Pyreneanadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌpɪrəˈniːən/, U.S.

/ˌpɪrəˈniən/

Forms: 1500s Pyrrhenyan, 1500s–1600s Pyrenaean, 1500s– Pyrenean, 1500s– Pyrenian, 1600s Perenean, 1600s Perennean, 1600s Piraenean, 1600s Piranean, 1600s Pirenaean, 1600s Pirenean, 1600s Pirennian, 1600s Pirhenean, 1600s Pyranaean, 1600s Pyrenoean, 1600s Pyrhenean, 1600s Pyrheneian (Scottish), 1600s Pyrrhenean, 1700s Pyranean, 1800s– Pyreneean.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin Pȳrēnaeus , -an suffix.

Etymology: < classical Latin Pȳrēnaeus of or belonging to the Pyrenees (especially in montēs Pȳrēnaeī the Pyrenean mountains; < Hellenistic Greek Πυρηναῖος , especially in Πυρηναῖα ὄρη the Pyrenean mountains; < ancient Greek Πυρήνη the Pyrenees (see Pyrene adj.) + -αῖος , suffix forming adjectives) + -an suffix; compare -ean suffix. Compare French Pyrénéen (1819). Compare Pyrene adj., Pyrenee adj.Compare Old English piresc , adjective, in the same sense (one isolated attestation rendering post-classical Latin Pyrenae Pyrenees; perhaps a transmission error for *pirenisc ):OE Prudentius Glosses (Boulogne 189) in H. D. Meritt Old Eng. Prudentius Glosses (1959) 69 Trans et pirenas : ofer þa pirescan [perh. read pireniscan] cnollas. With the forms ending in -ian compare -ian suffix.

A. adj.

1. Of, belonging to, or originating in the Pyrenees mountain range, or the surrounding regions of south-western France and north-eastern Spain.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > mountain > [adjective] > range > spec

Alpine?a1475

Pyrene?a1475

Riphaean1555

Pyrenean?1556

Pyrenee1590

hercynian1598

Alpic1611

Appalachian1672

Carpathian1673

Rhipaean1703

Alleghenian1740

Altaic1762

Altaian1780

Balkan1785

Uralian1801

Lepontine1802

Altai1824

Dinaric1833

Andean1845

Alpigene1847

Lepontian1857

Uralic1861

Himalayan1866

Cordilleran1891

Andine1900

Armorican1906

Variscan1906

?1556 N. Smyth in tr. Herodian Hist. sig. Eeiii^v And from Seyn, vnto Rheyn, Gaule Narbonique extendeth it selfe, vnto the Sea Mediterranean, beyonde the Alpes, and the Ryuer Uarus, vnto the Pyrrhenyan Mountaignes.

1592 Survay of France To Rdr. The Pyrenæan mountaines towardes Spaine.

1646 J. Howell Lustra Ludovici 49 He took the road of Bearn a frontier place towards Spain, fastning Navar to the foot of the Pyrenean Hills.

a1678 T. Hanmer Garden Bk. (1933) 41 The Pirenean Iris, with yellow falls.

?1709 A. Justice Gen. Treat. Dominion of Sea (new ed.) xi. 476 If Faith is given such Men, they [sc. pirates] may obtain the Right of Legation, as the Fugitives in the Pyranean Forests.

1761 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy IV. 62 He had accompanied his sister from Valadolid across the Pyrenean mountains thro' France.

1823 Ld. Byron Let. 5 Apr. (1980) X. 140 There is a rumour in letter of some disturbance or complot in the French Pyrenean army.

1895 Army & Navy Co-op. Soc. Price List 1089/1 (caption) Dressing Jacket, Pyrenean Wool, with girdle.

1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 21 May 399/3 General Beatson..is already known to the reading public as the author of three monographs on Wellington's operations in the Pyreneean area.

1966 M. R. D. Foot SOE in France vii. 155 This donnish figure made some highly unacademic contacts with the Pyrenean smugglers.

2005 Olive July 100/3 Imported spices are combined with first-class raw materials: Charolais beef; Pyrenean milk-fed lamb; and black-leg chicken.

2. spec. Designating any of several breeds of dog originating in the Pyrenees, esp. the Pyrenean mountain dog.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > other types of dog > [adjective] > of other types

Pyrenean1845

Pekinese1898

spitzy1937

1845 J. S. Skinner Dog & Sportsman v. 48 The Pyrenean, or St. Bernard dogs, sent by General Lafayette, were white, with a large portion of light brown colour.

1894 R. B. Lee Hist. & Descr. Mod. Dogs: Non-sporting Div. iv. 107 The so-called Pyrenean guard dog we often see on our show benches, is a dog some one hundred and twenty pounds weight and more.

