rachi-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Forms: 1800s– rachi-, 1800s– rhachi-.

Origin: Either (i) formed within by English, by conversion. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: rachis n.; Latin rachis.

Etymology: < rachis n. or its etymon post-classical Latin rachis. Compare rachio- comb. form.Found in a small number of formations exemplified below.

Of or relating to a rachis; (Medicine) of or relating to the spine (cf. rachio- comb. form).

† rachiagra n. Medicine Obsolete rare = rachisagra n.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1848 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 7) 738/1 Rhachiagra, rachisagra.

1859 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) 1065/2 Rachiagra.

rachiglossate adj.

Brit.

/ˌreɪkᵻˈɡlɒsət/

/ˌreɪkᵻˈɡlɒseɪt/

U.S.

/ˌreɪkəˈɡlɔsət/

/ˌreɪkəˈɡlɑsət/

/ˌreɪkəˈɡlɔˌseɪt/

/ˌreɪkəˈɡlɑˌseɪt/

[after scientific Latin Rachiglossa, superfamily or suborder name ( J. E. Gray (1853) in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 11 127) < rachi- rachi- comb. form + ancient Greek γλῶσσα tongue (see gloss n.¹)] Zoology designating a radula bearing a median series of single teeth, often flanked by one row of lateral teeth on each side; having such a radula, typical of most neogastropods.

ΚΠ

1883 E. R. Lankester in Encycl. Brit. XVI. 640/1 (caption) A single row of teeth from the radula of Nassa annulata. Rachiglossate; formula, 1.1.1.

1931 Jrnl. Paleontol. 5 218 (caption) Two species of the rachiglossate genus Nassa.

1994 Jrnl. Compar. Physiol. B. 164 229 The Buccinum radula is of the rachiglossate type with two outer rows of fierce hook-like attack teeth and a medial row of straight sharp-pointed shredding teeth.

rachiodont adj.

Brit.

/ˈreɪkɪə(ʊ)dɒnt/

U.S.

/ˈreɪkiəˌdɑnt/

[probably after scientific Latin Rachiodontidae, family name (attributed to Günther, 1858) < Rachiodon , former genus name (A. J. L. Jourdan 1833, in Le Temps 13 June); compare -odont comb. form] Zoology rare designating an egg-eating snake of the genus Dasypeltis (formerly Rachiodon), in which projections of the cervical vertebrae protrude into the gullet and are used for breaking eggshells.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1887 Cassell's Encycl. Dict. VI. Rachiodont, belonging to or characteristic of the family Rachiodontidae; possessing gular teeth.

1920 I. F. Henderson & W. D. Henderson Dict. Sci. Terms 268/2 Rachiodont,..[applied to] egg-eating Snakes with much developed hypophyses of the anterior thoracic vertebrae, which function as teeth.

† rachiparalysis n. Medicine Obsolete rare paraplegia; cf. rachioparalysis n. at rachio- comb. form .Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1839 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 2) 448/1 Paraplegia, rhachiparalysis, Rachioparalysis.

rachischisis n.

Brit.

/reɪˈkɪskᵻsɪs/

U.S.

/reɪˈkɪskəsəs/

/rəˈkɪskəsəs/

[ < rachi- comb. form + ancient Greek σχίσις cleavage ( < σχίζειν to split (see schism n.) + -σις -sis suffix)] Medicine defective closure of one or more vertebrae, usually involving the posterior part of the arch and often accompanied by myelocele; spina bifida.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [noun] > spina bifida

spina bifida1722

rachischisis1874

myelocele1875

myelomeningocele1889

syringomyelocele1890

1874 Lancet 14 Feb. 233/2 The consequence is a permanent fissure of the whole cerebro-spinal canal with more or less destruction of the brain and spinal marrow (cranioschisis, rachischisis).

1963 K. M. Laurence in A. P. Norman Congenital Abnormalities in Infancy ii. 26 Myelomeningocoeles, myelocytocoeles, hydromyelocoeles, and syringomyelocoeles, localized rachischisis and myelocoeles are all essentially the same lesion, and best regarded as myelocoeles.

