ragen.
/reɪdʒ/, U.S. /reɪdʒ/ 1. Violent anger, fury, usually manifested in looks, words, or action; an instance or fit of this; †angry disposition (obsolete).
a. Of a person.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > furious anger > [noun]
foamc900
wrethec950
woodnessc1000
eyec1175
wrathc1175
grim13..
ragingc1300
ragec1325
furyc1374
fiercetya1382
fiercenessc1384
wrotha1400
grindellaikc1400
rasedheadc1450
furor1477
windc1485
furiousnessc1500
enrage1502
furiosity1509
passion1524
ourningc1540
enragement1596
enragedness1611
transportation1617
emportment1663
madness1663
foaming1709
infuriation1848
the mind > emotion > anger > furious anger > [noun] > instance or fit of furious anger
wratha1200
ragec1325
furyc1374
paroxysm1578
rapturea1616
orgasma1763
ramp1798
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 4415 (MED) In is wod rage he wende Vor to awreke is vncle deþ.
c1330 Seven Sages (Auch.) (1933) 347 Þe emperice wex wroþ..And gradde ‘harow’ wiȝ gret rage.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) ii. 1275 (MED) In such a rage..His Moder sodeinliche he tok.
a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) 156 Yfrounced foule was hir visage, And grennyng for dispitous rage.
a1450 Quixley's Ballades in Yorks. Archæol. Jrnl. (1909) 20 44 (MED) Hir yhonge two sons..In a grete raage sche slowgh.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. clxiijv He could not appeace, the furious rage of the common people.
1575 U. Fulwell Flower of Fame f. 27v I can not scuse his rage and hautie pride, That forced mee my vnkle to offende.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) v. iii. 86 Desire not t'allay My Rages and Reuenges, with your colder reasons. View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 142 The Seer, who could not yet his Wrath asswage, Rowl'd his green Eyes, that sparkl'd with his Rage . View more context for this quotation
1745 M. Akenside Friendship & Love 5 Cease, rival Pow'rs, with Rage unjust to glow, Ye both to Men the noblest Gifts bestow.
1773 H. Chapone Lett. Improvem. Mind II. 19 The sharpest accusation excites pity or contempt, rather than rage.
1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake v. 212 The foe..Foiled his wild rage by steady skill.
1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia II. x. i. 573 Liable to rages, to utterances of a coarse nature.
1920 F. S. Fitzgerald This Side of Paradise ii. v. 297 The little man leaned back against the seat, his face purple with rage.
2001 C. Glazebrook Madolescents xxv. 213 Stomping down the path, I kick out at a tub of purple plants and knack my toe, which gets me even more in a rage.
b. Of an animal.
ΚΠ
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. 5240 (MED) Riht as a Leon in his rage..A naked swerd he pulleth oute.
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) 556 (MED) A dragon þere com..He lete his rage for hire sake.
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. 3225 (MED) Þe bodies of þis ilke tweyne Conservid wern from þe hungri rage Of best and foule.
a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 3173 In his ferss curag Of armys, as o lyoune in his rag.
c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1921) II. ii. 4140 He berit as ane lyoun in rage.
1611 Bible (King James) Job xxxix. 24 [The horse] swalloweth the ground with fiercenesse and rage . View more context for this quotation
1687 J. Dryden Hind & Panther i. 18 The Wolfe, the Bear, the Boar..Their rage repress'd,..stand aloof, and tremble.
1705 R. Blackmore Eliza iv. 108 The Noble Beast with Rage distracted roars.
1720 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad V. xvii. 609 So looks the Lion o'er a mangled Boar, All grim with Rage.
1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake vi. 277 The prisoned eagle dies for rage.
1872 Scribner's Monthly Jan. 314/2 The rage of the bear had evidently been kindled by her offspring being wounded.
1984 J. F. Lamb et al. Essent. Physiol. (ed. 2) ix. 280 Normally there is a balance between rage and placidity, so that an animal will only become enraged if severely provoked.
c. As the second element in compounds: denoting an outburst of esp. pent-up anger and aggression triggered by a specific incident; esp. denoting unprovoked violence or aggression against someone who is perceived to have behaved in a careless, dangerous, or antagonistic manner, in pavement rage, trolley rage, etc.; see road rage n., roid rage n. at roid n. Compounds. Attested earliest in roid rage, but in later compounds frequently after road rage.
ΚΠ
1987 San Diego Union-Tribune (Nexis) 21 July d7 Anabolic steroids..do create psychological effects. You hear references to 'Roid Rage.
1988 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times 2 Apr. b1/3 A fit of ‘road rage’ has landed a man in jail, accused of shooting a woman passenger who's [sic] car had ‘cut him off’ on the highway.
1995 Scotsman (Electronic ed.) 30 July But after road rage and trolley rage, where a shopper attacked someone who complained about queue-jumping, could we soon be seeing ‘cash machine rage’?
1996 Guardian 27 Aug. 14/5 The audible car alarm has become an appalling blight on our urban existence... It is beyond time for legislation banning these obsolete accessories before we have a case of alarm rage.
1997 Sunday Mirror (Electronic ed.) 17 Aug. A schoolboy was throttled by a man in a ‘golf rage’ attack... [He] was attacked when he went to apologise to a family after his golf ball narrowly missed them.
1998 Evening Post (Bristol) (Electronic ed.) 30 July I shudder to think what would happen were Bristol to become a cycle-only zone—cycle rage and accidents would become commonplace.
2001 Leicester Mercury (Electronic ed.) 10 Jan. Ignorance, bad attitude and pavement rage seems to be the in thing.
2. In extended use (of a natural force or agent).† b. A flood, a high tide, a swell; a sudden rising of the sea. Obsolete. † c. A fierce blast of wind. Obsolete. rare.
a. Ferocity, violent action, or ‘fury’ (of natural forces or bodies, as the wind, weather, sea, etc.); an instance of this.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [noun]
brathc1175
reighshipc1275
airc1300
ragec1330
sturdinessc1384
violencea1387
fierceness1435
vehemencyc1487
furiosity1509
fiercetya1513
bremeness?1529
boistousness1530
vehemence1535
bruteness1538
violency1538
violentness1544
vehementness1561
wrath1579
fury1585
torture1605
keenness?1606
ragingness1621
stiffness1623
rapt1632
tempestuousness1648
boisterousnessa1650
rampancy1652
boisture1667
untamedness1727
paroxysm1893
storminess1894
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > [noun] > insanity or madness
woodnessc1000
woodshipc1000
madshipc1225
woodc1275
woodhead1303
ragec1330
amentiaa1398
madnessa1398
frenzy?a1400
madheada1400
maddingc1400
alienation?a1425
furiosity?a1475
derverye1480
forcenery1480
furiousnessc1500
unwitness1527
unwitting1527
demencya1529
straughtness1530
insaniea1538
brainsickness1541
lunacy1541
amenty1557
distraughtness1576
dementation?1583
straughtedness1583
insanity1590
crazedness1593
bedlam1598
dementia1598
insanation1599
non compos mentis1607
distraction1609
daffinga1614
disinsanitya1625
cerebrosity1647
vecordy1656
fanaticness1662
non-sanity1675
insaneness1730
craziness1755
hydrophobia1760
vecord1788
derangement1800
vesania1800
a screw loose1810
unsoundness1825
dementedness1833
craze1841
psychosis1847
crackiness1861
feyness1873
crack1891
meshugas1898
white ant1908
crackedness1910
pottiness1933
loopiness1939
wackiness1941
screwballism1942
kink1959
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > [noun] > insanity or madness > fit of madness
widden-dreamOE
resea1300
ragec1330
lunacy1541
raving1549
fit1594
moon1607
ravening1607
lunesa1616
rapturea1616
widdrim1644
raptus1740
brain storm1890
c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) 4580 (MED) Þe wind blew hardde wiþ gret rage.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 142 Uor þe rage and uor þe tempeste of euele tongen.
c1400 Life St. Alexius (Laud 622) (1878) 593 (MED) Wynde aroos wiþ wood rage.
