pungentadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈpʌn(d)ʒ(ə)nt/, U.S.

/ˈpəndʒ(ə)nt/

Forms: 1500s– pungent; Scottish pre-1700 pungion, pre-1700 1700s– pungent.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin pungent-, pungens, pungēns, pungere.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin pungent-, pungens sharp or piquant to the taste or smell, prickly (14th cent. in a British source), use as adjective of classical Latin pungent-, pungēns, present participle of pungere punge v. Compare Spanish pungente (first half of the 15th cent.), Catalan punyent (14th cent.), Italian pungente (beginning of the 13th cent.), Portuguese pungente (13th cent.). Compare earlier poignant adj., pugnant adj.

A. adj.

1. Of pain: as if caused by a sharp point; piercing, stabbing; pricking. Also: painful. In later use figurative (cf. sense A. 5). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [adjective] > smarting or stinging

smartingOE

biting1340

stingingc1400

mordicant?a1425

pungitive?a1425

raw1590

pungent1598

stanging1602

stingyc1615

scorpiaca1670

verberous1688

shrewd1842

snapping1845

stounding1848

mordant1876

smartful1906

the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [adjective] > relating to agony or torment > causing agony or torment

sharpc1000

grievousc1290

smartc1300

fellc1330

unsufferablea1340

keena1375

poignantc1390

rending?c1400

furiousc1405

stoutc1425

unbearablec1449

agonizing1570

tormenting1575

cruciable1578

raging1590

tormentuous1597

pungent1598

racking1598

acute1615

wrenching1618

excruciating1664

grinding1681

excruciate1773

discruciating1788

unendurable1801

of bare sufferance1823

perialgic1893

1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 48/2 The dolour not so pungent and sharp.

1617 T. Middleton & W. Rowley Faire Quarrell sig. G4^v The Vrine bloody, the Excrements purulent, and the Dolour pricking or pungent.

1708 J. Philips Cyder i. 5 With pungent Colic Pangs distress'd he'll roar.

a1855 C. Brontë Professor (1857) II. xxii. 139 My pleasure was now poisoned by pungent pain.

1855 Lancet 10 Nov. 429/2 The pungent pain referred to the glans penis indicates that the bladder is in a highly irritable condition.

1901 Times 12 May 12/5 Margaret Ramsey declared that it gave her pungent pain to hear the amendment.

2. Sharp; piercing; that has sharp points. Now: (a) Botany (esp. of a leaf) ending in a sharp stiff point; (b) Zoology (of a part or organ) having a sharp inflexible point; used for puncturing.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > projection or protuberance > [adjective] > pointed projection

horny1530

styliform1578

styliformed1578

pungent1602

lingual1650

muricate1661

muricated1707

linguiform1753

lingulate1763

triglochin1835

lingular1855

cornual1890

1602 B. Jonson Poetaster ii. i. sig. C2 Beneath it a bloody Toe, betweene three Thornes Pungent .

1606 G. Chapman Gentleman Vsher ii. sig. C4 A Rush which now your heeles doe lie on here..Was whilome vsed for a pungent speare.

1654 W. Charleton Physiologia Epicuro-Gassendo-Charltoniana iii. xv. 346 Is it not because such Foelid [sic] and Offensive Odours consist, for the most part, of such sharp and pungent Particles, as..are no sooner admitted, but they in a manner scratch, wound and dilacerate the Sensory?

1750 tr. Mem. Royal Acad. Surg. Paris I. 75 Cutting or pungent instruments.

1787 W. Withering Brit. Plants (ed. 2) I. 359 Terminating in a very sharp-pointed pungent leaf.

1880 A. Günther Introd. Study of Fishes 563 The pectoral [fin] has a pungent spine.

1894 Amer. Naturalist 28 833 Snakes sometimes partially project this organ, apparently in some instances for defence, as the spines are very pungent.

1961 H. H. Allan Flora N.Z. I. 107 P[odocarpus] hallii... [Leaves] acute to acuminate, rather rigid, coriac[eous], pungent.

