quaestorn.

Brit.

/ˈkwiːstə/,

/ˈkwiːstɔː/,

/ˈkwʌɪstə/,

/ˈkwʌɪstɔː/, U.S.

/ˈkwɛstər/

Forms:

α. Middle English–1500s questour, 1500s questeour (Scottish), Middle English– questor.

β. 1500s 1700s quester, 1600s quaester (Scottish).

γ. 1500s– quaestor.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin quaestor, questor.

Etymology: < classical Latin quaestor (in post-classical Latin also questor) any of a number of officials in charge of public revenue and expenditure, public prosecutor in certain criminal cases, in post-classical Latin also an official appointed to grant indulgences in exchange for gifts of alms to the Church, pardoner (frequently from 13th cent. in British and continental sources) < the stem of quaerere to seek, inquire (see queer v.¹) + -tor (see -or suffix). Compare Middle French, French questeur (1213 in Old French in sense 2, 1455 in sense ‘alms collector’ (compare sense 1), 1775 in sense 3), Italian questore (a1294 in sense 2, 1871 or earlier in sense 3b: compare Questore n.). N.E.D. (1902) gives only the pronunciation (kwī·stǫ̆ɹ) /ˈkwiːstə(r)/ for the form quæstor and (kwe·stǫ̆ɹ, -əɹ) /ˈkwɛstə(r)/ for the form questor.

1. Roman Catholic Church. An official appointed to grant indulgences in exchange for gifts of alms to the Church; a pardoner. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > other clergy > [noun] > pardoner

quaestor1372

pardonerc1387

pardonister1402

pardon-monger1570

indulgentiary1577

quaestuary1615

indulgencer1647

pardon-pedlar1653

questman1691

questionary1820

1372 in F. Collins Reg. Freemen York (1897) I. 69 Johannes de Lokton, questour.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) IV. 49 Cherles and pardoneres beeþ i-cleped questores.

a1450 in L. T. Smith York Plays (1885) p. xxvi (MED) Questors [glossed Pardoners].

1506 Thordynarye of Crysten Men (new ed.) iv. xxi. sig. Xii Yf he hath suffred wyttyngly questours to renne thrughe his dyocyse in prechynge false indulgences.

1580 W. Fulke Against Allen 168 Men pay monie to the Pope or his pardoning quæstors, for leaden bulls.

1704 J. Basset Ess. Proposal for Catholick Communion viii. 143 Here is confess'd the Origin of those extravagant Indulgencies above mention'd, and Care taken for removing the grand Abuses, by which those Trading Questors had impos'd upon the People.

1748 tr. P. Lozano True Relation Earthquake Lima i. 85 The great Monastery alone has twenty-four Questors.

1823 J. Lingard Hist. Eng. VI. 125 Ninety-five short theses on the nature of indulgences and the errors of the questors.

1895 Month July 447 The malpractices of the Questors.

1955 Speculum 30 194 The Pardoner—this quaestor—himself a seeker after the false treasure, tells a tale of seekers after Death.

2000 M. Haren Sin & Society xii. 175 Bishop William Bitton..forbade the admission of questors unless they were authorized by the bishop's letters.

2. Roman History (a) Any of a number of officials in charge of public revenue and expenditure, acting as treasurers of state, paymasters of troops, etc. Also figurative. (b) A public prosecutor in certain criminal cases.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > Roman magistrates and officials > [noun] > quaestor

quaestora1387

society > law > legal profession > lawyer > [noun] > state or public law officers > state or public prosecutor

quaestora1387

promoter1485

fiscal1539

actor1598

fisc1732

public prosecutor1750

district attorney1856

Director of Public Prosecutions1879

procurator1917

D.A.1934

D.P.P.1942

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 49 Caton, þe questor, brouȝte hym [sc. Ennius] to Rome. Questor is he þat gadreþ tribut to Rome, and þe domesman was somtyme i-cleped questor.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) v. 3097 (MED) Ther was oon Scilla, callid a questour.

?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Eng. Hist. (1846) I. 183 Which (money) was gathered bie the busshops questor.