1405 in H. M. Flasdieck Mittelengl. Originalurkunden (1926) 35 Ȝif it..the forsaide newe hauen..be stoppyd be rage of the see..þat thann the place, [etc.].
?a1500 tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (Harl.) (1942) 39 (MED) By a grett rage & storme off wheder hijs schyppe was dryven into an yle.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid x. xii. 19 The fors..of the hevynnis and byr of seis rage.
1562 Bp. J. Pilkington Expos. Abdyas Pref. 8 The rage of fyre is swaged with water.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 39 Bodies..exposed to the Sunnes fiery rage.
1689 E. Arwaker Votive Table 2 This brings down Tempests on his Sacred Head; On him the Rising Storm first vents its Rage.
1707 Boston News-let. 25 Oct. 2/1 Essays were made to save the men from drowning, but no Canoo could approach them by reason of the Rage of the Sea.
1770 J. Armstrong Imitations Shaks. 148 in Misc. I. 155 Ev'ry petty brook..mocks the river's rage.
a1822 P. B. Shelley tr. P. Calderon Scenes from Magico Prodigioso in Posthumous Poems (1824) 378 In contempt of the elemental rage A man comes forth in safety.
1854 Southern Literary Messenger 20 372/1 The rage of the sea was terribly beautiful.
1966 G. Mackay Brown Cal. of Love 91 The boat jumping..all over the Sound with the rising rage of the sea.
2006 Africa News (Nexis) 27 July A posture that makes them very vulnerable to the rages of winds and depredations of floods.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > [noun] > sea
ragea1393
surabundance?1473
sea-breach1620
sea-breaka1688
transgression1882
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. 549 (MED) Whanne..al the rage was aweie..The Sones [sc. of Noah]..This world departe thei begonne.
a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 5662 (MED) Þe opene erþe shulde letting be Þat swoloweþ the rage of þe see.
a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) IV. 12 At Ragis of Spring Tydes.
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iv. f. 173 The olde water lying vnder the leuell of the Sea, wyll not out agayne, except a greater rage come in.
1885 A. Brassey In Trades 361 These apparently unaccountable risings of the waves are called by the natives [of the Bahamas] ‘rages’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > blast or gust of
ghosteOE
blasta1000
blas?c1225
ragec1405
blorec1440
flaw1513
thud1513
flaga1522
fuddera1522
flake1555
flan1572
whid?1590
flirta1592
gust1594
berry1598
wind-catch1610
snuff1613
stress1625
flash1653
blow1655
fresh1662
scud1694
flurry1698
gush1704
flam1711
waff1727
flawer1737
Roger's Blasta1825
flaff1827
slat1840
scart1861
rodges-blast1879
huffle1889
slap1890
slammer1891
Sir Roger1893
c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1127 Ther out cam a rage and swich a veze That it made al the gate for to rese.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > lack of moderation or restraint > [noun]
unimetec888
unmethelOE
overdeeda1200
unmetheshipa1250
outragec1325
ragec1330
reveriec1350
delavinessc1380
recolagea1400
dissolutionc1400
superfluityc1405
wantonness1448
intemperancy1532
intemperacy?1541
untemperance?1541
intemperance1547
excess1552
immoderateness1569
intemperateness1571
unbridledness1571
inordinateness1577
untemperateness1578
dissoluteness1580
acrasia1590
acrasy1590
intemperature1602
inordination1615
inordinancya1617
immoderation1640
extravagancy1651
debauch1672
extravagance1676
incontinency1715
extravaganza1754
incontinence1836
unmeasuredness1864
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > [noun] > action or behaviour
ragec1330
wantoning1596
the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [noun] > jest or pleasantry
playOE
gameOE
ragec1330
ribaldyc1330
triflinga1382
bourda1387
japeryc1386
jesting1526
jest1551
jollity1591
pleasantry1602
lepidity1647
drollery1653
droll1670
sport1671
pleasancy1684
funniment1822
c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) 2967 (MED) Haue ich eni..Þat..an erneste & a rage [v.r. game] Euer spekeþ frensche laungage?
c1390 Roberd of Cisyle (Vernon) (1930) 190 (MED) Þer nas in court grom ne page þat of þe Kyng ne made rage.
a1450 Seven Sages (Cambr. Dd.1.17) (1845) 2177 (MED) The knave..bygan onnoon hys rage And cast watyr oppon the kage.
a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) 21303 (MED) Lat thy ffantasyes be, ffor to brynge folk in rage.
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. i. 35 So is Alcides beaten by his rage [sc. Lichas's trick] . View more context for this quotation
4. † a. Folly, rashness; an instance of this; a foolish act. Obsolete.† c. Rabies in a dog. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > weakness of intellect > madness, extreme folly > [noun]
woodnessc1000
woodhead1303
madnessc1384
ragec1390
lunacya1592
idiotism1592
wittolry1592
midsummer madnessa1616
hare-brainedness1656
idiotry1757
insanity1840
meshugas1898
c1390 Castle of Love (Vernon) (1967) 197 (MED) Adam þorw reuþful rage Was cast out of his heritage.
?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 11356 For luf men dos many rage [a1450 Lamb. gret outrage].
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) 4329 Alisaunder..bad non habbe þat rage Þe water to passe of Estrage.
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. 2638 (MED) It were a rage a man from hym to chase Welful Fortune.
c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn 380 (MED) The hoost of Southwork..had no spice of rage.
b. Madness, insanity; a fit or attack of madness. Now archaic. to fall in (a) rage: to become mad.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > weakness of intellect > madness, extreme folly > [noun] > instance of
ragea1400
insanity1840
a1400 (c1300) Northern Homily: Knight who did Penance among Worms (Coll. Phys.) in Middle Eng. Dict. at Rage Snakes and nederes..gert him almast fal in rage.
c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1153 Yet saugh I woodnesse laughyng in his rage [v.r. rache].
?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 59 (MED) He fell in a rage & oute of his wytt.
a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 3493 (MED) He shal crie as a man in rage.
1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour iv. sig. O.iv Thocht sum de Naturally, throuch aige, Fer mo deis raiffand in one raige.
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxi. 76 Be comforted good Madame, the great rage you see is cured in him. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iv. iii. 87 The reason that I gather he is mad, Besides this present instance of his rage [etc.] . View more context for this quotation
1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Palamon & Arcite i, in Fables 20 Museful Mopings, which presage The loss of Reason, and conclude in Rage.
1774 S. Johnson Patriot 21 By the howling violence of patriotic rage, the nation was for a time exasperated to such madness.
a1822 P. B. Shelley Peter Bell III vii, in Poet. Wks. (?1840) 246/1 To wakeful frenzy's vigil rages, As opiates, were the same applied.
1874 Appleton's Jrnl. 4 July 30 Saul, in the last paroxysm of royal rage and madness, slays himself.
1934 W. B. Yeats King of Great Clock Tower 22 But popular rage Hysterica passio dragged this quarry down.
2002 J. Andrews & A. Scull Customers & Patrons of Mad-trade (2003) iii. 39 Fox is shown in a mad rage, disheveled and with straw in his hair, and under restraint in a straitjacket.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [noun] > rabies
ragec1425
hydrophobia1547
rabies1649
dog madness1678
lyssa1706
rabiosity1749
canine madness1750
aerophobia1754
hydrophoby-
c1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Vesp. B.xii) (1904) 47 Houndes hauen many dyuers sekenesse, and þe grettest siknesse is þe rage.
