pylorusn.

Brit.

/pʌɪˈlɔːrəs/, U.S.

/paɪˈlɔrəs/

Forms: 1600s–1700s pilorus, 1500s– pylorus.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin pylorus.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin pylorus lower orifice of the stomach (5th cent.) < ancient Greek πυλωρός , πυλουρός gatekeeper, porter, in Hellenistic Greek also lower orifice of the stomach < πύλη gate (see -pyle comb. form) + οὖρος watcher, warder ( < ὀρεῖσθαι to keep watch, ultimately < the same Indo-European base as ware n.²). Compare Middle French, French pylore (1552).

1. Anatomy and Zoology. In humans and most other vertebrates: the opening between the distal end of the stomach and the intestine (duodenum), which is surrounded by a sphincter muscle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > stomach or belly > [noun] > orifices of

pylorus1565

porter1594

cardia1632

1565 J. Hall Expositiue Table 53 in tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. The Hydropsy cometh..by the faultes of the breste the splene and the renes, of the gutte Pylorus and Mesenterium, or of some one of the small guttes.

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 103 The guts are continued with the stomack at the right Orifice called the Pylorus.

1662 J. Chandler tr. J. B. van Helmont Oriatrike 222 In what part the Stomach layeth open at top,..is called its Orifice or mouth: But its utterance beneath, is named the Pylorus or Porter.

1726 R. Towne Treat. Dis. W.-Indies 88 The Fibres of the Bowels seem to be contracted and drawn up from the Anus and the Pilorus towards the part primarily affected.

1767 B. Gooch Pract. Treat. Wounds I. 394 Its superior orifice, called also the cardiac, is on the left, and the inferior or pylorus, on the right side of this organ.

1808 J. Barclay Muscular Motions 543 The pylorus opens into the intestine.

1875 C. C. Blake Zoology 198 At the pylorus there is an annular membranous valve, near which the gall-duct opens.

1927 Amer. Mercury July 381/2 They cause its mucosa to blow up in large blisters, and paralyze the nerves which operate the pylorus.

1957 L. Durrell Justine ii. 141 Wine swilling the conduits, the pylorus disgorging like a sucker, the incommensurable bacteriological world multiplying in every drop of semen, spittle.

1993 New Yorker 20 Sept. 67/1 The bacterium..was finally named Helicobacter pylori, because the rod-shaped bacillus is twisted into a helix and because it generally inhabits the pylorus.

2. Zoology. In various invertebrates: the posterior region or opening of the stomach, or a part of the gut immediately posterior to the stomach.In quot. 1877: spec. a structure separating the gastric and somatic cavities in certain siphonophores.

ΚΠ

1792 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 82 180 Nor is the outlet [of the bee's stomach] a passage directly out, but in the centre of a projection which enters some way into the reservoir, being rather an inverted pylorus.

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xl. 99 The stomach... At its posterior end it terminates in the pylorus, a fleshy ring or sphincter formed of annular muscular fibres.

1877 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Invertebrated Animals iii. 141 A valvular ‘pylorus’ separates the gastric from the somatic cavity in the Calycophoridæ.

1883 Science 21 Dec. 790/1 The interior of the polyp is mainly occupied by the alimentary apparatus... The stomach towards the mouth of the bell has an alembic-like pylorus.

1958 J. E. Morton Molluscs v. 88 Tunicates form their food string by twisting in the oesophagus, Amphioxus has a rotating area in the colon, polyzoans, brachiopods and Phoronis in the pylorus.

1989 Jrnl. Parasitol. 75 443/2 Insects of the genus Gerris have 4 elongated Malpighian tubules that..open into the pylorus at the junction with the midgut.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pylorus
释义	pylorusn. Brit. /pʌɪˈlɔːrəs/, U.S. /paɪˈlɔrəs/ Forms: 1600s–1700s pilorus, 1500s– pylorus. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin pylorus. Etymology: < post-classical Latin pylorus lower orifice of the stomach (5th cent.) < ancient Greek πυλωρός , πυλουρός gatekeeper, porter, in Hellenistic Greek also lower orifice of the stomach < πύλη gate (see -pyle comb. form) + οὖρος watcher, warder ( < ὀρεῖσθαι to keep watch, ultimately < the same Indo-European base as ware n.²). Compare Middle French, French pylore (1552). 1. Anatomy and Zoology. In humans and most other vertebrates: the opening between the distal end of the stomach and the intestine (duodenum), which is surrounded by a sphincter muscle. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > stomach or belly > [noun] > orifices of pylorus1565 porter1594 cardia1632 1565 J. Hall Expositiue Table 53 in tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. The Hydropsy cometh..by the faultes of the breste the splene and the renes, of the gutte Pylorus and Mesenterium, or of some one of the small guttes. 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 103 The guts are continued with the stomack at the right Orifice called the Pylorus. 1662 J. Chandler tr. J. B. van Helmont Oriatrike 222 In what part the Stomach layeth open at top,..is called its Orifice or mouth: But its utterance beneath, is named the Pylorus or Porter. 1726 R. Towne Treat. Dis. W.-Indies 88 The Fibres of the Bowels seem to be contracted and drawn up from the Anus and the Pilorus towards the part primarily affected. 1767 B. Gooch Pract. Treat. Wounds I. 394 Its superior orifice, called also the cardiac, is on the left, and the inferior or pylorus, on the right side of this organ. 1808 J. Barclay Muscular Motions 543 The pylorus opens into the intestine. 1875 C. C. Blake Zoology 198 At the pylorus there is an annular membranous valve, near which the gall-duct opens. 1927 Amer. Mercury July 381/2 They cause its mucosa to blow up in large blisters, and paralyze the nerves which operate the pylorus. 1957 L. Durrell Justine ii. 141 Wine swilling the conduits, the pylorus disgorging like a sucker, the incommensurable bacteriological world multiplying in every drop of semen, spittle. 1993 New Yorker 20 Sept. 67/1 The bacterium..was finally named Helicobacter pylori, because the rod-shaped bacillus is twisted into a helix and because it generally inhabits the pylorus. 2. Zoology. In various invertebrates: the posterior region or opening of the stomach, or a part of the gut immediately posterior to the stomach.In quot. 1877: spec. a structure separating the gastric and somatic cavities in certain siphonophores. ΚΠ 1792 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 82 180 Nor is the outlet [of the bee's stomach] a passage directly out, but in the centre of a projection which enters some way into the reservoir, being rather an inverted pylorus. 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xl. 99 The stomach... At its posterior end it terminates in the pylorus, a fleshy ring or sphincter formed of annular muscular fibres. 1877 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Invertebrated Animals iii. 141 A valvular ‘pylorus’ separates the gastric from the somatic cavity in the Calycophoridæ. 1883 Science 21 Dec. 790/1 The interior of the polyp is mainly occupied by the alimentary apparatus... The stomach towards the mouth of the bell has an alembic-like pylorus. 1958 J. E. Morton Molluscs v. 88 Tunicates form their food string by twisting in the oesophagus, Amphioxus has a rotating area in the colon, polyzoans, brachiopods and Phoronis in the pylorus. 1989 Jrnl. Parasitol. 75 443/2 Insects of the genus Gerris have 4 elongated Malpighian tubules that..open into the pylorus at the junction with the midgut. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1565
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