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单词 raceway
释义

racewayn.

Brit. /ˈreɪsweɪ/, U.S. /ˈreɪsˌweɪ/
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: race n.1, way n.1
Etymology: < race n.1 + way n.1 Compare racecourse n. With sense 4 compare also racetrack n.
Chiefly U.S.
1.
a. A passage or channel in which water runs, esp. to or from a watermill; a canal. Also in extended use. Cf. race n.1 5b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > channel for conveyance of water
water leatOE
water lade1224
leat1279
watergang1293
sow1316
trough1398
wissinga1400
lanec1420
waterway1431
water leasow1440
watercoursea1450
fleam1523
lead1541
cut1548
aqueducta1552
lake1559
strand1565
race1570
channel1581
watergauge1597
gout1598
server1610
carriage1669
runnel1669
aquage1706
shoot1707
tewel1725
run1761
penstock1763
hulve1764
way-gang1766
culvert1774
flume1784
shute1790
pentrough1793
raceway1793
water carriage1793
carrier1794
conductor1796
water carrier1827
penchute1875
chute1878
by-cut1883
1793 J. MacDonell Diary in C. M. Gates Five Fur Traders (1965) 74 The fall..comes down a steep Rush or Race-way between an Island and the shore.
1804 J. Kent & J. Radcliff Laws of State of N.Y. ix. 491 Shankland shall make and keep in good repair, a good, sufficient and convenient lock through his dam, at his mills, for boats to pass up his raceway into lake Otsego.
1828 in S. Jenkins Story of Bronx (1912) ix. 199 Fourteen mill sites, each fifty by one hundred feet, were mapped out along the raceways.
1858 J. R. Lowell Poet. Wks. II. 318 A mere Auricular canal or raceway to be fed..From their vast heads of milk-and-water-power.
1904 N.Y. Evening Post 8 June 2 Several men were assaulted, and some were thrown into the raceway.
1943 N.Y. Times 15 Oct. 26/1 A system of raceways originally designed to carry water power to mills remote from the falls.
2005 K. L. Riley Lockport vii. 124 Hunt and Marcy's company enlarged the raceway running along the bank of the canal behind Main and Market Streets.
b. An artificial channel of running water for rearing fish.
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the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > fish-keeping, farming, or breeding > [noun] > other fish-rearing equipment
riffle1872
raceway1877
grille1883
1877 L. Stone Domesticated Trout ii. 27 The spawning beds consist simply of a long narrow flume, or raceway, at the head of the ponds, where the fish come up to spawn.
1897 Man. Fish Culture (U.S. Comm. Fish & Fisheries) 74 The object of these boards is to form four avenues leading to the raceway, so that one or two pugnacious fish can not command the approach and keep back spawning fish inclined to enter.
1913 W. E. Meehan Fish Culture vii. 104 There has been a tendency in recent years for fish-culturists to abandon raceways.
1953 H. S. Davis Culture & Dis. Game Fish ii. 21 Raceways for holding small fingerlings are usually constructed of concrete.
1972 Aquaculture 1 229 Water requirements for ‘raceway’ production of turbot would be very low compared with the requirements in current trout farming practice.
2005 R. Stickney Aquaculture v. 172 The traditional way that channel catfish eggs are hatched is in a hatching trough (raceway).
2.
a. Weaving. A course or passage for a shuttle. Now rare.
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1849 Sci. Amer. June 292/1 The picker is made to move continually in a straight line in the raceway of the lathe.
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1355/2 A roller imparting a vibratory motion to the lay, in which is a raceway for the shuttle.
1936 E. A. J. Johnson Some Origins Mod. Econ. World iv. 77 His ‘fly shuttle’..was shot back and forth over a traverse raceway by the alternate impact of suspended hammers.
b. Typography. A groove in a typesetting machine along which type is moved.
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society > communication > printing > composing equipment > [noun] > type-setting machines > parts of
justifier1855
raceway1875
self-justifier1889
spaceband1895
assembler1902
1875 U.S. Patent 169,215 3/1 Said finger is moved by the arm..to draw the type out from between the molds, and convey it into and along in the raceway or slide.
1898 Inland Printer Nov. 178/1 This machine will select the type, place them in a raceway and move them along until a line is set up.
1934 U.S. Patent 1,957,444 4/2 A valve opens and permits a blast of air to act on..the type to draw it..into the raceway.
1997 Landmarks Mech. Engin. (Amer. Soc. Mech. Engineers) 338 The machine..pushed the correctly justified line [of type] onto the receiving galley or raceway.
c. Mechanics. A groove in which the balls of a ball bearing or the rollers of a roller bearing run.
ΚΠ
1946 Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch 8 Dec. iv. 6- d/1 The balls are held in place by two concentric steel rings. They run in grooves or ‘raceways’ cut in the rings. A retainer or separator is usually inserted to keep them from rubbing against each other.
1989 Engineering July 25/1 RHP Precision is offering to substitute the steel ball..by a ceramic ball..because..there is a smaller contact area between the ball and raceway.
2004 Eighth Internat. Conf. on Vibrations in Rotating Machinery (Institution of Mechanical Engineers) 513 Spall defects, in their initial stages, begin below the surface of the raceway.
3. A pipe or tubing used for enclosing electrical wires; the course afforded by such a pipe.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > conveyor > [noun] > conduit, channel, or tube > for electrical wires
raceway1896
1896 R. Robb Electr. Wiring 125 The virtues of the conduit consist in its..affording a smooth and ample raceway for the insertion and extraction of the wires.
1897 F. C. Moore How to build Home iv. 58 Conduits or raceways for carrying wires through the house should be of iron or other metal.
1964 R. F. Ficchi Electr. Interference ix. 168 Metal boxes, cabinets and fittings, or noncurrent-carrying metal parts of other fixed equipment, if metallically connected to grounded cable armor or metal raceway, are considered grounded by such connections.
1976 J. K. Lieberman & N. S. Rhodes Compl. CB Handbk. v. 105 Stick the snake through the ‘raceway’ (the space in which the tail-light wires run through the trunk).
2005 T. Surbrook & J. Althouse Interpreting National Electric Code 437 More than one raceway may be run parallel in the floor, with one containing power wires and another containing communications wires.
4. A racetrack; spec. a track or circuit for running horses in harness races.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > horse racing > racecourse > [noun]
careera1586
lists1601
hippodrome1750
horse-course1751
racecourse1764
racetrack1830
flat1870
raceway1910
1910 N.Y. Times 20 Mar. (Sporting section) 4/1 The Amateur Automobile Contest Association event will be contested over a course said to be superior to the Briarcliff raceway in every respect.
1936 Sun (Baltimore) 19 Oct. 12/6 Topping..had purchased the Maserati car which Philippe Etancelin, of France, drove in the Roosevelt raceway test.
1942 Sun (Baltimore) 24 Aug. 11/4 Saratoga Raceway's new harness racing venture.
1958 Washington Post 30 Aug. a12/5 Raceway officials told the commission the plant would be ready for night racing by next March 1.
1962 J. McHale R. Buckminster Fuller 112 (caption) This dome would be largest roofed structure in the world. It was initially planned as a covering for a raceway and surroundings.
2006 Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) 17 Feb. a2/6 Residents fed up with noise from Ruapuna Raceway could get a break, if a plan for Fulton Hogan to take over and move the raceway goes ahead.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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