pyroxylinn.

Brit.

/pʌɪˈrɒksᵻlɪn/,

/pʌɪˈrɒksl̩ɪn/, U.S.

/paɪˈrɑksəl(ə)n/,

/pəˈrɑksəl(ə)n/

Forms: 1800s– pyroxilin, 1800s– pyroxiline, 1800s– pyroxylin, 1800s– pyroxyline.

Origin: A borrowing from Greek, combined with English elements. Etymons: pyro- comb. form, Greek ξύλον , -in suffix¹.

Etymology: < pyro- comb. form + ancient Greek ξύλον wood (see xylo- comb. form) + -in suffix¹. In sense 2 after French pyroxyline, pyroxiline (Pelouze 1846); compare pyroxyle n.

Chemistry.

†1. = pyroxanthin n. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1053 Pyroxiline is a name which I have ventured to give to a substance detected by Mr. Scanlan..and..called by him Eblanin.

2. Any of various forms of nitrocellulose, esp. those with a relatively low nitrogen content, used in explosives, paint, etc. Cf. pyrocellulose n. at pyro- comb. form 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > explosive material > [noun] > other specific explosives

powdera1393

gunpowder1411

saltpetre1501

petre1586

halinitre1608

sal-prunella1664

petre-salt1708

xyloidin1838

gun-cotton1846

pyroxyle1847

pyroxylin1847

pyroglycerin1850

xylidine1850

nitroglycerine1852

gun-sawdust1853

picrate1854

trinitroglycerin1864

nitroleum1866

trinitrin1866

dynamite1867

giant-powder1872

dualin1874

fulgurite1874

rendrock1874

glyoxilin1875

lithofracteur1875

trinitro-cellulose1875

white gunpowder1875

gelatin1878

cotton-powder1879

vigorite1879

blasting gelatine1881

Hercules powder1881

saxifragine1881

tonite1881

dynamogen1882

forcite1883

haloxylin1883

jelly powdera1884

nitro-gelatinea1884

panclastite1883

potentite1883

sebastinea1884

kolloxylin1884

hellhoffite1885

rackarock1885

securite1886

kinetite1887

roburite1887

carbo-dynamite1888

fortis1889

gelatine dynamite1889

gelignite1889

seranine1889

straw-dynamite1889

carbonite1890

amberite1891

nitro powder1892

Schnebelite1893

westfalite1894

thorite1899

soup1902

ammonal1903

cheddite1908

trinitrotoluene1908

Samsonite1909

tolite1909

trinitrotoluol1910

trotyl1910

glyceryl trinitrate1912

T.N.T.1915

nitro1916

amatol1918

cyclonite1923

hexogen1923

lox1923

pentaerythritol tetranitrate1923

hexite1931

aurantia1940

jelly1941

RDX1941

1847 Dana in Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Pyroxyline, Pyroxyle, a term embracing gun-cotton and all other explosive substances which are obtained by immersing vegetable fibre in nitric acid, or a mixture of sulphuric and nitric acid, and then suffering it to dry.

1866–8 H. Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 777 The term ‘pyroxylin’ is sometimes applied especially to the more highly nitrated compounds; but it is much better to use this term as a generic name for all the substitution-compounds formed by the action of nitric acid on cellulose, and to designate as ‘gun-cotton’ the most highly nitrated compound, trinitrocellulose.

1883 J. T. Taylor Hardwich's Man. Photogr. Chem. (ed. 9) 80 Photographic Pyroxyline is prepared with hot acids, heat being found remarkably to modify the products.

1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xiv. 335 Gun-cotton, pyroxiline, is probably a hexanitrate; in appearance it resembles cotton-wool, but is not so soft.

1955 B. C. L. Kemp Elem. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xv. 218 Gun-cotton is mixed with pyroxylin to obtain smokeless powder, and with nitro-glycerine and vaseline to form cordite.

1974 Art Jrnl. 33 323/2 After leaving the United States..he produced his first works with pyroxilin paint in the search for a satisfactory outdoor material.

