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单词 quantivalence
释义

quantivalencen.

Brit. /kwɒnˈtɪvəl(ə)ns/, U.S. /kwɑnˈtɪv(ə)ləns/
Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with English elements. Etymons: Latin quantus , -i- connective, -valence comb. form.
Etymology: < classical Latin quantus how much (see quantum n.) + -i- connective + -valence comb. form, after equivalence n. With sense 1 compare German Quantivalenz (1869 or earlier in the German translation of the source cited in quot. 1865 at sense 1), and slightly later valency n. 2a.The term was apparently coined in English (compare quot. 1865), having been suggested to A. W. Hofmann by F. O. Ward:1866 F. O. Ward in Chem. News 13 262/2 In the course of collaboration with my esteemed friend, Dr. Hofmann, in the production of his lately published ‘Introduction to Modern Chemistry’.., I was struck with the barbarous character of the term ‘atomicity,’ at that time employed to express certain numerical relations of the elements, and I proposed the substitution of the term ‘quantivalence’ as much better fitted for the purpose. Dr. Hofmann fully concurred in this view.
Now rare.
1. Chemistry. = valency n. 2a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > valency > [noun]
atomicity1859
quantivalence1865
valency1869
adicity1882
valence1884
1865 A. W. Hofmann Introd. Mod. Chem. 169 We are in want of a good appellation to denote this atom-fixing power of the elements. The vague and rather barbarous expression, atomicity, has drifted into use for this purpose; and the elements have been called monatomic, diatomic, triatomic... These expressions are faulty, because they are open to misinterpretation, as if intended to denote the atomic structure of the respective elementary molecules themselves... We shall escape this by substituting the expression quantivalence for atomicity and designating the elements univalent, bivalent [etc.].
1869 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (new ed.) xvi. 164 The class of monads possess only one combining power, or quantivalence.
1898 Science Nov. 724/2 The so-called ‘molecular compounds’, which are so little understood and so hard to reconcile with our only partially satisfactory ideas of quantivalence.
1911 W. Jago & W. C. Jago Technol. Bread-making i. 17 The atom-combining power of elements varies—Quantivalence or Atomicity is the measure of that combining power.
2002 Materials Res. Bull. 37 1493 Quantivalence of Ce was four for this anhydrous compound with high purity.
2. gen. Equivalence in quantitative terms.
ΚΠ
1890 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 9 Aug. 319/2 It shows that the quantivalence of nerve force is exceedingly small.
1922 T. Veblen Instinct of Workmanship vi. 264 Through all this runs the concomitant requirement of quantivalence, statable in statistical form.
1932 E. Paul & C. Paul tr. H. Iltis Life of Mendel xxi. 309 The three propositions, namely that the characters have a regular quantivalence in respect of dimension, number, and hereditability..form the nucleus of the mendelian doctrine.

Derivatives

quanˈtivalency n. Chemistry = sense 1.
ΚΠ
1875 J. McCosh Ideas in Nature 18 In chemical combinations the atom..frequently exhibits a wide range of deportment, coming under the head of what chemists call quantivalency or atomicity.
1879 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 1 156 The uneven quantivalencies of the elements taking part in the reaction.
2004 Jrnl. Solid State Chem. 177 1486/2 The Al element with uniform quantivalency of Al3+ acted as effective donor.
quanˈtivalent adj. chiefly Chemistry of or relating to quantivalence; (chemically) equivalent.
ΚΠ
1865 A. W. Hoffman Introd. Mod. Chem. x. 169 By the difference of their quantivalent powers the four elements under review are impressed, each with a strongly-marked character of its own.
1884 Amer. Naturalist 18 417 The quantivalent ratio of basis to silica is calculated as 9 : 6 or 3 : 2.
1907 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 29 1134 Any discusson of quantivalent reactions seems to be avoided.
1923 Harvard Theol. Rev. 16 114 This sea of consciousness, in which the separate individual consciousness floats, is called ku in Japanese and akasa in Sanskrit... Even now the terms are not quantivalent.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1865
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