing from Malay. Partly a borrowing from Fijian. Etymons: Indonesian ratu; Malay ratu; Fijian ratu.

Etymology: Partly < Indonesian ratu (now chiefly) queen, (also) king and Malay ratu king, queen ( < Javanese ratu sovereign, king, queen; already in Old Javanese), and partly < Fijian ratu king, queen ( < the same Malayo-Polynesian base as the Javanese word), both cognate with Malay datu ruler, datuk elder, title of respect (see Datuk n.).

Originally (in Indonesia and Fiji): a king, queen, or prince; a local ruler. Now esp. (in Fiji): a man of noble rank; chief. Frequently as a title.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > king > [noun] > petty king > Indonesian or Fijian

ratua1811

1798 S. H. Wilcocke tr. J. S. Stavorinus Voy. E.-Indies I. ii. i. 214 I..appoint the said pangorang, to be pangorang ratoo, or hereditary prince, and heir to the crown and the whole empire of Bantam.]

a1811 J. Leyden tr. Malay Ann. (1821) 157 The toddy-man's son became ratu of Majapahit.

1816 Asiatic Jrnl. & Monthly Reg. Dec. 560/2 Cota-ringin..is situated on a large river... The chief is styled Ratu Cota-ringin, and his subjection to Banjar is more nominal than real.

1850 W. Lawry Friendly & Feejee Islands ii. 113 One of the most remarkable of these seers I have heard of, was a blind man, well known to Ratu Melchisedec, the Chief of Vewa, and to others of the Vewa people.

1880 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 607/2 Ratu Loro Kidul is princess of the southern sea, and has her seat among the caves and fiords of the southern coast.

1907 Daily Chron. 30 Nov. 4/6 They are captained by Ratu Kadavu Levu, the grandson of the last native monarch of Fiji, Thakombau. Ratu is Fijian for Prince.

1937 M. Covarrubias Island of Bali viii. 250 Finally it is time for the prince, the ratú, to appear; the patih recites his praises and..begs him to enter.

1966 Economist 16 Apr. 232/1 General Suharto, Indonesia's strong man, has found a way of remaining loyal both to his guru..and to his ratu (king).

1977 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) 14 Apr. (Business Suppl.) 11/3 Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara of Fiji, representing the developing countries, said in reply [etc.].

2006 Fiji Times (Nexis) 8 July 16 For Ratu Tanoa, being a cupbearer to Princess Anne was an honour and a duty that his family had always adhered to whenever the royal family visited Fiji.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ratu
释义	ratun. Brit. /raˈtuː/, U.S. /ræˈtu/ Forms: 1700s ratoo, 1800s– ratu. Also with capital initial. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Indonesian. Partly a borrowing from Malay. Partly a borrowing from Fijian. Etymons: Indonesian ratu; Malay ratu; Fijian ratu. Etymology: Partly < Indonesian ratu (now chiefly) queen, (also) king and Malay ratu king, queen ( < Javanese ratu sovereign, king, queen; already in Old Javanese), and partly < Fijian ratu king, queen ( < the same Malayo-Polynesian base as the Javanese word), both cognate with Malay datu ruler, datuk elder, title of respect (see Datuk n.). Originally (in Indonesia and Fiji): a king, queen, or prince; a local ruler. Now esp. (in Fiji): a man of noble rank; chief. Frequently as a title. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > king > [noun] > petty king > Indonesian or Fijian ratua1811 1798 S. H. Wilcocke tr. J. S. Stavorinus Voy. E.-Indies I. ii. i. 214 I..appoint the said pangorang, to be pangorang ratoo, or hereditary prince, and heir to the crown and the whole empire of Bantam.] a1811 J. Leyden tr. Malay Ann. (1821) 157 The toddy-man's son became ratu of Majapahit. 1816 Asiatic Jrnl. & Monthly Reg. Dec. 560/2 Cota-ringin..is situated on a large river... The chief is styled Ratu Cota-ringin, and his subjection to Banjar is more nominal than real. 1850 W. Lawry Friendly & Feejee Islands ii. 113 One of the most remarkable of these seers I have heard of, was a blind man, well known to Ratu Melchisedec, the Chief of Vewa, and to others of the Vewa people. 1880 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 607/2 Ratu Loro Kidul is princess of the southern sea, and has her seat among the caves and fiords of the southern coast. 1907 Daily Chron. 30 Nov. 4/6 They are captained by Ratu Kadavu Levu, the grandson of the last native monarch of Fiji, Thakombau. Ratu is Fijian for Prince. 1937 M. Covarrubias Island of Bali viii. 250 Finally it is time for the prince, the ratú, to appear; the patih recites his praises and..begs him to enter. 1966 Economist 16 Apr. 232/1 General Suharto, Indonesia's strong man, has found a way of remaining loyal both to his guru..and to his ratu (king). 1977 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) 14 Apr. (Business Suppl.) 11/3 Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara of Fiji, representing the developing countries, said in reply [etc.]. 2006 Fiji Times (Nexis) 8 July 16 For Ratu Tanoa, being a cupbearer to Princess Anne was an honour and a duty that his family had always adhered to whenever the royal family visited Fiji. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1811
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