punctuatedadj.

Brit.

/ˈpʌŋ(k)tʃʊeɪtᵻd/,

/ˈpʌŋ(k)tjʊeɪtᵻd/, U.S.

/ˈpəŋ(k)(t)ʃəˌweɪdᵻd/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: punctuate v., -ed suffix¹.

Etymology: < punctuate v. + -ed suffix¹.With sense 1 compare French ponctué (of animals) marked with spots (1778 in this sense), and compare slightly earlier punctated adj. 2 and slightly later punctate adj. 1.

1. Chiefly Botany, Zoology, and Medicine = punctate adj. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > appearance of plant > defined by texture > [adjective] > pitted or punctate

maculous?a1425

maculose1727

punctuated1754

punctate1760

punctured1769

punctuate1872

the world > animals > animal body > markings or colourings > [adjective] > dappled or spotted > having minute dots

punctated1752

punctuated1754

punctate1760

irrorate1826

powdered1832

punctiform1839

irrorated1843

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > marks > [adjective] > marked with points or dots

guttated1727

maculose1727

punctated1752

punctate1760

puncticulate1800

punctuated1821

guttate1826

punctiform1839

tripunctate1872

guttiform1874

triguttulate1887

1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. 158/2 at Anona The fruit is a large berry, of an oval figure, covered with a squamose punctuated bark.

?a1808 Universal Syst. Nat. Hist. XII. 486 The Punctuated Viper... This species..is ash-coloured above and yellow underneath, having nine small black points or spots on the belly.

1821 J. Forbes tr. R. T. H. Laennec Treat. Dis. Chest i. ii. i. 146 This punctuated appearance is unquestionably a character of the inflammation.

1887 Jrnl. Hellenic Stud. 8 70 A circular ornament of beaten gold, decorated with five punctuated triangles at the upper edge.

1941 R. T. Cotton Insect Pests Stored Grain & Grain Products i. 36 In the black fungus beetle the surface of the thorax is coarsely and profusely punctuated.

2004 Pathol. Res. & Pract. 200 233/1 Large adrenal calcific deposits are very rarely observed, even if finely punctuated calcifications may be usually detected.

2. Of a text, etc.: provided with punctuation. Also in extended use.

ΚΠ

1841 Penny Cycl. XIX. 128/1 It must not be supposed that those [stops] which are usually inserted even in well punctuated books are sufficient [as a guide to reading].

1896 Jewish Q. Rev. 8 507 Where these words occur only the consonants are given in the text,..whilst the punctuated Qerê is indicated in the notes.

1912 Trans. Illinois State Hist. Soc. 1910 109 What appears to be a punctuated m-rune is used for v as in the initial character of the name Vinland.

1949 A. Bose T. S. Eliot: Symp. 228 Fragmentary imagery, truncated syntax and broken rhythm, presenting a discontinuity on the surface and corresponding to a punctuated movement of thought.

1990 Gramophone May 1982/3 A fiercely reverberant acoustic means that the many bass-drum-and-cymbal-punctuated tuttis coarsen horribly.

2005 Ploughshares (Nexis) 22 Dec. 191 I wanted to return to a punctuated poem, in order to help make the radical shifts in tone a little less disconcerting to the reader.

3. Biology. Designating or relating to a model of evolution as proceeding by isolated outbursts of rapid speciation between long periods of little or no change; evolutionary development of this kind; also in extended use. Originally and chiefly in punctuated equilibrium.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > theories > [noun] > of genetics or evolution

theory of preformation1756

Darwinizing1807

development hypothesis1845

generationism1847

theory of evolution1858

Darwinism1860

Darwinianism1861

monogenesis1864

monogenism1865

monogeny1865

pangenesis1868

evolutionism1869

phylogeny1869

polygenism1871

derivation1874

phylogenesis1875

transformism1878

biogenetic law1879

gastraea theory1879

fortuitism1881

organicism1883

hereditism1884

kinetogenesis1884

Lamarckianism1884

Lamarckism1884

neo-Lamarckianism1884

monogenesy1885

neo-Lamarckism1887

preformationism1890

neo-Darwinism1891

blastogenesis1893

Haeckel-ismus1894

Weismannism1894

preformism1895

Haeckelism1899

mutation theory1902

directivity1903

Mendelianism1903

Mendelism1903

hereditarianism1906

mutationism1912

selectionism1912

hologenesis1931

parsimony1931

Morganism1934

Lysenkoism1948

neutralism1972

punctuated equilibrium1972

saltationism1975

punctuationism1977

punctuationalism1978

adaptationism1980

geneticism1984

adaptationalism1985

1972 N. Eldredge & S. J. Gould in T. J. M. Schopf Models in Paleobiol. 109 We have..named our alternate picture..punctuated equilibria.

1978 Evolutionary Biol. 11 596 (caption) In the actual example of punctuated equilibrium reported on..the change between two species of the same genus..was actually observed.

1984 A. Hoffman in M. K. Hecht et al. Evolutionary Biol. XVIII. i. 4 Many other cases of allegedly punctuated versus phyletic evolution are subject to ongoing debate.

1984 Compar. Politics 16 243 Punctuated equilibrium is an apt description of an analytic stance that sees political institutions enduring over long periods once they are established.

1989 Sci. Amer. June 37/2 We claim that folds are built..in a punctuated fashion by successive earthquakes over hundreds of thousands or millions of years, rather than by slow, steady deformation.

1996 R. Dawkins Climbing Mount Improbable (1997) iii. 95 Depending on your definition, the theory of punctuated equilibrium is either modest and possibly true or it is revolutionary and probably false.

