beyondadv.prep.n.

Brit.

/bᵻˈjɒnd/, U.S.

/biˈ(j)ɑnd/

Forms: Old English be-, bigeondan, beiundan, Middle English begeonden, Middle English biȝeonde(n, biȝonndenn, Middle English bi-, byyond(e, -ȝonde, biȝende, Middle English beȝonde(n, be-, biȝunde, Middle English–1500s beyend(e, Middle English–1500s beyonde, 1500s by yonde, byȝend, Middle English– beyond.

Etymology: Old English begeondan , not found in other Germanic languages: < bi- , be- prefix indicating position + geondan from the farther side < Germanic *jandana , < *jand (in Old English geond across, through, beyond. Compare Gothic jaind yonder) + -ana adverbial suffix: compare behind adv., prep., and n. The adverb *jand , (jaind ,) geond , belongs to the demonstrative pronoun *jano-z , Gothic jains , Old High German jenêr (stem jani- ), Old English geon , yon adj. and pron. Other derivatives in Gothic were jainar there; jaindre thither, jainþro thence. The literal meaning of begeondan was thus ‘on yon side, on the farther side.’ Used either without (adverb) or with (preposition) an object.

A. adv.

1. On the farther side, farther away, at a greater distance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > distance or farness > [adverb] > on the more distant side or beyond

beyondc1000

overOE

yonside1681

c1000 Ælfric Gram. 232 Ulterius, feor begeondan.

1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. iii. 105 Ichaue a kniht hette Concience com late from bi-ȝonde [B. biȝunde].

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. xxxi. 314 With outen ony more rehercyng of..marvaylles that ben beȝonde.

c1440 York Myst. xvii. 59 And be-yonde is Bedleem.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. i. sig. Cc2 Lo, where beyond he lyeth languishing.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) ii. i. 247 So high a hope, that euen Ambition cannot pierce a winke beyond .

1842 Ld. Tennyson Palace of Art (rev. ed.) in Poems (new ed.) I. 141 Beyond, a line of heights.

2. In addition, besides, over and above. rare.

ΚΠ

1886 Law Times 80 193/1 This amount and £5, his own damages beyond, he sought to recover in this action.

B. prep.

1. Of position in space: On the farther side of.

a. of a boundary, barrier, or intervening space. beyond seas n. out of the country; abroad.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > distance or farness > distant from [preposition] > on the farther side of

beyonda1000

througha1591

aside1597

ayond1724

a1000 Ælfric Deut. i. 5 Beiundane Iordane on Moab lande.

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: John (Corpus Cambr.) i. 28 On beþanía begeondan iordanen.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14112 Al biȝeonde þere Humbre.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11396 Bi-yond þam ar wonnand nan.

c1440 Gesta Romanorum 1 Myn husbond, quod she, is biȝende þe see.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V iii. vi. 171 To night we will encampe beyond the bridge.

1644 J. Milton Of Educ. 1 Both heer, and beyond the Seas.

1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 86 The New World beyond the Hills.

1792 S. Rogers Pleasures Mem. ii. 51 Beyond the western wave.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 173 From 1646 to 1660 he had lived beyond sea.

b. of an object regarded simply as a point in space: Past, further on than, at a more distant point or position than.

ΚΠ

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 1 Sam. xx. 22 The arowis ben beȝonde [a1425 biȝende] thee.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) ii. i. 252 She that is Queene of Tunis: she that dwels Ten leagues beyond mans life.

1821 Ld. Byron Cain ii. i, in Sardanapalus 373 Thou shalt behold The worlds beyond thy little world.

1843 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters I. 294 Out of which rise the soft rounded slopes of mightier mountain, surge beyond surge.

1873 C. Kingsley Prose Idylls 96 While high overhead hung, motionless, hawk beyond hawk, buzzard beyond buzzard, kite beyond kite, as far as eye could see.

a. Of motion: To the farther side of, farther than, past, so as to leave behind. (Cf. B. 10.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [preposition] > beyond

beyonda1075

a1075 Anglo-Saxon Chron. anno 1048 Godwine eorl and Swegen..gewendon heom begeondan sæ.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14547 Sum fleh bi-ȝeonden sæ.

c1305 St. Dunstan 103 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 37 Biȝunde see he drouȝ.

?1530 J. Rastell Pastyme of People sig. Bii Droue them..by yonde doram.

1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 35 Barnes..brake aways from them and went beyend see unto Luter.

1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 6 Launch not beyond your Depth, but be discreet.