2004 B. Bunch & A. Hellemans Hist. Sci. & Technol. 394/1 1868..Daniel Spill in England invents the synthetic plastic trademarked Xylonite, a mixture of pyroxylin (a lower-nitrated cellulose nitrate), alcohol, and ether.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pyroxylin
释义	pyroxylinn. Brit. /pʌɪˈrɒksᵻlɪn/, /pʌɪˈrɒksl̩ɪn/, U.S. /paɪˈrɑksəl(ə)n/, /pəˈrɑksəl(ə)n/ Forms: 1800s– pyroxilin, 1800s– pyroxiline, 1800s– pyroxylin, 1800s– pyroxyline. Origin: A borrowing from Greek, combined with English elements. Etymons: pyro- comb. form, Greek ξύλον , -in suffix¹. Etymology: < pyro- comb. form + ancient Greek ξύλον wood (see xylo- comb. form) + -in suffix¹. In sense 2 after French pyroxyline, pyroxiline (Pelouze 1846); compare pyroxyle n. Chemistry. †1. = pyroxanthin n. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1053 Pyroxiline is a name which I have ventured to give to a substance detected by Mr. Scanlan..and..called by him Eblanin. 2. Any of various forms of nitrocellulose, esp. those with a relatively low nitrogen content, used in explosives, paint, etc. Cf. pyrocellulose n. at pyro- comb. form 1. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > explosive material > [noun] > other specific explosives powdera1393 gunpowder1411 saltpetre1501 petre1586 halinitre1608 sal-prunella1664 petre-salt1708 xyloidin1838 gun-cotton1846 pyroxyle1847 pyroxylin1847 pyroglycerin1850 xylidine1850 nitroglycerine1852 gun-sawdust1853 picrate1854 trinitroglycerin1864 nitroleum1866 trinitrin1866 dynamite1867 giant-powder1872 dualin1874 fulgurite1874 rendrock1874 glyoxilin1875 lithofracteur1875 trinitro-cellulose1875 white gunpowder1875 gelatin1878 cotton-powder1879 vigorite1879 blasting gelatine1881 Hercules powder1881 saxifragine1881 tonite1881 dynamogen1882 forcite1883 haloxylin1883 jelly powdera1884 nitro-gelatinea1884 panclastite1883 potentite1883 sebastinea1884 kolloxylin1884 hellhoffite1885 rackarock1885 securite1886 kinetite1887 roburite1887 carbo-dynamite1888 fortis1889 gelatine dynamite1889 gelignite1889 seranine1889 straw-dynamite1889 carbonite1890 amberite1891 nitro powder1892 Schnebelite1893 westfalite1894 thorite1899 soup1902 ammonal1903 cheddite1908 trinitrotoluene1908 Samsonite1909 tolite1909 trinitrotoluol1910 trotyl1910 glyceryl trinitrate1912 T.N.T.1915 nitro1916 amatol1918 cyclonite1923 hexogen1923 lox1923 pentaerythritol tetranitrate1923 hexite1931 aurantia1940 jelly1941 RDX1941 1847 Dana in Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Pyroxyline, Pyroxyle, a term embracing gun-cotton and all other explosive substances which are obtained by immersing vegetable fibre in nitric acid, or a mixture of sulphuric and nitric acid, and then suffering it to dry. 1866–8 H. Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 777 The term ‘pyroxylin’ is sometimes applied especially to the more highly nitrated compounds; but it is much better to use this term as a generic name for all the substitution-compounds formed by the action of nitric acid on cellulose, and to designate as ‘gun-cotton’ the most highly nitrated compound, trinitrocellulose. 1883 J. T. Taylor Hardwich's Man. Photogr. Chem. (ed. 9) 80 Photographic Pyroxyline is prepared with hot acids, heat being found remarkably to modify the products. 1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xiv. 335 Gun-cotton, pyroxiline, is probably a hexanitrate; in appearance it resembles cotton-wool, but is not so soft. 1955 B. C. L. Kemp Elem. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xv. 218 Gun-cotton is mixed with pyroxylin to obtain smokeless powder, and with nitro-glycerine and vaseline to form cordite. 1974 Art Jrnl. 33 323/2 After leaving the United States..he produced his first works with pyroxilin paint in the search for a satisfactory outdoor material. 2004 B. Bunch & A. Hellemans Hist. Sci. & Technol. 394/1 1868..Daniel Spill in England invents the synthetic plastic trademarked Xylonite, a mixture of pyroxylin (a lower-nitrated cellulose nitrate), alcohol, and ether. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1839
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