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单词 radiocarbon
释义

radiocarbonn.adj.

Brit. /ˌreɪdɪəʊˈkɑːb(ə)n/, U.S. /ˌreɪdioʊˈkɑrbən/
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: radio- comb. form2, carbon n.
Etymology: < radio- comb. form2 + carbon n. Compare French radiocarbone (1936).
A. n.
A radioactive isotope of carbon; spec. = carbon-14 n. at carbon n. 1b(c). Also: short for radiocarbon dating n. at Compounds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbon > [noun] > radioactive isotope
radiocarbon1936
carbon-141946
1936 S. Glasstone Recent Adv. Gen. Chem. i. 37 Chemical identification of radio-carbon. Bombardment of boron, in the form of boron trioxide, by high-energy deuterons results in the formation of a positron-emitting radio-element.
1946 Physical Rev. 69 672/1 Radiocarbon might be found in living matter especially in connection with the concentration of C13 for tracer uses.
1953 Geografiska Annaler 35 99 The Long artifacts found at Angostura, South Dakota have been dated by radiocarbon at about 7,000 years ago.
1957 Times 11 Sept. 6/2 Recent studies using radiocarbon indicated that the yield of photosynthesis by the plankton of the oceans was at least equal to that of the land flora.
1963 G. M. B. Dobson Exploring Atmosphere i. 12 The radio-carbon formed in the upper atmosphere becomes radio-carbon dioxide and is gradually mixed throughout the whole atmosphere.
1970 Nature 4 Apr. 45/1 The chronology of several glacial stages has been recognized in the microfossils and dated by radiocarbon.
1991 P. James et al. Cent. of Darkness (1992) Pref. p. xix In the Near East and Aegean..the lack of systematic sampling means that radiocarbon is still too blunt a tool to resolve the perennial controversies of Bronze to Iron Age chronology.
2004 Nature 22 Jan. p. ix/3 Isotopic analysis reveals a graphitic carbon fraction with almost no radiocarbon remaining, suggesting that it is graphite weathered from rocks.
B. adj.
attributive. Of or relating to radiocarbon or its use in dating; (of dates, ages, etc.) based on or determined by dating with carbon-14; as radiocarbon evidence, radiocarbon method, radiocarbon year, etc.
ΚΠ
1941 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 27 476 The radiocarbon experiments were carried out in the following manner.
1949 Antiquity 23 113 A method of dating dead pieces of formerly living substances (such as wood and bone) by means of their radiocarbon content.
1957 G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. i. 8 The dating of the events, based primarily on the varve chronology, is in fair accord with the radio-carbon chronology.
1966 Radiocarbon 8 534 The result of a radiocarbon determination is commonly expressed as an age given in radiocarbon years.
1989 J. P. Mallory In Search of Indo-Europeans viii. 227 Radiocarbon evidence suggests that the Andronovo culture may have begun to emerge in the early second millennium bc.
2000 Kansas Anthropologist 21 51/2 A single radiocarbon age determination of 1935 ±75 radiocarbon years before present..was obtained on Elliot site feature charcoal.
2005 J. Diamond Collapse (2006) ii. 89 The dating of the porpoise bones was done by the modern state-of-the-art radiocarbon method known as AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry).

Compounds

radiocarbon age n. the age of an organic object (such as an ancient piece of wood, bone, or textile) as ascertained by radiocarbon dating.
ΚΠ
1949 Science 23 Dec. 679/2 The two basic assumptions of the radiocarbon age determination method—namely, the constancy of the cosmic radiation intensity and the possibility of obtaining unaltered samples—are probably justified for wood up to 4600 years.]
1951 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 249 257 All of the dates are of the right order of magnitude, with a few exceptions where it seems likely that the stratigraphic position of the sample, and not the radio~carbon age, has been incorrectly given.
1962 R. Mason Prehist. Transvaal iv. 85 The Florisbad Peat 1 horizon has a radiocarbon age of more than 35,000 B.P. and may be associated with a Middle Stone Age industry.
1992 Forensic Sci. Internat. 54 93 In order to resolve definitely the question of whether the engravings are real or faked, we have measured the radiocarbon age of the bones themselves.
radiocarbon date n. = carbon date n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > reckoning of time > chronology > [noun] > assignment to a time or dating > dating methods > date ascertained by
age dating1941
carbon date1950
radiocarbon date1950
carbon–14 date1951
1950 J. R. Arnold & W. F. Libby (title) Radiocarbon dates.
1988 Antiquity 62 627/2 Word at last came through in September of the radiocarbon date for the Turin Shroud.
2002 Oxoniensia 66 105 Six radiocarbon dates were obtained on material deriving from the enclosure ditch fills and the prehistoric ground surface.
radiocarbon-date v. transitive. = carbon-date v.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > reckoning of time > chronology > arrange chronologically [verb (transitive)] > use methods of dating
carbon-date1953
radiocarbon-date1956
carbon–14 date1957
age-date1967
1956 Limnol. & Oceanogr. 1 260/1 Two profiles of the sediment have been radiocarbon-dated.
1961 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 19 Oct. 18/2 Pollen and trace element studies of the deposits provide evidence of the past climatic conditions which can be radiocarbon dated.
1991 Antiquity 65 865/1 As both bone and shell are notoriously difficult to radiocarbon-date, the result must be interpreted cautiously.
2004 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 23 Mar. 8/1 Instead, that chapter's authors radiocarbon-dated the coral used for the statue's eyes.
radiocarbon-dated adj. = carbon-dated adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > reckoning of time > chronology > [adjective] > branches of chronology or methods of dating > dated by specific methods
pollen-dated1936
carbon-dated1951
radiocarbon-dated1953
age-dated1984
1953 Amer. Antiq. 18 207/1 This date may be a little too early judging by radiocarbon dated formations in the Southwest.
1986 R. B. Morrison & C. R. Wilson Native Peoples iii. 52 The oldest radiocarbon-dated artifacts in the Americas have been found in the northern Yukon.
2005 J. Diamond Collapse (2006) vii. 222 Counts of animal bones identified in radiocarbon-dated Greenland garbage middens.
radiocarbon dating n. = carbon dating n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > reckoning of time > chronology > [noun] > assignment to a time or dating > dating methods
fluorine test1895
cross-dating1939
age dating1941
carbon–14 dating1950
radiocarbon dating1950
carbon dating1952
radiodating1962
radiometric dating1963
TL-dating1972
1950 Science 20 Oct. 453/1 An attempt has been made..to check the radiocarbon dating technique.
1956 M. Wheeler in A. Pryce-Jones New Outl. Mod. Knowl. 399 A radio-carbon dating gives 7538 b.c. (with a possible error ± of 350 years) for the settlement.
1978 New Scientist 2 Mar. 599/2 The dating of carbon in glacier varves would extend the calibration of the radiocarbon dating curve.
1999 C. Thubron In Siberia (2000) ix. 263 But stone, I thought cruelly, did not submit to radio-carbon dating.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.1936
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