purwanahn.

Brit.

/pəːˈwɑːnə/, U.S.

/pərˈwɑnə/

Forms: 1600s perwan, 1600s pherwanna, 1600s purwauna, 1600s–1700s perwanna, 1600s–1700s purwanna, 1600s–1700s 1900s– parwana, 1700s parwanna, 1700s parwannah, 1700s pervanna, 1700s pervannah, 1700s perwana, 1700s purvanna, 1700s purvannah, 1700s–1800s perwanah, 1700s–1800s purwannah, 1700s– perwannah, 1700s– purwanah, 1800s parwanah, 1800s perwunah, 1900s– parvana, 1900s– purwana.

Origin: A borrowing from Urdu. Etymon: Urdu parwāna.

Etymology: < Urdu parwāna < Persian parwāna permit, e.g. residence permit, license, formerly also a particular type of royal decree.

Now chiefly historical.

In South Asia: a letter of authorization; an order, a licence, a pass.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > permission > [noun] > document which permits or authorizes

placard1482

warranta1513

placket1571

placate1572

licence1598

permission1607

purwanah1619

permit1649

furlougha1658

legitimation1660

chitty1698

chop1699

cedula1724

ticket of leave1732

chit1757

stiff1892

1619 T. Kerridge Let. ?1 Nov. in W. Foster Eng. Factories in India, 1618–21 (1906) 133 The Governor of Broach..has sent a parwāna ordering the Customer to treat the English properly.

1638 W. Bruton Newes from E.-Indies 21 At our comming he called for our Perwan, (which was our Warrant or Licence).

1682 W. Hedges Diary 10 Oct. (1887) I. 34 If..we did not procure a Pherwanna from the Duan of Decca to excuse us from it [sc. paying a customs duty].

1702 in J. T. Wheeler Madras (1861) I. 405 Perwannas directed to all Foujdars.

1765 Ann. Reg. 1764 191 The late perwannahs..granting..exemption of all duties..shall be reversed.

1801 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1800 Misc. Tracts 250/2 My servant returned..with the Rajah's acknowledgment of my letter, and a purwannah or pass through his dominions, written in the ancient Hindu character.

1849 E. B. Eastwick Dry Leaves 218 (note) One of these officers..signed a parwánah for a merchant to transport goods through Sindh to Cábul free of toll.

1901 R. Kipling Sahib's War in Traffics & Discov. (1904) 88 The Boer-log came..to show us purwanas (permits)..certifying they were peaceful.

1957 G. D. Ramsay Eng. Overseas Trade iii. 92 They were prone to accept the firmans of the Great Mogul and the perwannahs of his viceroys as equivalent to the edicts of an occidental ruler.

1991 Mod. Asian Stud. 25 541 In some districts officials gave loyalists purwanas, money grants, and even malguzari rights at the ensuing settlement.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	purwanah
释义	purwanahn. Brit. /pəːˈwɑːnə/, U.S. /pərˈwɑnə/ Forms: 1600s perwan, 1600s pherwanna, 1600s purwauna, 1600s–1700s perwanna, 1600s–1700s purwanna, 1600s–1700s 1900s– parwana, 1700s parwanna, 1700s parwannah, 1700s pervanna, 1700s pervannah, 1700s perwana, 1700s purvanna, 1700s purvannah, 1700s–1800s perwanah, 1700s–1800s purwannah, 1700s– perwannah, 1700s– purwanah, 1800s parwanah, 1800s perwunah, 1900s– parvana, 1900s– purwana. Origin: A borrowing from Urdu. Etymon: Urdu parwāna. Etymology: < Urdu parwāna < Persian parwāna permit, e.g. residence permit, license, formerly also a particular type of royal decree. Now chiefly historical. In South Asia: a letter of authorization; an order, a licence, a pass. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > permission > [noun] > document which permits or authorizes placard1482 warranta1513 placket1571 placate1572 licence1598 permission1607 purwanah1619 permit1649 furlougha1658 legitimation1660 chitty1698 chop1699 cedula1724 ticket of leave1732 chit1757 stiff1892 1619 T. Kerridge Let. ?1 Nov. in W. Foster Eng. Factories in India, 1618–21 (1906) 133 The Governor of Broach..has sent a parwāna ordering the Customer to treat the English properly. 1638 W. Bruton Newes from E.-Indies 21 At our comming he called for our Perwan, (which was our Warrant or Licence). 1682 W. Hedges Diary 10 Oct. (1887) I. 34 If..we did not procure a Pherwanna from the Duan of Decca to excuse us from it [sc. paying a customs duty]. 1702 in J. T. Wheeler Madras (1861) I. 405 Perwannas directed to all Foujdars. 1765 Ann. Reg. 1764 191 The late perwannahs..granting..exemption of all duties..shall be reversed. 1801 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1800 Misc. Tracts 250/2 My servant returned..with the Rajah's acknowledgment of my letter, and a purwannah or pass through his dominions, written in the ancient Hindu character. 1849 E. B. Eastwick Dry Leaves 218 (note) One of these officers..signed a parwánah for a merchant to transport goods through Sindh to Cábul free of toll. 1901 R. Kipling Sahib's War in Traffics & Discov. (1904) 88 The Boer-log came..to show us purwanas (permits)..certifying they were peaceful. 1957 G. D. Ramsay Eng. Overseas Trade iii. 92 They were prone to accept the firmans of the Great Mogul and the perwannahs of his viceroys as equivalent to the edicts of an occidental ruler. 1991 Mod. Asian Stud. 25 541 In some districts officials gave loyalists purwanas, money grants, and even malguzari rights at the ensuing settlement. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1619
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