2002 Copeia No. 3. 718/1 Dorsal spines flexible, not pungent.

3. Forcefully or incisively expressed; (of argument, opinion, etc.) convincing, persuasive; sharply critical; (of censure) trenchant, biting.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > proof, demonstration > [adjective] > strong, convincing

strongc1405

substantial1419

pregnant?a1475

pregnablea1500

vehement1530

pungent1619

stringent1653

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > vigour or force > [adjective] > mordant

smartc1330

unkeen?a1425

mordant1474

piquant1521

pugnant1537

quick1542

nippingc1547

nippy1575

cutting1582

yarking1593

stinging1600

pointed1617

pungent1619

toothed1628

aculeate1640

mordacious1648

aculeated1655

piperaceous1674

peppery1826

pointy1883

lashing1900

1619 W. Cowper Pathmos vi. 251 The other reason is more pungent.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Wilts. 149 No author..hath so pungent passages against the Pride and Covetousness of the Court of Rome.

1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. xlvi Satire..consisting..chiefly in a sharp and pungent manner of Speech.

1726 D. Defoe Polit. Hist. Devil ii. vii. 285 That which is still more pungent in the Case.

1747 J. Edwards True Saints vi He expressed himself with that exact propriety and pertinency, in such significant, weighty, pungent expressions, with that decent appearance of sincerity.

1761 tr. C. Batteux Course Belles Lettres III. ii. v. 195 This poet is author of two satires universally esteemed the most pungent and best written in our language.

1828 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I I. viii. 266 His conversations and his letters..seem to have been occasionally free and pungent.

1876 L. Stephen Hours in Libr. 2nd Ser. v. 179 A few pungent epigrams.

1876 Atlantic Monthly Aug. 202/2 He forced the unwilling esteem of men by his inflexible probity, his pungent logic, and his untiring industry.

1953 E. Jones Sigmund Freud I. viii. 168 She had a pungent tongue that contributed to a store of family epigrams.

1959 Lincoln (Nebraska) Evening Jrnl. 14 Sept. 4/3 The Labor Party paper, the Daily Herald, has some pungent arguments on the other side.

1994 P. D. James Original Sin xxviii. 184 Kate..sensed that it was wise to keep her counsel, but he suspected that there were one or two pungent comments she would like to have made about Claudia Etienne.

2006 Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch (Nexis) 10 Mar. 8 e He can't help charming us with his anti-authoritarian air and pungent wit.

a. Affecting the sense organs, esp. those of smell or taste, with a sharp, penetrating sensation; acrid, irritant; intensely flavoured, piquant.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fetor > [adjective]

foul-stinkingOE

poignantc1387

rammishc1395

rank1479

reekya1500

puanta1529

unsavoury1539

uglyc1540

contagious1547

noisome1559

fulsome1576

fetid1599

nasty1601

unsweet1605

rammy1607

stenchful1615

stinkardly1616

rancid1627

reeking1629

pungent1644

olidous1646

stenching1654

graveolent1657

maleolent1657

virous1661

olid1680

ranciduous1688

feculent1703

virose1756

stenchy1757

infragrant1813

inodorous1823

nosy1836

malodorous1850

unfragrant1858

smelly1862

cacodorous1863

stinky1888

funked out1893

niffya1903

whiffy1905

pongy1936

fresh1966

minging1970

bogging1973

bowfing1983

honking1985

the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [adjective] > pungent

sharpc1000

hotc1175

poignantc1387

keen1398

angryc1400

eager?c1400

tartc1405

argutec1420

mordicative?a1425

mordificative?a1425

piperinea1425

pungitive?a1425

pikea1475

vehement1490

oversharpa1500

over-stronga1500

penetrating?1576

penetrative1578

quick1578

piercing1593

exalted1594

mordicant1603

acute1620

toothed1628

pungent1644

piquant1645

tartarous1655

mordacious1657

piperate1683

peppery1684

tartish1712

hyperoxide1816

snell1835

mordanta1845

shrill1864

piperitious1890

1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. xv. 135 Greate quantity of fire being mingled with the subtiler partes of his baked earth maketh them very pungent, and acrimonious in tast.

1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. 92 Ground-pine..a small creeping plant..of a pungent sent.

1675 N. Grew Disc. Tastes Plants iii. §11 Cortex Winteranus..is very Pungent upon the Tongue.

1748 W. Shenstone School-mistress xii, in R. Dodsley Coll. Poems (ed. 2) I. 252 Pungent Radish, biting infant's tongue.

1785 M. Cutler in Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 1 441 A very pungent, hot oil is extracted from it, which is said to possess most of the virtues of the wood.

1800 tr. E. J. B. Bouillon-Lagrange Man. Course Chem. I. 103 A white vapour, exceedingly acrid and pungent.