1820 J. Keats Lamia ii, in Lamia & Other Poems 29 His spirit pass'd beyond its golden bourn Into the noisy world.

1862 W. Spalding Hist. Eng. Lit. (1876) 372 Never able to pass a step beyond the self-drawn circle.

b. figurative.

ΚΠ

1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xv. 93 It can proceed and pass beyond all those lengths.

1797 G. Washington Writings (1858) 213 That France has stepped beyond the line of rectitude cannot be denied.

a1849 J. C. Mangan Poems (1859) 450 All-baffled reason cannot wander Beyond her chain.

1860 N. Hawthorne Marble Faun I. iv. 46 The story of this adventure..made its way beyond the usual gossip of the Forestieri.

c. = beside prep. 5a. rare.

ΚΠ

1834 M. Scott in Blackwood's Mag. 36 814 The excess of her joy..had driven her beyond herself.

†d. to go beyond: to ‘get round,’ circumvent.

ΚΠ

1602 W. S. True Chron. Hist. Ld. Cromwell sig. F2 We must be warie, els heele go beyond vs.

1611 Bible (King James) 1 Thess. iv. 6 That no man goe beyond and defraud his brother in any matter.

1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII iii. ii. 409 The King ha's gone beyond me.

3. Towards the farther side of, farther than, past. (With look and equivalent verbs.) to look beyond (quot. 1600): to misconstrue, misunderstand.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > misinterpret [verb (transitive)]

misunderstanda1225

mistake1402

misconstruea1425

miskenc1480

misgloze1532

misinterpret1547

missense1560

wrest1563

misdeem1570

misconceive1586

misconstruct1596

misinfer1597

misconceit1598

misknowa1600

to look beyond1600

lose1600

mismean1605

misprize1609

misread1612

misween1614

misimagine1626

misapprehend1628

construea1640

mislead1654

equivocate1665

misrender1674

misaccept1697

miscomprehend1813

misperceive1911

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. iii. 67 My gracious Lord, you looke beyond him quite.

1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 302. ⁋7 Looking beyond this gloomy Vale of Affliction and Sorrow into the Joys of Heaven and Immortality.

1771 J. Beattie Minstrel: Bk. 1st xxviii. 15 Lofty souls, who look beyond the tomb.

4. Of time: Past, later than.

ΚΠ

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. iii. 57 My griefe..Stretches it selfe beyond the howre of death.

1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets cxxii. sig. H2 Which shall..remaine Beyond all date euen to eternity.

1747 T. Gray Ode Eton Coll. 6 Nor Care beyond to-day.

1762 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (1826) V. xli. 228 Those who should remain beyond that time..should be guilty of treason.

1816 J. Wilson City of Plague ii. ii. 15 I have been kept from home, beyond my promised hour.

1853 C. Brontë Villette II. xxi. 125 We arrived safe at home about an hour and a half beyond our time.

5. figurative.

a. Outside the limit or sphere of, past; out of the grasp or reach of.

ΚΠ

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Num. xxii. C Yet coulde I not go beyonde y^e worde of the Lorde my God.

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. iii. 198 Imagination of some great exploit Driues him beyond the bounds of patience.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 i. iii. 59 The model of an house, Beyond his power to build.

1605 T. Heywood If you know not Me sig. C2^v Shoomaker, you goe a little beyond your last.

a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. iii. 117 Beyond the infinite and boundlesse reach of mercie.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxiii. 201 A time past, beyond the memory of man.

1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World II. 24 It was beyond one man's strength to remove it.

1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. i. 53 A detail of the working of the trade laws would be beyond my present purpose.

1869 J. Martineau Ess. Philos. & Theol. 2nd Ser. 76 Some offences..are beyond detection.

1885 Sir L. Cave in Law Times' Rep. 52 629/2 We cannot go beyond the written agreement.

b. to be beyond a person (colloquial): to pass his comprehension.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > unintelligibility > pass one's comprehension [verb (intransitive)]

to be beyond a person1814

1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park III. i. 13 ‘This is beyond me,’ said he.

1928 E. O'Neill Strange Interlude vii. 250 Why Gordon should take such a fancy to that old sissy is beyond me.

1966 Listener 12 May 699/1 How someone like Anthony de Lotbinière, its producer, could make Japan boring is beyond me, but he succeeded.

6. esp. with nouns expressing an action or a state of mind, as belief, doubt, endurance, expectation, question, etc.: Not within the range of, not according to, past, surpassing.

ΚΠ

a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) ii. ii. 25 These things are beyond all vse.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) ii. i. 64 Which is indeed almost beyond credit.

1692 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. iv. 30 'Tis beyond even an Atheist's Credulity.