1998 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Genetics 77 306 We report on a fetus with anencephaly, total dorsal rachischisis, and diaphragmatic hernia.

rachitome n.

Brit.

/ˈreɪkᵻtəʊm/

U.S.

/ˈreɪkᵻˌtoʊm/

/ˈrækᵻˌtoʊm/

[in sense (a) after French rachitome (1830 or earlier: see quot. 1830)] (a) Surgery any of several instruments used to open the vertebral canal (now historical); (b) Palaeontology (usually in form rhachitome) a labyrinthodont (fossil amphibian) of the suborder Rhachitomi (cf. rachitomous adj.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > amphibians > [noun] > extinct types of > labyrinthodont or rachitome

labyrinthodon1841

labyrinthodont1841

Cheirotherium1855

rachitome1857

rachiotome1859

toad-lizard1899

1830 London Med. Gaz. 5 837/2 M. Yarral, a French surgeon, has lately invented a kind of double saw, for the express purpose of removing the posterior part of the vertebral column... It is called rachitome double, and is to be had of M. Charriere, surgical instrument maker, Paris.

1854 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 11) 752/1 Rachitomus, an instrument for opening the vertical [sic] column.]

1857 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (rev. ed.) 785/1 Rachitome,..an anatomical instrument for opening the medullæ spinalis.

1877 R. J. Dunglison Practitioner's Ready Ref. Bk. 312 An ordinary dissecting case plus a saw, rachitome, hammer, needles and thread.

1947 Bull. Mus. Compar. Zoöl. Harvard 99 103 In the skull roof [of Edops], a primitive character is the presence of a distinct intertemporal element, lost in characteristic rhachitomes.

1948 Jrnl. Paleontol. 22 360/2 It is possible that Latiscopus might be a rachitome but since none have previously been found in the Dockum it is more likely that it is a stereospondyl.

1986 A. S. Romer & T. S. Parsons Vertebr. Body (ed. 6) iii. 65 (caption) The surviving group..may have a common origin, in the late Paleozoic, from primitive rhachitomes, but this is still open to debate.

1997 J. M. Edmonson Amer. Surg. Instruments 24 (caption) A rachitome, or double saw, used in postmortem examination of vertebrae, circa 1835.

rachitomous adj.

Brit.

/reɪˈkɪtəməs/

U.S.

/reɪˈkɪdəməs/

/rəˈkɪdəməs/

(usually in form rhachitomous) [after scientific Latin Rhachitomus, former genus name of a fossil amphibian (E. D. Cope 1878, in Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 17 526) later identified with the genus Eryops; compare also scientific Latin Rhachitomi, suborder name (Cope 1882, in form Rachitomi)] Palaeontology designating vertebrae consisting of articulated rather than fused pieces; having such vertebrae, temnospondylous; spec. of or relating to the suborder Rhachitomi of labyrinthodont amphibians, known from fossils of the Carboniferous, Permian, and Triassic periods.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > constituent materials > [adjective] > vertebrate > having segmented vertebrae

rachitomous1882

1882 E. D. Cope in Amer. Naturalist 16 334 (heading) The rhachitomous Stegocephali.

1884 E. D. Cope in Amer. Naturalist 18 30 Rachitomous vertebræ from the same locality are of larger size and resemble those of Eryops.

1937 Jrnl. Paleontol. 11 617/2 This new species of the rachitomous amphibians is represented by a skull and the left ramus of the lower jaw.

1996 Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. Earth Sci. 87 363 The rhachitomous vertebral column has a primitive, barely differentiated atlas-axis complex.

rachitomy n.

Brit.

/reɪˈkɪtəmi/

U.S.

/reɪˈkɪdəmi/

/rəˈkɪdəmi/

Surgery rare section of or incision into the vertebral column; cf. rachiotomy n. at rachio- comb. form .

ΚΠ

1892 C. M. Beebe tr. A. Auvard Syst. Obstetr. xxxiii. 432 Rachitomy.—If section of the spinal column is necessary it is accomplished by the scissors guided by a hand introduced into the genital organs.