1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. viii. 179 Chlorine and sodium are elements, the former a pungent gas.

1949 P. Bowles Sheltering Sky iii. xxix. 311 The wind blew through the open windows, filling the car with the pungent odor of woodsmoke.

1992 L. Gordon Shared Lives x. 239 We drank pungent coffee in the kitchen at the back of the apartment.

2005 Men's Health (U.K. ed.) June 86/3 These [chillis] are used, often whole, to add a pungent fiery heat to Thai and Asian dishes.

b. Medicine. Esp. of the skin in cases of pneumonia: producing a sensation of prickling. Now rare or disused.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > high or low temperature > [adjective] > high temperature > affected with

hoteOE

pungent1817

hectic1819

hyperthermic1896

1817 J. M. Good Physiol. Syst. Nosol. 134 (note) Heat of the skin sharp and pungent, giving to the finger a peculiar feel for some minutes afterwards.

1894 Lancet 20 Jan. 144/1 Its [sc. the clinical thermometer's] habitual use has caused a corresponding deterioration of the sense of touch, and now we seldom read or hear such terms as the ‘pungent heat’ of pneumonia.

1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 93 The skin [in pneumonia] is dry and pungent.

1936 Lancet 28 Mar. 754/1 The second [sign of pneumonia] is a pungent burning skin, which is immediately felt by the trained hand, and which may exist in the absence of a very high temperature.

5. Strongly or painfully affecting the feelings; intense, keen; painful, poignant. Now rare and literary.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > strong or eager desire > [adjective] > eager (of actions or emotions)

keena1375

greedyc1385

pungenta1710

1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar ii. ix. 110 We feel the transportation of a sensual love towards a Wife or childe, or Friend, actually more pungent and sensible then passions of religion are.

1684 T. Hockin Disc. God's Decrees 325 Intolerably pungent grief and sorrow.

a1710 G. Bull Serm. (1713) i. 374 To gratify a present pungent, languishing Appetite.

1735 W. Somervile Chace iii. 240 Hunger keen, and pungent Thirst of Blood.

1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 216 He had a very pungent Domestick Affliction to encounter with, I mean the Loss of his only Son, the Marquis of Blandford.

1757 C. Arnold Osman ii. iv. 34 Fierce Desire, More pungent than the Scenes of foul Debauchery Could ever raise i'th'most abandon'd Breast.

1850 E. B. Browning Vision of Poets cxxxv Burns, with pungent passionings Set in his eyes.

1917 D. H. Lawrence Compl. Poems (1993) 273 Have done, have done with this shuddering, delicious business..of pungent passion, of rare, death-edged ecstasy.

2006 Times (Nexis) 11 Feb. (Features section) 15 A moment of grace that adds pungent sorrow to the book.

6. Mentally stimulating or exciting; fascinating. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > pleasurable excitement > [adjective] > piquantly exciting

piquant1645

poignanta1657

French1682

flavorous1697

zested1769

zestful1797

pungent1850

spicy1853

zesty1853

juicy1883

nutty1894

sauced1894

colourful1905

zappy1969

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > ability to be perceived by senses > [adjective] > perceived by the senses > intensely or clearly

distincta1535

distinguished1700

vivid1705

pungent1850

1850 F. W. Robertson Serm. 3rd Ser. ix. 118 Every amusement and all literature become more pungent.

1855 E. C. Gaskell North & South II. i. 5 She was pungent, and had taste, and spirit, and flavour in her.

1879 G. Allen Colour-sense xii. 232 Red is the pungent and stimulative colour,..green is the restful and reparative colour.

a1883 J. Begg in W. F. Crafts Sabb. for Man (1894) 182 [Working men] wish for something more pungent than a museum in their malobservance of the Sabbath.

1942 E. Ferber Saratoga Trunk (new ed.) iii. 47 Over all New Orleans there hung the pungent redolence that was the very flavor of the bewitching city.

B. n.

A pungent substance; an irritant; a food with a pungent smell or (esp.) taste.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [noun] > pungency > pungent substance

pungent1822

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. III. 587 External and internal pungents.

1863 H. W. Bates Naturalist on River Amazons I. iv. 141 Capsicum-pepper bushes..and lemon-trees; the one supplying the pungent the other the acid for sauce to..fish.