1922 R. Leighton Compl. Bk. Dog v. 62 The beautiful white-coated Pyrenean Dog is also essentially a Mastiff.

1936 Times 13 July 8/2 He reintroduced into England the Pyrenean dog—a large light-coloured dog of the St. Bernard type.

2001 D. Rice Big Dog Breeds 173 Sometimes called the Pyrenean Mountain Dog,..the Great Pyrenees shares its heritage with the look-alike Pyrenean Mastiff.

B. n.

†1. In plural (chiefly with the): the Pyrenees mountain range. Also in singular: any one of the peaks or mountains of the Pyrenees. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > mountain > [noun] > range > other spec.

Mountains of the Moon1597

Carnic Alps1601

the Ghats1603

Pyreneans1768

Rocky Mountains1798

Balkans1802

Carnian Alps1802

Rockies1827

Carpathiana1832

Appalachians1834

Adirondack1838

keel1857

1606 G. Markham Eng. Arcadia i. sig. K His bald-head circled with a few milk-white haires..looked like the flakes of snow vppon the Alpes, or Pyreneans.

1671 Philos. Trans. 1670 (Royal Soc.) 5 2038 A Learned Travailer, that was upon the Top of one of the Pyreneans.

1676 J. Phillips Brief Acct. Memorable Trans. in J. Heath Chron. Late Intestine War (new ed.) 598 The Spaniards affirming, that the French were to restore not only the places they had got in this War, but also all the places they had possessed themselves of since the Treaty with the Pyreneans.

1768 Earl of Malmesbury Diaries & Corr. I. 35 At fifteen posts from Bayonne you discover the Pyreneans.

1779 H. Swinburne Trav. Spain viii. 58 The prospect is..grand..bounded by the mountains of Roussillon. The true Pyreneans appear only through some breaks in that chain.

1844 J. H. Merivale Poems II. 54 On the sixth fair evening [they] view The sun-clad Pyrenean's spiry peak.

1895 Geogr. Jrnl. 6 186 A spot, very advantageously situated on the high plateau, has been chosen in the region of the Pyreneans.

2. A native or inhabitant of the Pyrenees or Pyrenean regions.

ΚΠ

1698 T. Hearne Ductor Historicus I. iii. xviii. 410 He subdued the Pyreneans, Cantabrians, and Asturians, who had revolted.

1859 Harper's Mag. July 282/2 The honest Pyreneans were not the only sufferers by my unfortunate profession [sc. the law].

1883 Littell's Living Age 6 Oct. 35/2 Our Pyreneans would certainly soon drink out the purchase-money of their flock.

1937 Musical Q. 23 369 The gift of improvisation, often mentioned as a specialty of the Basques but actually shared by all Pyreneans.

2003 Daily Mail 13 Nov. 95 Betsen belts out all the best-loved Basque songs as if he's a Pyrenean and not an immigrant from Cameroon.

3. A Pyrenean mountain dog; a Pyrenean sheepdog.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > other types of dog > [noun] > giant breeds > Pyrenean mountain dog

Pyrenean1845

Pyrenean sheepdog1851

Pyrenean wolfhound1863

Pyrenean mountain dog1910

Great Pyrenees1933

1845 J. S. Skinner Dog & Sportsman v. 48 There are said to be two breeds of the Pyrenean.

1885 Kennel Gaz. Nov. 255/2 Foreign Dogs... Pastoure III. (Pyrenean),..Rita (Pyrenean).

1922 R. Leighton Compl. Bk. Dog v. 62 The Pyrenean has the same massive body.

1971 F. Hamilton World Encycl. Dogs 73 The Pyrenean is the smallest [French sheepdog].

2006 Dogs Monthly July 15/1 Wherever wolves were found and livestock had to be protected, the big shepherd dogs like the shepherd's mastiff..or the even bigger flock guardians, such as the Anatolian, the Pyrenean..and the Maremma, were utilised.

Compounds

Pyrenean mountain dog n. a breed of large, heavily built dog with a thick, shaggy, double coat, predominantly white but often with brown or grey markings, originally bred to guard sheep from wolves; a dog of this breed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > other types of dog > [noun] > giant breeds > Pyrenean mountain dog

Pyrenean1845

Pyrenean sheepdog1851

Pyrenean wolfhound1863

Pyrenean mountain dog1910

Great Pyrenees1933

1910 Times 20 Oct. 17/6 Lady Sybil Grant's Milanollo Patou (Pyrenean mountain dog).

1978 Times 11 Feb. 2/4 Those shaggy dogs masquerading as overcoats called Pyrenean mountain dogs.

2003 M. Bilyeu et al. Bee Gees (rev. ed.) xii. 170 After seeing Dave Dee's Pyrenean mountain dog, he bought one of his own: a fluffy, white giant of a puppy.

