punctuatev.

Brit.

/ˈpʌŋ(k)tʃʊeɪt/,

/ˈpʌŋ(k)tjʊeɪt/, U.S.

/ˈpəŋ(k)(t)ʃəˌweɪt/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin punctuat-, punctuare.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin punctuat-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of punctuare to mark a break in a liturgical text (c1330, c1337, 1472), to insert punctuation marks in (a1349), to mark with a point (14th cent.), to point masonry (1376), to agree on, decide (c1446; all in British sources) < classical Latin punctus action of pointing (see punctual adj.). Compare French ponctuer to give emphasis to (while reading) (1404 in Middle French as ponctuer ), to mark the pauses in the recitation of a poem (1513 as punctuer ), to insert punctuation in a text (1550 as punctuer ). Compare earlier punctuation n.

†1. transitive. To point out, note. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1634 W. Tirwhyt tr. J. L. G. de Balzac Lett. iv. ix. 331 You haue punctuated vnto me so many remarkeable things, and nouelties thereof [Fr. Vous avez..m'y faictes remarquer tant de nouveautez], in the Letter you pleased to send me.

a. transitive. To insert punctuation marks in (a sentence, text, etc.); to mark or divide with points or stops; (also) to insert diacritical marks in (a script requiring them, esp. Hebrew). Cf. earlier point v.¹ 6a, 6d. Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written character > punctuation > punctuate [verb (transitive)]

pointa1425

interpoint1595

interpuncta1631

prick1637

distinguish1656

punctuate1675

stop1776

interpunctuate1850

1675 H. Neville in tr. N. Machiavelli Wks. 238 Upon application to an Astrologer, he received this answer, Ibis redibis non morieris in bello: which if punctuated thus, Ibis, redibis non, morieris in bello, threatned the said Braccio with the unfortunateness of his Expedition.

1692 J. Dunton Young-students-libr. 301/2 Although we can mark here the radical Letters, and that they can be punctuated after the way of the Hebrews, or that of the Syrians, it doth not at all follow that that is the true Pronunciation of the Words.

1764 Polit. & Lit. Observ. Wks. Mr. Churchill 49 I have taken care to punctuate this passage exactly like the Original.

1791 A. O'Leary Misc. Tracts 277 [He] got rid of the difficulty by punctuating and transposing the words in the following manner:—Surrexit ne? Non. Est hic.

1822 Times 14 Nov. 2/2 Pope's well-known line:—‘Lord Fanny spins a thousand such a day’, was punctuated ‘Lord, Fanny spins a thousand such a day’.

1848 Where to Stop, & Why 3 Some men punctuate according to vague ideas of sense.

1900 Jewish Q. Rev. 12 231 What is the distinction between שלתך and שרית that led the editor to punctuate the former word in the text, while he left the latter without vowels?

1902 T. L. De Vinne Pract. Typogr.: Correct Composition 246 A knowledge of grammar is of great value in enabling a compositor to punctuate properly.

1957 Class. Philol. 52 33/1 I print and punctuate the text as Fraenkel gives it.

2005 Writer's Mag. Sept. 47/1 If you as reader don't notice how words are spelt, or sentences punctuated, or how pages are laid out, it is usually because the housekeeping is good.

b. transitive. figurative. To put a stop to; to interrupt in order to end. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease from (an action or operation) [verb (transitive)] > cause to cease or put a stop to

astintc700

stathea1200

atstuntc1220

to put an end toa1300

to set end ofa1300

batec1300

stanch1338

stinta1350

to put awayc1350

arrestc1374

finisha1375

terminec1390

achievea1393

cease1393

removec1405

terminate?a1425

stop1426

surceasec1435

resta1450

discontinue1474

adetermine1483

blina1500

stay1525

abrogatea1529

suppressa1538

to set in or at stay1538

to make stay of1572

depart1579

check1581

intercept1581

to give a stop toa1586

dirempt1587

date1589

period1595

astayc1600

nip1600

to break off1607

snape1631

sist1635

to make (a) stop of1638

supersede1643

assopiatea1649

periodizea1657

unbusya1657

to put a stop to1679

to give the holla to1681

to run down1697

cessate1701

end1737

to choke off1818

stopper1821

punctuate1825

to put a stopper on1828

to take off ——1845

still1850

to put the lid on1873

on the fritz1900

to close down1903

to put the fritz on something1910

to put the bee on1918

switch1921

to blow the whistle on1934

1825 S. T. Coleridge Let. 6 Dec. (1971) V. 519 Since the receipt of your kind..letter, one interruption after another has punctuated my answer from a semi-colon to a full stop.

a1834 S. T. Coleridge Specimens of Table Talk (1835) II. 202 I am glad you came in to punctuate my discourse, which I fear has gone on for an hour without any stop at all.