1881 M. Freligh Homœopathic Pocket Compan. (ed. 10) 10 Avoid..colognes, camphor, hartshorn, aromatic vinegar, smelling salts and the ordinary pungents.

1913 Atlanta (Georgia) Constit. 21 Mar. 9/4 (advt.) New vanity cases,..powder pencils, pungents, mirrors, sachet cases etc., have just been received.

1988 Gourmet Oct. 146/3 Other pungents included peppers..and beautifully contrasting combinations of peppers and cabbage.

2004 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 24 July (Books section) 8 Olivia is despatched to LA to investigate the newest pungents and unguents.

Derivatives

ˈpungently adv. in a pungent manner; with pungency.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fetor > [adverb]

fouleOE

foullyOE

puantlya1529

stinkingly1545

rammishly1567

noisomely1589

stinking1589

rankfully1607

rancidly1637

sulphuriously1638

pungently1658

rankly1661

sulphureously1677

overcomingly1840

loud1871

unfragrantly1883

malodorously1903

the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [adverb] > pungently

hotOE

eagerlyc1390

hotly1565

pungitively1617

pungently1658

zingily1951

zingingly1952

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > vigour or force > [adverb] > mordantly

nippingly1542

cuttingly1611

mordaciously1657

pungently1658

mordantly1836

stingingly1873

1658 J. Durham Comm. Bk. Revelation iii. 216 The more pungently He presseth by His Ordinances, He is said to knock the more.

1770 S. Pye Moral Syst. Moses ix. 68 When he took one of his ribs to form the woman, the loss of her must have been more pungently and lastingly felt, than that of his rib.

1842 S. Lover Handy Andy ii As you very properly and pungently remark, poor Egan is a spoon.

1937 Amer. Home Apr. 119/2 Nasturtiums: Single, or double. Bloom until frost. Pungently fragrant.

1991 Highways & Transportation Aug. (Appointments & Events Suppl.) 89 Vividly and pungently written, Hawksmoor is, to me, a fascinating failure.

ˈpungentness n. rare The quality of being pungent; pungency.

ΚΠ

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II. ii Pungentness, pricking or sharp quality.

