† benimv.

Forms: Chief forms: infinitive Old English beniman, Middle English binime(n, Middle English bynymen, 1500s benymme, ( bynemme) past tense Old English benam, Old English–Middle English binam, Middle English binom, Middle English by-, benam(e, benaam, benom. past participle Old English benumen, Middle English binume(n, Middle English binome, benome, benomin, benummen, (Middle English byname, 1500s binomed).

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: A common Germanic compound verb: Old English bi- , be-niman = Old High German bineman , Middle High German benemen , modern German benehmen , Dutch benemen , Gothic biniman , < bi- , be- prefix + niman , Germanic *neman to take: see nim v. Little used after 1500; except in past participle benumen , benum , now benumb adj., benumbed adj. See also beneme v.

Obsolete.

a. transitive. To take away generally.

ΚΠ

a1000 Metr. Boeth. 271 Þa ær se swearta storm benumen hæfde leafa gehwelces.

c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 143 Þis woreld hwile gifð wunne . and hwile hit eft binimð.

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. 375 Vor he..by nome her lond.

1436 in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1859) II. 159 Allas! oure reule halteth, hit is benome.

1486 Bk. St. Albans B ij b Hit shall benymme hir grece.

b. with dative of possessor (= from).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > loss > taking away > take away [verb (transitive)]

atbraidOE

benimOE

fornimOE

to reach upOE

reaveOE

bilacchea1325

to take away1372

stealc1374

privea1387

beneme1387

reach?a1400

deprivec1400

subduce1434

embezzle1469

pluckc1475

fortakea1500

raima1500

devest1538

rig1573

imbolish1592

exact1660

drain1673

OE Genesis 362 Næfð he þeah riht gedon þæt he us hæfð befælled fyre to botme, helle þære hatan, heofonrice benumen.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 772 Sone him was sarrai bi-numen.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. xxviii. 19 And shal bynyme them ther trauailes [a1425 L.V. hath priued hem of her trauelis].

c1430 Hymns Virg. (1867) 92 Þis word..binam me al my list.

1493 Festivall (1515) 170 b Thou benymest the aungelles in heven their Joye.

1560 Chaucer's Boeth. in T. Speght Wks. G. Chaucer f. 204/1 Ne Fortune may not benemme [1374 by-nyme] it thee.

1560 Chaucer's Boeth. in T. Speght Wks. G. Chaucer f. 208/1 Money, that hath been binomed [1374 bynomen] hem.]

c. from a possessor.

ΚΠ

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1764 [I]c was for-dred ðe migte timen Fro me ðine doutres bi-nimen.

c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋486 It bynymeth fro man his witte.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. lx. f. xx^v Offa King of Mercia..for dispeasure that he hadde to the Cytezeins of caunterbury by name & toke from them that dignyte.

a. transitive. To rob, deprive, bereave. Const. originally genitive, later of (? at, from).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > loss > taking away > take away [verb (transitive)] > deprive (of)

benimc890

to do of ——eOE

bedealc1000

disturbc1230

bereavec1275

reave?a1300

acquitc1300

benemec1300

deprivec1330

privea1382

subvertc1384

oppressc1395

abridgea1400

to bate of, from1399

lessa1400

nakena1400

dischargea1425

privatec1425

to bring outa1450

abatec1450

sever?1507

spulyie?1507

denude1513

disable1529

distrain1530

destituec1540

destitutec1540

defalk1541

to turn out of ——1545

discomfit1548

wipe1549

nude1551

disannul?a1556

bereft1557

diminish1559

benoom1563

joint1573

uncase1583

rid1585

disarm1590

visitc1592

ease1600

dispatch1604

unfurnisha1616

rig1629

retrench1640

unbecomea1641

disentail1641

cashier1690

twin1722

mulct1748

fordo1764

to do out of ——1796

to cut out1815

bate1823

deprivate1832

devoid1878

c890 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. iii. vii. (Bosw.) He hine his ríces benam.

c1230 Hali Meid. 35 Þe care aȝain þi pinunge þrahen binimeð þe nihtes slepes.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 4388 Þat he me nolde vt driuen. bi-nimen me æt þan liue [c1300 Otho refeme of pan lifue].

a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 140 Þese may benym þy souerayne from many nyghtis restis.

1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. vii. 93/1 To benymme Edwarde of his ryght.

b. Without const.: To rob; to spoil, ravish.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > rob [verb (transitive)]

reaveeOE

benima1325

berob1340

pelfa1400

distress1490

derob1546

heave1567

shrive1630

strubc1680

spung1719

to do over1785

strong-arm1896

make1926

heist1930

to take off1937

to knock off1960

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1706 Lia bar last dowter dinam, Sichem siðen hire ille bi-nam.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 23 Ydelblisse benimþ god and stelþ þet his is.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 39 Þise greate prela[te]s þat benimeþ and robbeþ hire onderlinges.