1972 Amer. Hist. Rev. 77 179/1 This is no pastice assembled by friends and colleagues, nor a text abruptly punctuated by the author's death.

c. transitive. To interrupt at intervals; to intersperse with. Also: to be dispersed, or occur at intervals, throughout (an area or period).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > interruption > interrupt (speech) [verb (transitive)]

forbreakc1374

interrupta1420

recoupc1450

lardc1550

interturb1554

intercept1581

parenthese1635

punctuate1848

puncture1896

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being scattered or dispersed > scatter [verb (transitive)] > among other things > with things interspersed

intersperse1566

interseam1589

interfuse1593

to strew out1631

chequer1677

punctuate1848

nugget1881

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > continuity or uninterruptedness > discontinuity or interrupted condition > break the continuity of or interrupt [verb (transitive)] > at intervals

punctuate1882

paragraph1909

1848 C. Dickens Dombey & Son 49 Susan..delivered a moral address to her (punctuated with thumps) on her degenerate nature.

1882 Standard 17 Mar. 3/1 That speech was..punctuated throughout with cries of ‘Release the suspects’.

1892 I. Zangwill Big Bow Myst. 111 Mr. Gladstone's speech was an expansion of his postcard, punctuated by cheers.

1914 A. H. F. Strangways Music Hindostan i. 24 Several of the men punctuated the first of the songs with boos and poohs to represent the drum.

1941 Penguin New Writing 2 54 They communicated with each other in a low drone,..punctuated by an occasional deep-throated ‘Ah!’

1971 E. Mavor Ladies of Llangollen ix. 159 Great delicacy had to be employed on both sides of a correspondence which was apt to be punctuated with small wounded silences.

2004 Slightly Foxed Winter 8 A slightly undulating vista of pasture-land,..punctuated here and there by a steeple or windmill.

d. transitive. To give (esp. final) emphasis to; to accentuate.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [verb (transitive)] > attach importance to > render outstanding

aggravate1549

accent1595

to lay weight upon1600

emphase1631

circumflect1643

to lay (also place, put) stress on (also upon)1653

to set home1656

forestall1657

circumflex1661

signalize1698

to lay stress, weight, emphasis on or upon1748

emphasize1793

accentuate1817

stress1845

to rub in1851

to draw out1855

underline1880

punctuate1883

peak1887

underscore1891

to point up1926

1883 Talmage in Christian Globe 829/2 Telling the Custom House officer, ‘There is nothing in that trunk but wearing apparel,’ and putting a 5 dol. gold piece in his hand to punctuate the statement.

1898 National Rev. Dec. 501 To punctuate his perjury he added this remark.

1961 A. Berkman Singers' Gloss. Show Business Jargon 75 The entire band plays a fast glissando up to a heavily accented note to emphasize or punctuate a violent action or thought.

2004 M. A. Crane Fistful of Thorns ii. 11 He punctuated the command by firing another round into the ground in front of them.

3. transitive. To mark with points or dots. Chiefly in passive: (Biology) to be marked with small circular punctures, or depressions resembling punctures; cf. punctuated adj. 1. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > variegation > spot of colour > spot [verb (transitive)] > speckle

powderc1380

besprenga1425

prick1530

sprinkle1551

peckle1570

speckle1570

speck1580

pepper?1605

pounce1610

freckle1613

freck1621

stipplea1774

punctuate1777

dot1784

puncture1848

bespeckle1860

prickle1888

tick1910

1777 W. Anderson Jrnl. 3 Apr. in J. Cook Jrnl. (1967) III. 841 Those boats were most curriously..painted..and exceeded..any thing of that kind I had ever seen..for they seem'd to have taken more pains in doing this than punctuating their own bodys.

1818 R. P. Knight Symbolic Lang. 115 A large white flower; the base and centre of which is..punctuated on the top with little..cavities, in which the seeds grow.

