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单词 queen
释义

queenn.

Brit. /kwiːn/, U.S. /kwin/
Forms:

α. Old English coen (Northumbrian, rare), Old English cuoen (Northumbrian), Old English cwæn, Old English cwenn (rare), Old English cwoen (Anglian), Old English kquen (rare), Old English–early Middle English cuen, Old English–early Middle English cwen, Old English (rare)–1500s quen, early Middle English cuwene (perhaps transmission error), early Middle English cwean, early Middle English cweane, early Middle English cwein, early Middle English cwene, early Middle English kwene, Middle English kuen, Middle English kuene, Middle English queyn, Middle English queyne, Middle English quuen, Middle English quyene, Middle English qween, Middle English qweene, Middle English qwenne, Middle English qweyn, Middle English qweyne, Middle English–1500s quiene, Middle English–1500s quyne, Middle English–1500s qvene, Middle English–1500s qwen, Middle English–1500s qwene, Middle English–1500s qwyn, Middle English–1600s queene, Middle English–1600s quene, Middle English– queen, 1500s quenne, 1500s quewne, 1500s quyn, 1500s qwuen, 1500s qwyen, 1500s qwyne, 1800s quane (Irish English), 1800s– quean (English regional (Cornwall), in sense 10b), 1800s– qwean (English regional (Cornwall), in sense 10b); Scottish pre-1700 quean, pre-1700 queene, pre-1700 quein, pre-1700 queine, pre-1700 quen, pre-1700 quene, pre-1700 quenn- (inflected form), pre-1700 queyn, pre-1700 queyne, pre-1700 quin, pre-1700 quine, pre-1700 quyn, pre-1700 quyne, pre-1700 qween, pre-1700 qwein, pre-1700 qwen, pre-1700 qwene, pre-1700 qwene, pre-1700 qweyn, pre-1700 qweyne, pre-1700 qwin, pre-1700 wene, pre-1700 1700s– queen.

β. Middle English whene (north-west midlands and northern), late Middle English qwhene (chiefly north-west midlands and northern), late Middle English wheene (northern), 1600s wheen (English regional (northern)); Scottish pre-1700 quhein, pre-1700 quhen, pre-1700 quhene, pre-1700 quheyn, pre-1700 quheyne, 1800s– wheen (Shetland).

Also with capital initial.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Old Saxon quān wife, Old Icelandic kván wife, (in poetry) queen (also as kvæn ), Gothic qens woman < an ablaut variant (lengthened grade) of the Indo-European base of quean n.; compare Sanskrit jāni wife.In Old English a strong feminine, the reflex of the genitive singular of which (Old English cwēne ) occasionally survives into early Middle English (compare quene in quot. c1325 at sense 2), although levelling of the genitive singular in -es is found as early as the first half of the 12th cent. (compare quot. lOE2 at sense 2). With Queen and Country at sense 3b compare slightly earlier King and Country at king n. 1d. With sense 6a compare heaven queen n. and parallels cited at that entry; compare also post-classical Latin regina (6th cent. in this sense), Old French reine (12th cent. in this sense: see rennet n.2), Old High German kuningin the Virgin Mary, lit. ‘queen’ (Middle High German küniginne , German Königin ). With sense 6e perhaps compare quean n. With sense 7b(a) compare post-classical Latin regina coeli the moon (Vulgate). With sense 8a compare Middle French royne , variant of reine (1347 in this sense), post-classical Latin regina (14th cent. in this sense in the Latin version of the same source), Middle High German küniginne (13th cent. in this sense). Compare earlier fers n. With sense 8b compare Middle French royne , variant of reine (c1514 in this sense). In sense 13 perhaps originally a variant of quean n. (see sense 3 at that entry), by association with this word, although compare the earlier quot. 1893 at sense 13.
I. Senses referring to a woman.
†1. A woman, esp. a noblewoman; a wife, esp. of an important man. Obsolete. rare.Even in Old English, cwēn is not the usual term for ‘woman’ or ‘wife’; it is used in this sense only in poetry.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > [noun] > noble person or man > noblewoman
queenOE
gentlewomanc1225
noblewoman?c1225
OE Riddle 80 3 Cwen mec hwilum hwitloccedu hond on legeð, eorles dohtor, þeah hio æþelu sy.
OE Genesis A (1931) 2261 Ða wearð unbliðe Abrahames cwen.
OE Exodus 512 Egyptum wearð..deop lean gesceod, forðam þæs heriges ham eft ne com..ænig to lafe, þætte sið heoro [read heora] secgan moste,..hordwearda hryre, hæleða cwenum.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 519 He sculde beon anhongen..buten heo..ȝeue heom al his aȝte..& his dohter Ignogen heore duc to quene.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12333 Alle þa quene [c1300 Otho cweanes] þe icumen weoren þere. and alle þa lafdies leoneden ȝeond walles.
2. The wife or consort of a king. Frequently with the, as a title.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > royalty > [noun] > royal person(s) > queen > of a king
queeneOE
Queen Consort1665
eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) xliv. 11 (10) Adstitit regina a dextris tuis, in uestitu deaurato circumamicta uarietate : ætstod cwoen to swiðran ðire in gegerelan bigyldum ymbswapen misenlicnisse.
OE tr. Orosius Hist. (Tiber.) (1980) i. ii. 22 Æfter his deaðe Sameramis his cwen [L. uxor] fengc..to þæm rice.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1048 Þa forlet se cyng þa hlæfdian seo wæs gehalgod him to cwene.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1123 Ða hwile þet se ærcebiscop wæs ut of lande, geaf se kyng ðone biscoprice of Baðe þes cwenes canceler, Godefreið wæs gehaten.
?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1140 Þa com þe kinges cuen m[id a]l hire strengthe & besæt heom.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 22 Ælienor, þe wes Henries quene.
c1300 (c1250) Floris & Blauncheflur (Cambr.) (1966) l. 264 Ne bu his wif neure so schene, Bute o ȝer ne schal heo beon his Quene.
c1300 Holy Cross (Laud) 41 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 2 Bi-fore þe quyene huy come.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 608 Þe quene fader, corineus, was ded.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 443 (MED) Þe quene, his wyf, bare hym fyve sones.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 2492 (MED) Þe kyng kyssez þe knyȝt, & þe whene alce.
c1450 Mandeville's Trav. (Coventry) (1973) 728 (MED) Of alle this londe thou sholdist bene Lorde and kinge, and I thi quene.
a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 1197 I was sente unto my lady, youre quyne, I wote nat for what cause.
1505 F. Marsin et al. Rep. Ferdinand of Arragon in J. Gairdner Historia Regis Henrici Septimi (1858) 248 Hit was saied that bothe the Kynge and the Quyn wold come by the see.
1505 F. Marsin et al. Rep. Ferdinand of Arragon in J. Gairdner Historia Regis Henrici Septimi (1858) 249 In the liffe of the quyne.
c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 3163 Menelai wife..The grettist of grese and a gai qwhene.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lxvv He made greate purueighance of all thynges necessary for the coronacion of his Quene.
1562 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 32 Dew obedience..to kingis, quenis, princes, and prelatis.
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream ii. i. 19 The king doth keepe his Reuels here to night. Take heede the Queene come not within his sight. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iii. ii. 12 Hermione, Queene to the worthy Leontes, King of Sicilia. View more context for this quotation
c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1851) II. 86 He, with his Quene..wes bankettit.., and thairefter propynit with 20,000 lib. sterling in ane fair coup of gold.
1750 J. Mayhew Disc. Submission 49 His queen was extremely bigotted to all the follies and superstitions, and to the hierarchy of Rome.
1779 S. Johnson Cowley in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets I. 11 He..was employed..in ciphering and deciphering the letters that passed between the king and queen.
1816 D. P. Campbell Poems (new ed.) 9 My heart, my realms, are all thine own; Their empress thou shalt reign! Thy queen! base tyrant! know this heart Will sooner ev'ry torture bear!
1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in Idylls of King 211 As Arthur's Queen I move and rule.
1875 W. McIlwraith Guide Wigtownshire 54 James III granted to his Queen the whole Lordship of Galloway.
1911 G. M. Trevelyan Garibaldi & Making of Italy vii. 165 On the same evening the last of the Bourbons and his queen were leaving the Palace of Naples by the water-gate and taking ship for Gaeta.
1978 A. S. Byatt Virgin in Garden Prol. 11 A portrait of the late King, his Queen, and two princesses in vermilion lipstick, drooping skirts and sling-back shoes.
2000 A. Ghosh Glass Palace (2001) xvi. 204 A garage to accommodate the two cars that had recently been provided for the King and Queen.
3.
a. A female ruler of an independent state, people, etc., esp. one who inherits the position by right of birth; a female sovereign. Frequently with the, as a title.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > queen > [noun]
queeneOE
ladyOE
princess?a1425
regine?a1513
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > royalty > [noun] > royal person(s) > queen
queeneOE
princess?a1425
regine?a1513
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) i. x. 30 Hi mon hæt on Crecisc Amazasanas [read Amazanas], þæt is on Englisc fortende. Heora twa wæron heora cwena, Marsepia & Lampida wæron hatene.
OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xl. 339 Sum cwen wæs on ðam dagum on suðdæle, Saba gehaten.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 1871 Hit was swuþe mouchel scome & ec swiþe muchel grame þat scholde a quene [c1300 Otho cwene] beon king in þisse londe.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 2662 Þanne þat comliche quen curteyseliche seide, ‘lordinges, ȝe ben my lege men, [etc.]’.
a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) l. 4461 (MED) A qwene..haldes þam in.
a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) l. 3578 (MED) Ouere hem þei haue a quene Þat kepeþ hem as quene shulde do And holdeþ hem in pees and rest also.
a1500 (?c1425) Speculum Sacerdotale (1936) 174 (MED) And that tyme there was in Spayne a queene namyd Lupie after it.
1565 Act 8 Eliz. c. 11 §1 The Disfurniture of Service to be done to the Queen's Majesty.
1592 Rastell's Expos. Termes Lawes (new ed.) f. 196v/2 Warren is a place priuiledged by prescription or graunt of the Queene for the preseruation of hares, conies, partriges and feasantes or anie of them.
1603 King James VI & I in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. III. 65 To do that and all other honnor that we may unto the Queene defunct.
1675 in J. H. Trumbull Public Rec. Colony Connecticut (1852) II. 403 They say the Indyans are scattered; the two sachems Suikquens, Nononanto, & ye Queene beeing neere ye Nipmug Country.
1679 W. Howell Medulla Hist. Angl. 396 That the Queen to have put the lady Elizabeth besides the Crown, would have mothered another bodies Child; but King Philip scorn'd to Father it.
1710 J. Swift Let. 19 Oct. (1768) IV. 62 My memorial which was given to the queen.
1713 R. Steele Englishman No. 54. 344 Sir Francis Walsingham was..high in the Queen's Favour.
1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xxv. 542 The proud conqueror..led away captive an unfortunate queen; who..had been the destined bride of the son of Constantine.
1838 Office Coronation Queen Victoria in W. Maskell Monumenta Ritualia Ecclesiae Anglicanae (1882) III. 115 Then the Orb with the Cross is brought from the Altar by the Dean of Westminster, and delivered into the Queen's Right Hand by the Archbishop.
1896 R. Kipling Seven Seas 49 We've drunk to the Queen... We've drunk to our mothers' land.
1901 Q. Rev. Apr. 325 The Queen had an extreme respect for tenue in all its forms.
1919 Outing Mar. 312/2 In 1540 the Spanish explorer, De Soto, came to an Indian town on the lower Savannah that was governed by a woman chief or ‘queen’.
1960 Guardian 14 Oct. 12/5 Natalians are subjects of the Queen.
2005 Daily Tel. 15 Nov. 18/5 Rabuka staged the first of his two coups, resulting in the Queen's removal as head of state and Fiji being expelled from the Commonwealth.
b. Queen and Country: a female sovereign and her people, considered together as objects of patriotic allegiance. Cf. King and Country at king n. 1d.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social attitudes > patriotism > [noun] > objects of allegiance
King and Country1563
Queen and Country1572
1572 Treat. Treasons against Q. Elizabeth ii. f. 96 These now being the profites and frutes that your Queene and Countrey haue reaped and gathered of this Tree of mutation.
1603 T. Bell Anat. Popish Tyrannie sig. B4 They tell vs they will take part with our Queene and countrie, against the Pope and king of Spaine.
1653 J. Ford Queen i. sig. B2 Now the sword of Law Must cut the vein that swell'd with such a frensy Of dangerous blood against your Queen and Country.
a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Devon 261 Cock was the onely man of note of the English, who fighting a Volanteer in his own ship, lost his life to save his Queen and Countrey.
1706 G. Farquhar Recruiting Officer v. vi. 72 I endeavour by the Example of this worthy Gentleman to serve my Queen and Country at home.
1791 J. West Edmund Ironside i. iv, in Misc. Poems 145 As oft I grasp'd his arm And begg'd him for his Queen and Country's sake To deign to live.
1861 C. M. Yonge Young Step-mother xxix. 443 His son got his death fighting for his queen and his country.
1881 D. M. M. Craik Children's Poetry 32 But am I not grandfather's sword to get, And fight for my queen and country yet?
1900 Times 2 Apr. 7/1 It was a keen joy..to be allowed to fight for his Queen and country.
1966 J. Gardner Amber Nine i. 28 Anyway, got to go. Queen-and-Country as my lovable boss would say.
2001 Navy News Sept. 6/5 Any man or woman who has had to face the real possibility of dying for Queen and Country..should be entitled to due recognition from those he is employed to defend.
c. Law. Frequently with the. The prosecution acting on behalf of a reigning queen in criminal proceedings. Cf. Regina n.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > accusation, allegation, or indictment > [noun] > one who accuses of crime > the prosecution
Reg.1622
king1675
queen1713
Reginaa1715
rexa1715
crown1725
prosecution1746
state1783
people1801
a1689 W. Watson Clergy-man's Law (1701) iii. 9 He may qualifie Chaplains..to hold two Benefices with Cure..as if he was of full Age, Pasch. 44 Eliz. the Queen v. Bishop of Salisbury, &c.]
1713 Mod. Cases Queen's-Bench 97 Vide last Term, Queen versus Chafey.
1793 J. Hullock Law of Costs vi. i. §392 In the case of the Queen v. Collins..a motion was made for costs for not going on to trial.
1838 Times 12 Jan. 7/4 The Queen against the Justices of the Borough of Chichester, in the county of Sussex.
1915 E. C. Stowell Diplomacy War 1914 (1916) ix. 452 Extracts from this remarkable case, Queen v. Dudley and Stephens, will be found among the Documents.
2002 N.Z. Herald (Nexis) 18 Dec. The proposed law would also overturn a 1999 Appeal Court ruling (the Queen versus Aranui).
d. British. With the and capital initial: the national anthem as addressed to a female sovereign; ‘God save the Queen’. Now somewhat formal.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > types of song > [noun] > national or patriotic song
Rule Britanniac1745
anthem1753
Yankee Doodle1768
Marseillaise hymn1794
national anthem1804
star-spangled banner1814
queen1898
Volkslied1898
Hatikvah1905
king1932
Horst Wessel song1937
1898 J. D. Brayshaw Slum Silhouettes 37 The curtain fell at last, and the band struck up the ‘Queen’.
1916 M. Diver Desmond's Daughter iv. iv. 341 They're playing ‘The Queen’. I must be on the spot to say good-bye to people.
1965 ‘W. Haggard’ Powder Barrel ix. 86 The police band..crashed into The Queen in time in a formal way.
1970 Daily Tel. 18 Aug. 13/7 Wherever the Prince was present at a function organised by the association three anthems were played—the Queen, ‘Land of My Fathers’ and ‘God Bless the Prince of Wales’.
4. Used as a title placed immediately before (and in Old English also immediately after) the personal name of a female sovereign or the consort of a king. Also with the (now archaic and rare).
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > queen > [noun] > consort
queeneOE
queen-consort1818
eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 888 Ęþelswiþ cuen, sio wæs Ęlfredes sweostor cyninges, forþferde.
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) i. x. 30 Þær wearð Marsepia sio cwen ofslagen.
OE Homily: Invention of Cross (Auct. F.4.32) in M.-C. Bodden Old Eng. Finding of True Cross 85 Þa bebead seo cwen Elena þæt hine man name & sette on ænne diopne seað buton æte & buton wæte.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1100 Se cyng genam Mahalde him to wife, Malcolmes cynges dohter of Scotlande & Margareta þære goda cwæne.
c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl.) (1981) 571 (MED) Þe cwen Auguste longede forte seo þis meiden.
c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 868 Theseus..wedded the queene Ypolita.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 74 Whene Guenore ful gay, grayþed in þe myddes.
a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 510 Sir Gawayne knew the damesell, that she was longynge to quyne Morgan le Fay.
c1470 tr. R. D'Argenteuil's French Bible (Cleveland) (1977) 50 (MED) Thei wer delyuered out by the mekenes of the good quene Hester..whom weddid a Sarazine prince.
1511 Pylgrymage Richarde Guylforde (Pynson) f. ijv Lasheles where lyeth Quene Elyanour of Englonde.
1572 Memorial in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 23 Young Quein Marie.
1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 238 At which time Queen Anne his wife fell sicke of a rotten feuer.
1660 J. Howell Θηρολογια 2 Queen Morphandra..useth to make Nature her self not only succumbent and passive to her desires, but [etc.].
1712 in W. W. Wilkins Polit. Ball. (1860) II. 121 You for your bonfires mawkins dress'd On good Queen Bess's day.
1782 J. H. St. J. de Crèvecoeur Lett. from Amer. Farmer 177 I knew that he had been honoured with that [correspondence] of Queen Ulrica of Sweden.
1847 W. Wordsworth Ode Install. Prince Albert (ad fin.) The pride of the islands, Victoria the Queen.
1894 Daily News 4 Jan. 4/7 Some huge pile of building, generally much more Queen Anne-ish than the houses of Queen Anne's own time.
1931 Catholic Gaz. Feb. 71/2 The story—old, even apocryphal, it may be, but certainly typical and pointful—of Queen Victoria.
1990 Daily Tel. 4 Aug. (Colour Suppl.) 14 He dresses Sally Aga Khan, Queen Noor of Jordan, Elizabeth Taylor, Mrs Reagan, the Duchess of Marlborough, Vivien Duffield and a beaded clutch of veiled Arab princesses.
5.
a. With specification of the people, country, etc., ruled over by a queen or by the king to whom she is consort, as Queen of Scots, Queen of France, etc.
ΚΠ
OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xii. 42 Regina austri surget in iudicio cum generatione ista : cuen suðdæles arises uel aras in dom mið cneorisso ðas uel ðys.
?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1140 Te cuen of France todælde fra þe king, & scæ com to þe iunge eorl Henri, & he toc hire to wiue.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 2281 He þohte to habben Delgan to quene of Dene-marke.
c1300 St. Kenelm (Harl.) 201 in F. J. Furnivall Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 53 Quendride, his liþere soster..aboute heo wende..Forto seisi al þe lond & þe maners echon, And makede hir quene of al þe March.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 296 Hu mait ben Adam ben king and eue quuen Of alle ðe ðinge in werlde ben?
c1390 G. Chaucer Man of Law's Tale 161 I..wolde she were of al Europe the queene.
a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 4463 Þe qwene [v.r. wheene] of Amazons.
c1447 Queen Margaret To King in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) I. Introd. p. lxiii (MED) In the whiche Vniuersite is no collage founded by eny Quene of Englond hidertoward.
a1500 (a1450) Generides (Trin. Cambr.) 17 His doughter quene of Inde.
1562 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 2 The maist excellent and gracius Souerane, Marie Quene of Scottis.
1586 J. Ferne Blazon of Gentrie 221 Tomyris, Queene of Scythia.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iii. vi. 11 He..made her Of lower Syria, Cyprus, Lydia, absolute Queene . View more context for this quotation
1677 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. III iii. 139 Zenobia Queen of Arabia and Dame of Antioch.
1712 A. Pope Rape of Locke i, in Misc. Poems 359 This speaks the Glory of the British Queen.
1804 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. III. 243 Her majesty, or her successors, kings or queens of the realm.
1904 W. H. Wilkins (title) Queen of Tears: Caroline Matilda Queen of Denmark and Norway and Princess of Great Britain and Ireland.
1994 Guardian 7 Feb. ii. 4/4 The Queen of Sheba went to pay homage to King Solomon accompanied by a dazzling entourage and piles of pressies.
b. Queen of Spain n. (in full Queen of Spain fritillary) a migratory fritillary butterfly, Issoria lathonia, widely distributed in mainland Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Rhopalocera (butterflies) > [noun] > family Nymphalidae > subfamily Ithomiinae > genus Argynnis > argynnis lathonia (queen of Spain fritillary)
Queen of Spain1775
1775 M. Harris Eng. Lepidoptera 3 Fritillaria, Queen of Spain... Orange brown spotted with black.
1829 Young Lady's Bk. 169 The wings of Argynnis Lathonia (Queen of Spain Fritillary) are indented, yellowish, with black spots, and thirty-seven silvery spots underneath.
1866 R. D. Blackmore Cradock Nowell xxx If by the ‘Queen of Spain’ you mean that common brown little butterfly.
1906 R. South Butterflies Brit. Isles 91 The Queen of Spain Fritillary... This butterfly is not unlike a small example of the Silver-washed Fritillary.
1989 R. F. Bretherton in A. M. Emmet & J. Heath Moths & Butterflies of Great Brit. & Ireland VII. i. 224/2 It is not heard of again until Harris..included it in The Aurelian's Pocket Companion as the Queen of Spain Fritillary but without giving any explanation for the name.
