quorumn.

Brit.

/ˈkwɔːrəm/, U.S.

/ˈkwɔrəm/

Forms:

α. late Middle English– quorum, 1600s qorum; Scottish pre-1700 quoram, pre-1700 qworum, pre-1700 1700s– quorum, 1800s qorum.

β. Scottish pre-1700 corum.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French quorum; Latin quōrum.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman quorum select body of (usually eminent) justices of the peace, every member of which had to be present to constitute a deciding body (1437 or earlier; the word is apparently not attested in continental French until much later (1672, originally with reference to a body of justices of the peace in England)) and its etymon classical Latin quōrum, literally ‘of whom’ (genitive plural of quī who: see who pron.), from the wording of commissions in which certain persons were specially designated as members of a body by the words quorum vos..unum (duos, etc.) esse volumus ‘of whom we will that you..be one (two, etc.)’.

1. Originally: a select body of (usually eminent) justices of the peace, every member of which had to be present to constitute a deciding body; a member of this body. Later more generally: all justices collectively. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > judge > [noun] > judge necessary to constitute bench

quorum1426

1426 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1834) III. 220 (MED) For asmuche as no sessioun of þe pees may be holden withouten þaim..þat be named justice in the quorum, it seemeth expedient þat suche be ordeyned to be in þe quorum as can and wol truely & duely laboure þe seid office.

1455 Rolls of Parl. V. 334/1 The Justicez or Justice of the Peax of the Quorum yn the same Shire.

1495 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 2 §5 ij of the Justices of the peas wherof one shalbe of the Quorum.

1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Tresilian vii At sessions & at syses..In patentes & commissions of Quorum.

1581 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha i. ix. 55 The one muste be of the select number of them [sc. Iustices], now commonly called of the Quorum... These of the Quorum, were wont..to be chosen, specially for their learning in the laws of the Realme.

1619 H. Hutton Compend. Hist. Ixion's Wheele in Follie's Anat. sig. E3^v The Gods..Quorum Iustice warrants sent by poast.

1633 P. Massinger New Way to pay Old Debts i. i. sig. B1^v Old Sir John Wellborne, Iustice of peace, and quorum.

1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses II. 274 George Wither..a Justice of Peace in Quorum for Hampshire.

1728 C. Cibber Vanbrugh's Provok'd Husband ii. i. 28 I'm o' th' Quorum—I have been at Sessions.

1757 C. Arnold Poems Several Occasions 220 Grave as a Justice of the Quorum.

1772 in ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra II. lxviii. 321 The King, &c. hath ordained, that the justices of the peace, or two of them at least (whereof one to be of the quorum) have authority.

1824 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1825) 395 An age like this,..So bright its magisterial quorum, Its kings so holy in alliance, Its navy, every man sanctorum.

1844 R. Franklin House of Brocklesby & Other Poems 62 A quorum magistrate, he liv'd and died.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xxii. 705 A squire who was one of the quorum.

1910 Daily Chron. 9 Mar. 1/6 A reversion to the ‘quorum of justices’, a system as old as the time of Shakespeare, but fallen into desuetude during recent years, was suggested at the meeting yesterday of the Royal Commission on the Appointment of Justices of the Peace.

1995 C. Morris Becoming Southern viii. 148 In 1820 the state legislature confirmed Jacob Hyland's..prominence..by appointing him justice of the quorum.

2. Distinguished or essential members of any body; a select company. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a company or body of persons > [noun] > other specific types of company

rabblement1536

rabble rout?1589

quorum1596

besorta1616

flying squadron1670

alliance1703

minority1837

umma1885

lads1888

minority group1919

flying squad1927

milieu1927

focus group1938

visible minority1940

enclave1945

1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) ix. xlvi. 218 The hellish Potentates..a new Commission framed, Narcissus ghost, and Ecchos voyce, therein of Quorum named.

1659 A. Brome Panegyric Verses in R. Brome Wks. II These would-be Quorum-Wits, and by their own Commission, do invade Apollo's throne.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Suff. 71 He was afterwards of the Quorum in the translating of the Bible.

1677 A. Marvell Acct. Growth Popery 79 [They are] so small a Scantling in number, that men can scarce reckon of them more then a Quorum.

1747 Scheme Equip. Men of War 24 A Quorum of Surgeons..should be ordered to..examine them.

1859 J. R. Green Oxf. Stud. (O.H.S.) ii. §10. 128 The deepest sot among the topers of the quorum.

a1893 C. Sangster St Lawrence & Other Poems (1972) I. 113 At Elizabeth's birth Love's fair Goddess presided O'er a quorum of dames in her high court above.