1993 Neurochirurgia 36 161 A limited lateral rachitomy (vertebral body resection), which permits the opening of the spinal canal exclusively ventral to the intervertebral foramen.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rachi-
释义	rachi-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Forms: 1800s– rachi-, 1800s– rhachi-. Origin: Either (i) formed within by English, by conversion. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: rachis n.; Latin rachis. Etymology: < rachis n. or its etymon post-classical Latin rachis. Compare rachio- comb. form.Found in a small number of formations exemplified below. Of or relating to a rachis; (Medicine) of or relating to the spine (cf. rachio- comb. form). † rachiagra n. Medicine Obsolete rare = rachisagra n.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1848 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 7) 738/1 Rhachiagra, rachisagra. 1859 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) 1065/2 Rachiagra. rachiglossate adj. Brit. /ˌreɪkᵻˈɡlɒsət/ , /ˌreɪkᵻˈɡlɒseɪt/ , U.S. /ˌreɪkəˈɡlɔsət/ , /ˌreɪkəˈɡlɑsət/ , /ˌreɪkəˈɡlɔˌseɪt/ , /ˌreɪkəˈɡlɑˌseɪt/ [after scientific Latin Rachiglossa, superfamily or suborder name ( J. E. Gray (1853) in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 11 127) < rachi- rachi- comb. form + ancient Greek γλῶσσα tongue (see gloss n.¹)] Zoology designating a radula bearing a median series of single teeth, often flanked by one row of lateral teeth on each side; having such a radula, typical of most neogastropods. ΚΠ 1883 E. R. Lankester in Encycl. Brit. XVI. 640/1 (caption) A single row of teeth from the radula of Nassa annulata. Rachiglossate; formula, 1.1.1. 1931 Jrnl. Paleontol. 5 218 (caption) Two species of the rachiglossate genus Nassa. 1994 Jrnl. Compar. Physiol. B. 164 229 The Buccinum radula is of the rachiglossate type with two outer rows of fierce hook-like attack teeth and a medial row of straight sharp-pointed shredding teeth. rachiodont adj. Brit. /ˈreɪkɪə(ʊ)dɒnt/ , U.S. /ˈreɪkiəˌdɑnt/ [probably after scientific Latin Rachiodontidae, family name (attributed to Günther, 1858) < Rachiodon , former genus name (A. J. L. Jourdan 1833, in Le Temps 13 June); compare -odont comb. form] Zoology rare designating an egg-eating snake of the genus Dasypeltis (formerly Rachiodon), in which projections of the cervical vertebrae protrude into the gullet and are used for breaking eggshells.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1887 Cassell's Encycl. Dict. VI. Rachiodont, belonging to or characteristic of the family Rachiodontidae; possessing gular teeth. 1920 I. F. Henderson & W. D. Henderson Dict. Sci. Terms 268/2 Rachiodont,..[applied to] egg-eating Snakes with much developed hypophyses of the anterior thoracic vertebrae, which function as teeth. † rachiparalysis n. Medicine Obsolete rare paraplegia; cf. rachioparalysis n. at rachio- comb. form .Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1839 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 2) 448/1 Paraplegia, rhachiparalysis, Rachioparalysis. rachischisis n. Brit. /reɪˈkɪskᵻsɪs/ , U.S. /reɪˈkɪskəsəs/ , /rəˈkɪskəsəs/ [ < rachi- comb. form + ancient Greek σχίσις cleavage ( < σχίζειν to split (see schism n.) + -σις -sis suffix)] Medicine defective closure of one or more vertebrae, usually involving the posterior part of the arch and often accompanied by myelocele; spina bifida. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [noun] > spina bifida spina bifida1722 rachischisis1874 myelocele1875 myelomeningocele1889 syringomyelocele1890 1874 Lancet 14 Feb. 233/2 The consequence is a permanent fissure of the whole cerebro-spinal canal with more or less destruction of the brain and spinal marrow (cranioschisis, rachischisis). 1963 K. M. Laurence in A. P. Norman Congenital Abnormalities in Infancy ii. 26 Myelomeningocoeles, myelocytocoeles, hydromyelocoeles, and syringomyelocoeles, localized rachischisis and myelocoeles are all essentially the same lesion, and best regarded as myelocoeles. 