6. Applied to a female whose authority or pre-eminence is comparable to that of a queen.
a. The Virgin Mary. Frequently in Queen of glory, Queen of grace, Queen of heaven, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > Mary > [noun]
ladyOE
queenOE
MaryOE
St MaryOE
starOE
Our LadylOE
lemana1225
maidena1225
maid Marya1225
heaven queenc1225
mothera1275
maiden Maryc1300
Star of the Seac1300
advocatrixc1390
mother-maidc1390
flower, gem, etc., of virginitya1393
the Virgina1393
mediatricea1400
paramoura1400
salver14..
advocatrice?a1430
Mother of God?a1430
way of indulgence?a1430
advocatessc1450
mother-maidenc1450
rose of Jerichoa1456
mediatrixc1475
viergec1475
addresseressa1492
fleur-de-lis?a1513
rosine?a1513
salvatrice?a1513
saviouress1563
mediatressa1602
advocatress1616
Christotokos1625
Deipara1664
V.M.1670
Madonnaa1684
the Virgin Mother1720
Panagia1776
Mater Dolorosa1800
B.V.M.1838
dispensatrixa1864
Theotokos1874
dispensatress1896
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > titles applied to royalty > for a queen
queenOE
OE Crist I 276 Eala þu mæra [perh. read mære] middangeardes seo clæneste cwen ofer eorþan þara þe gewurde to widan feore.
OE Blickling Homilies 105 Þa ealra fæmnena cwen cende þone soþan scyppend.
lOE tr. R. d'Escures Sermo in Festis Sancte Marie Virginis in R. D.-N. Warner Early Eng. Homilies (1917) 138 Eala hwu mycel swotnysse wæs mid þære eadige cwen, þa þa se Halge Gast on hire becom.
c1200 Serm. in Eng. & Germanic Stud. (1961) 7 63 Ure drictin ure ikunde nam in þe heuenliche quen.
a1275 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 25 (MED) Of alle þou berest þat pris, heie quen in parais.
a1350 in K. Böddeker Altengl. Dichtungen (1878) 201 (MED) Iesu, þe quene þat by þe stod, of loue teres heo weop a flod.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 1741 (MED) Bi marie, sire..þe milde quen of heuene.
?a1430 T. Hoccleve Mother of God l. 2 in Minor Poems (1970) i. 52 O blisful queene, of queenes Emperice!
c1480 (a1400) St. Alexis 26 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 442 Þat he in weding borne was of mary, þe quene of grace.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) i. l. 261 Quhen scho him saw scho thankit hewynnis queyn.
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 84 Hale, qwene serene, hale, most amene.
1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies vii. xxvii. 582 The favour which the Queene of glorie did to our men.
1736 W. Thompson Nativity iv. 2 The strawy bed Where Mary, queen of Heaven, in humbless lay.
1798 S. T. Coleridge Anc. Marinere v, in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 26 To Mary-queen the praise be yeven.
1842 I. Taylor Anc. Christianity II. 169 Our Queen, though she be the queen of heaven as well as of earth..is still only a glorious creature.
1892 E. Lawless Grania II. viii. 151 Och, Mary Queen of Heaven, but that was a hubbuboo!
1990 Smithsonian Jan. 63/2 The empress Theodora, who stands in state on the wall of San Vitale wearing a jeweled crown that was to be the model for the crown of Mary, Queen of Heaven.
b. Any of the goddesses of ancient religions or mythologies. Frequently in queen of heaven, queen of love, queen of marriage, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun] > goddess
queena1382
goddessa1387
dewessa1400
deessc1550
petty goddess1581
Devi1842
mata1887
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1969) Jer. vii. 18 Þei make swete cakis to þe qween of heuene & sacrifien to alien godis.
a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) 13 (MED) Flora, the noble myghty quene, The soyl hath clad in newe tendre grene.
c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame 1512 Proserpyne..quene ys of the derke pyne.
1508 W. Dunbar Goldyn Targe (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems (1998) I. 186 Thare saw I Nature and Venus, quene.
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 164 Haill, princes Natur, haill, Venus, luvis quene.
1594 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis (new ed.) sig. Cij Poor Queene of loue, in thine own law forlorne.
1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles vii. 28 By Iuno (that is Queene of mariage). View more context for this quotation
1645 J. Milton On Christ's Nativity: Hymn xxii, in Poems 10 Mooned Ashtaroth, Heav'ns Queen and Mother both.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis viii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 461 Her Country Gods, the Monsters of the Sky, Great Neptune, Pallas, and Love's Queen, defy.
1718 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad IV. xiv. 245 The Queen of Love..from her fragrant Breast the Zone unbrac'd.
1809 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1810) 13 328 O Venus, Queen of Drury Lane.
1818 P. B. Shelley Homer's Hymn to Venus 13 Diana, golden-shafted queen.
1878 T. Hardy Return of Native II. ii. vi. 17 When the disguised Queen of Love appeared before Aeneas a preternatural perfume accompanied her presence and betrayed her quality.
1952 J. Kirkup & J. Shaw tr. P. Christian Hist. Pract. Magic I. iv. 272 The rustic festivities which celebrated in times gone by the goddess Ceres queen of the corn and Bacchus the god of wine, her husband.
1990 D. Stein Casting Circle iv. 79 Ancient queen of wisdom, Hecate, Hecate, Old one come to us.
c. A fine and honourable woman; a woman surpassing all others in rank or excellence. Chiefly used as a term of endearment and respect.
ΚΠ
c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 2775 Allas, myn hertes queene, alas my wyf!
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. 2703 (MED) My souereyn hertis quene..Hath her my trouþe.
a1500 (c1370) G. Chaucer Complaint to his Lady 54 This hevy lif I lede for your sake..My hertes lady, and hool my lyves quene!
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. iii. 38 O Queene of queenes, how farre doost thou excell, No thought can thinke. View more context for this quotation
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. i. 12 I would not change this hue, Except to steale your thoughts my gentle Queene . View more context for this quotation
1865 J. Ruskin Sesame & Lilies ii. 184 Queens you must always be; queens to your lovers; queens to your husbands and your sons.
1915 W. Cather Song of Lark i. xix. 149 Always look after that girl, doc. She's a queen!
1991 S. Cisneros Woman Hollering Creek 136 And now if I dissolve my tears in dissipation, know, my queen, only you are to blame. My fragile heart will never be the same.
d. A woman pre-eminent in a given group, sphere, or activity; (also) a mock sovereign on a festive occasion.Queen of the May: see May n.2 Phrases 2, May Queen n. See also beauty queen n., Queen of the Bean n. at bean n. 6c.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > pre-eminence > [noun] > supreme object in a class or group
kingc1425
mistressc1425
queen1488
society > authority > [noun] > those in authority > person in authority > person in supreme authority > in sphere or class
kingOE
queen1488
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > honour > [noun] > precedence > one who takes precedence > woman
queen1488
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vii. l. 89 Till him descendyt thar a qweyne, Inlumyt lycht, schynand full brycht and scheyne.
c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 1627 In the moneth of may mekill þai vsit With floures and fresshe bowes fecchyng of somer: Somur qwenes and qwaintans & oþer qwaint gaumes [perh. read gamnes] There foundyn was first & yet ben forthe haunted.
1586 in W. A. Craigie Maitland Quarto MS (1920) lxiii. 40 To haue past abone the zodiak As quein and goddes of the firmament.
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iii. ii. 169 I was the Lord of this faire mansion..Queene ore my selfe. View more context for this quotation
1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles vii. 15 Come Queene a th'feast, For (Daughter) so you are. View more context for this quotation
1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ ii. xii. 15 The Lady Elizabeth, which..is called..for her winning Princely comportment, the Queen of Hearts.
1726 J. Barker Lining of Patch-work Screen 174 Orinda seated on a Throne, as Queen of Female Writers, with a Golden Pen in her Hand for a Scepter.
1779 F. Burney Let. 15 June in Early Jrnls. & Lett. Fanny Burney (1994) 305 Miss Brown..proved the Queen of the Day. Miss Streatfield..is..much more really beautiful..but Fanny Brown is more showy, &..gay.
1816 J. Keats To my Brother George 87 Upon a morn in May..that lovely lass Who chosen is their queen.
a1822 P. B. Shelley Charles I ii, in Wks. (1870) II. 388 The Twelfth-night Queen of Hearts.
1830 Ld. Tennyson Isabel in Poems 7 Isabel,..The queen of marriage, a most perfect wife.
1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre II. i. 14 Most of the younger ones—looked handsome; but Miss Ingram was certainly the queen.
1858 E. Bulwer-Lytton What will he do with It? i. xiv Lady Selina Vipont was one of the queens of London.
1897 D. Pryde Queer Folk 182 She cut it and thus secured ‘the maiden’, and became ‘the Queen of the Harvest’.
1915 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Island xxxv. 273 Aunt Jamesina,..the queen of house-mothers.
1958 Spectator 22 Aug. 247/1 A robust, jolly-looking person, more like a hockey queen than a film star.
1962 E. Lucia Klondike Kate 9 Rare instances of chivalry and devotion were exhibited by the miners toward this frontier queen.
1989 C. R. Wilson & W. Ferris Encycl. Southern Culture 1531/2 Often called..‘Queen of the Blues’, [Bessie] Smith is probably the best of the recorded classic blues singers.
2006 Daily Tel. 13 Sept. 2/1 A promoter of poetry and long a queen of lifestyle television.
e. slang (originally U.S.). An attractive woman; a girlfriend, a female partner.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > young person > young woman > [noun]
daughterOE
maidenOE
young womanOE
mayc1175
burdc1225
maidc1275
wenchc1290
file1303
virginc1330
girla1375
damselc1380
young ladya1393
jilla1425
juvenclec1430
young person1438
domicellea1464
quean1488
trull1525
pulleta1533
Tib1533
kittyc1560
dell1567
gillian1573
nymph1584
winklota1586
frotion1587
yuffrouw1589
pigeon1592
tit1599
nannicock1600
muggle1608
gixy1611
infanta1611
dilla1627
tittiea1628
whimsy1631
ladykin1632
stammel1639
moggie1648
zitellaa1660
baggagea1668
miss1668
baby1684
burdie1718
demoiselle1720
queanie?1800
intombi1809
muchacha1811
jilt1816
titter1819
ragazza1827
gouge1828
craft1829
meisie1838
sheila1839
sixteenc1840
chica1843
femme1846
muffin1854
gel1857
quail1859
kitten1870
bud1880
fräulein1883
sub-debutante1887
sweet-and-twenty1887
flapper1888
jelly1889
queen1894
chick1899
pusher1902
bit of fluff1903
chicklet1905
twist and twirl1905
twist1906
head1913
sub-deb1916
tabby1916
mouse1917
tittie1918
chickie1919
wren1920
bim1922
nifty1923
quiff1923
wimp1923
bride1924
job1927
junior miss1927
hag1932
tab1932
sort1933
palone1934
brush1941
knitting1943
teenybopper1966
weeny-bopper1972
Valley Girl1982
the mind > emotion > love > a lover > [noun] > one who is loved or a sweetheart > specifically a female sweetheart or girlfriend
lief971
ladya1393
ladyshipa1393
speciala1400
amiec1400
womanc1400
amoreta1425
mistressc1425
paramoura1450
fair ladya1470
girl?a1513
sooterkin1530
Tib1533
she1547
lady-love1568
jug1569
young lady1584
pigeon1592
love-lass1594
lass1596
dowsabel1612
swainling1615
lucky1629
Dulcinea1638
Lindabrides1640
inamorata1651
baby1684
best girl1691
lady friend1733
young woman1822
moll1823
querida1834
sheila1839
bint1855
tart1864
babykins1870
Dona1874
novia1874
fancy-girl1892
girlfriend1892
cliner1895
tootsy1895
dinah1898
best1904
twist and twirl1905
jane1906
kitten1908
patootie1918
meisie1919
bride1924
gf1925
jelly1931
sort1933
a bit (also piece) of homework1945
beast1946
queen1955
momma1964
mi'jita1970
her indoors1979
girlf1991
1894 in E. R. Lamson Yale Wit & Humor 47 (caption) A Dead Easy Queen Caught His Eye.
1900 Dial. Notes 2 53 Queen,..an attractive girl.
1914 N.Y. Tribune 23 July 6/3 Know you the town is full of folks? Know you the shows are full of queens? That every mail is full of jokes Born of the nation's brightest beans?
1937 J. T. Farrell Fellow Countrymen 181 Wouldn't it be luck if a ritzy queen fell for him!
1955 P. Sillitoe Cloak without Dagger xiv. 128 Both gangs used hatchets, swords, and sharpened bicycle chains..and these were conveyed to the scenes of their battles by their ‘queens’.
1973 C. Himes Black on Black 196 My queen 'gan bouncin' out her twelve-dollar dress.
1975 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 11 June 3/7 Some Rastafarians have many ‘Queens’.
1999 C. C. Spencer When All Hell breaks Loose iv. 38 When I find my queen, we're having a whole tribe like our grandparents used to swing it back in the day.
II. Extended uses.
7. Of things.
a. Something regarded as supreme, esp. as the finest, most outstanding, or most beautiful, of its kind.
ΚΠ
OE Vercelli Homilies (1992) iii. 74 Eahta synt heafodleahtras,.. vii irre, viii oferhygd, sio is cwen eallra yfla.
OE tr. Defensor Liber Scintillarum (1969) xvii. 166 Principalium uitiorum regina et mater superbia est : ealdorlicra leahtra cwen & modor ofermodignyss ys.
c1225 (?c1200) St. Margaret (Bodl.) (1934) 44 Meiðhad þe of alle mihtes is cwen.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 80 Þe kuen of uirtues, dame charite.
c1425 Myrour to Lewde Men & Wymmen (Harl.) (1981) 104 (MED) Pride is quene of all synnes and alle oþre synnes foloweþ hir as hir handmaydens.
1508 W. Dunbar Goldyn Targe (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems (1998) I. 186 Thare saw I May, of myrthfull monethis quene.
1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies ii. vi. 93 This river (which in my opinion, deserves well the name of Empresse and Queene of all flouds).
1688 in J. Barker Poet. Recreations ii. 203 Hail, Queen of Plants, crown'd with a Diadem, Where every Jewel is a Vocal Gem.
a1720 J. Sheffield Wks. (1753) I. 6 Paris, the queen of cities.
1785 W. Cowper Task i. 728 Now..show this queen of cities [sc. London], that so fair May yet be foul; so witty, yet not wise.
1861 S. Thomson Wanderings among Wild Flowers (rev. ed.) iii. 286 The ‘lady fern’..sometimes called the ‘Queen of Ferns’.
1886 E. Miller Textual Guide 75 The Peshito has been called ‘The Queen of Versions’.
1958 T. F. T. Plucknett Early Eng. Legal Lit. ii. 20 It was but natural, indeed, that the finest efforts of learning, and the earliest, should be devoted to the Queen of the Sciences—Theology.
1996 D. W. Brown Aromatherapy (Teach Yourself Ser.) v. 71 This ‘queen’ of oils has a remarkable effect on disorders of the female reproductive system.
b. That which in a particular sphere or area has pre-eminence or power comparable to that of a queen; spec. (a) the moon (see queen of the night n.): also queen of tides, heaven, etc. (chiefly poetic); (b) the pre-eminent or most admired city in a particular geographic region. See also Phrases 1.Often with connotations of beauty when used of a city (cf. sense 7a).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > pre-eminence > [noun] > chief of its or his kind
sunOE
lordOE
princec1225
primatec1384
princessc1390
giant1535
queen1554
first gentleman1584
Prester John1598
arch1605
gigant1610
principate1651
top-stone1659
first lady1677
Shakespeare1821
king1829
prius1882
aristocrat1883
Sun King1971
1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour Prol. 153 Synthea, the hornit nychtis quene.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iv. iv. 146 Each your doing..Crownes what you are doing..That all your Actes, are Queenes . View more context for this quotation
1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iv. 45 Great and glorious Rome, Queen of the Earth. View more context for this quotation
1734 M. Barber Poems 205 So Stars attend the beauteous Queen of Night; And faintly shine, nor emulate her Light.
1814 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Cantos I & II (ed. 7) ii. lxxx. 109 The Queen of tides on high consenting shone.
1837 A. Alison Hist. Europe from French Revol. VI. xlviii. 495 The Emperor travelled..to Venice; he there admired the marble palaces, and varied scenery, and gorgeous architecture of the Queen of the Adriatic.
1851 San Francisco Picayune 19 Sept. 2/4 Some person, gifted with a sufficient amount of patience, may undertake to compile the history of San Francisco..the Queen of the Pacific.
1878 R. B. Smith Carthage 9 Destined..to become the Queen of the Mediterranean.
1928 Daily Express 11 Apr. 9/4 Venice,..the Queen of the Adriatic in its most trippery and least attractive garb.
1976 Amer. Hist. Rev. 81 732 One can question whether the Queen of the Bosphorus [sc. Byzantium] still enjoyed unchallenged commercial supremacy on the eve of the Fourth Crusade.
1977 H. Fast Immigrants i. 30 For almost nine weeks, the shattered city [sc. San Francisco], known not only as the ‘Queen of the Pacific’ but as the ‘queen of larceny’ as well, entered into a period of benign brotherhood.
2005 Herald Sun (Melbourne) (Nexis) 28 Dec. 80 The Queen of the Danube is fast becoming a fixture on the Euro tourist track.
8.
a. Chess. The most powerful chess piece belonging to each player, placed next to the king at the start of the game, and able to move in any direction along a rank, file, or diagonal on which it stands. Formerly also: †the position on the board attained by a pawn when it is queened (obsolete rare). †to make a queen: to promote a pawn into a queen; cf. queen v. 2.Now the strongest piece on the board, and capable of defending the king, the queen was originally the weakest, able to move only one square at a time; its power was greatly enhanced by a major revision of the rules in the 15th cent. The term fers (see fers n.) is now commonly used to distinguish the older piece, although fers and queen were formerly used interchangeably.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > board game > chess > [noun] > pieces > queen
fersc1369
ladyc1450
queenc1450
dame1574
Amazon1656
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > board game > chess > [verb (intransitive)] > tactics
to make a queen1562
neck1597
castle1656
attack1735
retake1750
rook1850
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > board game > chess > [noun] > positions or status of pawns
pawn errantc1369
fers1474
passed pawn1777
queen1797
promotion1799
isolated pawn1842
pawn skeleton1915
hanging pawn1927
pawn chain1937
c1450 (?c1408) J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte (1901) 172 (heading) (MED) The quene or the fers.
1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) ii. ii. 26 Thus ought the Quene [Fr. la royne, L. regina] be maad, she ought to be a fair lady sittynge in a chayer and crowned wyth a corone.
a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 71 The fifthe [piece] is þe quene, that goth fro blak to blak, or fro white to white, and is yset beside þe kyng.
1562 tr. Damiano da Odemira Pleasaunt Playe of Cheasts sig. A.viiv When he [sc. the Paune] can..arriue at the laste rancke of hys enemies, he is chosen and made..the Quene.
a1649 W. Drummond Wks. (1711) 147 The Game ended, Kings, Queens, Bishops, Knights, Pawns pell-melled are confusedly thrown into the Box.
1689 Young Statesmen vi, in Coll. Poems against Popery 8/2 So have I seen a King on Chess..His Queen and Bishops in distress.
1761 E. Hoyle Ess. Game of Chess 51 The exact Number of Moves, before you can make a Queen.
1773 ‘A. D. Philidor’ Chess Analysed 13 The King's Pawn makes a Queen, and wins the Game.
1797 Encycl. Brit. IV. 640 He should take the adversary's pawns, and move the others to queen.
1822 W. Lewis Elem. Game Chess xliv. 149 If a Pawn be on a Rook's file it will go to Queen.
1848 H. R. Agnel Chess 63 You..queen your Pawn, and instead of claiming a Queen, you take a Knight.
1894 J. Mason Princ. Chess 77 Just as the foremost [Pawn] is but a square from Queen.
1922 V. Woolf Jacob's Room x. 187 He slowly brought it forward and raised the white queen from her square.
1992 Chess Monthly Sept. 9/2 Materially speaking Black is doing quite well with rook, bishop and knight for queen and pawn.
b. Cards. The card in each suit bearing the representation of a queen, normally ranking next below the king and above the jack.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > card or cards > [noun] > picture-card > queen
Q1572
queen1575
lady1900
1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle ii. ii. sig. Biiii There is 5 trumps beside the Queene.
1607 T. Heywood Woman Kilde with Kindnesse sig. E This Queene I haue more then my owne..Giue me the stocke.
1651 Pleasant Hist. Miller of Mansfield 19 With Ladies and their Maids like to the Queene of Spades.
1714 A. Pope Rape of Lock (new ed.) iii. 24 The Knave of Diamonds..wins..the Queen of Hearts.
1791 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 141 The Queen of Clubs is called in Northamptonshire, Queen Bess.
1816 S. W. Singer Researches Hist. Playing Cards 39 Like the Italians and Germans, they [sc. the Spaniards] have no Queen in the Pack.
1885 R. A. Proctor How to play Whist 5 I lead Ace, and follow with Queen of my best suit.
1933 E. Culbertson Contract Bridge Blue Bk. (ed. 2) i. iv. 60 Declarer's chances of dropping the outstanding Queen and Knave on the Ace and King leads are proportionately increased.
1991 Daily Tel. 5 Jan. (Weekend Suppl.) 15/8 He had a queen in the hole, which gave him top pair, but no kicker.
2006 Inside Edge June 80/3 He put all of his high cards on the left, so if he threw the third card from the left and it has a queen then you knew what the rest of them were.
9. The reproductive female caste in social bees, wasps, ants, and termites, larger than the ordinary workers; an individual of this caste, one (or more) of which are normally present in each colony. In later use also: the sole fertile female in certain other eusocial animal colonies.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > superfamily Apoidea (bees) > queen bee
kinga1398
rectora1398
king bee1565
master bee1579
prince1609
queen1609
queen bee1609
queen mother1753
mother queen1817
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > the wasps > queen
king-wasp1724
queen1724
queen wasp1724
sow-wasp1875
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > ant > queen
queen1774
gyne1907
1609 C. Butler Feminine Monarchie i. sig. A1 Of the nature and properties of Bees, and of their Queene.
1657 S. Purchas Theatre Flying-insects i. viii. 31 If therefore you perceive a hive..to work negligently, or not to increase in the Spring, suspect them to want a Queen, and supply them with one as soon as you can.
a1711 T. Ken Sion ii, in Wks. (1721) IV. 352 The same Tune..In which the Bees..For their Dismission to their Queen entreat.