1995 Times 6 Mar. 21/6 He was elected to the post [of President] by the Church's governing body, The Quorum of Twelve Apostles.

†3. Essential materials or elements. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1610 E. Bolton Elements of Armories sig. Aa1 How come Number, and Position to bee of the Quorum in this discourse?

1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine i. v. 12 Salt, Bread and Wine..(all of the Quorum to every feast).

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iii. 112 Fullers earth..a great Commodity of the Quorum to the making of good Cloath.

4. A fixed minimum number of members of an assembly or society that must be present at any of its meetings to make the proceedings of that meeting valid. Also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > [noun] > number of members > required for proper transaction of business

quorum1616

1616 in J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 81 The Assemblie appoynts twenty Commissioners nominat, whereof six a quorum, to attend the King's Majestie's ansuer.

1644 in W. Fraser Melvilles & Leslies (1890) III. 173 They..with ony twa of the vthir tutouris abouenominat to be ane quoram.

a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1669 (1955) III. 527 It was ordered that five should be a quorum for a Council.

1720 R. Wodrow Corr. (1843) II. 524 The Commission should have met this day; but we have not a quorum in the forenoon.

1735 S.-Carolina Gaz. 20 Dec. 1/2 Item,That there shall be chosen on such Annual Meetings of the said Society, by the Majority of the Members then present, five Directors (three of whom shall be a Quorum) one Treasurer, and one Clerk.

1759 R. Jackson Hist. Rev. Pennsylvania 35 Two thirds were to be a Quorum in the upper Walk of Business, and one third in the lower.

1800 P. Colquhoun Treat. Commerce & Police R. Thames xiii. 369 At the Meetings of the Directors, five Members shall be a quorum, capable of acting.

a1857 B. Young Disc. (1925) xii. 206 Whenever you see these Quorums unanimous in their declaration, you may set it down as true.