1998 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Genetics 77 306 We report on a fetus with anencephaly, total dorsal rachischisis, and diaphragmatic hernia. rachitome n. Brit. /ˈreɪkᵻtəʊm/ , U.S. /ˈreɪkᵻˌtoʊm/ , /ˈrækᵻˌtoʊm/ [in sense (a) after French rachitome (1830 or earlier: see quot. 1830)] (a) Surgery any of several instruments used to open the vertebral canal (now historical); (b) Palaeontology (usually in form rhachitome) a labyrinthodont (fossil amphibian) of the suborder Rhachitomi (cf. rachitomous adj.). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > amphibians > [noun] > extinct types of > labyrinthodont or rachitome labyrinthodon1841 labyrinthodont1841 Cheirotherium1855 rachitome1857 rachiotome1859 toad-lizard1899 1830 London Med. Gaz. 5 837/2 M. Yarral, a French surgeon, has lately invented a kind of double saw, for the express purpose of removing the posterior part of the vertebral column... It is called rachitome double, and is to be had of M. Charriere, surgical instrument maker, Paris. 1854 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 11) 752/1 Rachitomus, an instrument for opening the vertical [sic] column.] 1857 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (rev. ed.) 785/1 Rachitome,..an anatomical instrument for opening the medullæ spinalis. 1877 R. J. Dunglison Practitioner's Ready Ref. Bk. 312 An ordinary dissecting case plus a saw, rachitome, hammer, needles and thread. 1947 Bull. Mus. Compar. Zoöl. Harvard 99 103 In the skull roof [of Edops], a primitive character is the presence of a distinct intertemporal element, lost in characteristic rhachitomes. 1948 Jrnl. Paleontol. 22 360/2 It is possible that Latiscopus might be a rachitome but since none have previously been found in the Dockum it is more likely that it is a stereospondyl. 1986 A. S. Romer & T. S. Parsons Vertebr. Body (ed. 6) iii. 65 (caption) The surviving group..may have a common origin, in the late Paleozoic, from primitive rhachitomes, but this is still open to debate. 1997 J. M. Edmonson Amer. Surg. Instruments 24 (caption) A rachitome, or double saw, used in postmortem examination of vertebrae, circa 1835. rachitomous adj. Brit. /reɪˈkɪtəməs/ , U.S. /reɪˈkɪdəməs/ , /rəˈkɪdəməs/ (usually in form rhachitomous) [after scientific Latin Rhachitomus, former genus name of a fossil amphibian (E. D. Cope 1878, in Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 17 526) later identified with the genus Eryops; compare also scientific Latin Rhachitomi, suborder name (Cope 1882, in form Rachitomi)] Palaeontology designating vertebrae consisting of articulated rather than fused pieces; having such vertebrae, temnospondylous; spec. of or relating to the suborder Rhachitomi of labyrinthodont amphibians, known from fossils of the Carboniferous, Permian, and Triassic periods. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > constituent materials > [adjective] > vertebrate > having segmented vertebrae rachitomous1882 1882 E. D. Cope in Amer. Naturalist 16 334 (heading) The rhachitomous Stegocephali. 1884 E. D. Cope in Amer. Naturalist 18 30 Rachitomous vertebræ from the same locality are of larger size and resemble those of Eryops. 1937 Jrnl. Paleontol. 11 617/2 This new species of the rachitomous amphibians is represented by a skull and the left ramus of the lower jaw. 1996 Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. Earth Sci. 87 363 The rhachitomous vertebral column has a primitive, barely differentiated atlas-axis complex. rachitomy n. Brit. /reɪˈkɪtəmi/ , U.S. /reɪˈkɪdəmi/ , /rəˈkɪdəmi/ Surgery rare section of or incision into the vertebral column; cf. rachiotomy n. at rachio- comb. form . ΚΠ 1892 C. M. Beebe tr. A. Auvard Syst. Obstetr. xxxiii. 432 Rachitomy.—If section of the spinal column is necessary it is accomplished by the scissors guided by a hand introduced into the genital organs. 1993 Neurochirurgia 36 161 A limited lateral rachitomy (vertebral body resection), which permits the opening of the spinal canal exclusively ventral to the intervertebral foramen. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < comb. form1839
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