1724 W. Derham in Philos. Trans. 1722–3 (Royal Soc.) 33 54 The Male Wasps are lesser than the Queens.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VIII. 124 The working ants having..deposed their queens.
1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess i. 14 Around them both Sweet thoughts would swarm as bees about their queen.
1892 J. Lubbock Beauties of Nature ii. 60 The working Ants and Bees always turn their heads towards the Queen.
a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xiii. 269 The queen begins to be maternal, and, as she can lay three thousand eggs in a day, the population of the hive increases rapidly.
1974 A. Dillard Pilgrim at Tinker Creek x. 167 I have seen a film of a termite queen as big as my face, dead white and featureless,..throbbing and pulsing out rivers of globular eggs.
1996 Times 18 Apr. 11/1 Naked mole-rats—which are neither moles nor rats—dig out complex burrows where they establish colonies in which only the queen bears young.
10.
†a. A kind of flatfish; spec. the lemon sole, Microstomus kitt. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Pleuronectiformes (flat-fish) > [noun] > family Soleidae (soles) > member of genus Solea
sole1347
queen1671
sand-sole1880
1671 J. Ray Let. 2 Mar. in J. Ray et al. Philos. Lett. (1718) 107 One they call a Lantern Fish, another they call a Queen.
1673 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words 100 Queens: a Fish thinner than a Plaise.
1746 tr. D. De Coetlogon Tour through Animal World 103 The Soal, call'd the Queen of the Sea, not for its Beauty, but for its Goodness.]
1884 St. James's Gaz. 18 Jan. 6/1 The..lemon-dab or queen.
b. Originally British regional. The queen scallop, Aequipecten opercularis. Cf. queenfish n. 1, queenie n. 2, quin n.1, squin n.2
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > shell-fish or mollusc > scallop
scale-oyster1419
scallopc1440
escallop1610
queen1803
quin1840
squin1864
queen scallop1955
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > section Asiphonida > family Pectinidae > genus Pecten > member of
scallopc1440
oyster-scalp1552
clam1593
escallop1610
queen1803
quin1840
squin1864
queen scallop1955
queenie1972
magnificent scallop1990
1803 G. Montagu Testacea Britannica I. 146 Pecten opercularis..in Devonshire and Cornwall is..known by the name of Frills or Queens.
1883 tr. N. Joly Man before Metals ii. i. 200 Several molluscs, especially oysters,..mussels, queens, whelks, and snails.
1901 E. Step Shell Life 84 The Quin or Queen..is more nearly circular in shape, thin and smooth.
1959 A. C. Hardy Open Sea II. vi. 143 The smaller and delicious ‘queens’..may occasionally be brought in by trawlers..in sufficient quantities to be marketed.
1971 Country Life 21 Oct. 1040/1 Last year nearly 5,000 tons of queens..were brought into Scottish ports.
2004 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) (Nexis) 20 May 23 Pacific oysters, native oysters, scallops, queens and mussels are all farmed in Scotland.
11. Technical uses.
a. = queen apple n. at Compounds 2 (rare).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > apple > [noun] > eating-apple > types of
costardc1390
bitter-sweet1393
Queening?1435
richardine?1435
blaundrellc1440
pear apple1440
tuberc1440
quarrendenc1450
birtle1483
deusan1570
apple-john1572
Richard1572
lording1573
greening1577
queen apple1579
peeler1580
darling1584
doucin1584
golding1589
puffin1589
lady's longing1591
bitter-sweeting1597
pearmain1597
paradise apple1598
garden globe1600
gastlet1600
leather-coat1600
maligar1600
pome-paradise1601
French pippin1629
gillyflower1629
king apple1635
lady apple1651
golden pippin1654
goldling1655
puff1655
cardinal1658
green fillet1662
chestnut1664
cinnamon apple1664
fenouil1664
go-no-further1664
Westbury apple1664
seek-no-farther1670
nonsuch1676
calville1691
passe-pomme1691
fennel apple1699
queen1699
genet1706
fig-apple1707
oaken pin1707
nonpareil1726
costing1731
monstrous reinette1731
Newtown pippin1760
Ribston1782
Rhode Island greening1795
oslin1801
fall pippin1803
monstrous pippin1817
Newtown Spitzenburg1817
Gravenstein1821
Red Astrachan1822
Tolman sweet1822
grange apple1823
orange pippin1823
Baldwin1826
Sturmer Pippin1831
Newtowner1846
Northern Spy1847
Blenheim Orange1860
Cox1860
McIntosh Red1876
Worcester1877
raspberry apple1894
delicious1898
Laxton's Superb1920
Macoun1924
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > apple > eating-apple > types of
costardc1390
bitter-sweet1393
pippin?1435
pomewater?1435
Queening?1435
richardine?1435
blaundrellc1440
pear apple1440
tuberc1440
quarrendenc1450
birtle1483
sweeting1530
pomeroyal1534
renneta1568
deusan1570
apple-john1572
Richard1572
lording1573
russeting1573
greening1577
queen apple1579
peeler1580
reinette1582
darling1584
doucin1584
golding1589
puffin1589
lady's longing1591
bitter-sweeting1597
pearmain1597
paradise apple1598
garden globe1600
gastlet1600
leather-coat1600
maligar1600
pomeroy1600
short-start1600
jenneting1601
pome-paradise1601
russet coat1602
John apple1604
honey apple1611
honeymeal1611
musk apple1611
short-shank1611
spice apple1611
French pippin1629
king apple1635
lady apple1651
golden pippin1654
goldling1655
puff1655
cardinal1658
renneting1658
green fillet1662
chestnut1664
cinnamon apple1664
fenouil1664
go-no-further1664
reinetting1664
Westbury apple1664
seek-no-farther1670
nonsuch1676
white-wining1676
russet1686
calville1691
fennel apple1699
queen1699
genet1706
fig-apple1707
oaken pin1707
musk1708
nonpareil1726
costing1731
monstrous reinette1731
Newtown pippin1760
Ribston1782
Rhode Island greening1795
oslin1801
wine apple1802
fall pippin1803
monstrous pippin1817
Newtown Spitzenburg1817
Gravenstein1821
Red Astrachan1822
Tolman sweet1822
grange apple1823
orange pippin1823
Baldwin1826
wine-sap1826
Jonathan1831
Sturmer Pippin1831
rusty-coat1843
Newtowner1846
Northern Spy1847
Cornish gilliflowerc1850
Blenheim Orange1860
Cox1860
nutmeg pippin1860
McIntosh Red1876
Worcester1877
raspberry apple1894
delicious1898
Laxton's Superb1920
Melba apple1928
Melba1933
Mutsu1951
Newtown1953
discovery1964
1597 J. Gerard Herball iii. xcv. 1274/2 (caption) Malum reginale. The Quining,..Queene of Apples.]
1699 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense (ed. 9) 166 Apples..: Queen, Marigold, Winter Queening, Leather-Coat, [etc.].
1836 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants (rev. ed.) 426 Apples are classed as pippins or seedlings,..rennets or queens, specked fruits.
1964 Times 13 May 16/6 One of these two taller trees was that superb September baking apple, the Queen.
†b. Building. Short for queen post n. Cf. king n. 13. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > framework of building > [noun] > roof-beam > rafter > posts
pendant1359
pendant-post1359
side post1625
crown post1663
king piece1663
king post1669
hip pole1783
queen post1797
king1811
queen1811
middle post1819
ashlar-piece1869
wall-post1871
pendentive1893
1811 Skyring's Builder's Prices 12 Truss framed with King Posts..Do. with Kings and Queens.
1842 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 5 361/2 The blocks..being supported by the queens.
c. One of the grades into which fuller's teasels were sorted. Usually in plural. Cf. middling n.1 2c, scrub n.2 4. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > treating or processing textile fabric > [noun] > putting nap on > teazle > class of
king1766
middling1766
scrub1766
queen1813
1813 T. Rudge Gen. View Agric. Glouc. 156 The produce of the second and subsequent cuttings are sorted, according to their size, into Queens, which are the best teazles; Middlings..and Scrubs.
1818 W. H. Marshall Rev. & Abstr. County Rep. to Board of Agric. II. 457 The central shoot of each plant called the ‘king’ is cut, the produce of the second and subsequent cuttings are sorted into ‘queens’, ‘middlings’, and ‘scrubs’.
1855 Househ. Words 20 Jan. 539/2 The different sizes [of teasle] are known by the names of kings, queens, middlings, and scrubs.
1952 Chambers's Jrnl. Aug. 456/2 At one time the crop was graded by some growers into kings, queens, middles, and buttons.
d. A large roofing-slate, measuring approximately three feet by two feet (approx. 0.91 by 0.61 m). Now chiefly historical.The queen was originally the largest size in a standard system developed at the Penrhyn quarry near Bethesda, Caernarvonshire (now in Gwynedd), in the 18th cent.; its exact size varied at different periods and between different quarries.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > stone or rock > [noun] > building stone > stone of the nature of slate > for roofing > piece of > having definite dimensions
countess1803
lady1803
imperial1813
queen1819
duchess1823
princess1834
size-slate1865
marchioness1878
viscountess1878
bachelor1898
muffity1914
1819 P. Nicholson Archit. Dict. II. 622 Slaters class the Welsh slates in the following order: Doubles, Ladies,..Queens.
1893 J. Brown Opening Railway to Delabole xxiii We've countess, duchess, queens and rags.
1946 N. Wymer Eng. Country Crafts x. 108 Generally, they will give their slates a certain ‘social dignity’ by naming them, according to size, from the ‘Queen’ for the largest down—by way of the ‘princess’,..to the ‘lady’ for the smallest.
?1996 P. Long Hidden Places Cornwall 292 Blasting and slicing the stone into attractively named standard sizes: ‘Ladies’, ‘Countesses’, ‘Duchesses’, ‘Queens’ and ‘Imperials’.
e. attributive. Originally North American. Designating a queen-sized bed or queen-sized bedding.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > bed > types of bed > [noun] > specific sizes of bed
double bed1839
three-quarter bed1919
twin bed1919
queen1955
California king size1957
California king1983
1955 Los Angeles Times 26 Dec. i. 23 (advt.) Full mattress-spring sets, 79.95... Queen mattress-spring sets, 149.50.
1959 N.Y. Times 10 Jan. 11/8 For ‘queen’ beds that are sixty inches wide, choose sheets ninety inches wide.
1999 E. Fowler Mariner's Compass (2000) 62 I bought a new set of queen sheets.
12. = queen cat n. at Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Felidae (feline) > felis domesticus (cat) > [noun] > female
doe-cat1611
queen cat1673
tabby1826
Tib-cat1828
queen1898
1898 Bishopsgate Cats in Ladies' Field 6 Aug. 378/1 A few outdoor houses for the queens are used.
1934 P. Wade Siamese Cat iv. 45 Not only should the queen herself be excellent, but her pedigree must be above suspicion.
1954 D. Hartley Food in Eng. 660 You cannot keep a cat on milk only... Nursing queens should be given water to drink and solid food.
1977 Proc. Royal Soc. Med. 70 3/1 Calcium deficiency also occurred in lactating queens and their young litters.
1999 L. A. Rebhun Heart is Unknown Country 244 Brazilian Portuguese distinguishes male from female animals in common usage:..a male gato (‘tom’) and a female gata (‘queen’).
13. slang. A homosexual man, typically one regarded as ostentatiously effeminate. Cf. quean n. 3.In quot. 1729, probably a use of sense 3a or quean n. 1 (compare variant forms at that entry) in a homosexual context.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual orientation > homosexuality > [noun] > a homosexual person > male
badlingeOE
nan1670
molly1708
Miss Molly1754
Miss Nancy1824
molly mop1829
poof1833
Margery?c1855
Mary Ann1868
pretty-boy1881
cocksucker1885
poofter1889
queer1894
fruit1895
fairy1896
homosexualist1898
puff1902
pussy1904
nance1910
quean1910
girl1912
faggot1913
mouser1914
queen1919
fag1921
gay boy1921
maricon1921
pie-face1922
bitch1923
Jessie1923
tapette1923
pansy1926
nancy boy1927
nelly1931
femme1932
ponce1932
punk1933
queerie1933
gobbler1934
jocker1935
queenie1935
iron1936
freak1941
swish1941
flit1942
tonk1943
wonk1945
mother1947
fruitcake1952
Mary1953
twink1953
swishy1959
limp wrist1960
arse bandit1961
leather man1961
booty bandit1962
ginger beer1964
bummer1965
poofteroo1966
shirtlifter1966
battyman1967
dick-sucker1968
mo1968
a friend of Dorothy1972
shim1973
gaylord1976
twinkie1977
woofter1977
bender1986
knob jockey1989
batty boy1992
cake boy1992
the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual orientation > homosexuality > [noun] > a homosexual person > male > who takes on a more passive role
wife1549
whore1609
pogue1919
queen1919
old lady1937
she-male1952
1729 Hell upon Earth 43 Where have you been you saucy Queen? If I catch you Strouling and Caterwauling, I'll beat the Milk out of your Breasts I will so.
1893 Alienist & Neurologist 14 732 Standing or seated on a pedestal, but accessible to all the rest, is the naked queen (a male) whose phallic member..is subject to the gaze and osculations in turn, of all the members of this lecherous gang of sexual perverts.]
1919 in L. R. Murphy Perverts by Official Order (1988) iii. 57 Zipf described the ‘feminine’ attire found in Gianelli's room, reported his description of other ‘queens’, and passed on ‘Salome's’ description of having had sex with other men.
1929 M. Lief Hangover vi. 100 ‘What's those?’ ‘You know—all those queens.’
1930 E. Waugh Vile Bodies 61 ‘Now what may you want, my Italian queen?’ said Lottie as the waiter came in with a tray.
1938 N. Marsh Artists in Crime ix. 127 We met the chap that runs the place. One of those die-away queens.
1952 A. Wilson Hemlock & After i. v. 88 Anyone would think he was just another routine, harmless old queen.
1962 H. Kane Killer's Kiss xxvii. 207 Duffy was no queen, no platinum-dyed freak, no screaming faggot.
1971 F. Forsyth Day of Jackal xx. 333 He must be..how marvellous! A handsome young butch looking for an old queen to take him home.
1989 G. E. Klyve & C. G. Oakley Legend of Perseus ii. 61 If it got out that she preferred a screaming queen to her aristocratic spouse, he would never be able to look his friends in the face again.
2001 AXM Aug. 72/1 For the record, I'm not just gay—I'm a screaming queen!
14. Any of several Cunard passenger liners named after a British Queen.Originally and chiefly in plural, with reference to the ‘Queen Mary’ and the ‘Queen Elizabeth’.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel for transporting people or goods > passenger vessel > [noun] > of specific line > specific passenger liners
queen1945
1945 Times 23 June 2/4 The two Queens, together with the Aquitania and 370 other smaller vessels, will play their part in this tremendous task.
1949 P. Duff Brit. Ships & Shipping i. 28 The two Queens of the North Atlantic did invaluable service in every theatre of war.
1956 H. Grattidge Capt. of Queens 291 Both Queens had the same 118 foot breadth, but at 1,031 feet the Elizabeth eclipsed the Mary's length by ten clear feet.
1959 Daily Tel. 9 Apr. 1/4 Plans to replace the ‘Queens’ must be modern and far-reaching.
1968 O. Wynd Sumatra Seven Zero vi. 85 The first clang of metal sounded like a mid-Atlantic collision between the two Queens.
1970 W. G. Roberts Quest for Oil xi. 116 This may seem slow compared with the 30 knots of the ‘Queens’ or even with the 20 to 25 knots of the majority of other passenger liners.
1970 J. Walz & A. Walz Portrait of Canada 309 It rode with the aloofness of a Cunard Queen at anchor.
1987 Geogr. Rev. 77 315 ‘Getting there is half the fun’, promised the Cunard Line in the days of the Queens.
2006 Trav. Weekly (Nexis) 8 Sept. A first westbound tandem Atlantic crossing of two Queens—the new Queen Victoria on her first and QE2 on her 804th.

Phrases

P1. Phrasal combinations with of.
a. In names of plants (cf. sense 7).
queen of flowers n. (a) (chiefly poetic) a beautiful flower, esp. a rose; (b) either of two crape myrtles with showy purple or white flowers, Lagerstroemia indica, a large shrub, and L. speciosa, which is a tree (also called queen's-flower tree).
ΚΠ
1647 C. Harvey Schola Cordis 122 What say'st thou to that Rose, That queen of flowers, whose Maidenly blushes, fresh, and faire, Out-brave the dainty morning aire?
1796 P. Wakefield Introd. Bot. 100 The rose, so universally admired, as the queen of flowers, belongs to the fifth order.
1845 L. J. Peirson Forest Leaves 236 The Rose is titled queen of flowers, And in her peerless wealth of bloom, She beautifies the summer bowers.
1901 Bull. Amer. Geogr. Soc. 33 212 Lagerstroemia flos reginæ..Queen of Flowers.
1902 Times 15 Feb. 4/2 The rose, which is the national emblem of England and the queen of flowers, may be worn in preference..at the time of his Majesty's Coronation.
1925 Sci. Surv. Porto Rico & Virgin Islands (N.Y. Acad. Sci.) VI. 21 Lagerstrœmia speciosa (L.) Pers., Queen of Flowers, East Indies, occasionally planted for ornament in Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands, is a tree.
1993 S. Carrington Wild Plants of Barbados 72 Lythraceae... A mainly tropical family including garden favourites such as the Queen-of-Flowers (Lagerstroemia indica) and various Cuphea spp.
queen of the meadow n. (also queen of the meadows) [compare post-classical Latin regina prati (from 14th cent. in British sources), Anglo-Norman reine de prie (14th cent.), French reine des prés (1655); compare also in this sense post-classical Latin regina , Anglo-Norman reine (see quot. a1300 at meadwort n. 1)] (a) meadowsweet, Filipendula ulmaria; (U.S. also) any of several plants of the related genus Spiraea; (b) U.S. joe-pye weed, Eupatorium purpureum.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > rosaceous plants > [noun] > meadow-sweet or dropwort
meadworteOE
meadsweeta1400
bridewort?a1450
meadowsweet1530
filipendula1548
goat's beard?1550
dropwort1597
queen of the meadow1597
mock-willow1633
meadow queena1637
queen of the prairie1852
honey-sweet1880
1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 886 Called..in English..Medow sweete, and Queene of the medowes.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. vi. 97 Queen of the Meadows..: It is a winged and dented leaf, standing one above another, at distances, upon a reddish rib.
1785 Mem. Amer. Acad. I. 451 Spiræa foliis lanceolatis..subtus tomentosis... Queen of the Meadows. Blossoms red or purple. In moist pastures.
1892 Amer. Folk-Lore 5 98 Eupatorium purpureum..Queen of the meadow.
1945 Sci. Monthly July 65 Why the Joe Pye weed should have acquired the names it carries in different parts of its range, Skunk weed, Marsh Milkweed,..King- or Queen-of-the-Meadow, as its synonymy reveals, raises questions of European associations in folk botany.
1952 P. Mann Systematics Flowering Plants ii. 113 (in figure) [Filipendula]ulmaria = Meadow-sweet, Queen-of-the-Meadows.
1993 K. N. Sanecki Discovering Herbs (ed. 5) 71 Meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria (Rosaceae) Perennial Queen of the meadow, meadwort... Our ancestors knew this plant for its pain-dulling and cheering properties.
queen of the prairie n. (also †queen of the prairies) [probably after queen of the meadow n.] U.S. a plant of meadows and prairies, Filipendula rubra (family Rosaceae), related to meadowsweet but with deep pink flowers.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > rosaceous plants > [noun] > meadow-sweet or dropwort
meadworteOE
meadsweeta1400
bridewort?a1450
meadowsweet1530
filipendula1548
goat's beard?1550
dropwort1597
queen of the meadow1597
mock-willow1633
meadow queena1637
queen of the prairie1852
honey-sweet1880
1852 H. R. Noll Bot. Class Bk. & Flora Pennsylvania 100 S[piræa] lobata, Murr. Queen of the Prairie.
1860 Amer. Agriculturist Dec. 365/2 Queen of the Prairies.—Larger than the preceeding, deep pink, very double, with occasionally a white stripe on the petals.
1968 R. T. Peterson & M. McKenny Field Guide Wildflowers Northeastern & North-central N. Amer. 284 Queen-of-the-prairie... Flowers deep pink.
1999 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald Amer. 28 Mar. 19/4 Queen of the prairie, Filipendula rubra..: It flowers in July with fluffy plumes that are cotton candy pink.
b.
queen of puddings n. a pudding typically made with breadcrumbs, milk, eggs, butter, and sugar, and topped with jam and meringue; cf. queen's pudding n. at Compounds 3b, queen pudding n. at Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > puddings > [noun] > sweet or fruit puddings
white pudding1588
quaking puddinga1665
apple pudding1708
cowslip pudding1723
plum pudding1811
roly-poly pudding1821
black cap1822
amber pudding1829
bird's nest pudding1829
slump1831
Bakewell pudding1833
roly-poly1835
dog in a (or the) blanket1842
castle pudding1845
ice pudding1846
pan pie1846
dick1849
roll-up1856
canary pudding1861
roly1861
treacle pud1861
Brown Betty1864
summer pudding1875
parfait1884
schalet1884
Sally Lunn pudding1892
Tommy1895
queen of puddings1903
layer-pudding1909
clafoutis1926
shrikhand1950
chocolate fondant1971
mud-pie1975
tiramisu1982
lava cake1994
1903 H. Campbell Easiest Way Housek. & Cooking 241 By using fresh bread-crumbs and four eggs, this becomes what is known as ‘Queen of Puddings’.
1917 M. Byron Pudding Bk. iii. 72 Queen of Puddings... Soak a pint of breadcrumbs in boiling milk, and the yolks of four eggs well beaten.