Pyrenean sheepdog n. (a) = Pyrenean mountain dog n. (now rare); (b) a breed of small dog with a long, typically fawn or grey coat, often with white markings, originally bred for herding sheep; a dog of this breed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > other types of dog > [noun] > giant breeds > Pyrenean mountain dog

Pyrenean1845

Pyrenean sheepdog1851

Pyrenean wolfhound1863

Pyrenean mountain dog1910

Great Pyrenees1933

1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 358/2 3s.—for collars seemingly big enough for Pyrenean sheep dogs.

1927 E. C. Ash Dogs: their Hist. & Devel. II. ix. ii. 589 There is..the remarkable similarity of the St. Bernard of about that time to the Pyrenean sheep-dog ‘Cabbas’, the property of her Majesty Queen Victoria.

1945 C. L. B. Hubbard Observer's Bk. Dogs 184 Pyrenean Sheepdog... This is quite a distinct race from the Pyrenean Mountain Dog,..being much smaller and seldom used for guard work.

1999 J. Cunliffe Encycl. Dog Breeds (2002) 234 With its strong herding instinct, the highly intelligent Pyrenean Sheepdog has tremendous energy and stamina for its size.

Pyrenean wolfhound n. (also †Pyrenean wolfdog) now rare = Pyrenean mountain dog n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > other types of dog > [noun] > giant breeds > Pyrenean mountain dog

Pyrenean1845

Pyrenean sheepdog1851

Pyrenean wolfhound1863

Pyrenean mountain dog1910

Great Pyrenees1933

1863 Times 21 May 11/6 The Spanish sheepdog, the Pyrenean wolfdog, the Sicilian wolf dog, and a dozen more of the bold huge defenders of fold and farm abroad.

1870 Times 24 June 1/6 The..Pyrenean wolfhound, Austrian poodle, and other splendid specimens, should be seen this day by all lovers of dogs.