1558 W. Ward tr. G. Ruscelli Secretes Alexis of Piemount (1568) 28 Agaynst the bytyng of a madde dogge, and the rage or madnesse that followeth the man after he is bitten.
1622 T. Scot Aquignispicium in Philomythie sig. K8 Like a mad-Dog that through the thronged streets Ranging with rage snatcheth at all he meets, And all that bitten are, as mad as he.
a1809 F. Laurence Poet. Remains (1872) 70 A purer breeze t'assuage The fiery dog's enfevering rage.
5. † b. Violent sorrow or grief; a fit of this. Obsolete.† d. Acute physical pain; an instance of this. Obsolete. rare.In quot. a1450 as a (humorous) group name for a set of teeth: see note at sense 7.† e. Extreme hunger. Obsolete. rare.
a. A violent feeling, passion, or appetite. Also: violence, intensity, or height (of a feeling, appetite, etc.).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > violent emotion > [noun]
woodnessc1000
furyc1374
ferteec1380
ragea1393
violencea1393
excess1423
zeala1425
vehemence1445
extremity1509
franticnessa1529
vehemency1534
wildnessc1540
impotency1542
violent1576
distraughture1594
distraught1610
distractiona1616
distractedness?1617
entrancement1637
distractfulnessa1640
impotencea1640
transportment1639
transportednessa1656
violent1667
whirl1707
rave1765
Sturm und Drang1857
storm and stress1879
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [noun] > specifically of personal feelings or actions
ragea1393
violencea1393
vehemence1445
vehemency1534
vehementness1561
impetuosity1639
rankness1640
impetuousness1656
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. 4318 (MED) Sardana Pallus..Was..Falle into thilke fyri rage Of love.
c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Pardoner's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) Prol. l. 39 Thogh a man be falle in Ialous rage Lat maken with this water his potage And neuere shal he moore his wyf mystriste.
c1450 (?a1422) J. Lydgate Life Our Lady (Durh.) iv. 319 Whom a serpent falsely dyd exile, Of fals malice in a soden rage.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid viii. iv. 1 Eftir that stanchit was the hungris rage.
1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 1767/1 If the rage of the payne were tolerable..he should lift vp his handes.
1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. D3 His rage of lust by gazing qualified. View more context for this quotation
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §998 The Party Hurt, hath been in great Rage of Paine, till the Weapon was Reannointed.
1691 Lady Russell Lett. II. 95 The present rage of your sorrow.
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 34. ⁋2 It is in vain to give it when the Patient is in the Rage of the Distemper.
1786 R. Burns Poems 161 Does thirst of wealth thy step constrain, Or youthful Pleasure's rage?
1832 Ld. Tennyson Miller's Daughter xxii, in Poems (new ed.) 45 You must blame love, whose early rage Made me a rhymster in my youth.
1893 S. Crane Maggie xi. 100 The rage of fear shone in all their eyes.
1917 E. Wharton Summer xv. 220 Her first rage of jealousy over, she felt no fear on this score.
1988 M. Brodsky X in Paris 122 It pleased him to see Al growing..more and more filled with a rage of incomprehension.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > [noun] > fit of violent sorrow
ragea1400
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 24351 Þat suime was o mi soruing suage, Bot quen i raxsild vp in rage, I ne wist bot wail wai.
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 128 She may nat alwey duren in swich rage [v.r. a ragage].
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. 5512 (MED) Wommen..Bene for his deth falle in swiche a rage..Þat with sobbyng, [etc.].
a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 762 As sir Palomydes was at the welle waylynge and wepynge..they sawe sir Palomydes in that rayge.
a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) xxii. sig. Cvv Than Florence stepped forth all in a rage and piteosly cried and sayd.
c1586 Epit. Sidney in Spenser's Wks. (Globe) 571/2 Silence augmenteth grief, writing encreaseth rage.
1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. G2v What rage, what sorrow boils thus in thy chest?
1695 R. Blackmore Prince Arthur ix. 246 He wrings his Hands, and in his mournful Rage, Tears off the hoary Honours of his Age.
1815 Agamemnon v. i, in C. Lloyd tr. V. Alfieri Trag. I. 293 Can I ever hope again For peace? Oh what a horrid life of tears, Of rage, and of remorse?
c. Violent desire or lust; burning sexual passion; an instance of this. Now rare (in later use merging with sense 5a).
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual desire > [noun]
willOE
loveOE
likinga1200
jollityc1330
desirec1340
fire1340
naturec1387
ragea1425
pride1486
lovered1487
Venus1513
courage1541
passion1648
lusting1760
philogenitiveness1815
body-urge1930
hots1940
hard-on1949
a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) 1657 Whanne I was with this Rage hent, That caught hath many a man and shent.
c1450 (?c1408) J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte (1901) 3289 (MED) Thou art knet by alygiavnce To hir [sc. Venus'] seruise throgh thy rage.
1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour iii. sig. N.iiiv Bot thay lyke Rammis in to thair rage.
1576 A. Golding tr. Warfare against Fleshe 19 To the intent they might..withstand the ouerlustinesse of their fleshe, represse the rage of it, brydle the lust of it,..and finally weaken and subdue ye force of it.
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. iii. 89 When he is drunke, a sleepe, or in his rage . View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 107 'Tis with this rage, the Mother Lion stung, Scours o're the Plain..Demanding Rites of Love. View more context for this quotation
1706 G. Granville Brit. Enchanters iv. ii. 32 Who with such Courage can resist Desire, With what a Rage she'll love when Raptures sire!
1841 W. Wordsworth in R. H. Horne Poems G. Chaucer, Modernized 45 Love in young folk is but rage, I wis; And love in old folk a great dotage is.
2005 New Yorker 24 Jan. 100/2 By furrowing his brow and twisting his mouth he can do a dozen variations on dopey suspiciousness, manic glee, or pawing-the-dirt sexual rage.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [noun] > anguish or torment
piningOE
anguishc1225
pinsing?c1225
tormentc1290
afflictiona1382
martyrdomc1384
tormentryc1386
labourc1390
martyryc1390
throea1393
martyre?a1400
cruelty14..
rack?a1425
hacheec1430
prong1440
agonya1450
ragea1450
pang1482
sowing1487
cruciation1496
afflict?1529
torture?c1550
pincha1566
anguishment1592
discruciament1593
excruciation1618
fellness1642
afflictedness1646
pungency1649
perialgia1848
perialgy1857
racking1896
a1450 Terms Assoc. in PMLA (1936) 51 604 (MED) A rage of tethe.
c1450 in J. Norri Names of Sicknesses in Eng. 1400–1550 (1992) 245 Lay it apone the sore as hote as he may suffre it and it will cesse the rage anone.
c1525 J. Rastell New Commodye Propertes of Women sig. Ci Mel. I ask the how long in this paynfull rage He hath leyn. Cel. He hath be in this agony this .viii. days.
1561 J. Hollybush tr. H. Brunschwig Most Excellent Homish Apothecarye f. 17v As sone as he had taken it, furthwyth had he suche a rage and grepyng wythin hym.
1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique ii. xlii. 265 Called tormentill because the powder or decoction of the roote doth appease the rage and torment of the teeth.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > [noun] > extreme hunger
famine1393
ragec1515
ravina1657
c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) cix. 375 We haue no thynge to ete nor drynke, wherfore we shal dye for famyne and rage.