1701 W. Wotton Hist. Rome 285 His Spectacles were almost beyond belief.

1758 T. Newton Diss. Prophecies xvii, in Wks. II. 400 Adversity..often procures friends beyond hope and expectation.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 197 France was now, beyond all doubt, the greatest power in Europe.

7. Exceeding in quantity or amount, more than. (As with above, the phrase beyond a hundred, etc. may be the subject of a sentence.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > great in quantity, amount, or degree [preposition] > more than

top1340

passingc1370

abovea1398

atourc1475

beyond?a1500

?a1500 Batayle of Egyngecourte 238 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) II. 102 There dyed by yonde .vii. score vpon a day.

1605 London Prodigall i. i. 220 Doth he spend beyond the allowance I left him?

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler i. 34 When he was beyond Seventy years of age he made this description.

1885 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 29 528 To an amount far beyond their value.

a. Surpassing in quality or degree, exceeding, superior to; more than.

ΚΠ

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) ii. v. 51 The Shepherds homely Curds..Is farre beyond a Princes Delicates.

1637 J. Milton Comus 28 Delight Beyond the blisse of dreams.

a1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) 55 Were so much beyond our vessels in sayling.

1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones I. i. xi. 61 His Shoulders were broad, beyond all Size.

1873 H. B. Tristram Land of Moab ii. 35 Our guide, looking on game as far beyond names in importance.

b. beyond measure adv. (adverbial phr.): more than what is meet or moderate; exceedingly, excessively.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > excessive amount or degree > excessively [phrase] > excessively or immoderately

att hofelæsc1175

with unskillc1220

above (also beyond) the moonc1300

out of score1303

beyond (also above, over, without) measurea1375

out of (all) measurea1375

beyond measure1526

above (also beyond) the nock1530

out of (also without) all cry1565

out of all hoa1592

over the top1935

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Mark vii. f. lv They..were beyonde measure astonyed [so 1611].

a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) i. ii. 89 Shrow'd, and froward, so beyond all measure .

1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 87 I am delighted beyond measure.

c. beyond all: above all.

ΚΠ

1646 J. Clenche Tour in France & Italy 71 But, beyond all, is the Salle, painted by Hannibal Caraccio.

1889 Critic (N.Y.) 26 Oct. 206/2 A fair statement of these differences..would, beyond all, teach a proper respect and abiding confidence in the justice of the whole people.

1916 J. Joyce Portrait of Artist iii. 125 Let us try..to make this retreat in honour of St. Francis with our whole heart... But, above and beyond all, let this retreat be one to which you can look back in after years.

9. In addition to, besides, over and above; in negative and interrog. sentences almost = Except; cf. besides prep. 2, 3.

ΚΠ

c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 281 Ouer and biȝende the xlviij. citees.

1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie i. xi. 81 Somwhat beyond and aboue all this.

1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII iii. i. 134 Bring me a constant woman to her Husband, One that ne're dream'd a Ioy, beyond his pleasure.

1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (1826) II. cxi. App. 112 The Conqueror ordained that the barons should be obliged to pay nothing beyond their stated services.

1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus ii. vi. 57/2 No prospect of breakfast beyond elemental liquid.

1872 W. H. Dixon Hist. W. Penn (rev. ed.) xvi. 134 Beyond his labours as a preacher, he composed..twenty-six books of controversy.

10. When beyond = ‘farther than,’ ‘more than,’ introduces an adverbial complement of the predicate, the clause in which it occurs is often contracted; They prospered beyond other men = ‘beyond the measure in which other men prospered’; I went a step beyond Whiston = ‘beyond the point to which he went’.

ΚΠ

1578 Gude & Godely Ball. 127 His bemis send he hes out far Beȝond vther sternis all [i.e. beyond the distance to which all other stars have sent theirs].

1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes i. §29. 44 They go in inhumane cruelty beyond the Heathen.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 805 That were to extend His Sentence beyond dust and Natures Law.

1758 W. Borlase Nat. Hist. Cornwall xix. §7. 232 The plant grows luxuriant beyond what we have in Cornwall.

1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. ii. 11 I even went a step beyond Whiston in displaying my principles.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 154 The discarded warriors prospered beyond other men.

C. n.

1. That which lies on the other side or farther away, the remote or distant; that which lies beyond one's present life or experience.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > distance or farness > [noun] > condition of being beyond > that which lies beyond

beyond1591

yonder1888

1591 H. Savile tr. Tacitus Ende of Nero: Fower Bks. Hist. iv. 174 Beyond [ulteriora] he honored and admired, but professed to follow the present estate.

1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi III. x. viii. 321 Each is the yearning for the Great Beyond, which attests our immortality.