1905 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Daily News 30 May 7/4 This one the monks bred to a Pyrenean wolfhound, and from this cross came the present St. Bernard.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pyrenean
释义	Pyreneanadj.n. Brit. /ˌpɪrəˈniːən/, U.S. /ˌpɪrəˈniən/ Forms: 1500s Pyrrhenyan, 1500s–1600s Pyrenaean, 1500s– Pyrenean, 1500s– Pyrenian, 1600s Perenean, 1600s Perennean, 1600s Piraenean, 1600s Piranean, 1600s Pirenaean, 1600s Pirenean, 1600s Pirennian, 1600s Pirhenean, 1600s Pyranaean, 1600s Pyrenoean, 1600s Pyrhenean, 1600s Pyrheneian (Scottish), 1600s Pyrrhenean, 1700s Pyranean, 1800s– Pyreneean. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin Pȳrēnaeus , -an suffix. Etymology: < classical Latin Pȳrēnaeus of or belonging to the Pyrenees (especially in montēs Pȳrēnaeī the Pyrenean mountains; < Hellenistic Greek Πυρηναῖος , especially in Πυρηναῖα ὄρη the Pyrenean mountains; < ancient Greek Πυρήνη the Pyrenees (see Pyrene adj.) + -αῖος , suffix forming adjectives) + -an suffix; compare -ean suffix. Compare French Pyrénéen (1819). Compare Pyrene adj., Pyrenee adj.Compare Old English piresc , adjective, in the same sense (one isolated attestation rendering post-classical Latin Pyrenae Pyrenees; perhaps a transmission error for pirenisc ):OE Prudentius Glosses* (Boulogne 189) in H. D. Meritt Old Eng. Prudentius Glosses (1959) 69 Trans et pirenas : ofer þa pirescan [perh. read pireniscan] cnollas. With the forms ending in -ian compare -ian suffix. A. adj. 1. Of, belonging to, or originating in the Pyrenees mountain range, or the surrounding regions of south-western France and north-eastern Spain. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > mountain > [adjective] > range > spec Alpine?a1475 Pyrene?a1475 Riphaean1555 Pyrenean?1556 Pyrenee1590 hercynian1598 Alpic1611 Appalachian1672 Carpathian1673 Rhipaean1703 Alleghenian1740 Altaic1762 Altaian1780 Balkan1785 Uralian1801 Lepontine1802 Altai1824 Dinaric1833 Andean1845 Alpigene1847 Lepontian1857 Uralic1861 Himalayan1866 Cordilleran1891 Andine1900 Armorican1906 Variscan1906 ?1556 N. Smyth in tr. Herodian Hist. sig. Eeiii^v And from Seyn, vnto Rheyn, Gaule Narbonique extendeth it selfe, vnto the Sea Mediterranean, beyonde the Alpes, and the Ryuer Uarus, vnto the Pyrrhenyan Mountaignes. 1592 Survay of France To Rdr. The Pyrenæan mountaines towardes Spaine. 1646 J. Howell Lustra Ludovici 49 He took the road of Bearn a frontier place towards Spain, fastning Navar to the foot of the Pyrenean Hills. a1678 T. Hanmer Garden Bk. (1933) 41 The Pirenean Iris, with yellow falls. ?1709 A. Justice Gen. Treat. Dominion of Sea (new ed.) xi. 476 If Faith is given such Men, they [sc. pirates] may obtain the Right of Legation, as the Fugitives in the Pyranean Forests. 1761 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy IV. 62 He had accompanied his sister from Valadolid across the Pyrenean mountains thro' France. 1823 Ld. Byron Let. 5 Apr. (1980) X. 140 There is a rumour in letter of some disturbance or complot in the French Pyrenean army. 1895 Army & Navy Co-op. Soc. Price List 1089/1 (caption) Dressing Jacket, Pyrenean Wool, with girdle. 1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 21 May 399/3 General Beatson..is already known to the reading public as the author of three monographs on Wellington's operations in the Pyreneean area. 1966 M. R. D. Foot SOE in France vii. 155 This donnish figure made some highly unacademic contacts with the Pyrenean smugglers. 2005 Olive July 100/3 Imported spices are combined with first-class raw materials: Charolais beef; Pyrenean milk-fed lamb; and black-leg chicken. 2. spec. Designating any of several breeds of dog originating in the Pyrenees, esp. the Pyrenean mountain dog. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > other types of dog > [adjective] > of other types Pyrenean1845 Pekinese1898 spitzy1937 1845 J. S. Skinner Dog & Sportsman v. 48 The Pyrenean, or St. Bernard dogs, sent by General Lafayette, were white, with a large portion of light brown colour. 1894 R. B. Lee Hist. & Descr. Mod. Dogs: Non-sporting Div. iv. 107 The so-called Pyrenean guard dog we often see on our show benches, is a dog some one hundred and twenty pounds weight and more. 1922 R. Leighton Compl. Bk. Dog v. 62 The beautiful white-coated Pyrenean Dog is also essentially a Mastiff. 1936 Times 13 July 8/2 He reintroduced into England the Pyrenean dog—a large light-coloured dog of the St. Bernard type. 2001 D. Rice Big Dog Breeds 173 Sometimes called the Pyrenean Mountain Dog,..the Great Pyrenees shares its heritage with the look-alike Pyrenean Mastiff. B. n. †1. In plural (chiefly with the): the Pyrenees mountain range. Also in singular: any one of the peaks or mountains of the Pyrenees. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > mountain > [noun] > range > other spec. Mountains of the Moon1597 Carnic Alps1601 the Ghats1603 Pyreneans1768 Rocky Mountains1798 Balkans1802 Carnian Alps1802 Rockies1827 Carpathiana1832 Appalachians1834 Adirondack1838 keel1857 1606 G. Markham Eng. Arcadia i. sig. K His bald-head circled with a few milk-white haires..looked like the flakes of snow vppon the Alpes, or Pyreneans. 1671 Philos. Trans. 