1577 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Chron. 80 Adrian was made Questor, that is to say, he had charge to prouide victuals and furniture for the campe.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. iv. 166 Two Questors or Treasurers of the cittie.

1641 S. Marshall et al. Answer Hvmble Remonstr. (1653) §12. 45 Tiberius granted a Questors dignitie unto a Bishop for his eloquence.

1710 D. Manley Mem. Europe I. ii. 195 She caus'd her Son to create him Questor, first Minister, and Favourite, so far as to perform what she wou'd contemptibly call, the Drudgery of State.

1759 E. W. Montagu Anc. Rep. 148 When Aristides was created Quæstor, or high Treasurer of Athens, he fairly laid before the Athenians what immense sums the publick had been robb'd of by their former Treasurers.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xvii. 53 In the course of nine centuries, the office of quæstor had experienced a very singular revolution.

1838 T. Arnold Hist. Rome I. 339 The two quæstors who judged in cases of blood, were also chosen from the patricians.

1850 ‘S. Yendys’ Roman v. 56 I, her [sc. Pity's] quæstor, Claim tribute from you. A few tears will pay it.

1864 G. O. Trevelyan Competition Wallah v. 148 Our modern quæstors are every whit as grasping and venal as the satellites of Verres and Dolabella.

1921 E. L. White Andivius Hedulio i. ix. 139 His son..had been one of the quaestors the year before, and so was now a senator.

1980 Eng. Hist. Rev. 95 542 According to Plutarch, Cicero after acting as a questor in Sicily, discovered to his great surprise from a chance encounter with a friend that influential people had heard nothing of his exploits.

1999 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 2 Dec. 55/2 When Trajan was fighting in Dacia..against King Decebalus, Hadrian was with him as quaestor.

a. An officer of any of various European governments (later also of other governments and of the European Parliament) with responsibility for internal financial and administrative matters.

ΚΠ

1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie x. 47, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) This citie retayneth yet the auntient gouernement of the Romains, for at this instant, they haue their Consuls, Tribunes, Senators, Pretors, Quæstors, [etc.].

1807 Times 28 Aug. 2/5 The list of the Deputies was read by M. Lejeas, the Questor.

1869 N. Amer. Rev. Jan. 299 Paolo Fambri, Questor of the Chamber of Deputies of the Kingdom of Italy.

1896 Daily News 28 Mar. 5/5 There seemed a danger yesterday..that the Questors would be obliged to call in the police.

1920 Times 6 Feb. 11/4 [After a scuffle in the Italian Chamber of Deputies] the quaestors were quite unable to do anything.

1962 tr. Parliaments (Inter-Parl. Union) I. 69 Quaestors..in Europe..are found only in Belgium..in France, Italy and Turkey; outside Europe, in Laos, Syria and the Republic of Vietnam... They deal mainly with the financial aspects of parliamentary problems.

1990 F. Jacobs et al. European Parl. vi. 86 The College of Quaestors was first established by the Parliament in 1977. At first they formed a sub-group of the Bureau, but have been separately and directly elected by the Parliament since direct elections in 1979.

2005 Africa News (Nexis) 11 Mar. The MP for the Ngokentunjia, Hon. Emmanuel Yoyo..has since remained as the SDF designated Questor of the house.

b. In Italy: a commissary of police; = Questore n.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > policeman > head of police force > foreign

commissaire1386

pristav1568

kotwal1582

provost marshal1619

commissary1787

police-master1798

thanadar1802

quaestor1862

ispravnik1886

1862 Times 18 Dec. 4/2 The new Quæstor has just arrived from Bologna, and great changes are said to be contemplated in the personale of the police.

1865 A. Maffei Brigand Life II. 169 The indefatigable questor of Naples..says [etc.].

1922 Times 7 Apr. 11/3 The delegation was met by the questor of Genoa and by other officials.

2005 F. Liebreich Britain's Reaction to Illegal Immigration of Jews to Palestine iv. 76 The local British consul had informed the questor of Bari police of the arrival in Mola of groups of Jews.

