quipun.

Brit.

/ˈkiːpuː/,

/ˈkwɪpuː/, U.S.

/ˈkipu/,

/ˈkwɪˌpu/

Forms:

α. 1600s 1800s– quippo, 1600s 1800s– quipu, 1700s–1800s quipo, 1800s quippu.

β. 1800s– kipu, 1900s– khipu.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Spanish. Partly a borrowing from Quechua. Etymons: Spanish quipu, quipo; Quechua khipu.

Etymology: < Spanish quipu (1570), also quipo (1551), †quippo (1555 in the passage translated in quot. 1581 at sense 1), and its etymon Quechua khipu (also quipu) knot.

Now chiefly historical.

1. A device consisting of cords or threads of different colours arranged and knotted in various ways, used originally by the Incas of Peru and the surrounding areas for recording events, keeping accounts, sending messages, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematical instruments > [noun] > arithmetical instrument

mesograph1579

mesolabe1579

quipu1581

rods1618

Napier's bones1647

Napier's rods1678

reckoner1757

counter1803

adding machine1822

operameter1830

virgulaa1831

adder1856

computer1869

arithmometer1876

perforation gauge1882

Cuisenaire rod1954

number line1964

number cruncher1966

cruncher1971

society > communication > information > message > [noun] > knotted cords or threads

quipu1581

society > communication > record > pictorial, etc., records > [noun] > knotted cords in Mexico, Peru, etc.

quipu1581

1581 T. Nicholas tr. A. de Zárate Discov. & Conquest Peru i. v. sig. cij^v But their accompts or recknings of time, were made vpon a string or coard made of cotton woolle, which the Indians called Quippos [Sp. Quippos].

1604 E. Grimestone tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies (1880) II. 406 They supplied the want of letters and writings..partely, and most commonly by Quippos. These Quippos are memorialls, or registers, made of bowes.

1688 P. Rycaut tr. G. de la Vega Royal Comm. Peru vi. vi. 195 Having shorn the Huanacus and the Vicuna, they let them escape, keeping an exact account of all these wild Cattel, as if they had been tame Flocks, noting them in their Quipus.

1703 tr. A. de Ovalle Hist. Relation Chile iii. iv. 74/1 They have their Quipoes, which is a sort of Strings of different bigness, in which they make Knots of several colours, by which they remember... When they go to Confess, these Quipoes serve them to remember their Sins.

1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. II. vii. 304 The quipos seem to have been a device for rendering calculation more expeditious and accurate.

1830 T. Carlyle in Fraser's Mag. Nov. 413/1 History has been written with quipo-threads, with feather pictures, with wampum-belts.

1853 T. Ross tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. Amer. III. xxvi. 88 These quipos or knotted cords are found in Canada, in Mexico, in Peru, in the plains of Guiana, in Central Asia, in China, and in India.

1870 J. Lubbock Origin of Civilisation (ed. 2) ii. 31 Even the Peruvians had no better means of recording events than the Quippu or Quipu.

1925 P. Radin tr. J. Vendryes Language 319 In the same category as ‘messenger-sticks’ are the Peruvian quippos and the Iroquois wampums.

1966 Listener 29 Dec. 957/2 The mnemonic device of knotted strings, the quipu which Professor Gelb says was only suitable ‘for rudimentary accounting purposes’.

2006 Times Higher Educ. Suppl. 24 Feb. 22 The Inca civilisation had no writing at all, only a complex form of counting (the knotted quipu).

2. In extended use. rare.

ΚΠ

1781 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1862) 2nd Ser. III. 64 I believe you would contrive to knot them some quipos of kind remembrance.

1885 E. Lynn Linton Autobiogr. Christopher Kirkland III. iii. 83 Marian Evans, whose first knot in the quipos of her fame was made by this work.