1993 Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc. 112 109 The surface of the body is punctuated by pores that always appear between the ridges.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	punctuate
释义	punctuateadj. Brit. /ˈpʌŋ(k)tʃʊeɪt/, /ˈpʌŋ(k)tjʊeɪt/, U.S. /ˈpəŋ(k)(t)ʃəˌweɪt/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: punctuate v. Etymology: < punctuate v. Compare earlier punctate adj. 1. Chiefly Botany, Zoology, and Medicine. = punctate adj. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > appearance of plant > defined by texture > [adjective] > pitted or punctate maculous?a1425 maculose1727 punctuated1754 punctate1760 punctured1769 punctuate1872 1872 Trans. Amer. Entomol. Soc. 4 147 Head minutely punctuate. 1901 Bot. Gaz. 31 9 Fruit..bright scarlet, punctuate with minute dark spots. 1962 D. G. Cogan in A. Pirie Lens Metabolism 295 Cataracts with hypoparathyroidism..at first show opacities in the cortex that are punctuate and polychromatic. 1986 G. Culverwell tr. P. Arduini & G. Teruzzi Macdonald Encycl. Fossils No. 146 The back is moderately convex, punctuate and not markedly divided. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). punctuatev. Brit. /ˈpʌŋ(k)tʃʊeɪt/, /ˈpʌŋ(k)tjʊeɪt/, U.S. /ˈpəŋ(k)(t)ʃəˌweɪt/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin punctuat-, punctuare. Etymology: < post-classical Latin punctuat-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of punctuare to mark a break in a liturgical text (c1330, c1337, 1472), to insert punctuation marks in (a1349), to mark with a point (14th cent.), to point masonry (1376), to agree on, decide (c1446; all in British sources) < classical Latin punctus action of pointing (see punctual adj.). Compare French ponctuer to give emphasis to (while reading) (1404 in Middle French as ponctuer ), to mark the pauses in the recitation of a poem (1513 as punctuer ), to insert punctuation in a text (1550 as punctuer ). Compare earlier punctuation n. †1. transitive. To point out, note. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1634 W. Tirwhyt tr. J. L. G. de Balzac Lett. iv. ix. 331 You haue punctuated vnto me so many remarkeable things, and nouelties thereof [Fr. Vous avez..m'y faictes remarquer tant de nouveautez], in the Letter you pleased to send me. 2. a. transitive. To insert punctuation marks in (a sentence, text, etc.); to mark or divide with points or stops; (also) to insert diacritical marks in (a script requiring them, esp. Hebrew). Cf. earlier point v.¹ 6a, 6d. Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written character > punctuation > punctuate [verb (transitive)] pointa1425 interpoint1595 interpuncta1631 prick1637 distinguish1656 punctuate1675 stop1776 interpunctuate1850 1675 H. Neville in tr. N. Machiavelli Wks. 238 Upon application to an Astrologer, he received this answer, Ibis redibis non morieris in bello: which if punctuated thus, Ibis, redibis non, morieris in bello, threatned the said Braccio with the unfortunateness of his Expedition. 1692 J. Dunton Young-students-libr. 301/2 Although we can mark here the radical Letters, and that they can be punctuated after the way of the Hebrews, or that of the Syrians, it doth not at all follow that that is the true Pronunciation of the Words. 1764 Polit. & Lit. Observ. Wks. Mr. Churchill 49 I have taken care to punctuate this passage exactly like the Original. 1791 A. O'Leary Misc. Tracts 277 [He] got rid of the difficulty by punctuating and transposing the words in the following manner:—Surrexit ne? Non. Est hic. 1822 Times 14 Nov. 2/2 Pope's well-known line:—‘Lord Fanny spins a thousand such a day’, was punctuated ‘Lord, Fanny spins a thousand such a day’. 1848 Where to Stop, & Why 3 Some men punctuate according to vague ideas of sense. 1900 Jewish Q. Rev. 12 231 What is the distinction between שלתך and שרית that led the editor to punctuate the former word in the text, while he left the latter without vowels? 1902 T. L. De Vinne Pract. Typogr.: Correct Composition 246 A knowledge of grammar is of great value in enabling a compositor to punctuate properly. 1957 Class. Philol. 52 33/1 I print and punctuate the text as Fraenkel gives it. 2005 Writer's Mag. Sept. 47/1 If you as reader don't notice how words are spelt, or sentences punctuated, or how pages are laid out, it is usually because the housekeeping is good. b. transitive. figurative. To put a stop to; to interrupt in order to end. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease from (an action or operation) [verb (transitive)] > cause to cease or put a stop to astintc700 stathea1200 atstuntc1220 to put an end toa1300 to set end ofa1300 batec1300 stanch1338 stinta1350 to put awayc1350 arrestc1374 finisha1375 terminec1390 achievea1393 cease1393 removec1405 terminate?a1425 stop1426 surceasec1435 resta1450 discontinue1474 adetermine1483 blina1500 stay1525 abrogatea1529 suppressa1538 to set in or at stay1538 to make stay of1572 depart1579 check1581 intercept1581 to give a stop toa1586 dirempt1587 date1589 period1595 astayc1600 nip1600 to break off1607 snape1631 sist1635 to make (a) stop of1638 supersede1643 assopiatea1649 periodizea1657 unbusya1657 to put a stop to1679 to give the holla to1681 to run down1697 cessate1701 end1737 to choke off1818 stopper1821 punctuate1825 to put a stopper on1828 to take off ——1845 still1850 to put the lid on1873 on the fritz1900 to close down1903 to put the fritz on something1910 to put the bee on1918 switch1921 to blow the whistle on1934 1825 S. T. Coleridge Let. 6 Dec. (1971) V. 519 Since the receipt of your kind..letter, one interruption after another has punctuated my answer from a semi-colon to a full stop. a1834 S. T. Coleridge Specimens of Table Talk (1835) II. 202 I am glad you came in to punctuate my discourse, which I fear has gone on for an hour without any stop at all. 1972 Amer. Hist. Rev. 77 179/1 This is no pastice assembled by friends and colleagues, nor a text abruptly punctuated by the author's death. c. transitive. To interrupt at intervals; to intersperse with. Also: to be dispersed, or occur at intervals, throughout (an area or period). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > interruption > interrupt (speech) [verb (transitive)] forbreakc1374 interrupta1420 recoupc1450 lardc1550 interturb1554 intercept1581 parenthese1635 punctuate1848 puncture1896 the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being scattered or dispersed > scatter [verb (transitive)] > among other things > with things interspersed intersperse1566 interseam1589 interfuse1593 to strew out1631 chequer1677 punctuate1848 nugget1881 the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > continuity or uninterruptedness > discontinuity or interrupted condition > break the continuity of or interrupt [verb (transitive)] > at intervals punctuate1882 paragraph1909 1848 C. Dickens Dombey & Son 49 Susan..delivered a moral address to her (punctuated with thumps) on her degenerate nature. 1882 Standard 17 Mar. 3/1 That speech was..punctuated throughout with cries of ‘Release the suspects’. 1892 I. Zangwill Big Bow Myst. 111 Mr. Gladstone's speech was an expansion of his postcard, punctuated by cheers. 1914 A. H. F. Strangways Music Hindostan i. 24 Several of the men punctuated the first of the songs with boos and poohs to represent the drum. 1941 Penguin New Writing 2 54 They communicated with each other in a low drone,..punctuated by an occasional deep-throated ‘Ah!’ 1971 E. Mavor Ladies of Llangollen ix. 159 Great delicacy had to be employed on both sides of a correspondence which was apt to be punctuated with small wounded silences. 2004 Slightly Foxed Winter 8 A slightly undulating vista of pasture-land,..punctuated here and there by a steeple or windmill. d. transitive. To give (esp. final) emphasis to; to accentuate. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [verb (transitive)] > attach importance to > render outstanding aggravate1549 accent1595 to lay weight upon1600 emphase1631 circumflect1643 to lay (also place, put) stress on (also upon)1653 to set home1656 forestall1657 circumflex1661 signalize1698 to lay stress, weight, emphasis on or upon1748 emphasize1793 accentuate1817 stress1845 to rub in1851 to draw out1855 underline1880 punctuate1883 peak1887 underscore1891 to point up1926 1883 Talmage in Christian Globe 829/2 Telling the Custom House officer, ‘There is nothing in that trunk but wearing apparel,’ and putting a 5 dol. gold piece in his hand to punctuate the statement. 1898 National Rev. Dec. 501 To punctuate his perjury he added this remark. 1961 A. Berkman Singers' Gloss. Show Business Jargon 75 The entire band plays a fast glissando up to a heavily accented note to emphasize or punctuate a violent action or thought. 2004 M. A. Crane Fistful of Thorns ii. 11 He punctuated the command by firing another round into the ground in front of them. 3. transitive. To mark with points or dots. Chiefly in passive: (Biology) to be marked with small circular punctures, or depressions resembling punctures; cf. punctuated adj. 1. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > variegation > spot of colour > spot [verb (transitive)] > speckle powderc1380 besprenga1425 prick1530 sprinkle1551 peckle1570 speckle1570 speck1580 pepper?1605 pounce1610 freckle1613 freck1621 stipplea1774 punctuate1777 dot1784 puncture1848 bespeckle1860 prickle1888 tick1910 1777 W. Anderson Jrnl. 3 Apr. in J. Cook Jrnl. (1967) III. 841 Those boats were most curriously..painted..and exceeded..any thing of that kind I had ever seen..for they seem'd to have taken more pains in doing this than punctuating their own bodys. 1818 R. P. Knight Symbolic Lang. 115 A large white flower; the base and centre of which is..punctuated on the top with little..cavities, in which the seeds grow. 1993 Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc. 112 109 The surface of the body is punctuated by pores that always appear between the ridges. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1872v.1634
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punctuateadj.

punctuatev.