4. The chief financial officer of a university, esp. St Andrews University (and formerly others) in Scotland.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > [noun] > one who has charge of or manages money > one who manages public money > specific officials

chamberlain1415

teller1434

under-treasurer1447

treasurer of the king's warsc1450

vice-treasurer1541

chequer-man?1577

Clerk of the Pellsa1603

treasurer at wars1617

fiscal1652

quaestor1673

underteller1694

First Lord of the Treasury1698

Paymaster General1698

melter1758

treasurer1790

First Lord1855

apposer-

1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries 85 This Senate chuses..a Quaestor, who gathers up the University Revenue and Rents [at Heidelberg].

1754 Session Papers 5 Mar. 12 In effect the Quaestor of the Library, Quaestor of the University, Aerarii universitatis quaestor, falls to be deemed as one and the same Thing.

1772 P. Wilson Let. 3 Aug. in W. B. Willcox Papers of Benjamin Franklin (1975) XIX. 228 I shall..deliver the Vollume of the American Transactions to the Questor of our Library.

1853 Putnam's Monthly Mag. Oct. 355/2 The fees are not paid to the professors themselves, but to..the quaestor.

1859 K. G. von Raumer German Universities 160 Receivers or collectors corresponded to the present quæstors.

1920 H. Scott Fasti Ecclesiæ Scoticanæ III. 133/1 He was Quaestor [i.e. collector of revenues] of the Univ. of Glasgow in 1577.

1946 R. G. Cant Univ. St. Andrews 109 [The Senatus]..appointed the common officers, such as the Librarian, the Quaestor, and the Archbeadle.

2005 CTK National News Wire (Nexis) 29 Jan. Vice Chancellor Josef Prusa decided to announce a tender to fill the post of dorm head and questor, responsible for the operation of the university and major investments.