1717 T. Vernon in J. Dryden et al. tr. Ovid Metamorphoses viii. 294 Still the furious Pangs of Hunger last: The cank'rous Rage still gnaws with griping Pains, Stings in his Throat, and in his Bowels reigns.
f. A vehement passion or desire for (or †of) a thing. Also with after or infinitive.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > vehement or passionate desire > [noun] > a vehement or passionate desire
concupiscencec1384
zeala1413
rage1594
concupiscency1608
1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. D4 This moues in him more rage..To make the breach. View more context for this quotation
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 836 Call it furious rage To satisfie thy lust. View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 131 Such Rage of Honey in their Bosom beats. View more context for this quotation
1750 H. Walpole Lett. (1846) II. 359 You can't conceive the ridiculous rage there is of going to Newgate.
1790 Loiterer 2 Jan. 4 This prevailing rage after knowledge.
1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson I. 180 Warburton..has a rage for saying something, when there's nothing to be said.
1802 Monthly Mag. Oct. 253/1 The rage for the dotting style of engraving..is on the decline.
1882 A. W. Ward Dickens iii. 65 The rage which possesses authors to read their writings aloud.
1900 G. M. Gould & W. L. Pyle Anomalies & Curiosities Med. 3 It is noteworthy that in old-time medical literature—sadly and unjustly neglected in our rage for the new—should so often be found parallels of our..cases.
1995 Fashions of Times Spring 59/1 The rage for the slip dress continues unabated.
g. As complement: a widespread, temporary fashion or enthusiasm; esp. in to be (also become) (all) the rage.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > fashionableness > [noun] > the or a prevailing fashion > fashionable thing or craze
new fangle1548
furor1704
fever1761
rage1780
go1784
the fashion1790
furore1790
fashionablea1800
craze1813
delirament1856
fad1881
fash1895
new thinga1911
flu1943
kick1946
the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > [noun] > temporary desire
frenzy1632
mania1689
furor1704
influenza1773
rage1780
furore1790
monomania1834
bug1887
craze1887
enthusiasm1895
1780 E. Griffith Times iii. 31 Eating is the rage, the high ton at present, and indeed is one of the most refined of our modern studies.
1797 T. Morton Cure for Heart-ache iii. i. 46 Any thing new in high life?—what is the present rage with ladies of fashion?
1811 Ld. Byron Let. 15 Dec. (1973) II. 149 Tomorrow, I dine with Rogers & am to hear Coleridge, who is a kind of rage at present.
1832 E. C. Wines Two Years & Half in Navy 7 The Navy is all the rage at Norfolk. Its officers are in great demand.
1834 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last Days of Pompeii I. i. Notes 173 Sylla is said to have transported to Italy the worship of the Egyptian Isis. It soon became ‘the rage’—and was peculiarly in vogue with the Roman ladies.
1908 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Green Gables xxix. 322 My cap is..one of those little blue velvet ones that are all the rage, with gold cord and tassels.
1951 ‘J. Wyndham’ Day of Triffids v. 82 Certain unmistakable derniers cris, some of them undoubtedly destined..to become the rage of tomorrow: others, I would say, a dead loss from their very inception.
1993 Wine May 29/2 It was all the rage for rich businessmen and industrialists to own their own bodega.
6. † a. An act of violence; a fight. Obsolete. rare.† b. Violent or impetuous activity, esp. in battle; vigour, haste; an act displaying this. Obsolete.In quot. a1525 figurative, with reference to human life.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > dissent > fighting > [noun] > a fight
bicker1297
fightc1300
tirpeilc1330
ragea1393
stradec1400
intermell1489
cockfighta1513
skirm1534
bustle1579
pell-mellc1586
brabble1587
jostle1607
scufflea1616
counterbuff1632
mêléea1648
roil1690
tussle1749
scrimmage1780
turn-up1810
scrape1812
pounding match1815
mellay1819
struggle1840
mix-up1841
scrap1846
rough-up1891
turn-to1893
push and shove1895
bagarre1897
stoush1908
dogfight1910
bundle1936
sort-out1937
yike1940
bassa-bassa1956
punch-up1958
thump-up1967
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. 3779 Til that thei sihe time, and knewe That thei [sc. the Midianites] be fled upon the rage.
?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 114 (MED) He dight him to þat rage.
a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. 16173 ‘God haue our soules!’ quaþ Osewold..Þys þey seide at ilka rage.
c1600 D. Moysie Mem. Affairs Scotl. (1830) 14 Mr. Bowis..seing maiteris pas to great vnquyetnes gif the great raidge had not beine tymusly preuented.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > [noun] > urgent
hiec1175
rape?a1300
hastec1300
ragec1400
post-haste1545
post expedition1546
burn1835
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) 978 (MED) Þe oþere slowen wiþ grete rage.
?c1500 Mary Magdalene (Digby) 1331 Masengyr, owt of þis town with a rage!
a1525 Contempl. Synnaris l. 688, in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 211 Syn for till asswage..And of this warld to cess the stormy rage.
a1586 in W. A. Craigie Maitland Folio MS (1919) I. 444 This reill þis raige þis crewiell weir Thocht it a quhyll do þe molest ȝe as ȝow may in scriptour leir all thing sall tourne þe to þe best.
1626 J. Kennedy Hist. Calanthrop & Lucilla sig. H2 Calanthrop and his forces with great rage, Ov'r-threw the Burgers, who were full of feare.
1695 L. Echard Rom. Hist. I. iii. iii. 352 Caesar was never in so great Danger as now; he threw himself several times with great Rage and Fury amongst the midst of the Enemy.
c. Excitement or violence of an action, event, operation, etc.; (formerly also) the heat or highest point of this.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [noun] > extreme > instance or stage of
rage1548
heat1588
paroxysm1650
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. ccxxxi In this tyme of insurrection, and in the rage of horley borley.
1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. B4v All for one we gage: As life for honour, in fell battailes rage . View more context for this quotation
1656 W. Sanderson Compl. Hist. Mary & James VI i. 82 And the Spire-Cross-Steeple, called Gastignes Cross erected in the rage of Civil War,..was by the Admirals request overthrown.
1693 G. Stepney in J. Dryden tr. Juvenal Satires viii. 154 A Treasure Richer far, Than what is Plunder'd in the Rage of War.
1756 E. Burke Vindic. Nat. Society 15 Great Carnage did in those Times and Countries ever attend the first Rage of Conquest.
1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 519 As time subdues The rage of fermentation.
1831 T. B. Macaulay in G. O. Trevelyan Life & Lett. Macaulay (1876) I. iv. 233 The rage of faction at the present moment exceeds any thing that has been known in our day.
1887 G. Meredith Ballads & Poems 156 The rage of the havoc wide-mouthed.
1943 T. Beecham Mingled Chime xxx. 236 The hero of a hundred public controversies succumbed..not to the rage of battle but to an attack of influenza.
1996 Mod. Asian Stud. 30 662 The Dionysian chorus evoking the sweet rage of life.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > young person > young woman > [noun] > young woman collectively
bevyc1430
ragea1450
young ladyhood1843
young-ladydom1845
a1450 Terms Assoc. in PMLA (1936) 51 603 (MED) A rage of coltes.
a1450 Terms Assoc. in PMLA (1936) 51 604 (MED) A rage of Maydnes.
1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. fviv A Rage of Maydenys; a Rafull of Knauys.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > [noun] > inspiration
rage1563
the mind > emotion > excitement > inspiration > [noun] > specific type of inspiration or exaltation > of poets and prophets
fury1546
rage1563
furor1589
oestrum1663
ecstasy1670
enthusiasm1677
oestrus1816
estro1848
society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > [noun] > poetic rage
fury1546
rage1563
furor1589
elocationa1620
oestrum1663
oestrus1816
estro1848
1563 B. Googe Eglogs Epytaphes & Sonettes sig. F.i So fyne a head, by Arte haue framed out Whom some hereafter helpt by Poets rage, Perchaunce maye matche, but none shall passe (no doubt).
?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads i. 66 His prophetic rage Given by Apollo.