1963 M. Patten Puddings & Desserts (recipe no. 389) Queen of puddings.
1992 E. A. Proulx Postcards iii. xxxi. 180 Made Queen of Puddings for Sunday dinner with raspberries.
Queen of the Gypsies n. (also Queen of Gypsies) a woman of authority in a Romani community.
ΚΠ
1690 J. Dryden Amphitryon v. 55 Phaedra, Queen of Gypsies.
1771 Ann. Reg. 1770 102 Died lately, at her hut at Norwood, Bridget, the Queen of the Gipseys.
1899 Morning Post 20 Apr. 8/7 If I had a solicitor I should be able to prove my title of Queen of the Gypsies of all the earth against Molly Friar, who at present holds the Throne.
1993 A. Morris North Webster 30 In the spring of 1935, the queen of the gypsies was married in a lavish ceremony in the Bottoms.
2010 W. Cobb (title) The last queen of the gypsies.
Queen of the West n. U.S. (now historical) Cincinnati, Ohio; cf. Queen City n. at Compounds 2 and sense 7b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > named cities or towns > [noun] > in North America > Cincinnati
Queen of the West1834
Porkopolis1843
1834 C. F. Hoffman Let. 3 Apr. in Winter in West (1835) II. 130 It is in vain for thriving Pittsburg or flourishing Louisville..to dispute with Cincinnati her title of ‘Queen of the West’.
1840 Knickerbocker 16 157 In this way we glided in our broad-horn past Cincinnati, the ‘Queen of the West’ as she is now called.
2004 S. Reed Across Wide River 119 He certainly knew a lot about Cincinnati... ‘Shucks, I love it here in the Queen of the West.’
P2. to live like a queen: to live in a grand or lavish manner, or in privileged or luxurious circumstances.
ΚΠ
1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. 261 That such a woman..liues like a Queene with her husband, in comparison with her.
1745 D. E. Baker tr. ‘A. F. de Avellaneda’ Don Quixote I. iii. vi. 191 Pray, if you please, tell us..why you left Alcala, where you lived like a Queen?
1869 Lady's Friend June 405/2 Here's Louisa in this nice position—servants, and carriages,..living like a queen, and never once has she invited me or Mary inside her doors.
1944 Tel.-Herald (Dubuque, Iowa) 27 Feb. 6/6 (advt.) I'll live like a queen in a house that takes care of itself.
2011 Watford Observer (Nexis) 28 Mar. Dame Liz..not only played Cleopatra, she lived like a queen. There aren't many like her left.
P3.
queen in council n. (in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth countries, during the reign of a queen) denoting the queen exercising legislative and (esp. in early use) judicial power on matters of state on the advice and with the consent of her Privy Council (privy council n. 3).In early use probably not a fixed collocation.
ΚΠ
1703 A. Boyer Hist. Reign Queen Anne: Year the First 72 The Queen bestow'd the Place of Master of the House to her Majesty, upon the Duke of Somerset... The same day the Queen in Council made a most excellent Order, wherein she declar'd, ‘..That no Officer or Servant..of her Family or Household, should presume to sell or buy..any Office or Place therein’.
1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. ii. vii. 485 Besides the House of Lords, there is another supreme tribunal of appeal—the Queen in Council, whose judicial functions are delegated to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council.
1952 Spectator 28 Nov. 725/1 On Tuesday the Queen in Council signed a Proclamation authorising the issue of the new coinage.
2015 G. L. Paterson Austral. Constit. as Actually Written 149 Is this simply..making it more difficult and expensive to reach the ultimate authority of ‘the Queen in Council’?
P4. queen for a day: a woman who enjoys the advantages of wealth, fame, or power for a brief period.In quot. 1839 as part of a summary of a French comic opera La Reine d'un jour.
ΚΠ
1839 Morning Post 25 Sept. Francine at Brighton becomes the Queen for a day, receiving homage from Charles's partisans, and exposed to danger from the Roundheads.
1940 Rotarian July 51/1 The Club builds up a fund which is distributed among indigent mothers of the community when tradition makes them ‘Queens for a Day’.
1978 Maclean's 18 Dec. 18 (caption) When the G-G [sc. Governor General] was Queen for a day.
2010 R. Carr Angel's Peak xii. 256 Every young girl dreams of that special event when she's gowned in splendor and is queen for a day.
P5. Originally and chiefly U.S. to the (also a) queen's taste: to perfection; absolutely, completely.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > perfection > [adverb]
fullfremedlyOE
to envyc1369
to a wish1390
perfectlyc1395
consummately1529
sincerely1583
to the (also a) nail?1611
like a tansy1619
magisterially1625
(up) to the nines (rarely nine)?1719
puffickly1858
quintessentially1866
to the (also a) queen's taste1880
A-OK1961
1880 Washington Post 2 Mar. 1/4 Fifty or sixty men could hold a meeting, do the thing up to the Queen's taste and there would be no advertisement and no resolutions.
1891 Sporting Times (N.Y.) 19 Sept. 4/3 A number of young blood Leaguers are playing ball to the queen's taste.
1902 W. N. Harben Abner Daniel xxxiii. 279 You worked 'im to a queen's taste—as fine as spilt milk.
1911 R. D. Saunders Col. Todhunter ix. 126 It's the best and truest thing I ever saw in my life! They've got you finished off to the Queen's taste.
1935 F. Pratt Ordeal by Fire xxxi. 274 Bragg was gulled to the queen's taste.
1996 M. E. Dyson Between God & Gangsta Rap (1997) xvii. 131 An erudite man trained to speak the King's English to the Queen's taste.

Compounds

C1.
a. Appositive.
queen bride n.
ΚΠ
1634 J. Ford Chron. Hist. Perkin Warbeck iii. sig. F This new Queene Bride, must henceforth be no more My Daughter.
1829 J. H. Nichols Specimens Amer. Poetry 338 Trees, like crystal chandeliers, In nature's blue cathedral arch, Light by the moon their gems of tears, Where, like a queen bride, thou dost march.
1900 Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. 15 225 In Orendel the Queen Bride has to be rescued three times at least.
2005 Tulsa (Okla.) World (Nexis) 11 July d1 The musical focuses on the romantic triangle involving King Arthur, his queen bride Guenevere and the brash young knight Lancelot.
† queen-county n. Obsolete rare
ΚΠ
1902 N.E.D. at Queen sb. Queen-county.
† queen-galley n. Obsolete (historical in later use)
ΚΠ
1700 Faithful Acct. Cruelties done to Protestants 12 Some of our Brethren, the Slaves on board the Queen Galley, were used after the same manner.
1888 T. Watts in Athenæum 18 Aug. 224/2 See how the four queen-galleys ride.
1906 T. Watts-Dunton Coming of Love 142 Now three queen-galleys pass Cape Finisterre.
queen moon n. poetic
ΚΠ
1820 J. Keats Ode to Nightingale in Lamia & Other Poems 109 Haply the Queen-Moon is on her throne.
1914 H. Price Poems & Sonnets 65 When the queen moon within her silver ring Transmutes the golden flower of the dawn.
1972 G. Hartman in New Perspectives Coleridge & Wordsworth 123 Ben Jonson's masques, for instance, can be elaborate night-pieces converging on queen-moon or roi-soleil.
queen rose n.
ΚΠ
1846 R. Browning Let. 16 June in Lett. R. Browning & E. B. Barrett (1899) II. 241 You must..add the queen-rose to his garland.
1893 Times 10 May 8/3 A silver-gilt flora medal for pots of pale Clio and rich crimson queen roses.
1962 Herald-Press (St. Joseph, Mich.) 23 July 4/3 The bridal bouquet was composed of a crescent of pink queen roses and white stephanotis.
queen-spirit n. rare
ΚΠ
1835 W. Howitt Pantika I. 360 What we have here paid, is but a passing homage to the power which resides and is honoured here—the Queen-spirit of all flowers.
1942 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Instit. 72 25/2 While Homa Sarki pours out a libation of gumba and prays to Doguwa, the queen spirit of the river, for good luck, the fiddles play.
queen-spouse n. rare
ΚΠ
1885 R. F. Burton tr. Arabian Nights' Entertainm. VIII. dccxcv. 56 The Lady Zubaydah, daughter of Al-Kasim and queen-spouse of the Commander of the Faithful Harun al-Rashid.
2002 Z. Sitchin Lost Bk. Enki xi. 252 His queen-spouse I shall be.
† queen-strumpet n. Obsolete rare
ΚΠ
1863 Atlantic Monthly Oct. 502 The queen-strumpet of modern history.
queen-woman n.
ΚΠ
1852 M. E. Lazarus Love vs. Marriage xv. 177 The Saint Simonians invoked the queen woman, without whom their society could not pass from idea into organic fact.
1904 W. B. Yeats Stories of Red Hanrahan 20 I heard under a ragged hollow wood, A queen-woman dressed out in silver, cry.
1928 Times 28 Feb. 14/4 You are great for ever, and the countless throng love and honour you always and offer worship and good wishes to you—a great queen woman.
2000 L. Charnon-Deutsch Fictions of Feminine iii. 111 Subsequently novelists followed in Perez Galdos's footsteps in reducing the queen woman to the bodily by unmasking her sexual or material excesses.
b. Objective.
queen-killing n. and adj.
ΚΠ
1599 M. Aray Discouerie Tragical Fiction f. 14v Valentyn Tomson his matter of Queene-killing has preuented Squyres.
1606 True Relation Proc. at Arraignm. Late Traitors 105 That King-killing and Queen-killing was not indeed a doctrine of theirs.
1682 Concavum Cappo-cloacorum 41 Why, is not King-killing and Queen-killing all one?
1715 J. Dunton Ox— & Bull— 24 How seasonable the Publishing of this Sermon upon Queen-Killing will be, let all Loyal Subjects judge.
1780 Ride & Walk through Stourhead 6 Even those blissful Scenes before us owe To Alfred's Soul invincible their Bliss: Which else Queen-killing Danes had occupied, a Race uncultivated as their Clime.
1839 Times 8 Nov. 4/2 The Tories—the disloyal Tories—the treasonable Tories—the Queen-killing and Queen-dethroning Tories.
1922 Biol. Bull. 43 32 Further inquiry into the queen-killing habit of Ps. rupestris and vestalis.
1988 Evolution 42 572/2 Forsyth's..model for queen killing is extendable to queen turnover as well.
2006 Chattanooga (Tennessee) Times Free Press (Nexis) 3 June f2 Find the colony's anthill, then put out one of the new queen killing baits.
C2.
queen apple n. now historical a class of apples characterized by early ripening and red flesh; an apple of this class; cf. Queening n.1, rennet n.2, reinette n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > apple > [noun] > eating-apple > types of
costardc1390
bitter-sweet1393
Queening?1435
richardine?1435
blaundrellc1440
pear apple1440
tuberc1440
quarrendenc1450
birtle1483
deusan1570
apple-john1572
Richard1572
lording1573
greening1577
queen apple1579
peeler1580
darling1584
doucin1584
golding1589
puffin1589
lady's longing1591
bitter-sweeting1597
pearmain1597
paradise apple1598
garden globe1600
gastlet1600
leather-coat1600
maligar1600
pome-paradise1601
French pippin1629
gillyflower1629
king apple1635
lady apple1651
golden pippin1654
goldling1655
puff1655
cardinal1658
green fillet1662
chestnut1664
cinnamon apple1664
fenouil1664
go-no-further1664
Westbury apple1664
seek-no-farther1670
nonsuch1676
calville1691
passe-pomme1691
fennel apple1699
queen1699
genet1706
fig-apple1707
oaken pin1707
nonpareil1726
costing1731
monstrous reinette1731
Newtown pippin1760
Ribston1782
Rhode Island greening1795
oslin1801
fall pippin1803
monstrous pippin1817
Newtown Spitzenburg1817
Gravenstein1821
Red Astrachan1822
Tolman sweet1822
grange apple1823
orange pippin1823
Baldwin1826
Sturmer Pippin1831
Newtowner1846
Northern Spy1847
Blenheim Orange1860
Cox1860
McIntosh Red1876
Worcester1877
raspberry apple1894
delicious1898
Laxton's Superb1920
Macoun1924
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > apple > eating-apple > types of
costardc1390
bitter-sweet1393
pippin?1435
pomewater?1435
Queening?1435
richardine?1435
blaundrellc1440
pear apple1440
tuberc1440
quarrendenc1450
birtle1483
sweeting1530
pomeroyal1534
renneta1568
deusan1570
apple-john1572
Richard1572
lording1573
russeting1573
greening1577
queen apple1579
peeler1580
reinette1582
darling1584
doucin1584
golding1589
puffin1589
lady's longing1591
bitter-sweeting1597
pearmain1597
paradise apple1598
garden globe1600
gastlet1600
leather-coat1600
maligar1600
pomeroy1600
short-start1600
jenneting1601
pome-paradise1601
russet coat1602
John apple1604
honey apple1611
honeymeal1611
musk apple1611
short-shank1611
spice apple1611
French pippin1629
king apple1635
lady apple1651
golden pippin1654
goldling1655
puff1655
cardinal1658
renneting1658
green fillet1662
chestnut1664
cinnamon apple1664
fenouil1664
go-no-further1664
reinetting1664
Westbury apple1664
seek-no-farther1670
nonsuch1676
white-wining1676
russet1686
calville1691
fennel apple1699
queen1699
genet1706
fig-apple1707
oaken pin1707
musk1708
nonpareil1726
costing1731
monstrous reinette1731
Newtown pippin1760
Ribston1782
Rhode Island greening1795
oslin1801
wine apple1802
fall pippin1803
monstrous pippin1817
Newtown Spitzenburg1817
Gravenstein1821
Red Astrachan1822
Tolman sweet1822
grange apple1823
orange pippin1823
Baldwin1826
wine-sap1826
Jonathan1831
Sturmer Pippin1831
rusty-coat1843
Newtowner1846
Northern Spy1847
Cornish gilliflowerc1850
Blenheim Orange1860
Cox1860
nutmeg pippin1860
McIntosh Red1876
Worcester1877
raspberry apple1894
delicious1898
Laxton's Superb1920
Melba apple1928
Melba1933
Mutsu1951
Newtown1953
discovery1964
1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. June 43 Tho would I seeke for Queene apples vnrype.
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §511 Few Fruits are coloured Red within; The Queen-apple is.
1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 537 The Queen Apple, those..of the Summer kind, are good Cyder Apples, mix'd with others.
1892 Times 13 Oct. 3/6 Messrs. Cheal and Sons..sent golden doyenne Bussoch.., red Worcester pearmain, and the Queen apples, ruddy Dartmouth, and transcendent crabs.
1936 H. V. Taylor Apples of Eng. iii. 33 The Queening or Quoining is first heard of in Tudor times. In later centuries the name was used for a whole group of apples with prominent angles or quoins, such as the Queen Apple illustrated by Gerarde.
Queen A.T. n. (also Queen At) Military slang (now disused) a Chief Commander of the (all female) A.T.S.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > leader or commander > officer by rank > [noun] > officer of other specific ranks
warden1297
constablec1300
sergeant of a band1548
gill-master1598
vinton1610
subcommander1612
exempt1700
exon1767
serrefiles1897
Queen A.T.1943
1943 J. L. Hunt & A. G. Pringle Service Slang 54 Queen At, a Chief Commander of the A[uxiliary] T[erritorial] S[ervice].
1947 N. Streatfeild Grass in Piccadilly 33 That queen A.T. of yours must have been a holy terror.
† queen-bird n. poetic Obsolete a swan.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Anseriformes (geese, etc.) > subfamily Cyginae (swans) > [noun] > member of genus Cygnus (miscellaneous) > cygnus olor (common swan)
swanc700
Apollo's swan?1592
mute swan1785
queen-bird1830
1830 M. R. Mitford Our Village IV. 286 Repeating..as we met the Queen-birds, ‘The swans on fair St. Mary's lake’.
a1834 C. Lamb Compl. Wks. (1935) 558 Queen-bird that sittest on thy shining nest, And thy young cygnets without sorrow hatchest.
queen butterfly n. a large danaid butterfly, Danaus gilippus, native to the Americas, having chiefly reddish-brownish wings with black borders.
ΚΠ
1941 Ann. Assoc. Amer. Geographers 31 67 The coastal marshes and islands comprise the most distinct faunistic region of the state. The familiar animals are..the Queen butterfly [etc.]
2003 Star-Telegr. (Texas) (Nexis) 10 May e 2 Milkweed serves as both a nectar source and a larval source for monarch and queen butterflies, two of the prettiest orange-and-black species.
queen cage n. Bee-keeping a small container for conveying or transferring a queen honeybee to a hive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > bee-keeping > [noun] > bee-keeping equipment
mantle1609
crown pina1642
queen cage1853
foundation1867
smoker1875
comb-foundation1880
honey bucket1886
bee-smoker1897
1853 L. L. Langstroth Hive & Honey-bee xi. 210 I adopt the German plan of confining the queen in what they call a queen-cage.
1954 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 142 524 A queen cage from which a queen had just been removed caused queenless bees to fan.
2004 Backwoods Home Mag. July 21/1 Gently wedge the queen cage between the top bars of the frames.
queen cake n. a small currant-cake, typically heart-shaped.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > heart-shaped cake
sweetheart1732
queen cake1734
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > small cake > types of small cake
lozengec1430
rundle1587
macaroon1611
cookie1701
Savoy biscuit1719
queen cake1734
madling cake1747
dough1777
butter biscuit1789
rock cake1815
biscuit1818
madeleine1829
éclair1861
fairy cake1867
puftaloon1871
Eccles cake1872
petit four1875
rock bun1879
baby cake1880
rock1892
marigold1896
sponge finger1906
muffin top1914
palmier1920
lamington1929
whoopee pie1929
mandazi1937
French fancy1969
fondant fancy1974
1734 J. Middleton & H. Howard 500 New Receipts 202 (heading) Fine Queen-Cakes.
1768 Chelmsford & Colchester Chron. 8 Aug. in C. Morsley News from Eng. Countryside (1979) 61 Some hungry villains, who..regaled themselves with pigeon-pye, twelve queen-cakes, and several bottles of liquor.
1840 F. Trollope Widow Married I. xii. 319 When I've done eating this one queen-cake more.
1894 W. B. Yeats Land of Heart's Desire 32 I will have queen cakes when you come to me!
1977 Radio Times 12 Mar. 16/4 They added a domestic touch by selling their own home produce, little queen cakes and jam.
1990 M. Binchy Circle of Friends (1995) i. 1 She greased the trays for the queen cakes with a scrap of butter paper.
queen cat n. a female cat capable of or used for breeding; cf. sense 12.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Felidae (feline) > felis domesticus (cat) > [noun] > female
doe-cat1611
queen cat1673
tabby1826
Tib-cat1828
queen1898
1673 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 53 A Wheen-Cat: a Queen-Cat.
1893 J. Jennings Domest. or Fancy Cats iv. 31 At what age should the queen cat breed?
1960 Amer. Speech 35 300 Has this name [sc. queen] arisen from the often-observed imperious bearing of queen cats?
1968 Times 1 Feb. 12/8 With hair on end like a ruffled queen cat.
queen cell n. Bee-keeping a hollow wax structure in the nest of a honeybee colony (usually one of several on the edge of a comb), in which a larva is raised as a sexual female and potential new queen.
ΚΠ
1792 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 82 166 A queen cell, which is made while the bees are shut up, is formed by breaking down three common cells into one.
1843 Zoologist 1 158 I had the satisfaction of seeing that one queen-cell had been commenced.
a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xiii. 269 Queen-cells are started and equipped so that there will be a choice of new queens to replace the old one.
1992 H. R. C. Riches Handbk. Beekeeping vi. 61 Sometimes a colony will start queen cells and then for some reason will abandon the impulse to swarm and destroy the cells.
Queen City n. chiefly U.S. the pre-eminent or most admired city (of a particular region) (cf. Queen of the West n. at Phrases 1b).
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > [noun] > chief town or capital city
headeOE
mother-boroughc1225
master-borougha1325
sedea1387
chief1393
master-townc1400
metropolitan?a1439
capital city1439
master citya1450
stade1481
metropolea1500
capital1525
seatc1540
head-place1546
chamber1555
mother city1570
metropolis1584
metropolite1591
madam-town1593
capital town1601
seat-town1601
metropolie1633
megapolis1638
county seat1803
Queen City1807
metrop1888
Metroland1951
1807 B. Lambert tr. C. Villers Ess. Spirit & Infl. Reformation 150 If Athens, if Delphos, if Corinth, Pisa, Lacedemon, Mytilene, Smyrna, had not enjoyed this peculiar individuality, and if one queen-city had attracted to itself all the glory of Greece, would so many great men and great virtues have blazed forth in every part of it?
1819 Village Rec. (Westchester, Penn.) 8 Dec. 4 Pittsburg! what with thy steam works, thy glass-works, thy salt-works, and thy numberless manufactories, thou mayest surely be called Queen city of the west.
1838 B. Drake (title) Tales and sketches from the Queen City [sc. Cincinnati].
1880 Harper's Mag. Dec. 70 Local prejudice..and proverbial procrastination..unite to keep ‘Chinatown’ practically a sealed book to the better-class denizens of the Queen City of the Pacific [sc. San Francisco].
1883 W. Whitman Specimen Days in Specimen Days & Collect 147 So much for my feeling toward the Queen City of the plains and peaks [sc. Denver].
1943 Colorado Mag. Jan. 15 The Queen City of the Plains [sc. Denver] started in 1878.
1979 M. G. Eberhart Bayou Road v. 47 How could the Yankees have injured..New Orleans, the Queen City, so completely.
2005 A. J. Singer (title) Stepping out in Cincinnati: Queen City entertainment 1900–1960.
queen closer n. Building a quarter of a brick used to close the end of a wall or course of brickwork; cf. closer n.2 3, king closer n. at king n. Compounds 4a.
ΚΠ
1826 J. Gwilt Rudim. Archit. ii. 77 It is necessary to interpose a quarter brick..called a queen closer.
1944 E. Lucas in R. Greenhalgh Pract. Builder ii. 54/1 Double Flemish Bond consists of alternate stretcher and header in each course... At stopped ends and square corners a queen closer is placed next the quoin header, as in English bond.