1870 J. H. Burton Hist. Scotl. to 1688 V. lvii. 420 Six were to be a quorum, of whom the chancellor must always be one.

1902 A. H. Lewis Wolfville Nights xvii. 259 A quorum of the committee is away teeterin' about in their own affairs.

1964 Mod. Law Rev. 28 iii. 295 It was never possible to secure a quorum at general meetings.

2003 L. F. Winner Mudhouse Sabbath iii. 32 It is one of the prayers that requires a quorum of ten adults—you are not allowed to say Kaddish alone in your house.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	quorum
释义	quorumn. Brit. /ˈkwɔːrəm/, U.S. /ˈkwɔrəm/ Forms: α. late Middle English– quorum, 1600s qorum; Scottish pre-1700 quoram, pre-1700 qworum, pre-1700 1700s– quorum, 1800s qorum. β. Scottish pre-1700 corum. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French quorum; Latin quōrum. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman quorum select body of (usually eminent) justices of the peace, every member of which had to be present to constitute a deciding body (1437 or earlier; the word is apparently not attested in continental French until much later (1672, originally with reference to a body of justices of the peace in England)) and its etymon classical Latin quōrum, literally ‘of whom’ (genitive plural of quī who: see who pron.), from the wording of commissions in which certain persons were specially designated as members of a body by the words quorum vos..unum (duos, etc.) esse volumus ‘of whom we will that you..be one (two, etc.)’. 1. Originally: a select body of (usually eminent) justices of the peace, every member of which had to be present to constitute a deciding body; a member of this body. Later more generally: all justices collectively. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > judge > [noun] > judge necessary to constitute bench quorum1426 1426 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1834) III. 220 (MED) For asmuche as no sessioun of þe pees may be holden withouten þaim..þat be named justice in the quorum, it seemeth expedient þat suche be ordeyned to be in þe quorum as can and wol truely & duely laboure þe seid office. 1455 Rolls of Parl. V. 334/1 The Justicez or Justice of the Peax of the Quorum yn the same Shire. 1495 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 2 §5 ij of the Justices of the peas wherof one shalbe of the Quorum. 1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Tresilian vii At sessions & at syses..In patentes & commissions of Quorum. 1581 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha i. ix. 55 The one muste be of the select number of them [sc. Iustices], now commonly called of the Quorum... These of the Quorum, were wont..to be chosen, specially for their learning in the laws of the Realme. 1619 H. Hutton Compend. Hist. Ixion's Wheele in Follie's Anat. sig. E3^v The Gods..Quorum Iustice warrants sent by poast. 1633 P. Massinger New Way to pay Old Debts i. i. sig. B1^v Old Sir John Wellborne, Iustice of peace, and quorum. 1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses II. 274 George Wither..a Justice of Peace in Quorum for Hampshire. 1728 C. Cibber Vanbrugh's Provok'd Husband ii. i. 28 I'm o' th' Quorum—I have been at Sessions. 1757 C. Arnold Poems Several Occasions 220 Grave as a Justice of the Quorum. 1772 in ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra II. lxviii. 321 The King, &c. hath ordained, that the justices of the peace, or two of them at least (whereof one to be of the quorum) have authority. 1824 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1825) 395 An age like this,..So bright its magisterial quorum, Its kings so holy in alliance, Its navy, every man sanctorum. 1844 R. Franklin House of Brocklesby & Other Poems 62 A quorum magistrate, he liv'd and died. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xxii. 705 A squire who was one of the quorum. 1910 Daily Chron. 9 Mar. 1/6 A reversion to the ‘quorum of justices’, a system as old as the time of Shakespeare, but fallen into desuetude during recent years, was suggested at the meeting yesterday of the Royal Commission on the Appointment of Justices of the Peace. 1995 C. Morris Becoming Southern viii. 148 In 1820 the state legislature confirmed Jacob Hyland's..prominence..by appointing him justice of the quorum. 2. Distinguished or essential members of any body; a select company. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a company or body of persons > [noun] > other specific types of company rabblement1536 rabble rout?1589 quorum1596 besorta1616 flying squadron1670 alliance1703 minority1837 umma1885 lads1888 minority group1919 flying squad1927 milieu1927 focus group1938 visible minority1940 enclave1945 1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) ix. xlvi. 218 The hellish Potentates..a new Commission framed, Narcissus ghost, and Ecchos voyce, therein of Quorum named. 1659 A. Brome Panegyric Verses in R. Brome Wks. II These would-be Quorum-Wits, and by their own Commission, do invade Apollo's throne. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Suff. 71 He was afterwards of the Quorum in the translating of the Bible. 1677 A. Marvell Acct. Growth Popery 79 [They are] so small a Scantling in number, that men can scarce reckon of them more then a Quorum. 1747 Scheme Equip. Men of War 24 A Quorum of Surgeons..should be ordered to..examine them. 1859 J. R. Green Oxf. Stud. (O.H.S.) ii. §10. 128 The deepest sot among the topers of the quorum. a1893 C. Sangster St Lawrence & Other Poems (1972) I. 113 At Elizabeth's birth Love's fair Goddess presided O'er a quorum of dames in her high court above. 1995 Times 6 Mar. 21/6 He was elected to the post [of President] by the Church's governing body, The Quorum of Twelve Apostles. †3. Essential materials or elements. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1610 E. Bolton Elements of Armories sig. Aa1 How come Number, and Position to bee of the Quorum in this discourse? 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine i. v. 12 Salt, Bread and Wine..(all of the Quorum to every feast). 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iii. 112 Fullers earth..a great Commodity of the Quorum to the making of good Cloath. 4. A fixed minimum number of members of an assembly or society that must be present at any of its meetings to make the proceedings of that meeting valid. Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > [noun] > number of members > required for proper transaction of business quorum1616 1616 in J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 81 The Assemblie appoynts twenty Commissioners nominat, whereof six a quorum, to attend the King's Majestie's ansuer. 1644 in W. Fraser Melvilles & Leslies (1890) III. 173 They..with ony twa of the vthir tutouris abouenominat to be ane quoram. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1669 (1955) III. 527 It was ordered that five should be a quorum for a Council. 1720 R. Wodrow Corr. (1843) II. 524 The Commission should have met this day; but we have not a quorum in the forenoon. 1735 S.-Carolina Gaz. 20 Dec. 1/2 Item,That there shall be chosen on such Annual Meetings of the said Society, by the Majority of the Members then present, five Directors (three of whom shall be a Quorum) one Treasurer, and one Clerk. 1759 R. Jackson Hist. Rev. Pennsylvania 35 Two thirds were to be a Quorum in the upper Walk of Business, and one third in the lower. 1800 P. Colquhoun Treat. Commerce & Police R. Thames xiii. 369 At the Meetings of the Directors, five Members shall be a quorum, capable of acting. a1857 B. Young Disc. (1925) xii. 206 Whenever you see these Quorums unanimous in their declaration, you may set it down as true. 1870 J. H. Burton Hist. Scotl. to 1688 V. lvii. 420 Six were to be a quorum, of whom the chancellor must always be one. 1902 A. H. Lewis Wolfville Nights xvii. 259 A quorum of the committee is away teeterin' about in their own affairs. 1964 Mod. Law Rev. 28 iii. 295 It was never possible to secure a quorum at general meetings. 2003 L. F. Winner Mudhouse Sabbath iii. 32 It is one of the prayers that requires a quorum of ten adults—you are not allowed to say Kaddish alone in your house. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1426
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