1684 T. Creech tr. Theocritus Idylliums 98 And therefore Poets with exalted rage Send down their Patron's praise to future Age.
1713 A. Pope Prol. to Cato in Guardian No. 33. Assert the Stage, Be justly warm'd with your own Native Rage.
1787 ‘P. Pindar’ Lousiad: Canto II 2 in Lousiad: Canto I (ed. 4) The ragged Warblers pour their tuneful rage.
1811 W. Scott Don Roderick Introd. iii. 5 For Homer's rage A theme.
1857 C. Heavysege Saul (1869) 173 Beat out harsh rhythms with augmenting rage.
1920 M. Van Doren Poetry J. Dryden ii. 56 A certain recklessness which was mistaken for poetic rage.
9. Martial or heroic spirit; valiant ardour, fervour, or indignation. Now archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > courage > spirit > [noun]
hearteOE
spirita1382
fierceness1490
stomach?1529
spritec1540
fire1579
mettle1581
rage1590
brave-spiritednessa1617
lion-heart1667
game1747
spunk1773
pluck1785
gameness1810
ginger1836
pluckiness1846
gimp1901
ticker1930
cojones1932
1590 E. Spenser To Sir F. Walsingham in Faerie Queene sig. Qq3v The great Mecenas of this age, As wel to al that ciuil artes professe As those that are inspird with Martial rage.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) iv. vi. 13 Leaden Age, Quicken'd with Youthfull Spleene, and Warlike Rage . View more context for this quotation
1680 E. Settle Female Prelate v. 67 Oh, Rome, how is thy wonted Braveness changed... Then starting from the Corps with noble rage, Revenge and Justice through the Streets they cryed.
1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Palamon & Arcite i, in Fables 5 The Soldiers shout around with generous Rage.
1720 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad V. xvii. 305 Merion, burning with a Hero's Rage.
1809 M. Holford Wallace iii. i. 120 By good St. George we'll meet again, Where rage and valour rush to war, And bleeding heroes tinge the plain!
1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xxvii. 44 I envy not in any moods The captive void of noble rage . View more context for this quotation
1950 R. P. Warren World Enough & Time xii. 454 Why had Wilkie feigned his noble rage at her plight and shamed Jeremiah to his desperate purpose?
10. colloquial (Australian and New Zealand). A party; a good time. Cf. rage v. 9.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > [noun]
treschec1290
laetificationc1485
gossiping1557
special occasion1574
merry-meeting1597
merrymaking1618
frolic1645
merriment1663
rush1788
convivialities1830
merrymake1833
upshot1837
ball1879
spurt1885
sing-sing1899
jolly1905
rage1980
1980 N.Z. Listener 6 Dec. 56 The notice-board told me that the last rage of the year would take place that night and later in the evening the sound of the rage filled the campus.
1985 Skyline (Austral.) 15 Nov. 8 (advt.) Have a rage at our Castaway BBQ!
1986 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 26 June (Suppl.) 8/1 The Roxy churns out an endless stream of disco, dancing, and drinking, tailor-made for young working people who..are looking for ‘a rage’.
2005 Sunday Mail (Queensland) (Nexis) 20 Feb. 19 A staggering 3000-plus made it to the mid-week rage... DJs kept the sound coming until late.
Compounds
C1. † rage-infuriate adj. Obsolete rare† rage-swelling adj. Obsolete rare
ΚΠ
1806 J. N. White Poems 54 A rage-infuriate train.
ΚΠ
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. i. 14 The violent force of his rage swelling courtesie.
C2. † rage apple n. [after Middle French pomme de rage (see raging apple n. at raging adj. and adv. Compounds)] Obsolete rare an aubergine; cf. raging apple n. at raging adj. and adv. Compounds, mad-apple n. 1a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > fruits as vegetables > aubergine
mad-apple1578
rage apple1578
raging apple1578
raging love apple1578
verangene1587
brinjal1611
brown jolly1756
melinzane1775
melongena1785
melongene1793
aubergine1796
vegetable egg1797
egg-fruit1811
Jew's apple1838
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lxxxv. 438 (heading) Of Madde Apples, or Rage Apples.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
† rageadj.
Obsolete.
Mad, raging; fierce, violent; wanton.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [adjective]
retheeOE
hotOE
strongOE
woodlyc1000
un-i-rideOE
stoura1122
brathc1175
unridec1175
unrudec1225
starklyc1275
toughc1275
wood1297
ragec1330
unrekena1350
biga1375
furialc1386
outrageousc1390
savagea1393
violenta1393
bremelya1400
snarta1400
wrothlya1400
fightingc1400
runishc1400
dour?a1425
derfc1440
churlousa1450
roida1450
fervent1465
churlish1477
orgulous1483
felona1500
brathfula1522
brathlya1525
fanatic1533
furious1535
boisterous1544
blusterous1548
ungentle1551
sore1563
full-mouthed1594
savage wild1595
Herculean1602
shrill1608
robustious1612
efferous1614
thundering1618
churly1620
ferocient1655
turbulent1656
efferate1684
knock-me-down1760
haggard-wild1786
ensanguined1806
rammish1807
fulminatory1820
riproarious1830
natural1832
survigrous1835
sabre-toothed1849
cataclysmal1861
thunderous1874
fierce1912
cataractal1926
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > lasciviousness or lust > [adjective]
golelichc1000
luxuriousc1330
jollyc1384
lustyc1386
Venerienc1386
nicea1393
gayc1405
lasciviousc1425
libidinous1447
Venerian1448
coltishc1450
gigly1482
lubric1490
ranka1500
venereous1509
lubricous1535
venerious1547
boarish?1550
goatish?1552
cadye1554
lusting1559
coy1570
rage1573
rammish1577
venerial1577
lustful1579
rageous1579
proud1590
lust-breathed1594
rampant1596
venerous1597
sharp-seta1600
fulsome1600
lubrical1602
hot-backed1607
ruttish1607
stoned1607
muskish-minded1610
Venerean1612
saucya1616
veneral1623
lascive1647
venereal1652
lascivient1653
hircine1656
hot-tempered1673
ramp1678
randy1771
concupiscenta1834
aphrodisiac1862
lubricious1884
radgie1894
c1330 (?c1300) Amis & Amiloun (Auch.) (1937) 1945 Þe gode man wende he hadde ben rage.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 6986 Þai..left þe lagh of hei drightin..Qua herd euer men sua rage?
a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) 828 (MED) Sche gahchyd herself in the vysage, As a wymman that wolde be rage.
c1450 (?c1408) J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte (1901) 6988 Swifter also of passage More than any Tigre rage.
a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) 16367 The Rage Floode off worldly Tribulacion kometh.
a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 1136 Þe beestis þat haue no witt, Hou wexe þei rage, telle me it.
1573 T. Tusser Points Huswifrie (new ed.) f. 31, in Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) Coeking Dads, make sawsie lads, In youth so rage, to beg in age.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2019).
ragev.
/reɪdʒ/, U.S. /reɪdʒ/ a. intransitive. To behave wantonly, licentiously, or riotously with (a person); to romp, frolic, play. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > frolicking or romping > frolic [verb (intransitive)]
floxec1200
ragea1275
to dance antics1545
rig1570
to keep (also play) reaks1573
wanton1582
wantonize1592
frolic1593
wantonize1611
hoit1613
mird?c1625
to play about1638
freak1663
romp1665
rump1680
ramp1735
jinket1742
skylark1771
to cut up1775
rollick1786
hoity-toity1790
fun1802
lark1813
gammock1832
haze1848
marlock1863
train1877
horse1901
mollock1932
spadger1939
grab-ass1957
a1275 Body & Soul (Trin. Cambr. B.14.39) l. 29 in A. S. M. Clark Seint Maregrete & Body & Soul (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Michigan) (1972) 120 Bodi, þu ne mait nout lepen to plaien ne to rage.
c1300 St. Nicholas (Laud) 10 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 240 (MED) Ake ȝwane oþur children rageden faste, to churche he wolde go.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. 1764 Sche began to pleie and rage..And seith, ‘My lord, go we to bedde’.
a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 7896 To pley wyth wommen and to rage.
a1450 Generides (Pierpont Morgan) (1865) 7107 Ye shul haue youre will Of my maden, al youre fill; And rage with hir ye shal.