1990 Pract. Householder Apr. 38/3 With other bonds, queen closers or three quarter bats have to be incorporated to maintain the bonding on each face of the wall.
queen conch n. the spiral shell of a large marine gastropod mollusc, Strombus gigas (family Strombidae), found in the Caribbean, bearing spines and a widely flaring lip; (also) the mollusc itself; cf. queen's conch n. at Compounds 3b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Gastropoda > [noun] > superorder Branchifera > order Prosobranchiata > section Siphonostomata > family Strombidae > strombus gigas (queen conch)
conch?1527
conchyle1610
concha1755
queen conch1808
queen's conch1812
roller1815
horse-conch1885
1808 Sketches of Character I. viii. 163 That Queen Conc wants only colouring to persuade us it is a real one.
1885 A. Brassey In Trades 303 Some years ago the queen-conch (a shell with a delicate pink lining) was in great demand.
1960 H. S. Zim Guide to Everglades 45 Queen conch is not only beautiful but the animal is excellent eating. Try conch chowder, a typical dish of the Florida Keys.
1990 Skin Diver Mar. 84/3 Along the sand channel large horse and queen conch can be found.
Queen Consort n. [compare post-classical Latin regina consors (1280 in a British source)] the wife of a king; = sense 2; cf. Prince Consort at prince n. 7.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > royalty > [noun] > royal person(s) > queen > of a king
queeneOE
Queen Consort1665
1665 W. Killigrew Three Playes (title page) Three playes written by Sir William Killigrew, Vice-Chamberlain to Her Majesty the Queen Consort.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. i. iv. 212 The queen of England is either queen regent, queen consort, or queen dowager.
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. III. 299 Since Margaret of Anjou, no queen-consort had exercised such weight in the political affairs of England.
1917 Mod. Lang. Notes 32 339 It was..made..a part of the dower rights of the queen consort.
2005 Daily Tel. 11 Feb. 4/5 Historically, the wife of the King automatically becomes Queen, although the formal title is Queen Consort.
queencraft n. rare after 18th cent. the art of ruling as a queen; statecraft as practised by a queen; cf. kingcraft n., statecraft n.
ΚΠ
1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ix. 54 Elizabeth shewing much Queen-Craft, in procuring the votes of the Nobility.
a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Kent 67 She [sc. Elizabeth I] was well skilled in the Queen-craft.
1713 ‘Philanax Episcopius’ Antidotum Sarisburiense 14 Q. Elizabeth..who had the true Spirit of Queen Craft.
1784 T. Tyers Conversat. Polit. & Familiar xviii. 159 And I was fit for the times I lived in; for they required much simulation and dissimulation, and a great deal of queen-craft.
1982 M. Z. Bradley Mists of Avalon iv. v. 708 I cannot imagine how you have dwelt in Uriens' kingdom as his queen so long, and not learned more of queencraft.
queen cup n. a woodland plant of western North America, Clintonia uniflora (family Liliaceae), bearing a solitary white cuplike flower.
ΚΠ
1915 M. Armstrong & J. J. Thornber Field Bk. Western Wild Flowers 50 Queen-cup, White Clintonia. Clintonia uniflora. In rich moist soil, in shady woods, we find this lovely flower, with a white chalice and heart of pure gold.
1930 Nature Mag. Mar. 156/1 Gaillardias line the open trails, which, when they turn to wind among deeper woods, disclose twinflowers and white queen-cups.
1973 Islander (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 6 May 2/1 Valley forests were alight with..queen cup [etc.].
Queen Dowager n. the widow of a king (frequently as a title).
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > queen > [noun] > queen-dowager
Queen Dowager1556
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > royalty > [noun] > royal person(s) > queen > queen-dowager
queen dowrier1548
Queen Dowager1556
queen mother1560
mother queen1591
queen-widowa1623
Queen Mum1953
1556 in Cal. State Papers Scotl. (1898) I. 197 At a parliament at Edinburgh. Mary the Queen Dowager demanded a perpetual yearly tax.
1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 6 To remaine with the Queene Dowager her Mother.
1727 D. Defoe Syst. Magick i. ii. 43 The Queen Dowager was with Child, and would bring forth a Prince.
1846 J. H. Ingraham Bonfield xi. 75 ‘Not a word, cousin!’ said the king severely... ‘This doubt I will remove at once by application to the Queen dowager, my honored mother.’
1955 Econ. Hist. Rev. 8 47 The Queen Dowager was received at Stowe in August 1840.
2002 Times 10 Apr. 7/3 The Garter King of Arms..stepped to the coffin..and solemnly declaimed the full styles and titles of ‘the late Most High, Most Mighty and Most Excellent Princess Elizabeth, Queen Mother and Queen Dowager.’
† queen dowrier n. Scottish Obsolete = Queen Dowager n.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > royalty > [noun] > royal person(s) > queen > queen-dowager
queen dowrier1548
Queen Dowager1556
queen mother1560
mother queen1591
queen-widowa1623
Queen Mum1953
1548–9 in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. viii. 94 Princess Marie, be the grace of God Quene Dowriar of Scotland.
1555 Sc. Acts Mary (1597) §28 In presence of the Queenis Grace, Marie, Queene Dowrier [1566 Dowariar], and Regent of Scotland.
1656 in J. A. Clyde Hope's Major Practicks (1938) II. 24 Quein dowrier.
queen-elect n. a woman chosen, elected, or expected to become queen.
ΚΠ
1588 W. Elderton Lament. Follie (single sheet) Let vs pray for our defence, our worthy Queene elect.
1597 W. Warner Albions Eng. ix. xliiii. 213 That vnto thee, his Queene-elect, no Issue letting was.
1728 Mem. Eng. Officer 315 That Princess, pursuant to the Orders she had received from the King, pass'd over into Italy to accompany the Queen Elect into her own Dominions.
1866 W. S. Gilbert Ruy Blas (front matter) Maria. Queen-elect of Spain.
1953 T. S. R. Boase Eng. Art vii. 190 The queen-elect later departed with a dowry of gold and silver plate.
2005 Advocate (Baton Rouge, Louisiana) (Nexis) 26 June 4 h This year's coterie includes queen-elect Zaine Blanche Kasem.
queen-empress n. a ruler who is simultaneously queen of one territory and empress of another; cf. empress queen at empress n. Compounds 1.
ΚΠ
1745 West-India Monthly Packet of Intelligence Nov. The high Demands made by the Queen-Empress.
1813 Nashville Whig 3 Aug. Her Majesty the Queen Empress and Regent has received the following news relating to the situation of the army.
1978 L. H. Gann & P. Duignan Rulers of Brit. Afr., 1870–1914 ii. 45 The Indian subcontinent, subject to the British queen-empress, was administered through the Indian civil service.
2012 Church Times 1 June 26/1 The film of Queen Victoria, the Queen-Empress, at the steps of St Paul's Cathedral, for a short outside service on 22 June 1897.
queen excluder n. Bee-keeping a metal screen with holes large enough for worker honeybees to pass through but too small to allow the passage of the queen, used to exclude the queen from certain sections of the hive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > bee-keeping > [noun] > beehive > parts of
moutha1398
stool?1523
skirt1555
hackle1609
smoot1615
imp1618
bolster1623
cop1623
underlaya1642
hack1658
tee-hole1669
frame1673
hood1686
alighting board1780
body box1823
superhive1847
super1855
quilt1870
queen excluder1881
bar-super1884
brood box1888
1881 T. W. Cowan Brit. Bee-keeper's Guide Bk. vii. 33 One of the features of this hive is the possibility of preventing swarming, by confining the queen..by placing a zinc excluder..near the front of the hive.]
1881 T. W. Cowan Brit. Bee-keeper's Guide Bk. vii. 134/1 Queen-excluder.
1930 W. Herrod-Hempsall Bee-keeping I. ix. 447 The first queen excluder, made from wood, was invented and used in Scotland in 1849.
1998 Harper's Mag. Sept. 58/1 A fine metal grid called a ‘queen excluder’ is often laid on top of the second box to prevent the queen from climbing up into the supers..and filling them with eggs.
† queen-features n. poetic Obsolete (with reference to a woman's face) queenly features.
ΚΠ
1871 J. Hay Pike County Ballads 113 The still queen-features glorious In the dawn of love's first gleams.
queen-flower n. = queen of flowers n. at Phrases 1a.
ΚΠ
1869 T. T. Lynch Flora & Flowers in Memorials Theophilus Trinal (ed. 3) 194 And on thy open bosom would rest, Most blest, The queen-flower, Rose.
1909 Westm. Gaz. 17 Aug. 4/1 There were vegetables, fruit bushes and fruit trees, all in vigorous health, there were flowers, and the queen-flower in her glory.
1940 E. J. H. Corner Wayside Trees of Malaya I. 430 L[agerstrœmia] flos-reginæ... Rose of India, Crêpe Flower, Queen Flower.
1997 D. J. Mabberley Plant-bk. (ed. 2) 388 Lagerstroemia L. Lythraceae... L. speciosa (L.) Pers. (L. flos-reginae, pride-of-India, queen-flower, pyinma, India & China to Aus.).
queen-gold n. now historical = queen's gold n. at Compounds 3b.
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society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > [noun] > revenue derived from fines or confiscations > as revenue of king's consort
queen-gold1383
1383 Rolls of Parl. III. 164/2 Prient les Communes..que nule somme que l'empell Quene-gold ferroit leve de null q'ad garde ou mariage du Grant notre Seigneur le Roy.
1679 T. Blount Fragmenta Antiquitatis 36 Queen-gold is a Royal duty of Ten in the Hundred.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 221 The queen..is intitled to an antient perquisite called queen-gold or aurum reginae.
1875 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. II. xv. 218 (note) In 1255 the citizens refused to pay queen-gold.
1995 J. C. Parsons in J. Carpenter & S.-B. MacLean Power of Weak vi. 164 John may have had the exchequer collect queen-gold in Isabella's name.
queen lily n. †(a) (chiefly poetic) a lily (obsolete); (b) any of the Central and South American bulbous plants constituting the genus Phaedranassa (family Amaryllidaceae), often grown as ornamentals for their umbels of funnel-shaped pink or crimson flowers.
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1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the Third 12 Queen Lilies! and ye painted Populace! Who dwell in Fields, and lead ambrosial lives.
1786 J. West Misc. Poetry 9 Boast not, queen lily, thy attire of snow; Nor thou, vermillion rose.
1855 Ld. Tennyson Maud xxi. ix, in Maud & Other Poems 71 In gloss of satin and glimmer of pearls, Queen lily and rose in one.
1887 G. Nicholson Illustr. Dict. Gardening III. 89/1 Phædranassa (from phaidros, gay, and anassa, a queen; alluding to the beauty of the flowers). Queen Lily... Ord. Amaryllideæ.
1902 T. W. Sanders Encycl. Gardening (ed. 5) 284 Phædranassa (Queen Lily)... Warm & cool greenhouse flowering bulbous plants.
2004 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 25 Apr. 14/1 Lachenalias are fast compared with the queen lily, Phaedranassa dubia, which takes a full year of daily watering before bothering to germinate.
Queen Mum n. colloquial (an affectionate name for) Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother (1900–2002), consort of King George VI of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and mother of Queen Elizabeth II.
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society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > queen > [noun] > queen-dowager > specific
Queen Mum1953
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > royalty > [noun] > royal person(s) > queen > queen-dowager
queen dowrier1548
Queen Dowager1556
queen mother1560
mother queen1591
queen-widowa1623
Queen Mum1953
1953 B. Britten Let. 23 Feb. in Lett. from Life (2008) IV. 134 The Queen Mum & Princess Margaret..often go around together.
1960 L. R. Banks L-shaped Room ix. 135 I kept it a treat. I could've had the Queen Mum to tea there and not been ashamed.
1974 J. Gardner Corner Men xiii. 185 What do you think I do all day..? Play canasta with the Queen Mum and help feed the royal corgis?
1993 Q Jan. 7/4 I like the Queen Mum, me.
2003 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Oct. 292/2 The Queen Mum celebrated her 85th birthday by strapping herself into the cockpit's jump seat and watching the pilots throttle that baby past Mach One.
queen olive n. a large oblong Spanish olive with an elongated stone.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > stone fruit > olive
oil berrya1382
olive1381
olive berry1526
almacle1562
queen olive1866
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > stone fruit > [noun] > olive > types of
almacle1562
queen olive1866
manzanilla1891
1866 Whig & Courier (Bangor, Maine) 4 May 2/5 (advt.) Pure and Strong Spices, Queen Olives, Fresh Citron, [etc.].
1942 H. W. von Loesecke Outl. Food Technol. 85 The ‘Queen Olive’..came from Spain, although hybrids are being planted in California.
1974 Observer 8 Sept. (Colour Suppl.) 66/3 The country around Seville in Spain is green olive country, both for the manzanillas and the huge queen olives.
† queen pigeon n. Obsolete rare the Victoria crowned pigeon, Goura victoria; cf. queen's pigeon n. at Compounds 3b.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.
ΚΠ
1890 Webster's Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. at Queen Queen pigeon, any one of several species of very large and handsome crested ground pigeons of the genus Goura.
queen-pin n. colloquial a woman who is essential to the success of a group, organization, or operation; cf. kingpin n. 2a.
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the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [noun] > one who is important > one who is essential or has central role
Atlas1589
keystone1641
protagonist1671
firmament1701
leading light1707
pivotman1782
kingpin1858
queen-pin1907
1907 J. K. Bangs in Wit & Humor of Amer. V. 2020 She was so strong-minded that..in the last year of her single blessedness she was the Queen-pin among the girls of her set.
1941 P. Reniers Springs of Virginia xv. 251 Lovable Mrs. Thomas Carter, the queen-pin, who had mothered so many of the beaux at Pampatike, her husband's school.
1972 Daily Tel. 21 Jan. 13/1 Welcome to Elaine May..not just as a voice but as the queen-pin—director, author and actress.
1992 D. Lessing Afr. Laughter 354 Cathie whose energy incandesces not only her, but everyone else, is the queen-pin of the Team, one of the world's natural organizers.
queen pine n. now rare a cultivated variety of pineapple (cf. king pine n. (a) at king n. Compounds 4d).
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1638 T. Verney Let. in F. P. Verney et al. Mem. Verney Family Civil War (1892) I. vi. 149 The last and best fruit is your pine-apple, and there are two sorts—a Queen pine, and another.
1766 Compl. Farmer at Pine-apple There are two sorts of the ananas principally cultivated in England; one called the queen-pine, the other the Montserrat.
1855 P. Neill et al. Pract. Gardener's Compan. (rev. ed.) 342 The Queen Pine is very generally cultivated. Its fruit is of a cylindrical or tankard shape..and sometimes weighs three pounds.
1933 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 8 June 12/7 The Queen pine has a decidedly strong aroma and taste, but is full sized and more roundly shaped than any of the others.
queen pudding n. = queen of puddings n. at Phrases 1b; cf. queen's pudding n. at Compounds 3b.In quot. 1839 the exact nature of the dish referred to is uncertain.
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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > puddings > [noun] > suet puddings
whiting1674
suet pudding1694
roly-poly1835
queen pudding1839
queen's pudding1852
suety Isaac1890
1839 F. Marryat Diary in Amer.: Pt. 2nd I. iv. 108 Queen Pudding.
1889 J. Whitehead Steward's Handbk. iv. 353/1 Jelly pudding, a bread custard or corn-starch custard baked, spread over with jelly, and meringued; same as queen pudding and Oswego pudding.
1971 Jean Bowring Cookbook 227 Queen pudding. [Recipe follows].
2006 Hobart (Austral.) Mercury (Nexis) 30 Aug. 29 The Queen pudding is baked custard made special by its golden meringue topping and a layer of jam.
† Queen-Rectrix n. Obsolete = Queen Regnant n.
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society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > queen > [noun] > in own right
Queen-Rectrix1634
Queen Regnant1651
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 195 Which filthy sinne was since corrected by a Queene Rectrix.
1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 198 A late Queen-Rectrix.
Queen-Regent n. (a) a queen who acts as a regent, esp. (in continental Europe) the mother of the king or queen acting as regent during his or her minority; †(b) = Queen Regnant n. (obsolete).
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society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > regent > [noun] > queen regent
madam regentc1475
Queen-Regenta1572
a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. 293 To bring this head to pass..the quein regent left no point of the compas unsailled.
1618 S. Daniel Coll. Hist. Eng. 129 The Queen Regent had erected the Country of Poictou to a Conty, and made Earle there of Alphonso her Sonne.
1671 T. Shadwell Humorists iii. 38 Ah, my Queen Regent, I salute the hem of your Garment.
1761 Acct. Ceremonies Coronation George III & Queen Charlotte 10/1 That Princess [sc. Mary II] being Queen Regent as well as Queen Consort.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. i. iv. 212 The queen of England is either queen regent, queen consort, or queen dowager.
1835 H. W. Herbert Brothers II. xxiii. 225 The youthful monarch—or, to speak more properly, the queen-regent, and her powerful minister, triumphant in his brief success—was holding his first court since their return from St. Germains.
1927 H. Peake & H. J. Fleure Priests & Kings 52 Azag-Bau is said to have acted as queen-regent during the twenty-five years that Gimil-Sin ruled in Kish.
1998 Coin News June 51/1 Under the ultra-pious Queen-Regent there had been an enormous increase in the number of religious orders.
Queen Regnant n. a reigning queen; = sense 3.
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society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > queen > [noun] > in own right
Queen-Rectrix1634
Queen Regnant1651
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > royalty > [noun] > royal person(s) > queen > specific who rules in her own right
Queen Regnant1651
1651 Life & Reigne King Charls 111 Restlesse in her ambitious contrivements to dispossesse the Queen Regnant of the Crowne.
1733 T. Salmon Mod. Hist. XIX. xxxii. 378 This being the first Queen Regnant that had set upon the Throne of England since the Conquest.
1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) IV. 144 Neither the king, nor a queen regnant, can convey in this manner, nor can a corporation.
1839 Encycl. Brit. XIX. 513/2 The husband of a queen regnant, as Prince George of Denmark was to Queen Anne, is her subject.
1921 L. Strachey Queen Victoria iii. 86 Subsequent constitutional practice has determined that a Queen Regnant must accede to the wishes of her Prime Minister as to the personnel of the female part of her Household.
2006 Western Mail (Cardiff) (Nexis) 10 June 25 There is no official position within the monarchy for the husband of a Queen Regnant.
queen scallop n. a small edible scallop, Aequipecten (formerly Chlamys) opercularis (family Pectinidae), found off the coasts of western Europe and the Mediterranean; cf. sense 10b.
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the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > shell-fish or mollusc > scallop
scale-oyster1419
scallopc1440
escallop1610
queen1803
quin1840
squin1864
queen scallop1955
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > section Asiphonida > family Pectinidae > genus Pecten > member of
scallopc1440
oyster-scalp1552
clam1593
escallop1610
queen1803
quin1840
squin1864
queen scallop1955
queenie1972
magnificent scallop1990
1955 Jrnl. Animal Ecol. 24 498 Investigations into the growth, breeding and ecology of the queen scallop, Chlamys opercularis.
1959 A. C. Hardy Open Sea II. vi. 143 (caption) The queen scallop..showing the swimming action.
1993 Independent on Sunday (Nexis) 24 Oct. 69 I started with queen scallops—the little round ones—14 of them, still attached to their flat, frilly undershells, very lightly grilled with garlic and butter.
queen-sized adj. = queen-size adj.; cf. king-sized adj.In quot. 1946 with reference to a woman taking queen-size clothing.
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the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > largeness > [adjective] > of larger than normal size
outsize1812
outsized1830
oversizeda1834
queen-size1906
king-size1909
oversize1909
king-sized1940
queen-sized1946
1946 Mansfield (Ohio) News Jrnl. 4 Nov. 7/2 Her price line is conveniently lowered by her junior size, but even a queen-sized aspirant could make do on slightly more.
1955 Sun (Baltimore) 19 Mar. 9/4 Mrs Daniel J. Flood, wife of a Democratic Congressman from Pennsylvania, is introducing a new fad here—‘queen-sized’ colored cigarettes to match her costume.
1975 A. Bergman Hollywood & Le Vine (1976) ix. 123 A queen-sized mattress.
1992 B. Geist Little League Confid. Introd. 8 Your oversized baseball pants are billowing in the spring breeze like queen-sized sheets hung out to dry.
queen snake n. a harmless aquatic colubrid snake of central and eastern North America, Regina (formerly Natrix) septemvittata, which has a mainly brown body with a yellowish stripe along each side.
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1898 Landmark (Statesville, N. Carolina) 18 Nov. The brown queen snake.
1958 R. Conant Field Guide Reptiles & Amphibians U.S. 123 Queen snake has 4 brown stripes down belly, and yellow side stripe is on scale rows 1 and 2.
1987 Catesbeiana 7 19 (title) New county records for the queen snake Regina septemvittata in the central piedmont of Virginia.
queen staysail n. Nautical a triangular maintopmast staysail in a schooner yacht.The sail was apparently first designed by Capt. Nat Herreshoff (1848–1938) for his 1906 racing schooner ‘Queen’ (see quot. 1948).
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > sail > [noun] > sail set on a stay > other staysails
mainstaysail1669
storm-staysail1850
spilling-staysail1851
queen staysail1922
queen's staysail1926
1922 N.Y. Times 3 Aug. 10/8 Vagrant carried what is known as a queen staysail.
1933 Portsmouth (New Hampsh.) Herald 23 June 1/2 Going slightly northeast with a southeast wind the ‘skipper’ employed the queen staysail, which gave him a little more canvas.
1948 L. F. Herreshoff in Rudder Aug. 58 Because previous staysails had to be lowered away in tacking, when my father designed the schooner Queen he did away with the triatic stay and in its place ran a stay called a ‘fresh water stay’ between the topmast heads. This staysail with which a schooner can tack is called a ‘Queen staysail’, as it was first used on the schooner Queen.
1994 E. Marino Sailmaker's Apprentice (2001) iii. 89 The queen staysail..is a tremendous reaching sail of light construction set from the mainmast head.
queen stitch n. Embroidery an elaborate stitch forming a diamond shape.