2004 Sunday Mail (Malay) (Nexis) 29 Feb. Blended chilli padi and onions meant the pungentness only hits you later.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pungent
释义	pungentadj.n. Brit. /ˈpʌn(d)ʒ(ə)nt/, U.S. /ˈpəndʒ(ə)nt/ Forms: 1500s– pungent; Scottish pre-1700 pungion, pre-1700 1700s– pungent. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin pungent-, pungens, pungēns, pungere. Etymology: < post-classical Latin pungent-, pungens sharp or piquant to the taste or smell, prickly (14th cent. in a British source), use as adjective of classical Latin pungent-, pungēns, present participle of pungere punge v. Compare Spanish pungente (first half of the 15th cent.), Catalan punyent (14th cent.), Italian pungente (beginning of the 13th cent.), Portuguese pungente (13th cent.). Compare earlier poignant adj., pugnant adj. A. adj. 1. Of pain: as if caused by a sharp point; piercing, stabbing; pricking. Also: painful. In later use figurative (cf. sense A. 5). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [adjective] > smarting or stinging smartingOE biting1340 stingingc1400 mordicant?a1425 pungitive?a1425 raw1590 pungent1598 stanging1602 stingyc1615 scorpiaca1670 verberous1688 shrewd1842 snapping1845 stounding1848 mordant1876 smartful1906 the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [adjective] > relating to agony or torment > causing agony or torment sharpc1000 grievousc1290 smartc1300 fellc1330 unsufferablea1340 keena1375 poignantc1390 rending?c1400 furiousc1405 stoutc1425 unbearablec1449 agonizing1570 tormenting1575 cruciable1578 raging1590 tormentuous1597 pungent1598 racking1598 acute1615 wrenching1618 excruciating1664 grinding1681 excruciate1773 discruciating1788 unendurable1801 of bare sufferance1823 perialgic1893 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 48/2 The dolour not so pungent and sharp. 1617 T. Middleton & W. Rowley Faire Quarrell sig. G4^v The Vrine bloody, the Excrements purulent, and the Dolour pricking or pungent. 1708 J. Philips Cyder i. 5 With pungent Colic Pangs distress'd he'll roar. a1855 C. Brontë Professor (1857) II. xxii. 139 My pleasure was now poisoned by pungent pain. 1855 Lancet 10 Nov. 429/2 The pungent pain referred to the glans penis indicates that the bladder is in a highly irritable condition. 1901 Times 12 May 12/5 Margaret Ramsey declared that it gave her pungent pain to hear the amendment. 2. Sharp; piercing; that has sharp points. Now: (a) Botany (esp. of a leaf) ending in a sharp stiff point; (b) Zoology (of a part or organ) having a sharp inflexible point; used for puncturing. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > projection or protuberance > [adjective] > pointed projection horny1530 styliform1578 styliformed1578 pungent1602 lingual1650 muricate1661 muricated1707 linguiform1753 lingulate1763 triglochin1835 lingular1855 cornual1890 1602 B. Jonson Poetaster ii. i. sig. C2 Beneath it a bloody Toe, betweene three Thornes Pungent . View more context for this quotation 1606 G. Chapman Gentleman Vsher ii. sig. C4 A Rush which now your heeles doe lie on here..Was whilome vsed for a pungent speare. 1654 W. Charleton Physiologia Epicuro-Gassendo-Charltoniana iii. xv. 346 Is it not because such Foelid [sic] and Offensive Odours consist, for the most part, of such sharp and pungent Particles, as..are no sooner admitted, but they in a manner scratch, wound and dilacerate the Sensory? 1750 tr. Mem. Royal Acad. Surg. Paris I. 75 Cutting or pungent instruments. 1787 W. Withering Brit. Plants (ed. 2) I. 359 Terminating in a very sharp-pointed pungent leaf. 1880 A. Günther Introd. Study of Fishes 563 The pectoral [fin] has a pungent spine. 1894 Amer. Naturalist 28 833 Snakes sometimes partially project this organ, apparently in some instances for defence, as the spines are very pungent. 1961 H. H. Allan Flora N.Z. I. 107 P[odocarpus] hallii... [Leaves] acute to acuminate, rather rigid, coriac[eous], pungent. 2002 Copeia No. 3. 718/1 Dorsal spines flexible, not pungent. 3. Forcefully or incisively expressed; (of argument, opinion, etc.) convincing, persuasive; sharply critical; (of censure) trenchant, biting. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > proof, demonstration > [adjective] > strong, convincing strongc1405 substantial1419 pregnant?a1475 pregnablea1500 vehement1530 pungent1619 stringent1653 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > vigour or force > [adjective] > mordant smartc1330 unkeen?a1425 mordant1474 piquant1521 pugnant1537 quick1542 nippingc1547 nippy1575 cutting1582 yarking1593 stinging1600 pointed1617 pungent1619 toothed1628 aculeate1640 mordacious1648 aculeated1655 piperaceous1674 peppery1826 pointy1883 lashing1900 1619 W. Cowper Pathmos vi. 251 The other reason is more pungent. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Wilts. 149 No author..hath so pungent passages against the Pride and Covetousness of the Court of Rome. 1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. xlvi Satire..consisting..chiefly in a sharp and pungent manner of Speech. 