?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 51 Quhen he ane hal ȝear wes hanyt and him behuffit rage.
1609 W. Shakespeare Louers Complaint in Sonnets sig. K4 When we rage, aduice is often seene By blunting vs to make our wits more keene.
1646 H. Mill 2nd Pt. Nights Search ii. 15 When this was past, a fierce enammell'd Queane Came raging with her Whiskin, who did meane To trade in mischiefe.
b. intransitive. To indulge riotously or wantonly in (an action, practice, etc.). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > be licentious [verb (intransitive)] > act or behave
ragea1400
to play the wanton1529
to play the wanton's part1529
ramp1530
wanton1589
wantonize1592
colta1599
wantonize1611
lasciviate1628
to shake a loose (also free) leg1743
Corinthianize1810
playboy1950
society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaking or conviviality > make merry [verb (intransitive)] > noisy or riotous
revelc1390
ragea1400
roara1450
jet?1518
tirl on the berry?1520
roist1563
roist1574
revel1580
domineer1592
ranta1616
roister1663
scour1673
tory-rory1685
scheme1738
to run the rig1750
gilravagea1760
splore?a1799
spree1859
to go on the (or a) bend1863
to flare up1869
to whoop it up1873
to paint the town (red)1882
razzle1908
to make whoopee1920
boogie1929
to beat it up1933
ball1946
rave1961
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 48 (MED) A saumpul her be þaem I say, Þat rages [a1400 Gött. ragis; a1400 Trin. Cambr. rage] in þare riot ay.
1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1903) II. 35/23 This victorie..was occasioun to thame to rage in maist corruppit insolence.
1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 151 Man was sa wylde and nyce, And rageing in all vyce.
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing iv. i. 61 Those pampred animalls, That rage in sauage sensualitie. View more context for this quotation
a1644 F. Quarles Solomons Recantation (1645) iii. 28 One while we plunge in teares; and by and by, We rage in laughter.
2. Of people or animals.† b. intransitive. To go or be mad; to act insanely. Obsolete.† d. intransitive. Of a poet: to be seized by inspiration, to be in the grip of a creative frenzy. Obsolete. rare.
a. intransitive. To show signs of insanity; to rave in madness or fury; to speak or act furiously. Also: to have frenzied or angry feelings; to be full of anger.In Scottish use also: to scold.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > violent emotion > be affected with violent emotion [verb (intransitive)]
ragea1400
to blow one's top1928
to go haywire1929
to pop (also blow) one's cork1938
to flip one's lid (also wig)1950
wig1955
to go ballistic1981
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > weakness of intellect > madness, extreme folly > act madly [verb (intransitive)]
ragea1400
the mind > emotion > anger > manifestation of anger > show anger [verb (intransitive)] > speak angrily
spitc1386
ragea1400
blowc1475
blustera1494
storm?1553
pelt1594
tear1602
fare1603
to speak or look daggers1603
to blow hot coalsc1626
rant1647
scream1775
to pop off1914
to carry on1947
the mind > emotion > anger > furious anger > to rage (of fury) [verb (intransitive)] > be or become furious
wedec1000
resea1250
ragea1400
rampc1405
rase1440
outragea1475
stampc1480
enragec1515
ournc1540
gry1594
fury1628
rampage1692
to stamp one's foot1821
to fire off1848
foam1852
fire1859
to stomp one's feetc1927
to spit chips1947
to spit cotton1947
to spit blood1963
to go ballistic1981
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 7621 (MED) Saul..Als he was won, bi-gan to rage.
a1450–1509 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (A-version) (1913) 2118 (MED) The emperoure began to rage.
1528 W. Tyndale Obed. Christen Man f. xlvijv Then fume we and rage and sett vp the bristels and bend oure selves to take vengeaunce.
1584 King James VI & I Ess. Prentise Poesie sig. Hiiij Which made her both to rage and to dispair..that she laked help in any sort.
1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes i. §71. 119 Some..that are affected therewith, rage and rave.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 444 Whereat hee inlie rag'd, and as they talk'd, Smote him. View more context for this quotation
1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 217. ⁋11 If..the Beauteous could but rage a little before a Glass, and see their pretty Countenances grow wild.
1735 G. Berkeley Def. Free-thinking in Math. §8 To see you rail and rage at the rate you do.
1816 P. B. Shelley Dæmon of World in Alastor 101 They did rage horribly, Breathing..fierce blasphemies.
1868 Ld. Tennyson Lucretius 272 She heard him raging, heard him fall.
1889 R. L. Stevenson Master of Ballantrae i. 12 If she raged, he would fall to reading again.
1957 J. Osborne Look Back in Anger ii. i. 59 I rage, and shout my head off, and everyone thinks ‘poor chap!’ or ‘what an objectionable young man!’
1988 H. S. Strean Behind Couch iii. 75 A part of me was raging because I was not getting my way.
2006 Arena Oct. 186/1 Rangers..have had impotent Hearts fans raging, aided by years of perceived..Glasgwegian bias.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > be or become mad [verb (intransitive)]
dwelec900
wedec900
awedeeOE
starea1275
braidc1275
ravea1325
to be out of mindc1325
woodc1374
to lose one's mindc1380
madc1384
forgetc1385
to go out of one's minda1398
to wede (out) of, but wita1400
foolc1400
to go (also fall, run) mada1450
forcene1490
ragec1515
waltc1540
maddle?c1550
to go (also run, set) a-madding (or on madding)1565
pass of wita1616
to have a gad-bee in one's brain1682
madden1704
to go (also be) off at the nail1721
distract1768
craze1818
to get a rat1890
to need (to have) one's head examined (also checked, read)1896
(to have) bats in the belfryc1901
to have straws in one's hair1923
to take the bats1927
to go haywire1929
to go mental1930
to go troppo1941
to come apart1954
c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) cxvii. 423 Shortely delyuer vs, for we rage for famyne.
a1525 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Adv. 19.2.4) iv. l. 2083 [Women] rageand [in wodnes].
1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 203 Thay ar with dolour pynde, And lyke to raige out of thair mynde.
c. intransitive. With against, at, upon, †with.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > furious anger > to rage (of fury) [verb (intransitive)] > express fury towards something
rage1519
1519 W. Horman Vulgaria vi. f. 61 He suffereth men all to rayle and rage vpon hym.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Kings xix. 27 I know..that thou ragest agaynst me.
1591 E. Spenser Prosopopoia in Complaints 1088 The Tygre, and the Bore,..with the simple Camell raged sore In bitter words.
a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 9 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) The lawes themselues they doe specially rage at.
1642 D. Rogers Naaman 8 A patient raging at his Physitian.
1683 Dutch Rogue 211 He..raged and stormed at the Women who had play'd him that dirty trick.
1715 J. Lacy Vision J. Lacy 13 The Beast with a Thousand Heads, and Two Thousand Hands, waxed angry, and raged against the Assembly.
1725 C. Cibber Cæsar in Ægypt v. 72 Himself perplex'd, and raging at his Fate.
1761 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy III. iv. 16 If any one of you should gnash his teeth, and storm and rage at me [etc.].