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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > stitch > other
chain-stitch1598
French knot1623
picot1623
petty-point1632
tent-stitch1639
brede-stitch1640
herringbone stitch1659
satin stitch1664
feather-stitch1835
Gobelin stitch1838
crowfoot1839
seedingc1840
German stitch1842
petit point1842
long stitch1849
looped stitch1851
hem-stitch1853
loop-stitch1853
faggot stitch1854
spider-wheel1868
dot stitch1869
picot stitch1869
slip-stitch1872
coral-stitch1873
stem stitch1873
rope stitch1875
Vienna cross stitch1876
witch stitch1876
pin stitch1878
seed stitch1879
cushion-stitch1880
Japanese stitch1880
darning-stitch1881
Kensington stitch1881
knot-stitch1881
bullion knot1882
cable pattern1882
Italian stitch1882
lattice-stitch1882
queen stitch1882
rice stitch1882
shadow-stitch1882
ship-ladder1882
spider-stitch1882
stem1882
Vandyke stitch1882
warp-stitch1882
wheel-stitch1882
basket-stitch1883
outline stitch1885
pointing1888
bullion stitchc1890
cable-stitchc1890
oriental stitchc1890
Turkish stitchc1890
Romanian stitch1894
shell-stitch1895
saddle stitch1899
magic stitch1900
plumage-stitch1900
saddle stitching1902
German knot stitch1903
trellis1912
padding stitch1913
straight stitch1918
Hungarian stitch1921
trellis stitch1921
lazy daisy1923
diamond stitchc1926
darning1930
faggot filling stitch1934
fly stitch1934
magic chain stitch1934
glove stitch1964
pad stitch1964
1631 J. Taylor Needles Excellency sig. A4 Bred-stitch, Fisher-stitch, Irish-stitch, and Queene-stitch.
c1840 Lady Wilton Art of Needlework xx. 317 There are tambour-stitch, satin—chain—and queen-stitches.
1882 S. F. A. Caulfeild & B. C. Saward Dict. Needlework 192 Queen Stitch.—Also known as Double Square. [Description follows.]
1911 Newport (Rhode Island) Mercury 20 May Freelove Easton..proposes to teach reading, sewing, marking, irish stitch, queen stitch and knitting.
1996 Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, Va.) (Nexis) 11 Sept. 2 A program to learn the basic cross stitch, the queen stitch and the Algerian eye stitch, will be at 1 p.m. Saturday at the Francis Land House.
queen substance n. Entomology a mixture of pheromones produced by a queen honeybee, which inhibits the development of the worker bees' ovaries and prevents them from constructing queen cells and rearing new queens; any of the pheromones constituting this mixture.
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the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > superfamily Apoidea (bees) > queen bee > substance produced by
queen substance1954
1954 C. G. Butler in Trans. Royal Entomol. Soc. 105 14 It is necessary for the bees to have physical contact with their queen in order to obtain this ‘queen substance’.
1972 Sci. Amer. Sept. 56/3 The ‘queen substances’ are outstanding in the complexity and pervasiveness of their role in social organization.
1992 H. R. C. Riches Handbk. Beekeeping ii. 16 [The queen's] other important function is to produce pheromones from her mandibular glands, called ‘Queen substances’, which the workers lick from her body and distribute amongst themselves.
queen-suit n. Cards a set of cards belonging to the same suit and headed by the queen.
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society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > card or cards > [noun] > combinations of cards
cater-trey?a1500
mournival1530
sequence1575
pair royal1608
septieme1651
tierce1659
pair1674
purtaunte1688
quart major1718
matrimonya1743
queen-suit1744
quart1746
prial1776
flux1798
fredon1798
tricon1798
intrigue1830
straight1841
marriage1861
under-sequence1863
straight five1864
double pair-royal?1870
run?1870
short suit1876
four1883
fourchette1885
meld1887
doubleton1906
canasta1948
1744 E. Hoyle Short Treat. Game Piquet i. 9 The younger-hand is generally to carry Guards to his Queen-Suits.
1927 M. C. Work Bridge Pointers & Tests 81 The Dummy play is little better than a guess, as the leader may have opened an Ace-suit or a Queen-suit.
1946 Times 23 Jan. 6/3 If the opener has a choice of two five-card suits, one headed by the ace and the other by the queen, the lead of the queen suit is recommended.
queen triggerfish n. a deep-bodied, blue and yellow triggerfish, Balistes vetula, found mainly in the tropical West Atlantic and Caribbean; also called old wife.
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the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Tetraodontiformes (puffers) > [noun] > family Balistidae (trigger-fish)
old wife1585
trigger-fish1849
queen triggerfish1906
1906 Englewood (Chicago) Times 15 June 2/4 The combination of wonderful blues and greens, purples, pale yellows and luscious rose tints are calculated to put a Queen Trigger fish to shame.
1924 J. T. Nichols in J. O. La Gorce Bk. Fishes 166/2 The gaudy colors of the Queen Trigger-fish..are an exception among such forms.
1986 Lethaia 19 339 Remains of jawed polychaetes were recovered from stomach contents of queen triggerfish (Balistes vetula L.).
queen truss n. Building a truss supported by queen posts; cf. king truss n. at king n. Compounds 4a.
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1840 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 3 39/1 The roof is in one span, with a queen truss open to the straining piece.
1923 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 15 May 5/1 It was proposed in this connection that Harris County undertake the repairs to the queen truss and the cost be divided equally.
1989 Daily Herald (Chicago) 9 Nov. e5 The modified queen truss style bridge with upward posts is made from Douglas fir and will replicate the type of bridge prevalent at the turn-of-the-century.
queen wasp n. the single reproductive female in a colony of social wasps; cf. sense 9 and queen bee n.; cf. also king-wasp n. at king n. Compounds 4c.Newly mated queen wasps hibernate through the winter and found a new colony in the spring.
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the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > the wasps > queen
king-wasp1724
queen1724
queen wasp1724
sow-wasp1875
1724 Philos. Trans. 1722–3 (Royal Soc.) 33 59 The Queen-Wasps..were weak, and did not buz long.
1827 E. Bevan Honey-bee 187 The queen-wasps were unusually numerous in the spring of that year.
a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. vii. 137 The resting chrysalid..is rather different from the comatose queen humble-bee or queen wasp.
1971 Country Life 1 July 29/3 I recently discovered two queen wasps beginning to build their nests on the undersides..of our nesting boxes.
queen-widow n. = Queen Dowager n.
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society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > royalty > [noun] > royal person(s) > queen > queen-dowager
queen dowrier1548
Queen Dowager1556
queen mother1560
mother queen1591
queen-widowa1623
Queen Mum1953
a1623 Sir G. Buck Hist. Richard III (1979) (modernized text) iv. 190 Neither the queen widow nor her daughter were altered or estranged, but continued constant in their desire and expectation.
1724 London Gaz. No. 6306/2 The Small Pox are come out very violently on the Queen Widow.
1837 Times 29 Dec. 5/6 The Queen widow Donna Maria Christina de Bourbon.
1891 C. Creighton Hist. Epidemics Brit. 288 The queen-widow (mother of Edward V) had died of the plague.
1927 Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 48 207 The marriage of Cleopatra..is a testimony to the wealth and prestige of the queen-widow.
1991 N. Rubin Isabella of Castille iv. 26 The queen widow supervised the youngsters' education.
queenwood n. the wood of any of several tropical trees, esp. Parapiptadenia rigida of South America, Daviesia arborea of north-east Australia (both of the family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)), and Davidsonia pruriens (family Davidsoniaceae) of Queensland; (also) any of these trees; cf. kingwood n. at king n. Compounds 4a.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > non-British timber trees > [noun] > Australasian
tallow-tree1704
rata1773
rosewood1779
red mahogany1798
ironbark1799
wild orange1802
red gum1803
rewarewa1817
red cedar1818
black-butted gum1820
Huon pine1820
miro1820
oak1821
horoeka1831
hinau1832
maire1832
totara1832
blackbutt1833
marri1833
raspberry jam tree1833
kohekohe1835
puriri1835
tawa1839
hickory1840
whau1840
pukatea1841
titoki1842
butterbush1843
iron gum1844
York gum1846
mangeao1848
myall1848
ironheart1859
lilly-pilly1860
belah1862
flindosa1862
jarrah1866
silky oak1866
teak of New South Wales1866
Tolosa-wood1866
turmeric-tree1866
walking-stick palm1869
tooart1870
queenwood1873
tarairi1873
boree1878
yate1880
axe-breaker1884
bangalay1884
coachwood1884
cudgerie1884
feather-wood1884
forest mahogany1884
maiden's blush1884
swamp mahogany1884
tallow-wood1884
teak of New Zealand1884
wandoo1884
heartwood1885
ivorywood1887
Jimmy Low1887
Burdekin plum1889
corkwood1889
pigeon-berry ash1889
red beech1889
silver beech1889
turnip-wood1891
black bean1895
red bean1895
pinkwood1898
poplar1898
rose mahogany1898
quandong1908
lancewood1910
New Zealand honeysuckle1910
Queensland walnut1919
mahogany gum1944
Australian mahogany1948
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > woods of leguminous trees
rosewood1660
partridge-wood1830
pyinkado1832
partridge cane1843
pheasant wood1852
koko1862
itaka-wood1866
queenwood1873
muninga1888
bubinga1912
sucupira1924
wenge1963
1873 R. Hunt Weale's Dict. Terms Archit. (ed. 4) 353/1 Queen-wood, sent from the Brazils, is a term applied to woods of the green-heart and cocoa-wood character.
1889 J. H. Maiden Useful Native Plants Austral. 415 Daviesia arborea..‘Queen-wood’. This wood is hard, close-grained, with beautiful pink streaked lines.
1902 G. S. Boulger Wood ii. 300 Queen-wood..North-eastern Australia... Streaked with pink, hard, close-grained, susceptible of a fine polish.
1997 D. J. Mabberley Plant-bk. (ed. 2) 602 Queenwood, Daviesia arborea.
C3. Compounds with queen's.
a. In titles or appellations, with the sense of ‘belonging to, in the service of, the queen’, ‘royal’ (cf. king n. Compounds 5), as Queen's bench, counsel, evidence, highway, keys, letter, messenger, pay, peace, prison, servant, shilling, speech, wardrobe: see the second element.
Queen's Advocate n. now historical (a) the chief legal officer of the Crown in Scotland, Ireland, and certain Commonwealth countries; cf. King's Advocate n. at king n. Compounds 5b; Lord Advocate n.; (b) British a legal representative of the Crown in an ecclesiastical court.
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1704 Acct. Proc. Privy Council Scotl. against D. Baillie 12 The Queen's Advocate told him, he would prosecute him upon the Statute of Leasing-Making.
1837 Morning Post 16 Nov. The Queen's Advocate then addressed the Court on behalf of the churchwardens.
1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 205/1 The High Court of Admiralty of Ireland..having a judge, a registrar, a marshal and a king's or queen's advocate.
1968 Internat. & Compar. Law Q. 17 269 The Legal Adviser to the Foreign Office became the repositary of the vestigial remains of the office of Queen's Advocate.
2006 P. Peebles Hist. Sri Lanka v. 61 The Queen's Advocate begged the governor to pardon the monk.
Queen's Champion n. (in the United Kingdom) the holder of a hereditary office whose traditional role is to issue a formal challenge at coronation ceremonies in defence of the queen’s title to the throne; this office or role; cf. King's Champion n. at king n. Compounds 5b, champion n. 2c.Although the Queen's (or King's) Champion still has a role in coronations, George IV's ceremony in 1820 was the last to feature the formal challenge.
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1739 J. Oldmixon Hist. Eng.: Elizabeth I 620 The Earl of Cumberland, the Queen's Champion.., and others behaved with a great Dexterity and Bravery.
1852 Gentleman's Mag. May 521/1 The present Henry Dymoke esq. of Scrivelsby, now Queen's Champion by the tenure of that manor.
1953 Life 1 June 19 (caption) Queen's Champion..is commoner Captain John Dymoke, whose family have held office since 1377.
2015 Grimsby Tel. (Nexis) 1 Apr. 11 The Queen's Champion only comes into his own at Coronations. At the Coronation of our present Queen, Colonel Dymoke..carried the Union Standard in the great Abbey procession.
Queen's Preacher n. British (now historical) (during the reign of a queen) any one of four clergymen appointed as itinerant preachers to promote Protestant doctrine in areas of Lancashire where Roman Catholicism persisted after the Reformation; cf. King's Preacher n. at king n. Compounds 5b.The office was created by Queen Elizabeth I in 1599 and was abolished in 1845, by which time it had come to be regarded as a sinecure.
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1600 Bp. Vaughn Let. 20 Feb. in Hist. MSS Comm.: Cal. MSS Marquis of Salisbury (1904) X. 41 in Parl. Papers Cd. 2052 (modernized text) LXVIII. 44 I have seated the Queen's Preachers in Lancashire.., I have put one in every part of the county where there are most recusants.
1713 E. Calamy Abridgem. Baxter's Hist. Life & Times (ed. 2) II. 404 The 50l. per Annum, bequeath'd by Queen Elizabeth to Four itenerant Preachers in Lancashire. I suppose the Allowance..is still continu'd, to Four such Persons, who are call'd the King's or Queen's Preachers.
1869 R. Halley Lancashire I. iii. 118 Nowell..obtained the restoration of an annual grant of two hundred pounds to support the four queen's preachers who itinerated through the benighted districts of the county.
1987 J. Walton Social Hist. Lancs. iii. 48 Of the four Queen's Preachers appointed to strengthen the preaching ministry in Lancashire in 1599, at least three had marked Puritan leanings.
b.
† queen's allowance n. Military (historical and rare in later use) an allowance granted to the officers' mess.So called after Queen Victoria (see Victoria n.2), who was the reigning monarch when the allowance became known under this name (cf. the source of quot. 1868). It was apparently first granted in the Regency and also known by other names, e.g. (prince) regent's allowance and mess allowance.
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1868 Queen's Regulations for Army II. §304 The Queen's allowance..is granted to each troop, battery, and company, in aid of the expenses of the officers' mess.
1881 J. A. Ewart Story of Soldier's Life II. ix. 320 Government grants annually to every regiment serving at home what is called the ‘Queen's allowance’. It is 25l. per annum for each troop or company.
1897 G. A. Henty Queen's Cup I. ii. 70 Well done, lad; you are quite right to give up cards, and to cut yourself off liquors beyond the Queen's allowance.
1918 E. S. Farrow Dict. Mil. Terms 484 Queen's Allowance, in the British service, an allowance in aid of the expenses of the officer's mess.
queen's arm n. (frequently with capital initials) U.S. (now historical) a type of musket dating from the reign of Queen Anne and commonly used in colonial America and later by American frontiersmen.
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1836 Family Mag. May 97/1 Rifles cracked, and queen's arms roared in arithmetical progression, till all was one tremendous, booming thunder.
1848 J. R. Lowell Biglow Papers 1st Ser. Notices 8 The ole queen's arm thet gran'ther Young Fetched back from Concord busted.
1898 A. M. Earle Home Life in Colonial Days iii. 56 The favorite resting-place for the old queen's-arm or fowling-piece was on hooks over the kitchen fireplace.
1941 F. F. Van de Water Reluctant Republic i. ii. 35 The guns that had been imported from the lower settlements were smooth-bore firelocks, the old ‘Queen's arm’ of the Indian wars.
1994 L. K. Newell & V. T. Avery Mormon Enigma (ed. 2) iii. 50 His father proudly gave him a Queen's Arm musket to complete the outfit.
queen's bishop n. Chess the bishop standing on the queen's side of the board at the beginning of the game; cf. king's bishop n. at king n. Compounds 5b.
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1562 tr. Damiano da Odemira Pleasaunt Playe of Cheasts sig. Cv Thou shalte playe thy queenes Paune one steppe geuing him checke by discouery of thy queenes Bishoppe.
1674 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester v. 58 The Queens Bishop's Pawn guards the third house before the Queen, and the third before the Queens Knight.
1750 tr. G. Greco Chess made Easy p. xii PC3, that is, P into C3, or Pawn into the third Square of C, or the Queen's Bishop.
1808 J. H. Sarratt Treat. Chess I. 151 If..he should play his King's Pawn one step, attacking your Queen's Bishop, you must give him check with your Queen.
1891 Times 14 Feb. 7/6 The 20th move of Mr. Steinitz in the Evans Gambit game is king's bishop to queen's bishop's second.
1991 R. Keene Battle of Titans (BNC) 111 Karpov prefers to re-introduce his queen's bishop into the defence.
Queen's Chain n. chiefly New Zealand and Caribbean a strip of publicly-owned access land along coasts and waterways. [So called because the strip is Crown land (see Crown land n. 1), and was originally one chain (approximately 20 metres) wide.]
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1865 West Coast Times (Hokitika, N.Z.) 24 Aug. 2/3 A slaughterman..was charged..for obstructing a public thoroughfare, he having erected a slaughter-yard..on what is termed the Queen's Chain, a strip of ground one chain wide, extending from high-water mark inland, and which is by law a public highway.
1977 Landscape (N.Z.) Dec. 15 The Queen's Chain concept is as appropriate right now to the new idealism of environmental management as it was to the nineteenth century problems of land grabbing..and lack of roads.
2019 CANA News (Nexis) 10 July There are..aspects of this Cabot St. Lucia project that raise questions... There is the fundamental matter of..the right of access by the people to the beaches and the Queen's Chain in that area.
queen's chair n. a makeshift seat; spec. = queen's cushion n. 1; cf. king's chair n. at king n. Compounds 5b.
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society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > seat > [noun] > makeshift seat
queen's chair1894
1894 A. B. Gomme Trad. Games I. 305 King's Chair. Two children join hands, by crossing their arms, so as to form a seat. A third mounts on the crossed arms, and clasps the carriers round their necks... Jamieson says..this method of carrying is often used as a substitute for a chair in conveying adult persons from one place to another, especially when infirm. In other counties it is called ‘Queen's Cushion’ and ‘Queen's Chair’, also ‘Cat's Carriage’.
1965 S. T. Ollivier Petticoat Farm vi. 77 Henry's buggy reins, tied to a cream-can lid, had formed a queen's chair for Harry.
2004 Village Voice (N.Y.) (Nexis) 13 July 46 On Friday afternoons, they ‘help’ people across the intersection of Water and Broad, using such lifts as the Superman, the Queen's Chair, and the Battering Ram.
queen's china n. = queen's ware n.
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1773 J. Minzies Let. 12 June in John Norton & Sons (1968) 330 2 Dozen large wash-hand basins of Queen's China.
1995 Washington Post (Nexis) 23 Nov. t11 During the Revolution, when Washington was encamped at Middlebrook, N.J., he had the quartermaster order a set of Queens China.
queen's cloth n. [compare post-classical Latin regilla (see quot. c1450), regillum noblewoman's dress, precious fabric (11th cent. in an apparently isolated attestation in a British source)] now rare a type of cloth; (also) spec. fine cotton shirting used in the West Indies.
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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > other textile fabrics > [noun]
renciana1300
maidenhair1359
caryc1394
spinal1399
whitefolding1423
care1429
radevorec1430
queen's clothc1450
basselan1453
Brunswick1480
ragmas1480
haberjetc1503
redvorea1525
stockbridge1526
demigraine1540
fledge1542
pinned white1552
satin-reverses1554
beverneck1567
scamato1569
messellawny1604
brogetie1610
novato1614
fugeratta1638
barrateen1689
tamarine1691
masquerade1696
calandring1697
succatoon1703
russerine1710
stade1714
Chuckla1721
long ell1725
slay1745
vilderoy1769
succota1780
minorque1794
zebra1829
grising1866
Turkoman1881
cameline1886
lyocell1990
c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 607/19 (MED) Regilla, anglice, a Quenyscloth.
1713 in J. A. Johnston Probate Inventories of Lincoln Citizens 1661–1714 (1991) 139 20 yards broad black cloth..2 Remnants..9 yards Queens cloth..23 yards Devonshire plaine..21 yards Devonshire Kersey.
1818 M. Edgeworth Let. 29 Oct. (1971) 130 Tell me which you prefer the Merino or the Queens cloth... The queens cloth comes to a guinea the dress cheaper.
1900 Anaconda (Montana) Standard 20 Sept. 8/7 (advt.) Made from Heyl's imported patent calfskin with queen's cloth tops, hand sewed turn soles. Louis XV heels.
1975 C. Calasibetta Fairchild's Dict. Fashion 202/1 Queen's cloth, fine cotton shirting bleached after weaving, made in Jamaica in West Indies.
Queen's colour n. †(a) Carriage-building (apparently) a dark burgundy colour (obsolete); (b) (in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth countries) one of the two flags making up, along with the Regimental Colour, the colours carried by a regiment, typically having a design which incorporates the Union Jack or other national flag and the royal cipher (usually with capital initial in the second element); cf. colour n.1 20a.
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1837 Times 27 Oct. 1/3 A handsome, four-wheeled cab phaeton, painted Queen's colour.
1842 Times 6 May 6/5 When the troops were attacked at Jugdulluck, he tore the Queen's colour from the staff, and wrapped it round his body, to save it, as he hoped, from falling into the hands of the enemy.
1843 R. S. Surtees Handley Cross I. vii. 123 The coach, jobbed from London, and newly done up for the occasion, was dark claret, or Queen's colour, with a flaming red hammer-cloth.
1871 Exchange & Mart 30 Aug. 236 A capital phaeton for sale, to carry four, painted Queen's colour, and lined with dark green.
1903 R. P. Berry Hist. Volunteer Infantry 455 The Queen's Colour is the ‘Union’ throughout, bearing in the centre of the red cross of St. George an embroidered Royal Crown.
1963 Times 10 June 8/3 In brilliant sunshine on Saturday the Queen's Colour of the 2nd battalion, Grenadier Guards was trooped in the presence of the Queen on the Horse Guards Parade.
2006 Western Daily Press (Nexis) 4 Sept. 15 Fifty years ago, as a young subaltern, I carried the Queen's Colour of the 1st Somersets into Wells Cathedral on our return from Malaya.
queen's conch n. rare = queen conch n. at Compounds 2.
