quantum numbern.

Brit.

/ˈkwɒntəm ˌnʌmbə/, U.S.

/ˈkwɑn(t)əm ˌnəmbər/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: quantum n., number n.

Etymology: < quantum n. + number n. In sense 2 after German Quantenzahl (1918 (in the passage translated in quot. 1920 at sense 2), or earlier). Compare Danish kvantetal (1921 or earlier in sense 2).

Physics.

1. The number of negatively charged particles in an electrically neutral body. Cf. quantum n. 4c. disused.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > [noun] > quantum number

quantum number1902

quantum defect1915

principal quantum number1922

magnetic quantum number1923

1902 Ld. Kelvin in London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 6th Ser. 3 259 The differences of quality of the atoms of different substances may be partially due to the quantum-numbers of their electrions being different.

2. A number which occurs in the theoretical expression for the value of a quantized property of a system (usually a particle, atom, or molecule) and can only be one of certain whole numbers and sometimes half-integral values; (also) the property so characterized.inner, magnetic, orbital, rotational quantum number, etc.: see the first element.

ΚΠ

1920 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 98 10 This requires ‘the azimuthal quantum number [Ger. azimutale Quantenzahl] of an atom to jump at the utmost by a unit’.

1939 J. W. T. Spinks tr. G. Herzberg Molecular Spectra & Molecular Struct. I. i. 15 The azimuthal quantum number l gives us therefore the orbital angular momentum of the electron in units h/2π.

1957 Endeavour 16 188/1 Nuclei with spin quantum numbers greater than one-half usually possess an electric quadrupole moment as well as a magnetic dipole moment.

1968 J. Bernstein Elem. Particles xiii. 211 The strong interactions of the strange particles are characterized by a new conserved quantum number in addition to the isotopic spin. This quantum number is the ‘strangeness’, S, or, equivalently, the ‘hypercharge’ Y.

1981 P. Sykes Guidebk. to Mechanism in Org. Chem. (ed. 5) i. 2 The 1s orbital (quantum numbers n = 1, l = 0, m = 0, corresponding to the classical K shell) is spherically symmetrical about the nucleus of the atom...

2000 Nature 13 Jan. 136/1 He played a leading role in the discovery of the strangeness quantum number..and the eightfold way.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	quantum number
释义	quantum numbern. Brit. /ˈkwɒntəm ˌnʌmbə/, U.S. /ˈkwɑn(t)əm ˌnəmbər/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: quantum n., number n. Etymology: < quantum n. + number n. In sense 2 after German Quantenzahl (1918 (in the passage translated in quot. 1920 at sense 2), or earlier). Compare Danish kvantetal (1921 or earlier in sense 2). Physics. 1. The number of negatively charged particles in an electrically neutral body. Cf. quantum n. 4c. disused. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > [noun] > quantum number quantum number1902 quantum defect1915 principal quantum number1922 magnetic quantum number1923 1902 Ld. Kelvin in London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 6th Ser. 3 259 The differences of quality of the atoms of different substances may be partially due to the quantum-numbers of their electrions being different. 2. A number which occurs in the theoretical expression for the value of a quantized property of a system (usually a particle, atom, or molecule) and can only be one of certain whole numbers and sometimes half-integral values; (also) the property so characterized.inner, magnetic, orbital, rotational quantum number, etc.: see the first element. ΚΠ 1920 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 98 10 This requires ‘the azimuthal quantum number [Ger. azimutale Quantenzahl] of an atom to jump at the utmost by a unit’. 1939 J. W. T. Spinks tr. G. Herzberg Molecular Spectra & Molecular Struct. I. i. 15 The azimuthal quantum number l gives us therefore the orbital angular momentum of the electron in units h/2π. 1957 Endeavour 16 188/1 Nuclei with spin quantum numbers greater than one-half usually possess an electric quadrupole moment as well as a magnetic dipole moment. 1968 J. Bernstein Elem. Particles xiii. 211 The strong interactions of the strange particles are characterized by a new conserved quantum number in addition to the isotopic spin. This quantum number is the ‘strangeness’, S, or, equivalently, the ‘hypercharge’ Y. 1981 P. Sykes Guidebk. to Mechanism in Org. Chem. (ed. 5) i. 2 The 1s orbital (quantum numbers n = 1, l = 0, m = 0, corresponding to the classical K shell) is spherically symmetrical about the nucleus of the atom... 2000 Nature 13 Jan. 136/1 He played a leading role in the discovery of the strangeness quantum number..and the eightfold way. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1902
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