1855 Ld. Tennyson Lett. 26 I raged against the public liar.
1866 J. W. Carlyle Lett. III. 325 Hayward was raging against the Jamaica business.
1909 Arbroath Guide 9 Jan. 3 I've raged at him about it.
1958 J. Carew Black Midas ii. 25 He stood outside the Village Hall and raged at the empty sky.
1990 J. Berman Narcissism & Novel iii. 88 He would rather rage against his wife's death than commit himself to his son's robust life.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > excitement > inspiration > inspire or be inspired [verb (intransitive)] > be under poetic inspiration
rage1619
enrapture1743
society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > compose poetry [verb (intransitive)] > be filled with poetic inspiration
rage1619
enrapture1743
1619 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Maides Trag. i. sig. C1v Poets when they rage Turnes gods to men, and make an houre an age.
a1658 R. Lovelace Lucasta (1659) 81 Could there nought else this civil war compleat, But Poets raging with Poetick heat.
3. In extended use, of things.† d. intransitive. Of a tooth or sore: to ache or throb severely. Cf. raging adj. 3. Obsolete.
a. intransitive. Of a natural force or agent, as the wind, sea, a storm, etc.: to be violent, forceful, or vigorous; to move or rush about furiously.In quot. a1475 of liquid: to boil.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > be violent [verb (intransitive)]
wedec900
wrakec1330
ragea1475
tempest1477
rave1559
ruffle1579
violent1609
chafea1616
the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > state of sea > have or be in specific kind of motion [verb (intransitive)] > be rough
ragea1475
worka1535
ruffiana1616
a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 5 (MED) Þenne wylle þe pot begyn to rage And welle on alle.
a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) i. l. 963 Þar riweris ragis noucht for rayn.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms xlvi. 3 The waters of the see raged.
1587 T. Churchyard Worthines of Wales sig. L3 There is a poole in Meryonethshiere of three myle long rageth so by storme that it makes this Riuer flowe.
1611 Bible (King James) Jer. xlvi. 9 Come vp ye horses, and rage yee charets. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) ii. vii. 26 The Current that with gentle murmure glides..being stop'd, impatiently doth rage . View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 211 The madding Wheeles Of brazen Chariots rag'd . View more context for this quotation
1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 7 Sudden Tempests rage within the Port.
1814 W. Wordsworth Excursion iv. 536 Rage on, ye elements! let moon and stars Their aspects lend. View more context for this quotation
1819 P. B. Shelley Cenci iv. i. 61 I see a torrent of his own blood raging between us.
1832 Ld. Tennyson Sisters 21 The wind is raging in turret and tree.
1871 L. Stephen Playground of Europe ii. 97 The gale..evidently raged above our heads.
1900 J. Conrad Lord Jim xiii. 153 A southerly buster was raging, and we could see the passers-by..buffeted by the wind on the side-walks.
2004 R. Kurson Shadow Divers ii. 40 Seas raged and fog charcoaled the horizon.
b. intransitive. Of a passion, feeling, appetite, etc.: to have or reach a high degree of intensity.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > passion > be or become affected with passion [verb (intransitive)] > rage (of the passions)
ragea1522
bluster1549
a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) iv. x. 18 Strang luf begynnys to rage and rys agane.
1583 P. Stubbes Anat. Abuses sig. Eiiiv Els it [sc. pride] could neuer so rage as it dooth.
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear ii. 156 His displeasure, which at this instant so rageth in him, that..it would scarce allay. View more context for this quotation
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 963 Thy anger, unappeasable, still rages . View more context for this quotation
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones I. i. iv. 97 When the Passion of Anger had raged very high, the Remission was usually longer. View more context for this quotation
1798 S. Fortnum Waldorf I. xxii. 137 Mad anger raged in their bosoms, and they laid their hands on their swords.
1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 43 Wild were the heart whose passion's sway Could rage beneath the sober ray.
1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna iii. xxi. 67 Thirst raged within me.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vi. 64 The passion for play raged in him without measure.
1935 T. Wolfe Of Time & River ii. 28 The little tenement of bone, blood, marrow, brain, and feeling in which great fury raged, was twisted, wrung, depleted, worn out, and exhausted.
2002 Birmingham (Alabama) News (Nexis) 24 Feb. His appetite raged out of control..when he left home and went to work as a manager for a pizza chain.
c. intransitive. Of a disease or pain: to be violent; to be at its height. Cf. raging adj. 2.In quot. 1604 in figurative context.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > characteristics > characterize a disease [verb (intransitive)] > be violent
rage1562
the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > suffer or cause type of pain [verb (intransitive)] > be severe
rage1562
1562 W. Bullein Bk. Simples f. lxj, in Bulwarke of Defence Whan the intolerable paines of the teeth doeth rage on still, a pece of a Gaule aplied to the place, will sone aswage ye same.
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. iii. 68 Like the Hectique in my blood he rages . View more context for this quotation
1619 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Maides Trag. ii. sig. D2 Some feuer rages in thy blood.
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 619 My griefs not only pain me As a lingring disease, But..ferment and rage . View more context for this quotation
1735 J. Cheshire Treat. Rheumatism (new ed.) 65 If the Pain rages more in one particular Part than another, let the Cupping-glasses, with the Air-pump, be set on.
1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. 217 All his former complaints rage with more than double fury.
1816 D. P. Campbell Poems (new ed.) 86 Will the cold dews..E'er quench the fever raging in thy breast?
1872 Ladies' Repository July 71/1 Who can imagine the satisfaction and the transport of the leper when he..felt the soothing sensations of ease, where sores rankled and pain raged?
1900 Fort Wayne (Indiana) News 21 Sept. 2/5 Give 10 drops every 10 minutes while the fever rages, and once an hour when the fever is off.
1998 M. Hulse tr. W. G. Sebald Rings of Saturn i. 24 As a doctor, who saw disease growing and raging in bodies, he understood mortality.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > pain in specific parts > suffer pain in specific parts [verb (intransitive)] > in teeth
rage1710
twitch1827
1567 G. Turberville Epitaphes, Epigrams 616 That..doth cause my ranckling sore to rage.
1710 J. Swift in J. Swift & R. Steele Tatler No. 238 Old Aches throb, your hollow Tooth will rage.
1734 R. Challoner Think well On't xiii. 72 Set before your Eyes a poor sick Man lying on his bed,..his Teeth raging, his Sides pierc'd with dreadful Stitches.
1785 Times 12 Sept. 3/1 My tooth raged with pain.
e. intransitive. Of a violent phenomenon, event, or disturbance (as a battle, dispute, etc.): to continue or prevail unchecked, furiously, or with fatal effect; to be at its height. to rage out: to break out violently.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > be violent [verb (intransitive)] > proceed in violent or tumultuous state
rage1667
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > be violent [verb (intransitive)] > burst violently from rest or restraint
abreakOE
outburstOE
outbreaka1450
reboil1477
to break forth1535
burst1542
to break out1574
go1583
fulminate1630
break1693
lasha1716
to rage out1720
rip1856
outflame1890
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 277 On the perilous edge Of battel when it rag'd . View more context for this quotation
1720 J. Ozell et al. tr. R. A. de Vertot Hist. Revol. Rom. Republic I. iii. 159 Discord raged out again with more Fury than ever.
1785 W. Cowper Task iv. 309 The frost, Raging abroad, and the rough wind.
1842 Colonial Observer (Sydney) 23 Feb. 162/4 Bush fires..have been raging on all sides much to the detriment and danger of stockholders and agriculturists.
1897 N. Amer. Rev. Aug. 199 Controversy rages over placing it in two of the largest cruisers.
1915 E. Pound Let. 28 June in V. Eliot Lett. T. S. Eliot I. (1988) 103 The battle of ink is still raging.
1987 Punch 26 Aug. 53/1 Ever since the days when the officers of John Company sat down to their peacock dinners, the debate has raged as to the profitability of India to the British.