1876 J. B. Mozley Serm. preached Univ. of Oxf. iii. 47 Love..wants a beyond, and no being that is without this beyond can duly answer to it as an object.

1885 J. Martineau Types Ethical Theory I. 281 They are the All, with no beyond.

2. the back of beyond: a humorous phrase for ever so far off, some very out of the way place.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > distance or farness > [noun] > distant parts > a remote or inaccessible place

out-place1530

inaccessibilities1651

inaccessible1792

the back of beyond1816

hardscrabble1821

the back of Godspeed1827

out-of-the-way1971

1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. ii. 36 You..whirl'd them to the back o' beyont to look at the auld Roman camp.

1828 D. M. Moir Life Mansie Wauch vii Like an auncient hermit far away among the hills, at the back of beyont.

1853 T. De Quincey Spanish Mil. Nun in Wks. III. 12 Which port (according to a smart American adage) is to be looked for at the back of beyond.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Back-o'-beyond. Said of an unknown distance.

1883 R. L. Stevenson Silverado Squatters 151 In the fastnesses of nature, forests, mountains, and the back of man's beyond.

1889 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms xvii These far-out back-of-beyond places.

Compounds

beyond-man n. an early synonym of superman n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > man > [noun] > superman

superman1894

overman1895

beyond-man1896

superhuman1896

Übermensch1902

superperson1927

slan1940

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > quality of being the best > [noun] > best person

bellman1617

optimate1635

prior1644

stang1808

top-sawyer1826

No. 11843

beyond-man1896

1896 A. Tille tr. F. Nietzsche Thus spake Zarathustra 5 Behold, I teach you beyond-man! Beyond-man is the significance of earth. Your will shall say: beyond-man shall be the significance of earth.

1896 A. Tille tr. F. Nietzsche Thus spake Zarathustra 129 Never yet beyond-man existed. I have seen them both naked, the greatest and the smallest man.

1896 T. Common tr. F. Nietzsche Twilight of Idols in Wks. XI. 198 To be set up..as a ‘higher man’, as a kind of beyond-man.

1908 Athenæum 13 June 729/1 The ‘Super-tramp’ is..the opposite of the ‘oversoul’ or ‘beyond-man’.

a1917 G. B. Shaw Let. in Trans. Philol. Soc. 1916–20 (1932) 8 Some of our most felicitous writers..had been using such desperate and unspeakable forms as Beyondman, when the glib Superman was staring them in the face all the time.

† beyond-sea adj. Obsolete (cf. sense B. 1) ultramarine, outlandish, foreign.

ΚΠ

1498 Will of Thomas Petyt the elder (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/11) f. 161^v Ij paire of beyond see shetes.

1534 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 209 A paynted cloth of beyond see werk.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 580 The garden Mallow called the winter or beyond see roose.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 682 The red beyondsea Gooseberie.

1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre iv. viii. 183 Henceforward the beyond-sea-world took notice of him.

1711 J. Greenwood Ess. Pract. Eng. Gram. 10 Excessive Lust of Novelty..has stung many with an Itch of bringing in beyond-Sea words.

† beyond-sea-ship n. Obsolete humorously applied to a foreign prince (cf. lordship n.).

ΚΠ

1620 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Phylaster iv. 41 I neuer lou'd his beyond-sea-shippe.

Draft additions March 2020

Used before an adjective to indicate a quality surpassing that expressed by the adjective, as in beyond beautiful, beyond strange, etc.: more than (beautiful, strange, etc.). Now often used colloquially as an intensifier: extremely, utterly.Sometimes used in constructions between two uses of the same adjective to give intensifying force, as in the cake was delicious beyond delicious; see e.g. quots. 1840, 1956.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [preposition] > to a greater degree than

passingc1385

beyond1789

1789 Public Advertiser 21 Aug. The whole was beyond beautiful—it was sublime.

1840 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 12 Aug. Is it not strange, beyond strange, that the President of the United States, in these excited party times, should be invited to a public dinner?