1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. xcvi. 76 Euer he that was strengest bynome hym that was feblyst.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	benim
释义	† benimv. Forms: Chief forms: infinitive Old English beniman, Middle English binime(n, Middle English bynymen, 1500s benymme, ( bynemme) past tense Old English benam, Old English–Middle English binam, Middle English binom, Middle English by-, benam(e, benaam, benom. past participle Old English benumen, Middle English binume(n, Middle English binome, benome, benomin, benummen, (Middle English byname, 1500s binomed). Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: A common Germanic compound verb: Old English bi- , be-niman = Old High German bineman , Middle High German benemen , modern German benehmen , Dutch benemen , Gothic biniman , < bi- , be- prefix + niman , Germanic neman to take: see nim v. Little used after 1500; except in past participle benumen* , benum , now benumb adj., benumbed adj. See also beneme v. Obsolete. 1. a. transitive. To take away generally. ΚΠ a1000 Metr. Boeth. 271 Þa ær se swearta storm benumen hæfde leafa gehwelces. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 143 Þis woreld hwile gifð wunne . and hwile hit eft binimð. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. 375 Vor he..by nome her lond. 1436 in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1859) II. 159 Allas! oure reule halteth, hit is benome. 1486 Bk. St. Albans B ij b Hit shall benymme hir grece. b. with dative of possessor (= from). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > loss > taking away > take away [verb (transitive)] atbraidOE benimOE fornimOE to reach upOE reaveOE bilacchea1325 to take away1372 stealc1374 privea1387 beneme1387 reach?a1400 deprivec1400 subduce1434 embezzle1469 pluckc1475 fortakea1500 raima1500 devest1538 rig1573 imbolish1592 exact1660 drain1673 OE Genesis 362 Næfð he þeah riht gedon þæt he us hæfð befælled fyre to botme, helle þære hatan, heofonrice benumen. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 772 Sone him was sarrai bi-numen. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. xxviii. 19 And shal bynyme them ther trauailes [a1425 L.V. hath priued hem of her trauelis]. c1430 Hymns Virg. (1867) 92 Þis word..binam me al my list. 1493 Festivall (1515) 170 b Thou benymest the aungelles in heven their Joye. 1560 Chaucer's Boeth. in T. Speght Wks. G. Chaucer f. 204/1 Ne Fortune may not benemme [1374 by-nyme] it thee. 1560 Chaucer's Boeth. in T. Speght Wks. G. Chaucer f. 208/1 Money, that hath been binomed [1374 bynomen] hem.] c. from a possessor. ΚΠ a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1764 [I]c was for-dred ðe migte timen Fro me ðine doutres bi-nimen. c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋486 It bynymeth fro man his witte. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. lx. f. xx^v Offa King of Mercia..for dispeasure that he hadde to the Cytezeins of caunterbury by name & toke from them that dignyte. 2. a. transitive. To rob, deprive, bereave. Const. originally genitive, later of (? at, from). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > loss > taking away > take away [verb (transitive)] > deprive (of) benimc890 to do of ——eOE bedealc1000 disturbc1230 bereavec1275 reave?a1300 acquitc1300 benemec1300 deprivec1330 privea1382 subvertc1384 oppressc1395 abridgea1400 to bate of, from1399 lessa1400 nakena1400 dischargea1425 privatec1425 to bring outa1450 abatec1450 sever?1507 spulyie?1507 denude1513 disable1529 distrain1530 destituec1540 destitutec1540 defalk1541 to turn out of ——1545 discomfit1548 wipe1549 nude1551 disannul?a1556 bereft1557 diminish1559 benoom1563 joint1573 uncase1583 rid1585 disarm1590 visitc1592 ease1600 dispatch1604 unfurnisha1616 rig1629 retrench1640 unbecomea1641 disentail1641 cashier1690 twin1722 mulct1748 fordo1764 to do out of ——1796 to cut out1815 bate1823 deprivate1832 devoid1878 c890 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. iii. vii. (Bosw.) He hine his ríces benam. c1230 Hali Meid. 35 Þe care aȝain þi pinunge þrahen binimeð þe nihtes slepes. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 4388 Þat he me nolde vt driuen. bi-nimen me æt þan liue [c1300 Otho refeme of pan lifue]. a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 140 Þese may benym þy souerayne from many nyghtis restis. 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. vii. 93/1 To benymme Edwarde of his ryght. b. Without const.: To rob; to spoil, ravish. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > rob [verb (transitive)] reaveeOE benima1325 berob1340 pelfa1400 distress1490 derob1546 heave1567 shrive1630 strubc1680 spung1719 to do over1785 strong-arm1896 make1926 heist1930 to take off1937 hit1955 to knock off1960 a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1706 Lia bar last dowter dinam, Sichem siðen hire ille bi-nam. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 23 Ydelblisse benimþ god and stelþ þet his is. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 39 Þise greate prela[te]s þat benimeþ and robbeþ hire onderlinges. 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. xcvi. 76 Euer he that was strengest bynome hym that was feblyst. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.c890
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