2002 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 23 May 52/2 Punctuated equilibrium posits that these species come into existence relatively rapidly (over tens of thousands of years).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	punctuated
释义	punctuatedadj. Brit. /ˈpʌŋ(k)tʃʊeɪtᵻd/, /ˈpʌŋ(k)tjʊeɪtᵻd/, U.S. /ˈpəŋ(k)(t)ʃəˌweɪdᵻd/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: punctuate v., -ed suffix¹. Etymology: < punctuate v. + -ed suffix¹.With sense 1 compare French ponctué (of animals) marked with spots (1778 in this sense), and compare slightly earlier punctated adj. 2 and slightly later punctate adj. 1. 1. Chiefly Botany, Zoology, and Medicine = punctate adj. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > appearance of plant > defined by texture > [adjective] > pitted or punctate maculous?a1425 maculose1727 punctuated1754 punctate1760 punctured1769 punctuate1872 the world > animals > animal body > markings or colourings > [adjective] > dappled or spotted > having minute dots punctated1752 punctuated1754 punctate1760 irrorate1826 powdered1832 punctiform1839 irrorated1843 the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > marks > [adjective] > marked with points or dots guttated1727 maculose1727 punctated1752 punctate1760 puncticulate1800 punctuated1821 guttate1826 punctiform1839 tripunctate1872 guttiform1874 triguttulate1887 1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. 158/2 at Anona The fruit is a large berry, of an oval figure, covered with a squamose punctuated bark. ?a1808 Universal Syst. Nat. Hist. XII. 486 The Punctuated Viper... This species..is ash-coloured above and yellow underneath, having nine small black points or spots on the belly. 1821 J. Forbes tr. R. T. H. Laennec Treat. Dis. Chest i. ii. i. 146 This punctuated appearance is unquestionably a character of the inflammation. 1887 Jrnl. Hellenic Stud. 8 70 A circular ornament of beaten gold, decorated with five punctuated triangles at the upper edge. 1941 R. T. Cotton Insect Pests Stored Grain & Grain Products i. 36 In the black fungus beetle the surface of the thorax is coarsely and profusely punctuated. 2004 Pathol. Res. & Pract. 200 233/1 Large adrenal calcific deposits are very rarely observed, even if finely punctuated calcifications may be usually detected. 2. Of a text, etc.: provided with punctuation. Also in extended use. ΚΠ 1841 Penny Cycl. XIX. 128/1 It must not be supposed that those [stops] which are usually inserted even in well punctuated books are sufficient [as a guide to reading]. 1896 Jewish Q. Rev. 8 507 Where these words occur only the consonants are given in the text,..whilst the punctuated Qerê is indicated in the notes. 1912 Trans. Illinois State Hist. Soc. 1910 109 What appears to be a punctuated m-rune is used for v as in the initial character of the name Vinland. 1949 A. Bose T. S. Eliot: Symp. 228 Fragmentary imagery, truncated syntax and broken rhythm, presenting a discontinuity on the surface and corresponding to a punctuated movement of thought. 1990 Gramophone May 1982/3 A fiercely reverberant acoustic means that the many bass-drum-and-cymbal-punctuated tuttis coarsen horribly. 2005 Ploughshares (Nexis) 22 Dec. 191 I wanted to return to a punctuated poem, in order to help make the radical shifts in tone a little less disconcerting to the reader. 3. Biology. Designating or relating to a model of evolution as proceeding by isolated outbursts of rapid speciation between long periods of little or no change; evolutionary development of this kind; also in extended use. Originally and chiefly in punctuated equilibrium. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > theories > [noun] > of genetics or evolution theory of preformation1756 Darwinizing1807 development hypothesis1845 generationism1847 theory of evolution1858 Darwinism1860 Darwinianism1861 monogenesis1864 monogenism1865 monogeny1865 pangenesis1868 evolutionism1869 phylogeny1869 polygenism1871 derivation1874 phylogenesis1875 transformism1878 biogenetic law1879 gastraea theory1879 fortuitism1881 organicism1883 hereditism1884 kinetogenesis1884 Lamarckianism1884 Lamarckism1884 neo-Lamarckianism1884 monogenesy1885 neo-Lamarckism1887 preformationism1890 neo-Darwinism1891 blastogenesis1893 Haeckel-ismus1894 Weismannism1894 preformism1895 Haeckelism1899 mutation theory1902 directivity1903 Mendelianism1903 Mendelism1903 hereditarianism1906 mutationism1912 selectionism1912 hologenesis1931 parsimony1931 Morganism1934 Lysenkoism1948 neutralism1972 punctuated equilibrium1972 saltationism1975 punctuationism1977 punctuationalism1978 adaptationism1980 geneticism1984 adaptationalism1985 1972 N. Eldredge & S. J. Gould in T. J. M. Schopf Models in Paleobiol. 109 We have..named our alternate picture..punctuated equilibria. 1978 Evolutionary Biol. 11 596 (caption) In the actual example of punctuated equilibrium reported on..the change between two species of the same genus..was actually observed. 1984 A. Hoffman in M. K. Hecht et al. Evolutionary Biol. XVIII. i. 4 Many other cases of allegedly punctuated versus phyletic evolution are subject to ongoing debate. 1984 Compar. Politics 16 243 Punctuated equilibrium is an apt description of an analytic stance that sees political institutions enduring over long periods once they are established. 1989 Sci. Amer. June 37/2 We claim that folds are built..in a punctuated fashion by successive earthquakes over hundreds of thousands or millions of years, rather than by slow, steady deformation. 1996 R. Dawkins Climbing Mount Improbable (1997) iii. 95 Depending on your definition, the theory of punctuated equilibrium is either modest and possibly true or it is revolutionary and probably false. 2002 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 23 May 52/2 Punctuated equilibrium posits that these species come into existence relatively rapidly (over tens of thousands of years). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1754
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