2005 J. Diamond Collapse (2006) xiv. 437 An argument then raged over whether to breed the last sparrows in captivity.
4. intransitive. To be violently bent upon; to be furiously eager to do something; to be impatient for. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > vehement or passionate desire > desire vehemently or passionately [verb (transitive)]
rage1509
passionate1652
1509 S. Hawes Pastyme of Pleasure (de Worde) xlii. sig. R.viiiv In sacyatly vpon couetyse to rage.
1619 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Maides Trag. i. sig. B3 My Lord the maskers rage for you.
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1275 Violent men..raging to pursue The righteous. View more context for this quotation
1814 J. D'Alton Dermid 187 How Maoldun, in prison pent, Raged to revenge his punishment.
1997 T. Hughes Tales from Ovid 108 She..raged for a weapon—for her arrows To drive through his body.
5.
a. intransitive. To be widely prevalent; to spread widely in a violent or virulent form.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > spreading or diffusion > [verb (intransitive)] > be widespread or rife
walka1350
ragea1522
enrage1560
propagate1640
a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) v. viii. 82 The prynce Eneas..Na langar suffer wald..fers Entellus mude thus rage and sprede.
1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 57 Manifest rebellioun raigeing at this præsent aganis Godis plane word.
1652 P. Heylyn Cosmographie i. sig. F2 A Famine, which shrewdly raged among the Commons.
1688 P. Pett Happy Future State of Eng. 168 That very great Controversie in Religion, which divided Holland.., and hath many years raged among the Turks,..seems lately to be retired to its Eternal Rest.
1737 A. Pope Epist. of Horace ii. i. 15 Triumphant Malice rag'd thro' private life.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VII. 160 These dangers..in other parts of the world..still rage with all their ancient malignity.
1843 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Aug. 245/1 That powerful..writer..depicts the same regiphobia as raging among the Parisian Charlatanerie.
1938 J. Hilton To you, Mr. Chips i. 40 The craze for clipping fifths of seconds raged elsewhere.
2000 N.Y. Observer (Nexis) 2 Oct. The 80's revival that raged through spring-summer 2001 Fashion Week provided much hilarity.
b. intransitive. spec. Of an epidemic or infectious disease.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > become diseased [verb (intransitive)] > be prevalent
rage1584
grassate1652
1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health ccxliii. 283 The same kinde of agewe raged in a manner ouer all Englande.
1635 W. Jones Comm. Epist. St. Paul x. 387 The plague and pestilence that hath raged among us..may put us in minde of sin, for if we had not sinned, wee should not have dyed.
1667 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 124 The small pox rageth much about the kingdom.
1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. iii. xvi. 201 Where an Epidemical Distemper rages.
1782 H. Mackenzie Let. 7 June in E. C. Mossner & I. S. Ross Corr. A. Smith (1977) ccxv. 258 I hope..you have escaped the Influenza, which has raged in London and now begins to rage here.
1816 J. Wilson City of Plague iii. i. 168 The Plague That rages round us.
1893 T. F. Tout Edward I iii. 49 Sickness..raged throughout the camp.
1923 E. E. Levinger Jewish Holidays 24 A dreadful plague that raged during the Sephira days suddenly ceased on Lag Baomer.
1984 A. Brink Wall of Plague I. 258 Where this gay Sunday market was under way, the Plague had raged at its fiercest.
6. † b. intransitive. To exercise rage on or upon. Obsolete.
a. intransitive. Of a person, animal, etc.: to move or go furiously about, over, off, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > behave violently or use force [verb (intransitive)] > behave with fierce or furious violence
rage1533
rampage1692
1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. 147/17 Ȝit the Ethruschis war sufferit to rage with sic opyn renȝeis erare be wisdome than [etc.].
1580 J. Stow Chrons. of Eng. 97 Danes, entring the Prouince of the Northumbers, raged ouer all the same, and made great spoiles.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) ii. iii. 26 Why stand we..heere, Wayling our losses, whiles the Foe doth Rage . View more context for this quotation
1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 68 Those Northern Nations raged over all these parts of the World.
1799 S. T. Coleridge Poems 327 The Idolaters raged, the kingdoms were moving in fury.
1884 J. A. Symonds Shakspere's Predecessors iii. 110 The Devil leapt from the cart to rage about among the people.
1893 G. Gissing Odd Women II. vi. 174 The wind..at moments all but stopped him; he set his teeth like a madman, and raged on.
1933 J. Hilton Lost Horizon (1949) viii. 192 He foresaw a time when men, exultant in the technique of homicide, would rage so hotly over the world that every precious thing would be in danger.
1978 W. M. Spackman Armful of Warm Girl 14 And what if afterward she had had a final fiery tantrum at him and raged off never to return?
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > savagery > [verb (intransitive)]
rage?c1550
savage1563
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > treat violently [verb (transitive)] > treat with fierce or furious violence
rage?c1550
?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Eng. Hist. (1846) I. iv. 143 Yet these rude raskalls..raged on the dead carkas.
1585 G. Wither A.B.C. for Laye-men 85 As the lion and lions whelps fiercely rageth on his pray so shall God on the enimies of his Church.
1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 867 With the same [cruelty] he also raged vpon the meaner sort of the citisens.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > furious anger > infuriate [verb (transitive)]
anangeredc1380
enfelon1477
ournc1540
fierce1565
enrage1589
effierce1590
eneager1594
rage1597
ferocitate1666
infuriate1667
madden1720
frenzy1810
furify1872
burn1935
send (someone) up the wall1951
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II ii. i. 70 Young hot colts being ragde, do rage the more. View more context for this quotation
8. transitive (reflexive). To bring or put oneself into some (calmer) state by raging.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > furious anger > bring into state by raging [verb (reflexive)]
rage1678
1678 N. Tate Brutus of Alba v. 53 Groveling at your Feet his Griefs and he Will rage themselves into eternal sleep.
1680 N. Tate Loyal General i. 8 Let him Brawl, He'll quickly Rage himself asleep agen.
1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus ii. ix, in Fraser's Mag. Apr. 448/2 The hot Harmattan-wind had raged itself out.
1845 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 180 The strong passions..Soon rage themselves to rest.
1937 Fitchburg (Mass.) Sentinel 7 May 4/4 I roared and twisted and raged myself quiet.
2002 LA Weekly (Nexis) 16 Aug. 28 Everything getting a bit boring again after the first four years of punk had raged itself out.
9. intransitive. colloquial (Australian and New Zealand). To enjoy oneself unrestrainedly, usually at a party, nightclub, etc. (typically implying the consumption of alcohol or recreational drugs); to ‘party’. Cf. rager n. 3a.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaking or conviviality > make merry [verb (intransitive)]
to make feast?c1225
to make merryc1330
merrymakec1395
to have a good (bad, etc.) time (of it, formerly on it)1509
to make pleasant1530
gaud1532
to play the goodfellow1563
company1591
junket1607
rage1979
1979 Sunday Sun (Brisbane) 18 Nov. 67/3 Rage, have a good time, go out on the town.
1982 Sydney Morning Herald 18 Sept. 1/2 Teenagers still rage at weekends, check out spunks of both sexes and try to avoid hassles with the olds.
1984 Press (Christchurch) 7 Dec. 4 He refused to ‘point the finger’ at where Mr Maddox got the dope. ‘This has spoilt a good day. I have been raging all day.’
1991 Dominion (Wellington) 8 Apr. 1 Students continued to rage at several parties in the city yesterday.
2006 Austral. Mag. (Nexis) 22 Apr. 16 I've never been one for going out to every party and exhibition, and raging until two or three in the morning.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.c1325
adj.c1330v.a1275