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the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Gastropoda > [noun] > superorder Branchifera > order Prosobranchiata > section Siphonostomata > family Strombidae > strombus gigas (queen conch)
conch?1527
conchyle1610
concha1755
queen conch1808
queen's conch1812
roller1815
horse-conch1885
1812 E. Weeton Let. June in Jrnl. of Governess (1969) II. 93 I have inquired the price of shells... Yours are conch shells; these are called Queen's conches.
1963 Times 27 Apr. 11/2 The pink queen's conch shell from the Caribbean.
Queen's English n. (usually with the) the English language regarded as under the guardianship of the Queen of England; (hence) standard or correct English, usually as written and spoken by educated people in Britain; cf. King's English n. at king n. Compounds 5b.
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the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > English > standard
King's English1553
king's languagea1566
Queen's English1592
received pronunciation?1710
Standard English1806
Southern English1860
World English1888
RP1889
Modified Standard English1913
Received Standard1913
B.B.C. English1928
Oldspeak1949
1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes sig. B1v He must be running on the letter, and abusing the Queenes English without pittie or mercie.
a1753 P. Drake Memoirs (1755) II. iii. 81 He was pretty far overcome by the Champaign, for he clipped the Queen's English.
1848 Southern Literary Messenger 14 636/2 ‘On’ yesterday, (another Southern emendation of the Queen's English, which is funny enough,) I was so unfortunate [etc.].
1867 F. S. Cozzens Sayings 82 In fact, that arbitrary style of speaking which is commonly known as the Queen's English.
1885 Punch 4 July 5/2 (heading) The Premier's Primer; or Queen's English as she is wrote.
1902 F. Hume Fever of Life 146 I! Oh, how can you? I speak the Queen's English.
1991 K. Waterhouse English our English p. xvii The more slipshod English in circulation, the wider the assumption that it doesn't matter any more, that the Queen's English is by now the quaint preserve of pedants.
2006 PC Gamer Apr. 79/1 This doesn't mean that the cast of characters suddenly speak the Queen's English with cut-glass accents and quote Shakespeare.
queen's evil n. now historical scrofula (cf. earlier king's evil n.); also figurative.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > eruptive diseases > [noun] > scrofula
king's evila1387
scrofulac1400
escroeles1483
swine's evil1528
strume1559
struma1565
queen's evil1584
evila1616
crewels1660
royal evila1678
scrofulosis1860
scrofulide1864
scrofulodermia1899
1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft xii. xiv. 244 To heale the Kings or Queenes euill, or any other sorenesse in the throte..touch the place with the hand of one that died an vntimelie death.
1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xii. 58 For the Queenes euill [margin The Kinges euill].
1870 Times 14 Jan. 10/3 He was afraid that Mr. Bright, having basked in the sunshine of Royalty, had caught the Queen's evil, or been inoculated by the flunkeys surrounding the Throne.
1999 S. E. Whyman Sociability & Power in Late-Stuart Eng. 169 After the 1710 election, almost every letter requested favours: land tax and excise offices, military commissions, benefices, and touching for the Queen's evil.
queen's gambit n. Chess a gambit in which a sacrifice of the queen's bishop's pawn is offered; cf. king's gambit n. at king n. Compounds 5b.
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1735 J. Bertin Noble Game of Chess 38 The Queen's Gambet, which gives a Pawn, with a design to catch her adversary's Queen's Rook.
1764 R. Lambe Hist. Chess 120 The Queen's Gambit..produces many different games... This here is supposed to be its true defence.
1875 G. H. D. Gossip Chess-player's Man. 705 The Queen's Gambit accepted and declined.
1935 PMLA 50 765 The opening is the Queen's Gambit Declined.
1994 Chess Monthly June 13/2 The kind of chessplayer most likely to be successful with this opening will be someone who has practised less complicated lines (the Queen's Gambit, the Dutch Defence etc.).
† queen's game n. Obsolete a game resembling backgammon; cf. doublet n. 3b.
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society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > board game > backgammon > [noun] > varieties of backgammon
faylesc1330
provinciala1500
Irish game1509
Irishc1530
queen's gamec1557
tick-tack1558
sice-ace1594
doublet1611
lurch1611
tric-trac1687
verquerea1700
chouette1935
sheshbesh1971
c1557 Enterlude of Youth (new ed.) sig. Ciii Syr can teache you to play at the dice At the quenes game and at the Iryshe.
?1605 J. Davies Wittes Pilgrimage sig. N3v Here Love at Tick-tack plaies, or at Queens-game; But, Irishe hates.
1694 P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais Wks. i. xxii. 81 There he played..at doublets or queens-game.
queen's gold n. [compare post-classical Latin aurum regine (frequently 1086–1419 in British sources)] now historical a former revenue of the king's consort, consisting of one-tenth on certain fines paid to the king.
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1466 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) I. 87 (MED) Y have be with my maisterys Langford and Roger as for þe quenys gold.
1657 W. Prynne Exact Abridgem. Rec. Tower of London Table Alphabetical sig. Ggv Queens gold when and how to be levied, though petitioned against.
1714 Laws of Honour 221 Anciently the Queens had a Revenue called Aurum Regina, that is, the Queens Gold, which was the Tenth part of what came to the King by the Name of oblata upon Pardons, and Gifts.
1898 J. H. Ramsay Found. Eng. II. xxi. 328 The Queen's Gold, of which one instance has just been given, was an extra percentage on so-called ‘voluntary’ offerings.
1935 Speculum 10 56 His financial obligation to the King involved the payment of an additional two hundred marks as Queen's Gold to Queen Eleanor.
1987 Eng. Hist. Rev. 102 372 A useful precedent existed in the customary payment of queen's gold but this was insufficient for the queen's maintenance.
queen's grey n. and adj. U.S. (now rare) (a) n. a shade of grey, used for fabrics and later other consumer items; (b) adj. of this colour.
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1845 in C. Cist Cincinnati Misc. 138 Their dresses were chiefly of silk, of various colors, and some of them were of good old fashioned Queen's gray.
1852 E. Leslie Pencil Sketches 289 Dressed in her queen's-gray lutestring, and one of her Brussels lace caps.
1906 Washington Post 25 Feb. (advt.) Queen's gray cheviot... A sturdy fabric, all wool, in queen's gray.
1949 Davenport (Iowa) Democrat & Leader 13 Mar. 51/3 (advt.) Looks, runs, and drives like new. Original queen's gray finish and custom leather upholstery in perfect condition.
Queen's Guide n. (in Britain and some former British colonies) a Guide (guide n. 2d) who has reached the highest rank of proficiency.So called after Queen Elizabeth, consort of George VI, later the Queen Mother (see Queen Mum n. at Compounds 2). Cf. Queen's Scout n.
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society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > specific societies or organizations > [noun] > specific youth organizations > members of scouts or guides
Boy Scout1908
patrol leader1908
scout1908
scoutmaster1908
tenderfoot1908
captain1909
Girl Guide1909
Girl Scout1909
lieutenant1909
pathfinder1911
sea scout1911
rosebud1914
brownie1916
sixer1916
tenderpad1916
Brown Owl1918
rover1918
Rover Scout1918
ranger1920
tawny owl1921
Cub1922
Akela1924
scouter1930
Guider1931
den mother1936
Queen's Guide1946
Queen's Scout1952
Venture Scout1966
Beaver1975
skipper1986
1946 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 19 Nov. 17/5 The 21st St. Andrew F.O. Company of Girl Guides of the Immaculate Conception High School, Constant Spring, has given Jamaica its first Queen's Guide.
1968 M. E. Brimelow Guide Handbk. iv. 70 If a Guide has..taken a full and active part including earning badges, in all the Eight Points of the Programme..she can qualify as a Queen's Guide.
2006 Mirror (Nexis) 12 July 13 To win my Queen's Guide Award, I recall fashioning a tent peg out of a lump of wood, a skill lost to me in the intervening years. In retrospect, being prepared for long lunches would have stood me in better stead.
† queen's head n. Obsolete (historical and rare in later use) a postage stamp.So called after Queen Victoria (see Victoria n.2), whose head is depicted on the stamp.
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society > communication > correspondence > postal services > payment for postage > [noun] > postage stamp
postage stamp1829
stamp1837
label1839
head1840
queen's head1840
postage label1852
adhesive1854
sticker1863
1840 Chambers's Edinb. Jrnl. 11 July 193/2 The perplexed purchaser immediately devotes a queen's head, as he most irreverently calls it, to the purpose of asking the editors what he is to do.
1844 A. Smith Adventures Mr. Ledbury I. xv. 194 Notes it would not do to stick a penny Queen's Head upon.
1860 C. M. Yonge Stokesley Secret (1861) 16 I must have a queen's-head to write to Mamma.
1879 A. Trollope John Caldigate III. x. 132 That stamp, that effigy, that two-penny queen's-head.
1915 Chambers's Jrnl. Sept. 599/1 When the new stamp was introduced it was invariably called the ‘queen's head’.
1985 Times 24 July 42/5 Commemorative and special stamps are not issued for fun. The production costs are considerable and the public only buys them for use as it would the everyday Queen's head stamps.]
queen's knight n. Chess the knight placed on the queen's side of the board at the beginning of the game; cf. king's knight n. at king n. Compounds 5b.
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1674 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester iv. 41 The Queens Knight guards her Pawn, and the third House in the front of her Bishops Pawn, also the third House in the front of her Rooks pawn.
1750 ‘A. D. Philidor’ Chess Analysed 4 The Queen's Knight at his Queen's second Square.
1818 W. S. Kenny Pract. Chess Exercises 106 You prevent him by pushing immediately your queen's knight's pawn upon his knight, which..obliges the adversary to take your pawn en passant.
1897 Times 25 Sept. 11/2 The following show critical situations in recent play. In the first, Black (Herr Walbrodt) ventured on the capture of the queen's knight's pawn in a position where it appears the capture was unsound.
1991 R. Keene Battle of Titans (BNC) 22 Repositioning the white queen's knight on an ideal attacking square.
queen's metal n. now rare any of several alloys of tin and antimony with other metals, resembling Britannia metal and formerly used for tableware, teapots, etc.; also figurative.
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society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > alloy > [noun] > other alloys of tin
steel1662
potin1741
queen's metal1785
tutania1790
Britannia metal1800
babbitt metal1850
babbitt1866
zircaloy1953
1785 Daily Universal Reg. 28 June 4/4 Queen's Metal Spoons being the best substitute for Silver Spoons for hardness and durability.
1804 S. T. Coleridge Notebks. (1962) II. §2026 How hard to describe that sort of Queen's metal plating, which the Moonlight forms on the bottle-green sea.
1856 W. A. Miller Elements Chem. II. 930 Another alloy, which is intermediate in properties between pewter and Britannia metal, is called Queen's metal.
1969 E. N. Simons Dict. Alloys 135 Queen's metal..is in effect a type of Britannia metal not now greatly used, if at all.
† queen's own n. Obsolete Navy slang Government property or provisions, esp. those on board a ship, during the reign of a queen; cf. earlier King's own n. at king n. Compounds 5b.
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1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Queen's own, Sea provision (when a queen reigns).
† queen's parade n. Obsolete Navy slang the quarterdeck of a ship.Apparently so called after Queen Victoria (see Victoria n.2), who was the reigning monarch at the time. Cf. king's parade (1867 in the same source, or earlier).
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1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Queen's parade, the quarter-deck.
queen's pattern n. an ornamental pattern used on porcelain (see quots. 1928, 1957).Apparently so called after Queen Charlotte (see queen's ware n.). Cf. quots. 1910 and 2000.
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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pattern or design > [noun] > curves or spirals
oundingc1390
bendc1535
wrall1540
tirl1597
scroll1611
gadroon1694
scroll-work1739
queen's pattern1769
rinceau1773
cartouchea1776
curlicue1844
wave1845
scrollage1847
ogee1851
rope border1855
gadrooning1856
rope-work1866
vermiculation1866
ringing1885
scrollery1892
twirligig1902
C-scroll1904
trumpet spiral1936
trumpet pattern1937
koru1938
1769 Catal. Worcester Porcelaine in J. E. Nightingale Contrib. towards Hist. of Eng. Porcelain (1881) 95 Twelve fluted handle cups and saucers, 6 coffee cups, and two tea pots plain Queen's pattern 2l.
1853 H. Greeley Art & Industry xi. 117 A queen's pattern vase, painted and gilt, is an object worth inspecting.
1910 R. L. Hobson Worcester Porcelain vii. 58 The catalogue of a sale of Worcester porcelain at Christie's, in 1769, includes several references to a ‘Queen's pattern’, which was no doubt the same as the traditional ‘Queen Charlotte's pattern’ of today.
1928 W. B. Honey Old Eng. Porcelain viii. 167 A design in Oriental style long popular at Worcester..consists of vertical or spirally curved panels alternately red on white and white on blue, with gilding... It was variously known as the ‘whorl’, ‘spiral’, ‘catherine-wheel’ and ‘Queen's pattern’.
1957 C. W. Mankowitz & R. G. Haggar Conc. Encycl. Eng. Pottery & Porcelain 186/1 Queen's pattern, a counter-changed pattern consisting of alternate radiating whirling bands of red-on-white and white-on-blue ornament with gilded embellishments used at Worcester from c. 1770 onwards.
1974 ‘K. Royce’ Trap Spider i. 12 The cutlery was mid-Georgian Queen's pattern.
2000 Capital (Annapolis, Maryland) 28 Jan. 20 The manufacture of blue and white ware ceased with the exception of the blue ‘Royal Lily’ or ‘Queen's Pattern’ chosen by Queen Charlotte on her visit to factory in 1788.
queen's pawn n. Chess the pawn immediately in front of the queen at the beginning of the game; cf. king's pawn n. at king n. Compounds 5b.
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1562 tr. Damiano da Odemira Pleasaunt Playe of Cheasts sig. Cv Thou shalte playe thy queenes Paune one steppe geuing him checke by discouery of thy queenes Bishoppe.
1625 T. Middleton Game at Chæss ii. sig. D2 v Let me see Queenes pawne, How formerly has packt vp his intelligences.
1735 J. Bertin Noble Game of Chess p. v The king's pawn, the bishop's pawn, and the queen's pawn, must move before the knights.
1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Alice II. iv. viii. 46 I think I will take the queen's pawn.
1919 Times 14 Aug. 13/5 Kostich defended a Queen's Pawn opening against A. G. Conde.
1994 Daily Tel. 28 Nov. 24/7 GM Gruenfeld..developed the Gruenfeld Defence, a counter to the queen's pawn where Black usually relinquishes control of the centre with the aim of hitting back later from the flanks.
† queen's pigeon n. Obsolete rare the Victoria crowned pigeon, Goura victoria.So called after Queen Victoria (see Victoria n.2).
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1851 S. F. Baird tr. J. G. Heck Iconogr. Encycl. II. Zool. 369 The two largest birds of the family of pigeons..are the crowned pigeon and the queen's pigeon (Goura coronata and G. victoria).
queen's pudding n. (a) a steamed suet pudding; (b) = queen of puddings n. at Phrases 1b.
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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > puddings > [noun] > suet puddings
whiting1674
suet pudding1694
roly-poly1835
queen pudding1839
queen's pudding1852
suety Isaac1890
1852 F. Bishop Illustr. London Cookery Bk. xxvi. 410 Queen's pudding, with vanilla.
1917 N. Soyer Standard Cookery 271 Queen's Pudding. Ingredients.—Eight ounces of finely-chopped suet [etc.].
1935 G. Greene Basement Room & Other Stories 9 It was a pudding he liked, Queen's pudding with a perfect meringue.
2006 Hindustan Times (Nexis) 31 Mar. Nothing can beat the Queen's Pudding when it comes to desserts. It is as sinful as it looks.
queen's rook n. Chess the rook placed on the queen's side of the board at the beginning of the game; cf. king's rook n. at king n. Compounds 5b.
ΚΠ
1674 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester iv. 42 The Queens Knight's Pawn guards the third House before the Queens Bishop, and the third before the Queens Rook.
1735 J. Bertin Chess 38 The Queens Gambet, which gives a Pawn with a design to catch her adversary's Queen's Rook.
1870 Putnam's Mag. Sept. 270/2 Towards the end of the game, she had become quite muddy in her intellects, and made a knight's move with queen's rook.
1927 Times 22 Sept. 12/5 White must get the queen's rook into safety.
1991 R. Keene Battle of Titans (BNC) 113 It is curious that he captures the black queen's rook before it has managed to make a single move.
Queen's Scout n. (in Britain and some former British colonies) a Boy Scout (Boy Scout n. 1) who has reached the highest rank of proficiency.Typically the rank is only used during the reign of a queen (cf. earlier King's Scout n. at king n. Compounds 5b), although quot. 1952 refers to a rank in Jamaica named after Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother (see Queen Mum n. at Compounds 2). Cf. Queen's Guide n.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > specific societies or organizations > [noun] > specific youth organizations > members of scouts or guides
Boy Scout1908
patrol leader1908
scout1908
scoutmaster1908
tenderfoot1908
captain1909
Girl Guide1909
Girl Scout1909
lieutenant1909
pathfinder1911
sea scout1911
rosebud1914
brownie1916
sixer1916
tenderpad1916
Brown Owl1918
rover1918
Rover Scout1918
ranger1920
tawny owl1921
Cub1922
Akela1924
scouter1930
Guider1931
den mother1936
Queen's Guide1946
Queen's Scout1952
Venture Scout1966
Beaver1975
skipper1986
1952 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 18 Feb. 3/3 Peter has the Bushman's Thong, a proficiency award for camping and outdoor work. The Thong is the highest qualification for the Queen's Scout badge which he won last year.
1962 L. Deighton Ipcress File iii. 24 He picked the limp Raven off the..table like a Queen's scout with a rucksack.
1975 Scout Handbk. xxix. 274 Beyond the Membership Badge you'll aim for the Venture Award and the Queen's Scout Award.
2004 T. H. Parsons Race, Resistance, & Boy Scout Movement vii. 241 The rank of Queen's Scout became the Springbok in South Africa, the Simba (lion) in Kenya, and the Crested Crane in Uganda.
† queen's staysail n. Obsolete rare = queen staysail n. at Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > sail > [noun] > sail set on a stay > other staysails
mainstaysail1669
storm-staysail1850
spilling-staysail1851
queen staysail1922
queen's staysail1926
1926 Yachting Monthly Aug. 244/1 Above the mainstaysail was another triangular sail, commonly known as a ‘Queen's’ staysail.
† queen's stuff n. and adj. Obsolete (a) n. a type of fabric (probably woollen or worsted) used for making women's garments; a piece of this; (b) adj. made of this fabric; cf. queen's cloth n.
ΚΠ
1766 W. Gordon Gen. Counting-house 428 16 fine brocaded queens stuffs.
1807 T. S. Surr Mask of Fashion 10 She wore a quaker-coloured round gown, of Queen's stuff.
1845 S. Judd Margaret ii. xi. 358 Rose had on..a queens-stuff habit of the same color.
queen's ware n. a cream-coloured Wedgwood earthenware; (also) a kind of stoneware.So called after Queen Charlotte (1744–1818, consort of George III, King of Great Britain and Ireland), who gave royal patronage to J. Wedgwood on account of this ware.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > English pottery > by Wedgwood > types of
queen's ware1767
Etruscan1768
pebble1768
rosso antico1776
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > stoneware > types of
brownstone1761
ironstone china1814
stone-china1825
lava ware1860
grès de Flandres1872
queen's ware1872
Doulton ware1874
tiger-ware1874
scratched blue1883
Rhenish stoneware1897
protoporcelain1904
scratch blue1924
1767 J. Wedgwood Let. in Sel. Lett. (1965) 58 The demand for this said Creamcolour, Alias Queens Ware, Alias Ivory still increases.
1783 J. Wedgwood in Philos. Trans. 1782 (Royal Soc.) 72 320 Delft ware is fired by a heat of 40 or 41°; cream-coloured or Queen's ware, by 86°.
1788 A. Young Jrnl. 22 Aug. in Trav. France (1792) i. 79 English goods..hard and queen's ware; cloths and cottons.
1863 W. Chaffers Marks & Monograms Pottery & Porcelain 120 The principal inventions of Wedgwood were, 1, the cream-coloured table ware, afterwards called Queen's ware; [etc.].
1872 ‘M. Twain’ Roughing It lix. 432 By and by he went home to his lodgings—an empty queensware hogshead,—and employed himself till night trying to make up his mind what to buy with it.
1884 Internat. Health Exhib. Official Catal. 49/2 Sanitary appliances in action, and general Queen's Ware.
1900 F. Litchfield Pottery & Porcelain iii. 32 [Thomas Whieldon's] celebrated cream ware, called ‘Queen's ware’.
1906 Dial. Notes 3 152 Queensware,..ordinary crockery. ‘You can get queensware at Hansard's grocery or the ten-cent store.’
1961 Connoisseur New Guide to Antique Eng. Pottery, Porcelain & Glass 54 [Wedgwood's] Queensware was copied by most of the potters of his time.
2005 Brit. Life Jan. 9/2 Wedgwood set up in business at Burslem, eventually perfecting an elegant yet durable cream-coloured earthenware called Queen's Ware.
Queen's weather n. fine weather.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > fine weather > [noun]
fine1829
Queen's weather1851
1851 Househ. Words 1 Mar. 529/1 The sky was cloudless; a brilliant sun gave to it that cheering character which..has passed into a proverb, as ‘The Queen's Weather’.
1893 ‘S. Grand’ Heavenly Twins I. ii. iv. 234 ‘Queen's weather!’ he remarked. ‘Yes,’ she answered, looking out at the sparkling water.
1899 Star (Johannesburg) (Weekly ed.) 22 Apr. Although the wind is rather high, Queen's weather prevails.
1937 M. V. Hughes London Home in Nineties x. 167 The ‘Queen's weather’ of glorious sunshine began to work in the early part of the year [sc. 1897].