1878 Iowa Liberal 27 Mar. The idea..was beyond ridiculous.

1956 S. Carroll in O. Prescott Mid-Cent. (1958) 155 My Lord Gerald Wallace Trimmeline was rich beyond rich.

2015 A. Silvera More Happy than Not 116 This conversation is beyond dumb. Someone shoot me. Now. Twice.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

单词	beyond
释义	beyondadv.prep.n. Brit. /bᵻˈjɒnd/, U.S. /biˈ(j)ɑnd/ Forms: Old English be-, bigeondan, beiundan, Middle English begeonden, Middle English biȝeonde(n, biȝonndenn, Middle English bi-, byyond(e, -ȝonde, biȝende, Middle English beȝonde(n, be-, biȝunde, Middle English–1500s beyend(e, Middle English–1500s beyonde, 1500s by yonde, byȝend, Middle English– beyond. Etymology: Old English begeondan , not found in other Germanic languages: < bi- , be- prefix indicating position + geondan from the farther side < Germanic jandana , < jand (in Old English geond across, through, beyond. Compare Gothic jaind yonder) + -ana adverbial suffix: compare behind adv., prep., and n. The adverb jand , (jaind* ,) geond , belongs to the demonstrative pronoun jano-z , Gothic jains* , Old High German jenêr (stem jani- ), Old English geon , yon adj. and pron. Other derivatives in Gothic were jainar there; jaindre thither, jainþro thence. The literal meaning of begeondan was thus ‘on yon side, on the farther side.’ Used either without (adverb) or with (preposition) an object. A. adv. 1. On the farther side, farther away, at a greater distance. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > distance or farness > [adverb] > on the more distant side or beyond beyondc1000 overOE yonside1681 c1000 Ælfric Gram. 232 Ulterius, feor begeondan. 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. iii. 105 Ichaue a kniht hette Concience com late from bi-ȝonde [B. biȝunde]. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. xxxi. 314 With outen ony more rehercyng of..marvaylles that ben beȝonde. c1440 York Myst. xvii. 59 And be-yonde is Bedleem. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. i. sig. Cc2 Lo, where beyond he lyeth languishing. a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) ii. i. 247 So high a hope, that euen Ambition cannot pierce a winke beyond . View more context for this quotation 1842 Ld. Tennyson Palace of Art (rev. ed.) in Poems (new ed.) I. 141 Beyond, a line of heights. 2. In addition, besides, over and above. rare. ΚΠ 1886 Law Times 80 193/1 This amount and £5, his own damages beyond, he sought to recover in this action. B. prep. 1. Of position in space: On the farther side of. a. of a boundary, barrier, or intervening space. beyond seas n. out of the country; abroad. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > distance or farness > distant from [preposition] > on the farther side of beyonda1000 througha1591 aside1597 ayond1724 a1000 Ælfric Deut. i. 5 Beiundane Iordane on Moab lande. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: John (Corpus Cambr.) i. 28 On beþanía begeondan iordanen. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14112 Al biȝeonde þere Humbre. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11396 Bi-yond þam ar wonnand nan. c1440 Gesta Romanorum 1 Myn husbond, quod she, is biȝende þe see. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V iii. vi. 171 To night we will encampe beyond the bridge. 1644 J. Milton Of Educ. 1 Both heer, and beyond the Seas. 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 86 The New World beyond the Hills. 1792 S. Rogers Pleasures Mem. ii. 51 Beyond the western wave. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 173 From 1646 to 1660 he had lived beyond sea. b. of an object regarded simply as a point in space: Past, further on than, at a more distant point or position than. ΚΠ 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 1 Sam. xx. 22 The arowis ben beȝonde [a1425 biȝende] thee. a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) ii. i. 252 She that is Queene of Tunis: she that dwels Ten leagues beyond mans life. View more context for this quotation 1821 Ld. Byron Cain ii. i, in Sardanapalus 373 Thou shalt behold The worlds beyond thy little world. 1843 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters I. 294 Out of which rise the soft rounded slopes of mightier mountain, surge beyond surge. 1873 C. Kingsley Prose Idylls 96 While high overhead hung, motionless, hawk beyond hawk, buzzard beyond buzzard, kite beyond kite, as far as eye could see. 2. a. Of motion: To the farther side of, farther than, past, so as to leave behind. (Cf. B. 10.) ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [preposition] > beyond beyonda1075 a1075 Anglo-Saxon Chron. anno 1048 Godwine eorl and Swegen..gewendon heom begeondan sæ. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14547 Sum fleh bi-ȝeonden sæ. c1305 St. Dunstan 103 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 37 Biȝunde see he drouȝ. ?1530 J. Rastell Pastyme of People sig. Bii Droue them..by yonde doram. 1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 35 Barnes..brake aways from them and went beyend see unto Luter. 1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 6 Launch not beyond your Depth, but be discreet. 1820 J. Keats Lamia ii, in Lamia & Other Poems 29 His spirit pass'd beyond its golden bourn Into the noisy world. 