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单词 quadriga
释义

quadrigan.

Brit. /kwɒˈdriːɡə/, /kwəˈdriːɡə/, /kwɒˈdrʌɪɡə/, /kwəˈdrʌɪɡə/, U.S. /kwɑˈdraɪɡə/
Inflections: Plural quadrigae, quadrigas.
Forms: 1600s quadrigi (plural), 1600s– quadriga.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin quadrīga.
Etymology: < classical Latin quadrīga chariot drawn by four horses harnessed abreast, singular form formed after quadrīgae (plural), contraction of quadriiugae (only recorded in grammarians), use as noun (short for quadriiugae equae mares harnessed four abreast) of feminine plural of quadriiugus (of a chariot) drawn by four horses, (of a race) involving four-horse chariots < quadri- quadri- comb. form + iugum yoke (see jugum n.). In sense 2 apparently after French quadriga (1685 in the passage translated in quot. 1706). Compare French quadrige chariot drawn by four horses harnessed abreast (1624), Italian quadriga (1532). Compare earlier quathrigan n., and also biga n.In plural form quadrigi in quot. 1695 at sense 1 after the plural of Latin masculine nouns in -us, probably by association with the gender of classical Latin denarius.
1. A chariot drawn by four horses harnessed abreast; esp. a representation of this in sculpture, on coins, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > representation in art > [noun] > an artistic representation > others
quathriganc1175
starc1384
yoke1415
sheafc1420
arrow1548
thunder-dart1569
memento mori1598
quadriga1600
Triton1601
anchor1621
chimera1634
forest-work1647
Bacchanaliaa1680
Bacchanal1753
subject1781
harp1785
mask1790
arrowhead1808
gorgoneion1842
Amazonomachia1845
Amazonomachy1893
mythograph1893
physicomorph1895
horns of consecration1901
double image1939
motion study1977
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > carriage for conveying persons > [noun] > types of carriage > chariot > four-horse
quathriganc1175
quadriga1600
1600 P. Holland in tr. Livy Rom. Hist. sig. Ecccccv v The Denari Romani, having the stampe of a chariot drawn with foure horses, called Quadriga.
1695 J. Evelyn Diary (1952) 180 The stamp of the Roman denarius varied, having sometimes..a chariot and two horses, which were called bigi; if with four quadrigi.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) On the Reverse of Medals we frequently see Victory, or the Emperor, in a Quadriga, holding the Reins of the Horses.
1789 R. P. Jodrell Illustr. Euripides (new ed.) Alcestis 182 The Poet in his Hercules corresponds again in this account, for the original expression there implies the quadriga.
1850 J. Leitch tr. K. O. Müller Ancient Art (new ed.) 452 Apollo..guides a quadriga, in which he is carrying off a lofty and noble female form.
1901 Archaeol. Jrnl. Sept. 284 The sun, nimbated, with flying drapery, drives a quadriga.
1994 Coin News May 39/1 The reverse, minus the exergual legend, which depicts a winged Victory crowning a charioteer driving a quadriga, is one characteristic of the coins of Sicily in the 5th century.
2. Medicine. A long, narrow, two-headed bandage for the chest. Now disused.
ΚΠ
1706 tr. L. Verduc Manner curing Fractures xxiv. 111 in tr. A. Belloste Hosp. Surgeon (ed. 2) The Patient must lie still as long as ever he can, and the Bandage must be the Quadriga.
1743 tr. L. Heister Gen. Syst. Surg. II. iii. 312 The Generality of Surgeons make use of a peculiar and stronger Bandage for this purpose, which they call the Quadriga or Cataphracta.
1775 G. Motherby New Med. Dict. Quadriga, a bandage for the sternum and ribs. It is twenty-four feet long, three or four fingers broad, with two heads..The middle is placed on one side of the body, the two heads are carried so as to intersect on the opposite shoulder, they are brought back to where they begin, and then pass circularly round the body.
1867 P. S. Wales Mech. i. viii. 181 A firmer quadriga may be made with a double-headed roller wound in two unequal cylinders.
1901 L. H. Grau & W. N. Sullivan tr. F. von Esmarch & E. Kowalzig Surg. Technic 80 A similar bandage, formerly much used,..the quadriga,..is applied with a double-headed bandage.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.1600
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