1726 D. Defoe Polit. Hist. Devil ii. vii. 285 That which is still more pungent in the Case. 1747 J. Edwards True Saints vi He expressed himself with that exact propriety and pertinency, in such significant, weighty, pungent expressions, with that decent appearance of sincerity. 1761 tr. C. Batteux Course Belles Lettres III. ii. v. 195 This poet is author of two satires universally esteemed the most pungent and best written in our language. 1828 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I I. viii. 266 His conversations and his letters..seem to have been occasionally free and pungent. 1876 L. Stephen Hours in Libr. 2nd Ser. v. 179 A few pungent epigrams. 1876 Atlantic Monthly Aug. 202/2 He forced the unwilling esteem of men by his inflexible probity, his pungent logic, and his untiring industry. 1953 E. Jones Sigmund Freud I. viii. 168 She had a pungent tongue that contributed to a store of family epigrams. 1959 Lincoln (Nebraska) Evening Jrnl. 14 Sept. 4/3 The Labor Party paper, the Daily Herald, has some pungent arguments on the other side. 1994 P. D. James Original Sin xxviii. 184 Kate..sensed that it was wise to keep her counsel, but he suspected that there were one or two pungent comments she would like to have made about Claudia Etienne. 2006 Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch (Nexis) 10 Mar. 8 e He can't help charming us with his anti-authoritarian air and pungent wit. 4. a. Affecting the sense organs, esp. those of smell or taste, with a sharp, penetrating sensation; acrid, irritant; intensely flavoured, piquant. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fetor > [adjective] foul-stinkingOE poignantc1387 rammishc1395 rank1479 reekya1500 puanta1529 unsavoury1539 uglyc1540 contagious1547 noisome1559 fulsome1576 fetid1599 nasty1601 unsweet1605 rammy1607 stenchful1615 stinkardly1616 rancid1627 reeking1629 pungent1644 olidous1646 stenching1654 graveolent1657 maleolent1657 virous1661 olid1680 ranciduous1688 feculent1703 virose1756 stenchy1757 infragrant1813 inodorous1823 nosy1836 malodorous1850 unfragrant1858 smelly1862 cacodorous1863 stinky1888 funked out1893 niffya1903 whiffy1905 pongy1936 fresh1966 minging1970 bogging1973 bowfing1983 honking1985 the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [adjective] > pungent sharpc1000 hotc1175 poignantc1387 keen1398 angryc1400 eager?c1400 tartc1405 argutec1420 mordicative?a1425 mordificative?a1425 piperinea1425 pungitive?a1425 pikea1475 vehement1490 oversharpa1500 over-stronga1500 penetrating?1576 penetrative1578 quick1578 piercing1593 exalted1594 mordicant1603 acute1620 toothed1628 pungent1644 piquant1645 tartarous1655 mordacious1657 piperate1683 peppery1684 tartish1712 hyperoxide1816 snell1835 mordanta1845 shrill1864 piperitious1890 1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. xv. 135 Greate quantity of fire being mingled with the subtiler partes of his baked earth maketh them very pungent, and acrimonious in tast. 1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. 92 Ground-pine..a small creeping plant..of a pungent sent. 1675 N. Grew Disc. Tastes Plants iii. §11 Cortex Winteranus..is very Pungent upon the Tongue. 1748 W. Shenstone School-mistress xii, in R. Dodsley Coll. Poems (ed. 2) I. 252 Pungent Radish, biting infant's tongue. 1785 M. Cutler in Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 1 441 A very pungent, hot oil is extracted from it, which is said to possess most of the virtues of the wood. 1800 tr. E. J. B. Bouillon-Lagrange Man. Course Chem. I. 103 A white vapour, exceedingly acrid and pungent. 1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. viii. 179 Chlorine and sodium are elements, the former a pungent gas. 1949 P. Bowles Sheltering Sky iii. xxix. 311 The wind blew through the open windows, filling the car with the pungent odor of woodsmoke. 1992 L. Gordon Shared Lives x. 239 We drank pungent coffee in the kitchen at the back of the apartment. 2005 Men's Health (U.K. ed.) June 86/3 These [chillis] are used, often whole, to add a pungent fiery heat to Thai and Asian dishes. b. Medicine. Esp. of the skin in cases of pneumonia: producing a sensation of prickling. Now rare or disused. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > high or low temperature > [adjective] > high temperature > affected with hoteOE pungent1817 hectic1819 hyperthermic1896 1817 J. M. Good Physiol. Syst. Nosol. 134 (note) Heat of the skin sharp and pungent, giving to the finger a peculiar feel for some minutes afterwards. 1894 Lancet 20 Jan. 144/1 Its [sc. the clinical thermometer's] habitual use has caused a corresponding deterioration of the sense of touch, and now we seldom read or hear such terms as the ‘pungent heat’ of pneumonia. 1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 93 The skin [in pneumonia] is dry and pungent. 1936 Lancet 28 Mar. 754/1 The second [sign of pneumonia] is a pungent burning skin, which is immediately felt by the trained hand, and which may exist in the absence of a very high temperature. 5. Strongly or painfully affecting the feelings; intense, keen; painful, poignant. Now rare and literary. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > strong or eager desire > [adjective] > eager (of actions or emotions) keena1375 greedyc1385 pungenta1710 1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar ii. ix. 110 We feel the transportation of a sensual love towards a Wife or childe, or Friend, actually more pungent and sensible then passions of religion are. 1684 T. Hockin Disc. God's Decrees 325 Intolerably pungent grief and sorrow. a1710 G. Bull Serm. (1713) i. 374 To gratify a present pungent, languishing Appetite. 1735 W. Somervile Chace iii. 240 Hunger keen, and pungent Thirst of Blood. 1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 216 He had a very pungent Domestick Affliction to encounter with, I mean the Loss of his only Son, the Marquis of Blandford. 1757 C. Arnold Osman ii. iv. 34 Fierce Desire, More pungent than the Scenes of foul Debauchery Could ever raise i'th'most abandon'd Breast. 1850 E. B. Browning Vision of Poets cxxxv Burns, with pungent passionings Set in his eyes. 1917 D. H. Lawrence Compl. Poems (1993) 273 Have done, have done with this shuddering, delicious business..of pungent passion, of rare, death-edged ecstasy. 2006 Times (Nexis) 11 Feb. (Features section) 15 A moment of grace that adds pungent sorrow to the book. 6. Mentally stimulating or exciting; fascinating. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > pleasurable excitement > [adjective] > piquantly exciting piquant1645 poignanta1657 French1682 flavorous1697 zested1769 zestful1797 pungent1850 spicy1853 zesty1853 juicy1883 nutty1894 sauced1894 colourful1905 zappy1969 the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > ability to be perceived by senses > [adjective] > perceived by the senses > intensely or clearly distincta1535 distinguished1700 vivid1705 pungent1850 1850 F. W. Robertson Serm. 3rd Ser. ix. 118 Every amusement and all literature become more pungent. 1855 E. C. Gaskell North & South II. i. 5 She was pungent, and had taste, and spirit, and flavour in her. 1879 G. Allen Colour-sense xii. 232 Red is the pungent and stimulative colour,..green is the restful and reparative colour. a1883 J. Begg in W. F. Crafts Sabb. for Man (1894) 182 [Working men] wish for something more pungent than a museum in their malobservance of the Sabbath. 1942 E. Ferber Saratoga Trunk (new ed.) iii. 47 Over all New Orleans there hung the pungent redolence that was the very flavor of the bewitching city. B. n. A pungent substance; an irritant; a food with a pungent smell or (esp.) taste. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [noun] > pungency > pungent substance pungent1822 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. III. 587 External and internal pungents. 1863 H. W. Bates Naturalist on River Amazons I. iv. 141 Capsicum-pepper bushes..and lemon-trees; the one supplying the pungent the other the acid for sauce to..fish. 1881 M. Freligh Homœopathic Pocket Compan. (ed. 10) 10 Avoid..colognes, camphor, hartshorn, aromatic vinegar, smelling salts and the ordinary pungents. 1913 Atlanta (Georgia) Constit. 21 Mar. 9/4 (advt.) New vanity cases,..powder pencils, pungents, mirrors, sachet cases etc., have just been received. 1988 Gourmet Oct. 146/3 Other pungents included peppers..and beautifully contrasting combinations of peppers and cabbage. 2004 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 24 July (Books section) 8 Olivia is despatched to LA to investigate the newest pungents and unguents. Derivatives ˈpungently adv. in a pungent manner; with pungency. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fetor > [adverb] fouleOE foullyOE puantlya1529 stinkingly1545 rammishly1567 noisomely1589 stinking1589 rankfully1607 rancidly1637 sulphuriously1638 pungently1658 rankly1661 sulphureously1677 overcomingly1840 loud1871 unfragrantly1883 malodorously1903 the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [adverb] > pungently hotOE eagerlyc1390 hotly1565 pungitively1617 pungently1658 zingily1951 zingingly1952 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > vigour or force > [adverb] > mordantly nippingly1542 cuttingly1611 mordaciously1657 pungently1658 mordantly1836 stingingly1873 1658 J. Durham Comm. Bk. Revelation iii. 216 The more pungently He presseth by His Ordinances, He is said to knock the more. 1770 S. Pye Moral Syst. Moses ix. 68 When he took one of his ribs to form the woman, the loss of her must have been more pungently and lastingly felt, than that of his rib. 1842 S. Lover Handy Andy ii As you very properly and pungently remark, poor Egan is a spoon. 1937 Amer. Home Apr. 119/2 Nasturtiums: Single, or double. Bloom until frost. Pungently fragrant. 1991 Highways & Transportation Aug. (Appointments & Events Suppl.) 89 Vividly and pungently written, Hawksmoor is, to me, a fascinating failure. ˈpungentness n. rare The quality of being pungent; pungency. ΚΠ 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II. ii Pungentness, pricking or sharp quality. 2004 Sunday Mail (Malay) (Nexis) 29 Feb. Blended chilli padi and onions meant the pungentness only hits you later. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1598
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