1862 W. Spalding Hist. Eng. Lit. (1876) 372 Never able to pass a step beyond the self-drawn circle. b. figurative. ΚΠ 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xv. 93 It can proceed and pass beyond all those lengths. 1797 G. Washington Writings (1858) 213 That France has stepped beyond the line of rectitude cannot be denied. a1849 J. C. Mangan Poems (1859) 450 All-baffled reason cannot wander Beyond her chain. 1860 N. Hawthorne Marble Faun I. iv. 46 The story of this adventure..made its way beyond the usual gossip of the Forestieri. c. = beside prep. 5a. rare. ΚΠ 1834 M. Scott in Blackwood's Mag. 36 814 The excess of her joy..had driven her beyond herself. †d. to go beyond: to ‘get round,’ circumvent. ΚΠ 1602 W. S. True Chron. Hist. Ld. Cromwell sig. F2 We must be warie, els heele go beyond vs. 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Thess. iv. 6 That no man goe beyond and defraud his brother in any matter. View more context for this quotation 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII iii. ii. 409 The King ha's gone beyond me. View more context for this quotation 3. Towards the farther side of, farther than, past. (With look and equivalent verbs.) to look beyond (quot. 1600): to misconstrue, misunderstand. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > misinterpret [verb (transitive)] misunderstanda1225 mistake1402 misconstruea1425 miskenc1480 misgloze1532 misinterpret1547 missense1560 wrest1563 misdeem1570 misconceive1586 misconstruct1596 misinfer1597 misconceit1598 misknowa1600 to look beyond1600 lose1600 mismean1605 misprize1609 misread1612 misween1614 misimagine1626 misapprehend1628 construea1640 mislead1654 equivocate1665 misrender1674 misaccept1697 miscomprehend1813 read1879 misperceive1911 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. iii. 67 My gracious Lord, you looke beyond him quite. View more context for this quotation 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 302. ⁋7 Looking beyond this gloomy Vale of Affliction and Sorrow into the Joys of Heaven and Immortality. 1771 J. Beattie Minstrel: Bk. 1st xxviii. 15 Lofty souls, who look beyond the tomb. 4. Of time: Past, later than. ΚΠ 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. iii. 57 My griefe..Stretches it selfe beyond the howre of death. 1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets cxxii. sig. H2 Which shall..remaine Beyond all date euen to eternity. View more context for this quotation 1747 T. Gray Ode Eton Coll. 6 Nor Care beyond to-day. 1762 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (1826) V. xli. 228 Those who should remain beyond that time..should be guilty of treason. 1816 J. Wilson City of Plague ii. ii. 15 I have been kept from home, beyond my promised hour. 1853 C. Brontë Villette II. xxi. 125 We arrived safe at home about an hour and a half beyond our time. 5. figurative. a. Outside the limit or sphere of, past; out of the grasp or reach of. ΚΠ 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Num. xxii. C Yet coulde I not go beyonde y^e worde of the Lorde my God. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. iii. 198 Imagination of some great exploit Driues him beyond the bounds of patience. View more context for this quotation 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 i. iii. 59 The model of an house, Beyond his power to build. View more context for this quotation 1605 T. Heywood If you know not Me sig. C2^v Shoomaker, you goe a little beyond your last. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. iii. 117 Beyond the infinite and boundlesse reach of mercie. View more context for this quotation 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxiii. 201 A time past, beyond the memory of man. 1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World II. 24 It was beyond one man's strength to remove it. 1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. i. 53 A detail of the working of the trade laws would be beyond my present purpose. 1869 J. Martineau Ess. Philos. & Theol. 2nd Ser. 76 Some offences..are beyond detection. 1885 Sir L. Cave in Law Times' Rep. 52 629/2 We cannot go beyond the written agreement. b. to be beyond a person (colloquial): to pass his comprehension. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > unintelligibility > pass one's comprehension [verb (intransitive)] to be beyond a person1814 1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park III. i. 13 ‘This is beyond me,’ said he. View more context for this quotation 1928 E. O'Neill Strange Interlude vii. 250 Why Gordon should take such a fancy to that old sissy is beyond me. 1966 Listener 12 May 699/1 How someone like Anthony de Lotbinière, its producer, could make Japan boring is beyond me, but he succeeded. 6. esp. with nouns expressing an action or a state of mind, as belief, doubt, endurance, expectation, question, etc.: Not within the range of, not according to, past, surpassing. ΚΠ a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) ii. ii. 25 These things are beyond all vse. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) ii. i. 64 Which is indeed almost beyond credit. View more context for this quotation 1692 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. iv. 30 'Tis beyond even an Atheist's Credulity. 1701 W. Wotton Hist. Rome 285 His Spectacles were almost beyond belief. 