2006 Scotl. on Sunday (Nexis) 9 Apr. 3 The university's quaestor (accountant) and factor..commissioned the green energy proposals.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	quaestor
释义	quaestorn. Brit. /ˈkwiːstə/, /ˈkwiːstɔː/, /ˈkwʌɪstə/, /ˈkwʌɪstɔː/, U.S. /ˈkwɛstər/ Forms: α. Middle English–1500s questour, 1500s questeour (Scottish), Middle English– questor. β. 1500s 1700s quester, 1600s quaester (Scottish). γ. 1500s– quaestor. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin quaestor, questor. Etymology: < classical Latin quaestor (in post-classical Latin also questor) any of a number of officials in charge of public revenue and expenditure, public prosecutor in certain criminal cases, in post-classical Latin also an official appointed to grant indulgences in exchange for gifts of alms to the Church, pardoner (frequently from 13th cent. in British and continental sources) < the stem of quaerere to seek, inquire (see queer v.¹) + -tor (see -or suffix). Compare Middle French, French questeur (1213 in Old French in sense 2, 1455 in sense ‘alms collector’ (compare sense 1), 1775 in sense 3), Italian questore (a1294 in sense 2, 1871 or earlier in sense 3b: compare Questore n.). N.E.D. (1902) gives only the pronunciation (kwī·stǫ̆ɹ) /ˈkwiːstə(r)/ for the form quæstor and (kwe·stǫ̆ɹ, -əɹ) /ˈkwɛstə(r)/ for the form questor. 1. Roman Catholic Church. An official appointed to grant indulgences in exchange for gifts of alms to the Church; a pardoner. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > other clergy > [noun] > pardoner quaestor1372 pardonerc1387 pardonister1402 pardon-monger1570 indulgentiary1577 quaestuary1615 indulgencer1647 pardon-pedlar1653 questman1691 questionary1820 1372 in F. Collins Reg. Freemen York (1897) I. 69 Johannes de Lokton, questour. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) IV. 49 Cherles and pardoneres beeþ i-cleped questores. a1450 in L. T. Smith York Plays (1885) p. xxvi (MED) Questors [glossed Pardoners]. 1506 Thordynarye of Crysten Men (new ed.) iv. xxi. sig. Xii Yf he hath suffred wyttyngly questours to renne thrughe his dyocyse in prechynge false indulgences. 1580 W. Fulke Against Allen 168 Men pay monie to the Pope or his pardoning quæstors, for leaden bulls. 1704 J. Basset Ess. Proposal for Catholick Communion viii. 143 Here is confess'd the Origin of those extravagant Indulgencies above mention'd, and Care taken for removing the grand Abuses, by which those Trading Questors had impos'd upon the People. 1748 tr. P. Lozano True Relation Earthquake Lima i. 85 The great Monastery alone has twenty-four Questors. 1823 J. Lingard Hist. Eng. VI. 125 Ninety-five short theses on the nature of indulgences and the errors of the questors. 1895 Month July 447 The malpractices of the Questors. 1955 Speculum 30 194 The Pardoner—this quaestor—himself a seeker after the false treasure, tells a tale of seekers after Death. 2000 M. Haren Sin & Society xii. 175 Bishop William Bitton..forbade the admission of questors unless they were authorized by the bishop's letters. 2. Roman History (a) Any of a number of officials in charge of public revenue and expenditure, acting as treasurers of state, paymasters of troops, etc. Also figurative. (b) A public prosecutor in certain criminal cases. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > Roman magistrates and officials > [noun] > quaestor quaestora1387 society > law > legal profession > lawyer > [noun] > state or public law officers > state or public prosecutor quaestora1387 promoter1485 fiscal1539 actor1598 fisc1732 public prosecutor1750 district attorney1856 Director of Public Prosecutions1879 procurator1917 D.A.1934 D.P.P.1942 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 49 Caton, þe questor, brouȝte hym [sc. Ennius] to Rome. Questor is he þat gadreþ tribut to Rome, and þe domesman was somtyme i-cleped questor. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) v. 3097 (MED) Ther was oon Scilla, callid a questour. ?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Eng. Hist. (1846) I. 183 Which (money) was gathered bie the busshops questor. 1577 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Chron. 80 Adrian was made Questor, that is to say, he had charge to prouide victuals and furniture for the campe. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. iv. 166 Two Questors or Treasurers of the cittie. 1641 S. Marshall et al. Answer Hvmble Remonstr. (1653) §12. 45 Tiberius granted a Questors dignitie unto a Bishop for his eloquence. 1710 D. Manley Mem. Europe I. ii. 195 She caus'd her Son to create him Questor, first Minister, and Favourite, so far as to perform what she wou'd contemptibly call, the Drudgery of State. 1759 E. W. Montagu Anc. Rep. 148 When Aristides was created Quæstor, or high Treasurer of Athens, he fairly laid before the Athenians what immense sums the publick had been robb'd of by their former Treasurers. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xvii. 53 In the course of nine centuries, the office of quæstor had experienced a very singular revolution. 1838 T. Arnold Hist. Rome I. 339 The two quæstors who judged in cases of blood, were also chosen from the patricians. 