Adam's applen.

Brit.

/ˌadəmz ˈapl/, U.S.

/ˌædəmz ˈæp(ə)l/,

/ˈædəmz ˌæp(ə)l/

Forms:

α. late Middle English Adam appel, 1500s (1900s U.S. regional) Adam apple.

β. 1500s–1600s Adams apple, 1600s– Adam's apple.

Origin: From proper names, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Adam , apple n.

Etymology: In α. forms < the name of Adam (see Adam n.¹) + apple n. In β. forms < the genitive of the name of Adam + apple n. With allusion to the biblical story of the Fall in Genesis 3:6 (where the fruit is not specified: see the note at apple n. 3). Compare post-classical Latin pomum Adami (1537 or earlier in sense 1; 1590 or earlier in sense 3).In sense 1 said to be so called on account of the depressions on the skin of the fruit, which were thought to resemble indentations made by teeth (compare quot. ?a1425; the tradition is found from 1623 or earlier with regard to post-classical Latin pomum Adami ). In sense 2 probably with allusion to the banana or plantain as a fruit growing in untouched parts of the natural world taken to resemble the biblical paradise; compare similarly apple of paradise n. (b) at apple n. Phrases 3d, adam's fig n. 1. On use in sense 3 see the explanation in quot. 1625, and compare earlier Adam's morsel n. It has sometimes been suggested that this sense is a calque on an alleged Hebrew phrase *tappūăḥ ha-'āḏām , variously claimed to mean ‘lump of the man’ or ‘swelling of the man’ ( < tappūăḥ apple + ha- the + 'āḏām human being: see Adam n.¹), which was later associated folk-etymologically with the biblical story of Adam and the Fall. However, there is no evidence to support this suggestion. Hebrew tappūăḥ does not have a sense ‘lump’, ‘swelling’, or ‘cartilage’ in any of the periods of the language (an extended sense ‘pile, heap’ is attested for it in the post-biblical period, but this does not explain the supposed anatomical sense). The suggestion may have arisen by a misapprehension of tippūăḥ ‘swelling’ ( < tippēḥ to swell), which is only attested in modern Hebrew (and hence chronologically not viable as a model), as the word for ‘apple’ (the two words being identical in unpointed Hebrew texts). A further argument against the suggestion is that any underlying Hebrew phrase would be expected to contain the word for ‘male person’ rather than for ‘human being’ in general (since the protuberance is more prominent in males), but the Hebrew word for ‘male person’ is 'īš, not 'āḏām.

1. Any of several kinds of citrus fruits, esp. the pomelo or shaddock, Citrus maxima, and a variety of sweet lime, Citrus limetta.Recent evidence has suggested the fruit originally given this name may have been the result of an ancient hybridization between the citron, pomelo, and lemon.Cf. apple of Adam n. at apple n. Phrases 3a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > citrus fruit

Adam's apple?a1425

citronc1450

apple of Adam1615

forbidden fruita1818

kaffir lime1824

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > citrus fruit > [noun] > lime > types of

Adam's apple1835

?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 26 (MED) Þare er also oþer appels þat er called Adam appels; and ilke ane of þam hase in þe ta syde a merk of teeth, riȝt as þai ware biten with mannes teethe.

1574 T. Newton tr. G. Gratarolo Direct. Health Magistrates & Studentes sig. P.iv^v As for Pome Citrons, Limons, Orenges, and Adam Apples, sith they rather serue for medicine then for meate, I will here say nothing.

1588 T. Hickock tr. C. Federici Voy. & Trauaile f. 18 There came two of theyr barckes neere vnto our shippe laden with fruite..which we call Adams apples.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. v. 207 The best Carobiers, Adams Apples, and Grenadiers that grow on the earth is here [i.e. at Damascus].

1683 G. V. N. tr. J. Commelin Belgick xv. 47 The Tree which produces the ordinary Adam's Apple, hath his Boughs armed with many long and strong Prickles.

1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique Adam's Apple..a Fruit but little different from Lemons.

1773 W. Hanbury Compl. Body Planting & Gardening II. 380/1 In our gardens the principal kinds [of lemon] at present are,..The Pear-shaped Lemon. The Lemon called Adam's Apple. The Furrowed Lemon. [Etc.]

1835 G. T. Burnett Outl. Bot. II. 879 Citrus Limetta is the lime, of which there are 7 or 8 varieties, such as..the rose limes, with the Adam's apple, and the Lumy; they are all agreeable fruits.

1837 Sat. Mag. 22 July 32 The Shaddock..receives various names according to the whim of the dealers; it is called Adam's Apple, the Forbidden Fruit, and Pomeroy.

1899 Gardening Illustr. 7 Oct. 413/3 (heading) The forbidden fruit, Adam's apple, or lemon bergamotte.

1973 C. A. Wilson Food & Drink in Brit. ix. 332 The first Englishmen to enjoy oranges, lemons and ‘Adam's apples’ or shaddocks, were probably the crusaders who wintered with Richard Coeur-de-Lion in the fruit groves around Jaffa in 1191–2.

2008 M. Page Growing Citrus viii. 134 ‘Adam's Apple’ has been cultivated in Europe for several hundred years, but has no commercial use and is rarely seen now.

2. A banana or plantain. Cf. apple of paradise n. at apple n. Phrases 3d. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > tropical exotic fruit > banana > types of

apple of paradise1572

plantain1582

Adam's apple1588

plantain1756

ensete1790

fei1829

Abyssinian banana1859

honey banana1877

scarlet banana1885

Canary banana1889

lady's finger banana1893

Gros Michel1913

honey1938

1588 T. Hickock tr. C. Federici Voy. & Trauaile f. 18 Laden with fruite, as with Mouces [It. muse] which we call Adams apples. [margin] The Mowsies is a kind of fruite growing in clusters and are 5 or 6 inches long a peece.