1991 A. D. Foster Cat-a-lyst x. 153 She is something of a free-lance quipu maker... One who is not overly concerned with the accuracy of the knots she ties.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	quipu
释义	quipun. Brit. /ˈkiːpuː/, /ˈkwɪpuː/, U.S. /ˈkipu/, /ˈkwɪˌpu/ Forms: α. 1600s 1800s– quippo, 1600s 1800s– quipu, 1700s–1800s quipo, 1800s quippu. β. 1800s– kipu, 1900s– khipu. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Spanish. Partly a borrowing from Quechua. Etymons: Spanish quipu, quipo; Quechua khipu. Etymology: < Spanish quipu (1570), also quipo (1551), †quippo (1555 in the passage translated in quot. 1581 at sense 1), and its etymon Quechua khipu (also quipu) knot. Now chiefly historical. 1. A device consisting of cords or threads of different colours arranged and knotted in various ways, used originally by the Incas of Peru and the surrounding areas for recording events, keeping accounts, sending messages, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical instruments > [noun] > arithmetical instrument mesograph1579 mesolabe1579 quipu1581 rods1618 Napier's bones1647 Napier's rods1678 reckoner1757 counter1803 adding machine1822 operameter1830 virgulaa1831 adder1856 computer1869 arithmometer1876 perforation gauge1882 Cuisenaire rod1954 number line1964 number cruncher1966 cruncher1971 society > communication > information > message > [noun] > knotted cords or threads quipu1581 society > communication > record > pictorial, etc., records > [noun] > knotted cords in Mexico, Peru, etc. quipu1581 1581 T. Nicholas tr. A. de Zárate Discov. & Conquest Peru i. v. sig. cij^v But their accompts or recknings of time, were made vpon a string or coard made of cotton woolle, which the Indians called Quippos [Sp. Quippos]. 1604 E. Grimestone tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies (1880) II. 406 They supplied the want of letters and writings..partely, and most commonly by Quippos. These Quippos are memorialls, or registers, made of bowes. 1688 P. Rycaut tr. G. de la Vega Royal Comm. Peru vi. vi. 195 Having shorn the Huanacus and the Vicuna, they let them escape, keeping an exact account of all these wild Cattel, as if they had been tame Flocks, noting them in their Quipus. 1703 tr. A. de Ovalle Hist. Relation Chile iii. iv. 74/1 They have their Quipoes, which is a sort of Strings of different bigness, in which they make Knots of several colours, by which they remember... When they go to Confess, these Quipoes serve them to remember their Sins. 1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. II. vii. 304 The quipos seem to have been a device for rendering calculation more expeditious and accurate. 1830 T. Carlyle in Fraser's Mag. Nov. 413/1 History has been written with quipo-threads, with feather pictures, with wampum-belts. 1853 T. Ross tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. Amer. III. xxvi. 88 These quipos or knotted cords are found in Canada, in Mexico, in Peru, in the plains of Guiana, in Central Asia, in China, and in India. 1870 J. Lubbock Origin of Civilisation (ed. 2) ii. 31 Even the Peruvians had no better means of recording events than the Quippu or Quipu. 1925 P. Radin tr. J. Vendryes Language 319 In the same category as ‘messenger-sticks’ are the Peruvian quippos and the Iroquois wampums. 1966 Listener 29 Dec. 957/2 The mnemonic device of knotted strings, the quipu which Professor Gelb says was only suitable ‘for rudimentary accounting purposes’. 2006 Times Higher Educ. Suppl. 24 Feb. 22 The Inca civilisation had no writing at all, only a complex form of counting (the knotted quipu). 2. In extended use. rare. ΚΠ 1781 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1862) 2nd Ser. III. 64 I believe you would contrive to knot them some quipos of kind remembrance. 1885 E. Lynn Linton Autobiogr. Christopher Kirkland III. iii. 83 Marian Evans, whose first knot in the quipos of her fame was made by this work. 1991 A. D. Foster Cat-a-lyst x. 153 She is something of a free-lance quipu maker... One who is not overly concerned with the accuracy of the knots she ties. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1581
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