1758 T. Newton Diss. Prophecies xvii, in Wks. II. 400 Adversity..often procures friends beyond hope and expectation. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 197 France was now, beyond all doubt, the greatest power in Europe. 7. Exceeding in quantity or amount, more than. (As with above, the phrase beyond a hundred, etc. may be the subject of a sentence.) ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > great in quantity, amount, or degree [preposition] > more than top1340 passingc1370 abovea1398 atourc1475 beyond?a1500 ?a1500 Batayle of Egyngecourte 238 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) II. 102 There dyed by yonde .vii. score vpon a day. 1605 London Prodigall i. i. 220 Doth he spend beyond the allowance I left him? 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler i. 34 When he was beyond Seventy years of age he made this description. View more context for this quotation 1885 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 29 528 To an amount far beyond their value. 8. a. Surpassing in quality or degree, exceeding, superior to; more than. ΚΠ a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) ii. v. 51 The Shepherds homely Curds..Is farre beyond a Princes Delicates. View more context for this quotation 1637 J. Milton Comus 28 Delight Beyond the blisse of dreams. a1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) 55 Were so much beyond our vessels in sayling. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones I. i. xi. 61 His Shoulders were broad, beyond all Size. View more context for this quotation 1873 H. B. Tristram Land of Moab ii. 35 Our guide, looking on game as far beyond names in importance. b. beyond measure adv. (adverbial phr.): more than what is meet or moderate; exceedingly, excessively. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > excessive amount or degree > excessively [phrase] > excessively or immoderately att hofelæsc1175 with unskillc1220 above (also beyond) the moonc1300 out of score1303 beyond (also above, over, without) measurea1375 out of (all) measurea1375 beyond measure1526 above (also beyond) the nock1530 out of (also without) all cry1565 out of all hoa1592 over the top1935 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Mark vii. f. lv They..were beyonde measure astonyed [so 1611]. a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) i. ii. 89 Shrow'd, and froward, so beyond all measure . View more context for this quotation 1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 87 I am delighted beyond measure. c. beyond all: above all. ΚΠ 1646 J. Clenche Tour in France & Italy 71 But, beyond all, is the Salle, painted by Hannibal Caraccio. 1889 Critic (N.Y.) 26 Oct. 206/2 A fair statement of these differences..would, beyond all, teach a proper respect and abiding confidence in the justice of the whole people. 1916 J. Joyce Portrait of Artist iii. 125 Let us try..to make this retreat in honour of St. Francis with our whole heart... But, above and beyond all, let this retreat be one to which you can look back in after years. 9. In addition to, besides, over and above; in negative and interrog. sentences almost = Except; cf. besides prep. 2, 3. ΚΠ c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 281 Ouer and biȝende the xlviij. citees. 1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie i. xi. 81 Somwhat beyond and aboue all this. 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII iii. i. 134 Bring me a constant woman to her Husband, One that ne're dream'd a Ioy, beyond his pleasure. View more context for this quotation 1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (1826) II. cxi. App. 112 The Conqueror ordained that the barons should be obliged to pay nothing beyond their stated services. 1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus ii. vi. 57/2 No prospect of breakfast beyond elemental liquid. 1872 W. H. Dixon Hist. W. Penn (rev. ed.) xvi. 134 Beyond his labours as a preacher, he composed..twenty-six books of controversy. 10. When beyond = ‘farther than,’ ‘more than,’ introduces an adverbial complement of the predicate, the clause in which it occurs is often contracted; They prospered beyond other men = ‘beyond the measure in which other men prospered’; I went a step beyond Whiston = ‘beyond the point to which he went’. ΚΠ 1578 Gude & Godely Ball. 127 His bemis send he hes out far Beȝond vther sternis all [i.e. beyond the distance to which all other stars have sent theirs]. 1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes i. §29. 44 They go in inhumane cruelty beyond the Heathen. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 805 That were to extend His Sentence beyond dust and Natures Law. View more context for this quotation 1758 W. Borlase Nat. Hist. Cornwall xix. §7. 232 The plant grows luxuriant beyond what we have in Cornwall. 1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. ii. 11 I even went a step beyond Whiston in displaying my principles. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 154 The discarded warriors prospered beyond other men. C. n. 1. That which lies on the other side or farther away, the remote or distant; that which lies beyond one's present life or experience. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > distance or farness > [noun] > condition of being beyond > that which lies beyond beyond1591 yonder1888 1591 H. Savile tr. Tacitus Ende of Nero: Fower Bks. Hist. iv. 174 Beyond [ulteriora] he honored and admired, but professed to follow the present estate. 