2002 Calgary (Alberta) Herald (Nexis) 8 Apr. b4 (headline) Calgarians take time for farewell tribute: ‘Queen's weather’ adds to occasion.
queen's woman n. slang (now historical) a female prostitute who received medical attention under the terms of the Contagious Diseases Acts of the 1860s.Apparently so called after Queen Victoria (see Victoria n.2), the monarch when the act was passed.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > patient > [noun] > prostitute receiving medical attention
queen's woman1871
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > a prostitute
meretrixOE
whoreOE
soiled dovea1250
common womanc1330
putec1384
bordel womanc1405
putaina1425
brothelc1450
harlot?a1475
public womanc1510
naughty pack?1529
draba1533
cat1535
strange woman1535
stew1552
causey-paikera1555
putanie?1566
drivelling1570
twigger1573
punka1575
hackney1579
customer1583
commodity1591
streetwalker1591
traffic1591
trug1591
hackster1592
polecat1593
stale1593
mermaid1595
medlar1597
occupant1598
Paphian1598
Winchester goose1598
pagan1600
hell-moth1602
aunt1604
moll1604
prostitution1605
community1606
miss1606
night-worm1606
bat1607
croshabell1607
prostitute1607
pug1607
venturer1607
nag1608
curtal1611
jumbler1611
land-frigate1611
walk-street1611
doll-common1612
turn-up1612
barber's chaira1616
commonera1616
public commonera1616
trader1615
venturea1616
stewpot1616
tweak1617
carry-knave1623
prostibule1623
fling-dusta1625
mar-taila1625
night-shadea1625
waistcoateera1625
night trader1630
coolera1632
meretrician1631
painted ladya1637
treadle1638
buttock1641
night-walker1648
mob?1650
lady (also girl, etc.) of the game1651
lady of pleasure1652
trugmullion1654
fallen woman1659
girlc1662
high-flyer1663
fireship1665
quaedama1670
small girl1671
visor-mask1672
vizard-mask1672
bulker1673
marmalade-madam1674
town miss1675
town woman1675
lady of the night1677
mawks1677
fling-stink1679
Whetstone whore1684
man-leech1687
nocturnal1693
hack1699
strum1699
fille de joie1705
market-dame1706
screw1725
girl of (the) town1733
Cytherean1751
street girl1764
monnisher1765
lady of easy virtue1766
woman (also lady) of the town1766
kennel-nymph1771
chicken1782
stargazer1785
loose fish1809
receiver general1811
Cyprian1819
mollya1822
dolly-mop1834
hooker1845
charver1846
tail1846
horse-breaker1861
professional1862
flagger1865
cocodette1867
cocotte1867
queen's woman1871
common prostitute1875
joro1884
geisha1887
horizontal1888
flossy1893
moth1896
girl of the pavement1900
pross1902
prossie1902
pusher1902
split-arse mechanic1903
broad1914
shawl1922
bum1923
quiff1923
hustler1924
lady of the evening1924
prostie1926
working girl1928
prostisciutto1930
maggie1932
brass1934
brass nail1934
mud kicker1934
scupper1935
model1936
poule de luxe1937
pro1937
chromo1941
Tom1941
pan-pan1949
twopenny upright1958
scrubber1959
slack1959
yum-yum girl1960
Suzie Wong1962
mattress1964
jamette1965
ho1966
sex worker1971
pavement princess1976
parlour girl1979
crack whore1990
1871 Rep. Royal Comm. Admin. Contag. Dis. Acts I. 14 in Parl. Papers (C. 408) XIX. 1 Some of them are called ‘Queen's women’; some exhibit the printed order to attend the periodical examination as a certificate of health.
1981 F. K. Prochaska Women & Philanthropy vi. 205 One effect of the [Contagious Diseases] Acts was the creation of an outcast and more professional class of prostitute, ‘Queen's women’ as they were sometimes called.
† queen's yellow n. Obsolete a toxic yellow pigment consisting of a basic mercury sulphate; = turpeth mineral n. at turpeth n. 2; cf. (in different sense) king's yellow n. and adj. at king n. Compounds 5b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > colouring matter > [noun] > pigments
yelloweOE
motey1353
arsenica1393
orpimentc1395
auripigmenta1398
ochre1440
pink1464
massicot1472
yellow ochre1482
orpine1548
painter's gold1591
spruce1668
giallolino1728
king's yellow1738
Naples yellow1738
stil de grain1769
yellow earth1794
queen's yellow1806
chromate1819
chrome yellow1819
Oxford ochre1827
Indian yellow1831
Italian pink1835
Montpellier yellow1835
Turner1835
quercitron lake1837
jaune brillant1851
zinc chromate1851
zinc sulphide1851
brush-gold1861
zooxanthin1868
Oxford chrome1875
aureolin1879
cadmium yellow1879
Cassel yellow1882
Neapolitan yellow1891
zinc chrome1892
Mars1899
jaune jonquille1910
1806 Times 21 Jan. 1/3 (advt.) Chariot and coach to be sold, both painted Queen's yellow.
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 70/1 When canaries are ‘a bad colour’..they are re-dyed, by the application of..‘Queen's yellow’.
1879 Globe Encycl. V. 282/1 Queen's Yellow or Turbith's Mineral, a pigment consisting of a subsulphate of mercury.
c. In the names of plants.
† queen's balm n. Obsolete rare alyssum (genera Alyssum and Lobularia).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > cruciferous flowers > yellow or orange flowers
wall-fairc1450
winter gillyflower1547
heartsease1548
wall gillyflower1548
gillyflower1578
keiri1578
wallflower1578
alyssum1731
queen's balm1797
wall1825
warrior1825
cheiranthus1850
gilly1858
1797 J. Abercrombie Every Man his Own Gardener (ed. 15) 103 The sorts proper to sow at this time are..nigella, queen's balm, annual sun-flower.
† queen's berry n. Obsolete rare cloudberry, Rubus chamaemorus.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > tree or plant producing edible berries > cloudberry or salmon berry bush
cloudberry1597
knotberry1633
mountain bramble1728
baked apple1750
averin1768
noop1817
Scotch cap1828
salmon berry1844
queen's berry1854
1854 S. Thomson Wanderings among Wild Flowers iii. 223 It is the cloud-berry, or queen's-berry.
queen's delight n. the plant Stillingia sylvatica (family Euphorbiaceae), of the southern United States, valued for its medicinal root; (also) this root; also called queen's root.
ΚΠ
1826 R. Mills Statistics S. Carolina 89 Stillandsia Sylvatica, Queen's Delight; the root of this plant acts as an emetic.
1901 C. T. Mohr Plant Life Alabama 594 Queen's Delight... Southeastern Virginia to Florida, west to Louisiana, Arkansas, and Texas.
1988 R. Mabey et al. Compl. New Herbal i. 57/3 Once thought to be a reliable cure for syphilis (which it is not), Queen's delight is now used as a stimulating expectorant to treat bronchitis, laryngitis and croup.
queen's flower n. [compare scientific Latin flos-reginae, former specific epithet] (more fully queen's flower tree) an ornamental tropical tree, Lagerstroemia speciosa (family Lythraceae); also called jarul; pride of India (cf. queen of flowers n. at Phrases 1a).
ΚΠ
1799 Asiatic Researches (London ed.) 4 301 Koen. Queen's Flower Lagerstroemia.
1890 Cent. Dict. Queen's-flower, the bloodwood or jarool, Lagerstrœmia Flos-reginæ, a medium-sized tree of the East Indies.
1963 News (Van Nuys, Calif.) 3 Oct. 16/4 When Queen Victoria visited the Far East, she was much impressed with their magnificent showy flowers... It is in her honor..the people of the Orient refer to the blooms as the Queen's Flower.
1996 R. Allsopp Dict. Caribbean Eng. Usage 460/2 Queen's-flower tree (Jmca), a large shade tree with plentiful pendent clusters of mauve flowers Lagerstroemia flos-reginae or L. speciosa.
† queen's gillyflower n. Obsolete sweet rocket, Hesperis matronalis (cf. queen's July-flower n., queen's violet n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > cruciferous flowers > white or purple flowers
garden rocket1548
queen's gillyflower1573
cuckoo-flower1578
damask violet1578
dame's-violet1578
rogue's gilliflower1578
wild passerage1578
lady's smock1593
Canterbury bells1597
close-sciences1597
sea stock-gillyflower1597
cardamine1609
melancholic gentleman1629
melancholy gentleman1629
Whitsun gilliflower1656
Hesperis1666
rocket1731
queen's violet1733
queen's July-flower1760
Virginian stock1760
spinka1774
damewort1776
virgin-stock1786
pink1818
sea-stock1849
clown's mustard1861
rock beauty1870
milksile-
1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 41 Herbes, branchis, & flowers for windowes & potts... Quene geliflowers [1577 Queenes gilliflowers].
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. iv. 68 The double Uiolet, commonly called the Queens Gilliflower, is of three kinds, White, Purple, and striped (that is) of Purple, finely striped with White.
1733 P. Miller Gardener's Dict. (ed. 2) at Hesperis (It is call'd Viola Matronalis, because it resembles the Violet, and was at first cultivated by Women.) Dame's Violet, or Queen's Gilliflower.
† queen's herb n. Obsolete tobacco (cf. queen mother herb n. at queen mother n. Compounds).So called after Catherine de Medici (see note at queen mother herb n. at queen mother n. Compounds).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > yielding drug or narcotic > [noun] > tobacco-plant
nicotian1577
queen mother herb1577
queen's herb1577
tobacco1577
nicotiana1600
Frenchman1693
sot-weed1698
tobacco-plant1761
1577 J. Frampton tr. N. Monardes Three Bookes ii. f. 42 Some haue called this Hearbe the Queenes herbe, because it was firste sente vnto her.
1659 G. Everard Panacea 4 Shee..admiring at it, as being a new Universall Remedy, gave it her Name; and after that, all France over, it was called the Queens Herb.
1793 G. Riley Beauties of Creation (ed. 2) V. 77 Tobacco, says Pomet,..is called Nicotiana, because Mr. J. Nicot, a French ambassador in Portugal,..brought it into France to the queen regent; upon which account it was likewise called the Queen's Herb.
1826 Times 1 Dec. 3/6 When it first appeared in France it was called Nicotiana, from the name of the person who brought it there from Portugal; it was also called queen's herb, because this person presented some of it to Catherine de Medicis.
1966 Jrnl. Amer. Folklore 79 592 L'herbe de la Reine,..in honor of Catherine de' Medici (italian, herba regina; English ‘Queen's herb’).]
† queen's July-flower n. Obsolete rare sweet rocket, Hesperis matronalis (cf. queen's gillyflower n., queen's violet n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > cruciferous flowers > white or purple flowers
garden rocket1548
queen's gillyflower1573
cuckoo-flower1578
damask violet1578
dame's-violet1578
rogue's gilliflower1578
wild passerage1578
lady's smock1593
Canterbury bells1597
close-sciences1597
sea stock-gillyflower1597
cardamine1609
melancholic gentleman1629
melancholy gentleman1629
Whitsun gilliflower1656
Hesperis1666
rocket1731
queen's violet1733
queen's July-flower1760
Virginian stock1760
spinka1774
damewort1776
virgin-stock1786
pink1818
sea-stock1849
clown's mustard1861
rock beauty1870
milksile-
1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 314/1 Queen's July flower, Hesperis.
1787 R. W. Darwin Principia Botanica 276 Violet, Dames; Rocket; or Queen's July-flower.
queen's lace n. U.S. wild carrot, Daucus carota (cf. Queen Anne's lace n. at Queen Anne n. 2b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Umbelliferae (umbellifers) > [noun] > wild carrot
bird's nest?a1425
daukec1450
rantipole1863
queen's lacea1871
a1871 A. Cary Queen of Roses in Poet. Wks. Alice & Phœbe Cary (1877) 216 And never queen's lace made so fair a show As that doth, knitted in her two white hands.
1947 L. M. Beebe Mixed Train Daily 88 This freight train,..wading pleasantly through springtime Arkansas meadows brave with daisies and queen's lace, is the Graysonia.
1990 Daily Herald (Chicago) 26 July v. 1/4 Shrub roses, day lillies, queen's lace and flowering crab trees also have helped the area to take on the look of a meadow.
† queen's pincushion n. English regional Obsolete rare the flower clusters of the guelder rose, Viburnum opulus.
ΚΠ
1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 151 Queen's pincushion, the flowers of the Guelder rose. Viburnum opulus.
queen's root n. = queen's delight n.
ΚΠ
1844 R. Dunglison Dict. Med. Sci. (ed. 4) 608/2 Queen's Root, Stillingia.
1906 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 25 Apr. 7/2 Queen's root, or Stillingia, is an ingredient..highly recommended..for the cure of chronic or lingering bronchial, throat and lung affections.
1988 R. Mabey et al. New Herbal 57/3 Stillingia sylvatica. Queen's delight, Queen's root, yawroot.
† queen's violet n. Obsolete sweet rocket, Hesperis matronalis (cf. queen's gillyflower n., queen's July-flower n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > cruciferous flowers > white or purple flowers
garden rocket1548
queen's gillyflower1573
cuckoo-flower1578
damask violet1578
dame's-violet1578
rogue's gilliflower1578
wild passerage1578
lady's smock1593
Canterbury bells1597
close-sciences1597
sea stock-gillyflower1597
cardamine1609
melancholic gentleman1629
melancholy gentleman1629
Whitsun gilliflower1656
Hesperis1666
rocket1731
queen's violet1733
queen's July-flower1760
Virginian stock1760
spinka1774
damewort1776
virgin-stock1786
pink1818
sea-stock1849
clown's mustard1861
rock beauty1870
milksile-
1733 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. (ed. 2) Index Queen's Violet, vide Hesperis.
1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App., p.331 Violet, Queen's, Hesperis.
1860 Notes & Queries Feb. 151/2 There is also Dame's violet, or Queen's violet, Hesperis inodora.
queen's wreath n. a tropical vine, Petrea volubilis (family Verbenaceae), which is native to the Caribbean area and has rough-surfaced leaves and hanging clusters of typically purplish-blue flowers; also called purple wreath, sandpaper vine.
ΚΠ
1922 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 17 Sept. 29/7 A pink and green motif for decoration was chosen by the hostess, the combination being ferns and queen's wreath.
1949 L. H. Bailey Man. Cultivated Plants (rev. ed.) 843 P. volubilis, Jacq. Queens Wreath. Woody vine or subshrub to 35 ft...fls. pale blue to purple, in axillary racemes 3–12 in. long.
1983 C. King tr. W. Lötschert & G. Beese Trop. Plants 47 The genus Petrea..comprises 30 or so species... They include P. arborea, often planted as an ornamental shrub, and P. volubilis, the Queen's Wreath, another shrub which climbs to a height of 10m.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

queenv.

Brit. /kwiːn/, U.S. /kwin/
Forms: see queen n.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: queen n.
Etymology: < queen n. Compare earlier king v., lord v., lady v.With sense 1c compare the following earlier isolated formation:1589 W. Warner Albions Eng. (new ed.) 102 His [sc. Edgar's] flight Scotch-queen'd his Sister [sc. Margaret].
1.
a. transitive. literary. To rule over or command in the manner of a queen. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > sole rule > rule over as monarch [verb (transitive)] > as queen
queen1654
1654 Paynims Songs 2 Ile Queen thy madness evermore Heark heark be still mad Tom.
1839 P. J. Bailey Festus 159 As the moon doth queen the night.
1843 E. Jones Stud. Sensation & Event 115 His will, a trembling rudder She held to play with, or to queen.
1905 H. Sutcliffe Red o' the Feud vii. 111 Now Red Ratcliffe thought of nothing but the lass beside him, who rode in her straight young beauty as if she queened the moor.
1934 J. P. Barker & R. Barker Log of Limejuicer vi. 70 She queened the seas and was capable of showing her heels to any square-rigger that sailed salt water during her own lifetime.
b. transitive. With it. Of a woman: to be a queen; to act or rule as queen; to behave in a queenly manner; (now) esp. to act haughtily or imperiously; to assume airs of grandeur. Occasionally with over (cf. lord v. 4a).
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > sole rule > rule as monarch [verb (intransitive)] > as queen
queena1616
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > royalty > [verb (intransitive)] > be a queen
queena1616
a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iv. iv. 449 Ile Queene it no inch farther, But milke my Ewes, and weepe. View more context for this quotation
1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII ii. iii. 37 A threepence bow'd would hire me Old as I am, to Queene it. View more context for this quotation
?1655 R. Baron Mirza iii. 50 Art ready to ascend thy throne? hast practised To Queen it with a Majesty?
1683 I. Walton Chalkhill's Thealma & Clearchus 92 I can be as well content With my poor Cot, this woolly regiment, As with a Palace; or to govern men; And I can Queen it when time serves agen.
1743 Mem. Love & State-Intrigues of Court of H—— 85 Stricken in Years as she was, such an ambitious Fondness did she foster in her Bosom of yet Queening it in E—— herself.
1789 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 498 Yon great city, That queens it o'er our taste.
1818 H. H. Milman Samor i. 7 Her milk-white neck embower'd in arching spray, Queens it along the waters.
1826 W. Scott Woodstock III. ii. 46 The imperious Vashti is left to queen it in solitude.
1872 E. L. Linton True Hist. Joshua Davidson v. 103 Those who see these girls only in their show-hours, dressed in the height of the fashion and queening it at night-houses and the like, have no idea of the wretchedness of the reality for the poorer kind.
1894 F. M. Elliot Rom. Gossip vi. 181 Josephine was queening it at the Tuileries.
1904 D. Seaden When we were Lovers in Japan (1906) ii. x. 115 He saw on her face absolute devotion and a radiant prettiness that made her..quite the old Candida who had queened it at Yokohama.
1937 ‘M. J. Farrell’ Rising Tide x. 76 She leaned upon them and queened it over them at the same time.
1955 O. Manning Doves of Venus ii. vii. 150 If he knew as much about her private life as I do, she wouldn't be queening it here.
1994 High Life (Brit. Airways) Nov. 49/3 The sight of Titania queening it in the garden of Holders Hill House with Bottom leaping in and out of the bushes.
2003 Independent 4 Sept. (Review section) 2/3 She used to queen it round with that husband of hers, and their entourage of air-kissing lickspittles.
c. transitive. To make or crown (a woman) a queen; to invest with the status of a queen. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > raising to noble rank > ennoble [verb (transitive)] > invest with rank or title > make into a queen
queen1843
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > majesty, glory, or grandeur > exaltation or glorification > exalt or glorify [verb (transitive)]
heavec825
higheOE
brightenOE
clarifya1340
glorifya1340
enhancec1374
stellifyc1384
biga1400
exalt?a1400
raisea1400
shrinea1400
to bear up?a1425
enhighc1440
erect?a1475
assumec1503
amount1523
dignifya1530
to set up1535
extol1545
enthronize1547
augment1567
sublimate?1567
sublime1568
assumptc1571
begoda1576
royalize1589
suscitate1598
swell1601
consecrate1605
realize1611
reara1616
sphere1615
ingreata1620
superexalta1626
soara1627
ascend1628
rise1628
embroider1629
apotheose1632
grandize1640
engreaten1641
engrandizea1652
mount1651
intronificate1653
magnificent1656
superposit1661
grandify1665
heroify1677
apotheosize1695
enthrone1699
aggrandize1702
pantheonize1801
hoist1814
princify1847
queen1880
heroize1887
1843 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last of Barons I. ii. i. 173 This Dame Woodville, whom I queened.
1880 Lady Martin Shakespeare's Female Char. 120 That passionate childlike loving queens her in his sight.
1954 W. H. Sheldon God & Polarity 305 It crept silently into the Kantian household, a Cinderella later to be queened by Hegel.
2003 Daily Star (Nexis) 12 May 6 Kat is queened Sexiest Female as her on-screen romance with Richie hots up.
2. Chess.
a. transitive. To promote (a pawn) into a more powerful piece of the same colour, typically a queen, when it reaches the opponent's end of the board; = promote v. 1b. Also intransitive.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > board game > chess > [verb (transitive)] > promote pawn
queen1789
promote1799
1789 R. Twiss Chess II. 155 Damer le Pion, literally to queen the Pawn, is a French expression.
1797 Encycl. Brit. IV. 640 note To queen is to make a queen.
1808 Studies Chess I. 219 The pawn is queened, and wins the game.
1848 H. R. Agnel Chess 63 You..queen your Pawn, and instead of claiming a Queen, you take a Knight.
1894 J. Mason Princ. Chess 88 That the player who Queens first wins is a rule.
1922 J. R. Capablanca in Times 11 Aug. 14/3 I had an advanced K[ing's] R[ook's] P[awn] which was very strong and which I eventually queened, thus gaining a rook.
1976 Field 30 Dec. 1293/1 When ahead, one swaps so as to bring about an endgame where the material counts and pawns can be queened.
1994 Chess Monthly June 5/3 White's plan is simple—queen the c-pawn—and there is nothing Black can do to prevent this.
b. intransitive. Of a pawn: to reach a position at the opponent's end of the board where it may be promoted into another more powerful piece, esp. a queen.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > board game > chess > [verb (intransitive)] > be queened (of a pawn)
queen1842
1842 Chess Exemplified 78 If the pawn have the move—it will queen.
1894 J. Mason Princ. Chess 61 Attacking the Pawn, and taking it on the next move, whether it queens or not.
1907 Times 27 Mar. 7/4 White has only one check, after which the pawn will queen.
1994 Chess Monthly June 9/1 White resigned because 49 [queen]xe2 allows 49..[rook]bl mate and after 49 [queen]el [rook]bl+ the pawn will queen.
3. transitive. Bee-keeping. To supply (a hive) with a queen bee; = requeen vb. at re- prefix 1c. Cf. unqueen v. 2. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > bee-keeping > [verb (transitive)] > supply with queen
queen1884
1884 Bee-keeping (Brit. Bee-keepers' Assoc.) 27 The bees came up..I lifted the card, she was welcomed, and the hive was now queened.
2003 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 14 Oct. 1 Wanda Thomas, who has queened her own hive and said her son-in-law is panicking, said she told the Fosbrooks to leave the swarm be.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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