1670 (Royal Soc.) 5 2038 A Learned Travailer, that was upon the Top of one of the Pyreneans. 1676 J. Phillips Brief Acct. Memorable Trans. in J. Heath Chron. Late Intestine War (new ed.) 598 The Spaniards affirming, that the French were to restore not only the places they had got in this War, but also all the places they had possessed themselves of since the Treaty with the Pyreneans. 1768 Earl of Malmesbury Diaries & Corr. I. 35 At fifteen posts from Bayonne you discover the Pyreneans. 1779 H. Swinburne Trav. Spain viii. 58 The prospect is..grand..bounded by the mountains of Roussillon. The true Pyreneans appear only through some breaks in that chain. 1844 J. H. Merivale Poems II. 54 On the sixth fair evening [they] view The sun-clad Pyrenean's spiry peak. 1895 Geogr. Jrnl. 6 186 A spot, very advantageously situated on the high plateau, has been chosen in the region of the Pyreneans. 2. A native or inhabitant of the Pyrenees or Pyrenean regions. ΚΠ 1698 T. Hearne Ductor Historicus I. iii. xviii. 410 He subdued the Pyreneans, Cantabrians, and Asturians, who had revolted. 1859 Harper's Mag. July 282/2 The honest Pyreneans were not the only sufferers by my unfortunate profession [sc. the law]. 1883 Littell's Living Age 6 Oct. 35/2 Our Pyreneans would certainly soon drink out the purchase-money of their flock. 1937 Musical Q. 23 369 The gift of improvisation, often mentioned as a specialty of the Basques but actually shared by all Pyreneans. 2003 Daily Mail 13 Nov. 95 Betsen belts out all the best-loved Basque songs as if he's a Pyrenean and not an immigrant from Cameroon. 3. A Pyrenean mountain dog; a Pyrenean sheepdog. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > other types of dog > [noun] > giant breeds > Pyrenean mountain dog Pyrenean1845 Pyrenean sheepdog1851 Pyrenean wolfhound1863 Pyrenean mountain dog1910 Great Pyrenees1933 1845 J. S. Skinner Dog & Sportsman v. 48 There are said to be two breeds of the Pyrenean. 1885 Kennel Gaz. Nov. 255/2 Foreign Dogs... Pastoure III. (Pyrenean),..Rita (Pyrenean). 1922 R. Leighton Compl. Bk. Dog v. 62 The Pyrenean has the same massive body. 1971 F. Hamilton World Encycl. Dogs 73 The Pyrenean is the smallest [French sheepdog]. 2006 Dogs Monthly July 15/1 Wherever wolves were found and livestock had to be protected, the big shepherd dogs like the shepherd's mastiff..or the even bigger flock guardians, such as the Anatolian, the Pyrenean..and the Maremma, were utilised. Compounds Pyrenean mountain dog n. a breed of large, heavily built dog with a thick, shaggy, double coat, predominantly white but often with brown or grey markings, originally bred to guard sheep from wolves; a dog of this breed. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > other types of dog > [noun] > giant breeds > Pyrenean mountain dog Pyrenean1845 Pyrenean sheepdog1851 Pyrenean wolfhound1863 Pyrenean mountain dog1910 Great Pyrenees1933 1910 Times 20 Oct. 17/6 Lady Sybil Grant's Milanollo Patou (Pyrenean mountain dog). 1978 Times 11 Feb. 2/4 Those shaggy dogs masquerading as overcoats called Pyrenean mountain dogs. 2003 M. Bilyeu et al. Bee Gees (rev. ed.) xii. 170 After seeing Dave Dee's Pyrenean mountain dog, he bought one of his own: a fluffy, white giant of a puppy. Pyrenean sheepdog n. (a) = Pyrenean mountain dog n. (now rare); (b) a breed of small dog with a long, typically fawn or grey coat, often with white markings, originally bred for herding sheep; a dog of this breed. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > other types of dog > [noun] > giant breeds > Pyrenean mountain dog Pyrenean1845 Pyrenean sheepdog1851 Pyrenean wolfhound1863 Pyrenean mountain dog1910 Great Pyrenees1933 1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 358/2 3s.—for collars seemingly big enough for Pyrenean sheep dogs. 1927 E. C. Ash Dogs: their Hist. & Devel. II. ix. ii. 589 There is..the remarkable similarity of the St. Bernard of about that time to the Pyrenean sheep-dog ‘Cabbas’, the property of her Majesty Queen Victoria. 1945 C. L. B. Hubbard Observer's Bk. Dogs 184 Pyrenean Sheepdog... This is quite a distinct race from the Pyrenean Mountain Dog,..being much smaller and seldom used for guard work. 1999 J. Cunliffe Encycl. Dog Breeds (2002) 234 With its strong herding instinct, the highly intelligent Pyrenean Sheepdog has tremendous energy and stamina for its size. Pyrenean wolfhound n. (also †Pyrenean wolfdog) now rare = Pyrenean mountain dog n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > other types of dog > [noun] > giant breeds > Pyrenean mountain dog Pyrenean1845 Pyrenean sheepdog1851 Pyrenean wolfhound1863 Pyrenean mountain dog1910 Great Pyrenees1933 1863 Times 21 May 11/6 The Spanish sheepdog, the Pyrenean wolfdog, the Sicilian wolf dog, and a dozen more of the bold huge defenders of fold and farm abroad. 1870 Times 24 June 1/6 The..Pyrenean wolfhound, Austrian poodle, and other splendid specimens, should be seen this day by all lovers of dogs. 1905 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Daily News 30 May 7/4 This one the monks bred to a Pyrenean wolfhound, and from this cross came the present St. Bernard. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.?1556
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