pékinn.

Brit.

/ˌpɛˈkã/,

/ˈpeɪkã/,

/ˌpiːˈkɪn/, U.S.

/ˌpeɪˈkæn/,

/ˌpiˈkɪn/

Forms: 1800s– pekin, 1800s– pékin, 1800s– pequin.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French pékin, péquin.

Etymology: < French pékin (1837 or earlier; 1799 as péquin), probably use as noun of Occitan pequin puny, sickly < the same base as Spanish pequeño , Portuguese pequeno small (see piccaninny n. and adj.). See further Trésor de la langue française at Pékin² and Französisches etymol. Wörterbuch at *pekk-.The French spelling pékin is after the homonym pékin a kind of silk (see Peking n. 1) or its etymon, the French name of the capital city of China. An etymological connection between these words was formerly often assumed, but is now generally rejected; it was partly based on a doubtful earlier attestation of the French word.

Military slang (depreciative). Now rare and historical.

A civilian. (Esp. in representations of the language of French soldiers.)

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > peace > civilian life > [noun] > a civilian

gownsman1612

citizena1616

mohair1785

civilian1794

pékin1827

cit1833

mufti1833

non-militant1840

civvy1915

shore-loafer1916

1827 W. Scott Life Napoleon III. ii. 70 These professional troops..were quite ready to correct the insolence of the pekins.

1840 Fraser's Mag. Dec. 669/2 Then do the pekins and calicots—Anglice ‘snobs’—pour their myriads into the Régence.

1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair lv. 496 He was, perhaps, discontented at being put in communication with a pékin, and thought that Lord Steyne should have sent him a Colonel at the very least.

1870 Spectator 19 Nov. 1371 Study was actually discouraged as fit only for pékins, and diplomatists often knew little more than soldiers.

1899 Speaker 16 Sept. 282/2 The pékin, even when he sits in the Court of Cassation, is treated with contempt.

1927–9 H. Wheeler Waverley Children's Dict. V. 3180/1 Pekin, a silk or satin fabric; a civilian.

1995 H. G. Brown War, Revolution, & Bureaucratic State viii. 222 These generals..used this freedom from the meddling of Parisian pékins to build clienteles amongst the officer corps.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pékin
释义	pékinn. Brit. /ˌpɛˈkã/, /ˈpeɪkã/, /ˌpiːˈkɪn/, U.S. /ˌpeɪˈkæn/, /ˌpiˈkɪn/ Forms: 1800s– pekin, 1800s– pékin, 1800s– pequin. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French pékin, péquin. Etymology: < French pékin (1837 or earlier; 1799 as péquin), probably use as noun of Occitan pequin puny, sickly < the same base as Spanish pequeño , Portuguese pequeno small (see piccaninny n. and adj.). See further Trésor de la langue française at Pékin² and Französisches etymol. Wörterbuch at *pekk-.The French spelling pékin is after the homonym pékin a kind of silk (see Peking n. 1) or its etymon, the French name of the capital city of China. An etymological connection between these words was formerly often assumed, but is now generally rejected; it was partly based on a doubtful earlier attestation of the French word. Military slang (depreciative). Now rare and historical. A civilian. (Esp. in representations of the language of French soldiers.) ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > peace > civilian life > [noun] > a civilian gownsman1612 citizena1616 mohair1785 civilian1794 pékin1827 cit1833 mufti1833 non-militant1840 civvy1915 shore-loafer1916 1827 W. Scott Life Napoleon III. ii. 70 These professional troops..were quite ready to correct the insolence of the pekins. 1840 Fraser's Mag. Dec. 669/2 Then do the pekins and calicots—Anglice ‘snobs’—pour their myriads into the Régence. 1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair lv. 496 He was, perhaps, discontented at being put in communication with a pékin, and thought that Lord Steyne should have sent him a Colonel at the very least. 1870 Spectator 19 Nov. 1371 Study was actually discouraged as fit only for pékins, and diplomatists often knew little more than soldiers. 1899 Speaker 16 Sept. 282/2 The pékin, even when he sits in the Court of Cassation, is treated with contempt. 1927–9 H. Wheeler Waverley Children's Dict. V. 3180/1 Pekin, a silk or satin fabric; a civilian. 1995 H. G. Brown War, Revolution, & Bureaucratic State viii. 222 These generals..used this freedom from the meddling of Parisian pékins to build clienteles amongst the officer corps. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1827
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