1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi III. x. viii. 321 Each is the yearning for the Great Beyond, which attests our immortality. 1876 J. B. Mozley Serm. preached Univ. of Oxf. iii. 47 Love..wants a beyond, and no being that is without this beyond can duly answer to it as an object. 1885 J. Martineau Types Ethical Theory I. 281 They are the All, with no beyond. 2. the back of beyond: a humorous phrase for ever so far off, some very out of the way place. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > distance or farness > [noun] > distant parts > a remote or inaccessible place out-place1530 inaccessibilities1651 inaccessible1792 the back of beyond1816 hardscrabble1821 the back of Godspeed1827 out-of-the-way1971 1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. ii. 36 You..whirl'd them to the back o' beyont to look at the auld Roman camp. 1828 D. M. Moir Life Mansie Wauch vii Like an auncient hermit far away among the hills, at the back of beyont. 1853 T. De Quincey Spanish Mil. Nun in Wks. III. 12 Which port (according to a smart American adage) is to be looked for at the back of beyond. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Back-o'-beyond. Said of an unknown distance. 1883 R. L. Stevenson Silverado Squatters 151 In the fastnesses of nature, forests, mountains, and the back of man's beyond. 1889 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms xvii These far-out back-of-beyond places. Compounds beyond-man n. an early synonym of superman n. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > man > [noun] > superman superman1894 overman1895 beyond-man1896 superhuman1896 Übermensch1902 superperson1927 slan1940 the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > quality of being the best > [noun] > best person bellman1617 optimate1635 prior1644 stang1808 top-sawyer1826 No. 11843 beyond-man1896 1896 A. Tille tr. F. Nietzsche Thus spake Zarathustra 5 Behold, I teach you beyond-man! Beyond-man is the significance of earth. Your will shall say: beyond-man shall be the significance of earth. 1896 A. Tille tr. F. Nietzsche Thus spake Zarathustra 129 Never yet beyond-man existed. I have seen them both naked, the greatest and the smallest man. 1896 T. Common tr. F. Nietzsche Twilight of Idols in Wks. XI. 198 To be set up..as a ‘higher man’, as a kind of beyond-man. 1908 Athenæum 13 June 729/1 The ‘Super-tramp’ is..the opposite of the ‘oversoul’ or ‘beyond-man’. a1917 G. B. Shaw Let. in Trans. Philol. Soc. 1916–20 (1932) 8 Some of our most felicitous writers..had been using such desperate and unspeakable forms as Beyondman, when the glib Superman was staring them in the face all the time. † beyond-sea adj. Obsolete (cf. sense B. 1) ultramarine, outlandish, foreign. ΚΠ 1498 Will of Thomas Petyt the elder (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/11) f. 161^v Ij paire of beyond see shetes. 1534 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 209 A paynted cloth of beyond see werk. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 580 The garden Mallow called the winter or beyond see roose. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 682 The red beyondsea Gooseberie. 1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre iv. viii. 183 Henceforward the beyond-sea-world took notice of him. 1711 J. Greenwood Ess. Pract. Eng. Gram. 10 Excessive Lust of Novelty..has stung many with an Itch of bringing in beyond-Sea words. † beyond-sea-ship n. Obsolete humorously applied to a foreign prince (cf. lordship n.). ΚΠ 1620 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Phylaster iv. 41 I neuer lou'd his beyond-sea-shippe. Draft additions March 2020 Used before an adjective to indicate a quality surpassing that expressed by the adjective, as in beyond beautiful, beyond strange, etc.: more than (beautiful, strange, etc.). Now often used colloquially as an intensifier: extremely, utterly.Sometimes used in constructions between two uses of the same adjective to give intensifying force, as in the cake was delicious beyond delicious; see e.g. quots. 1840, 1956. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [preposition] > to a greater degree than passingc1385 beyond1789 1789 Public Advertiser 21 Aug. The whole was beyond beautiful—it was sublime. 1840 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 12 Aug. Is it not strange, beyond strange, that the President of the United States, in these excited party times, should be invited to a public dinner? 1878 Iowa Liberal 27 Mar. The idea..was beyond ridiculous. 1956 S. Carroll in O. Prescott Mid-Cent. (1958) 155 My Lord Gerald Wallace Trimmeline was rich beyond rich. 2015 A. Silvera More Happy than Not 116 This conversation is beyond dumb. Someone shoot me. Now. Twice. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < adv.prep.n.a1000
随便看	at the large at the last at the last cast at the last gasp at the latest at the least at the least way at the leastways at the leastwise at the lengh at the length at the liberty of at the lifting at the likening of at the long at the long going at the long last at the long run at the long running at the longest at the loose at the loose hand at the lowest at the mast at the meat