1850 ‘S. Yendys’ Roman v. 56 I, her [sc. Pity's] quæstor, Claim tribute from you. A few tears will pay it. 1864 G. O. Trevelyan Competition Wallah v. 148 Our modern quæstors are every whit as grasping and venal as the satellites of Verres and Dolabella. 1921 E. L. White Andivius Hedulio i. ix. 139 His son..had been one of the quaestors the year before, and so was now a senator. 1980 Eng. Hist. Rev. 95 542 According to Plutarch, Cicero after acting as a questor in Sicily, discovered to his great surprise from a chance encounter with a friend that influential people had heard nothing of his exploits. 1999 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 2 Dec. 55/2 When Trajan was fighting in Dacia..against King Decebalus, Hadrian was with him as quaestor. 3. a. An officer of any of various European governments (later also of other governments and of the European Parliament) with responsibility for internal financial and administrative matters. ΚΠ 1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie x. 47, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) This citie retayneth yet the auntient gouernement of the Romains, for at this instant, they haue their Consuls, Tribunes, Senators, Pretors, Quæstors, [etc.]. 1807 Times 28 Aug. 2/5 The list of the Deputies was read by M. Lejeas, the Questor. 1869 N. Amer. Rev. Jan. 299 Paolo Fambri, Questor of the Chamber of Deputies of the Kingdom of Italy. 1896 Daily News 28 Mar. 5/5 There seemed a danger yesterday..that the Questors would be obliged to call in the police. 1920 Times 6 Feb. 11/4 [After a scuffle in the Italian Chamber of Deputies] the quaestors were quite unable to do anything. 1962 tr. Parliaments (Inter-Parl. Union) I. 69 Quaestors..in Europe..are found only in Belgium..in France, Italy and Turkey; outside Europe, in Laos, Syria and the Republic of Vietnam... They deal mainly with the financial aspects of parliamentary problems. 1990 F. Jacobs et al. European Parl. vi. 86 The College of Quaestors was first established by the Parliament in 1977. At first they formed a sub-group of the Bureau, but have been separately and directly elected by the Parliament since direct elections in 1979. 2005 Africa News (Nexis) 11 Mar. The MP for the Ngokentunjia, Hon. Emmanuel Yoyo..has since remained as the SDF designated Questor of the house. b. In Italy: a commissary of police; = Questore n. ΘΚΠ society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > policeman > head of police force > foreign commissaire1386 pristav1568 kotwal1582 provost marshal1619 commissary1787 police-master1798 thanadar1802 quaestor1862 ispravnik1886 1862 Times 18 Dec. 4/2 The new Quæstor has just arrived from Bologna, and great changes are said to be contemplated in the personale of the police. 1865 A. Maffei Brigand Life II. 169 The indefatigable questor of Naples..says [etc.]. 1922 Times 7 Apr. 11/3 The delegation was met by the questor of Genoa and by other officials. 2005 F. Liebreich Britain's Reaction to Illegal Immigration of Jews to Palestine iv. 76 The local British consul had informed the questor of Bari police of the arrival in Mola of groups of Jews. 4. The chief financial officer of a university, esp. St Andrews University (and formerly others) in Scotland. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > [noun] > one who has charge of or manages money > one who manages public money > specific officials chamberlain1415 teller1434 under-treasurer1447 treasurer of the king's warsc1450 vice-treasurer1541 chequer-man?1577 Clerk of the Pellsa1603 treasurer at wars1617 fiscal1652 quaestor1673 underteller1694 First Lord of the Treasury1698 Paymaster General1698 melter1758 treasurer1790 First Lord1855 apposer- 1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries 85 This Senate chuses..a Quaestor, who gathers up the University Revenue and Rents [at Heidelberg]. 1754 Session Papers 5 Mar. 12 In effect the Quaestor of the Library, Quaestor of the University, Aerarii universitatis quaestor, falls to be deemed as one and the same Thing. 1772 P. Wilson Let. 3 Aug. in W. B. Willcox Papers of Benjamin Franklin (1975) XIX. 228 I shall..deliver the Vollume of the American Transactions to the Questor of our Library. 1853 Putnam's Monthly Mag. Oct. 355/2 The fees are not paid to the professors themselves, but to..the quaestor. 1859 K. G. von Raumer German Universities 160 Receivers or collectors corresponded to the present quæstors. 1920 H. Scott Fasti Ecclesiæ Scoticanæ III. 133/1 He was Quaestor [i.e. collector of revenues] of the Univ. of Glasgow in 1577. 1946 R. G. Cant Univ. St. Andrews 109 [The Senatus]..appointed the common officers, such as the Librarian, the Quaestor, and the Archbeadle. 2005 CTK National News Wire (Nexis) 29 Jan. Vice Chancellor Josef Prusa decided to announce a tender to fill the post of dorm head and questor, responsible for the operation of the university and major investments. 2006 Scotl. on Sunday (Nexis) 9 Apr. 3 The university's quaestor (accountant) and factor..commissioned the green energy proposals. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1372
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