1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) iii. cxxxvi. 1514 Of Adams Apple-tree, or the West-Indian Plantaine.

1759 J. Hill Veg. Syst. I. 8 Paradisaic Adam's Apple... Musa Para... The Sage's Adam's apple... Musa Sapi.

1818 W. Marsden tr. M. Polo Trav. iii. xxii. 663 They make no use of spoons nor of platters, but spread their victuals upon the dried leaves of the Adam's apple, called likewise apples of paradise.

1894 Everyday Housek. June–July 168/2 The plantain fruit is also called Adam's apple, from the fancy that this was the forbidden fruit of the garden of Eden.

1920 O. A. Wall Sex & Sex Worship 543 Old authors called the fruit of Musa paradisiaca, a variety of plantain or banana, ‘Adam's apple’.

3. The protuberance, larger in men than in women, which is formed in the front of the neck by the thyroid cartilage of the larynx. Cf. earlier Adam's morsel n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > neck > [noun] > front of neck > Adam's apple

Adam's morsel1594

Adam's apple1625

apple1895

the world > life > the body > speech organs > types of speech organ > [noun] > throat > larynx

throat-bolleOE

larynx1578

throttle1615

Adam's apple1625

voice box1835

apple1895

1625 E. Terry Relation Voy. Easterne India in S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. ix. vi. 1478 They call a man Adam, from our first father Adam, whose wife tempted with the forbidden fruit,..but as her husband swallowed it, the Hand of God stopped it in his throat, whence a Man hath a Bunch there, which women haue not, called by them Adams apple.

1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) ii. xi. 123/2 That same bunch which is seen on the foreside of the Neck is called Adams Apple.

1684 tr. S. Blankaart Physical Dict. 172 The protuberance in the Neck called Adam's Apple.

1711 Bibliotheca Anatomica I. iii. 194/1 The First Cartilage, call'd Thyroides... In Males, of a dry and lean Disposition it is conspicuous on the Outside, being that which is commonly calld the Adam's-Apple.

1795 Const. Humane Soc. N.Y. 14 At the same time press back the lower part of the wind-pipe, where it is largest, or that part sometimes called Adam's apple.

1865 Daily Tel. 20 July Having the noose adjusted and secured by tightening above his ‘Adam's apple’.

1910 H. S. Johnson Williams on Service xx. 225 If you don't stop this Gallahading chivalry of yours..you are going to get it right where the Adam's apple joins the epihickus.

1943 W. C. Hendricks Bundle of Troubles 106 He got a big Adam apple in his guzzle what bob up and down when he talk.

1960 N. Coward Diary 21 July (2000) 443 Hordes of gormless American sailors with vast Adam's apples and rimless glasses.

2006 M. Crichton Next xciv. 410 All these superficial muscles, most of which attach to the hyoid—that is to say, the Adam's apple.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	adams apple
释义	Adam's applen. Brit. /ˌadəmz ˈapl/, U.S. /ˌædəmz ˈæp(ə)l/, /ˈædəmz ˌæp(ə)l/ Forms: α. late Middle English Adam appel, 1500s (1900s U.S. regional) Adam apple. β. 1500s–1600s Adams apple, 1600s– Adam's apple. Origin: From proper names, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Adam , apple n. Etymology: In α. forms < the name of Adam (see Adam n.¹) + apple n. In β. forms < the genitive of the name of Adam + apple n. With allusion to the biblical story of the Fall in Genesis 3:6 (where the fruit is not specified: see the note at apple n. 3). Compare post-classical Latin pomum Adami (1537 or earlier in sense 1; 1590 or earlier in sense 3).In sense 1 said to be so called on account of the depressions on the skin of the fruit, which were thought to resemble indentations made by teeth (compare quot. ?a1425; the tradition is found from 1623 or earlier with regard to post-classical Latin pomum Adami ). In sense 2 probably with allusion to the banana or plantain as a fruit growing in untouched parts of the natural world taken to resemble the biblical paradise; compare similarly apple of paradise n. (b) at apple n. Phrases 3d, adam's fig n. 1. On use in sense 3 see the explanation in quot. 1625, and compare earlier Adam's morsel n. It has sometimes been suggested that this sense is a calque on an alleged Hebrew phrase tappūăḥ ha-'āḏām , variously claimed to mean ‘lump of the man’ or ‘swelling of the man’ ( < tappūăḥ* apple + ha- the + 'āḏām human being: see Adam n.¹), which was later associated folk-etymologically with the biblical story of Adam and the Fall. However, there is no evidence to support this suggestion. Hebrew tappūăḥ does not have a sense ‘lump’, ‘swelling’, or ‘cartilage’ in any of the periods of the language (an extended sense ‘pile, heap’ is attested for it in the post-biblical period, but this does not explain the supposed anatomical sense). The suggestion may have arisen by a misapprehension of tippūăḥ ‘swelling’ ( < tippēḥ to swell), which is only attested in modern Hebrew (and hence chronologically not viable as a model), as the word for ‘apple’ (the two words being identical in unpointed Hebrew texts). A further argument against the suggestion is that any underlying Hebrew phrase would be expected to contain the word for ‘male person’ rather than for ‘human being’ in general (since the protuberance is more prominent in males), but the Hebrew word for ‘male person’ is 'īš, not 'āḏām. 1. Any of several kinds of citrus fruits, esp. the pomelo or shaddock, Citrus maxima, and a variety of sweet lime, Citrus limetta.Recent evidence has suggested the fruit originally given this name may have been the result of an ancient hybridization between the citron, pomelo, and lemon.Cf. apple of Adam n. at apple n. Phrases 3a. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > citrus fruit Adam's apple?a1425 citronc1450 apple of Adam1615 forbidden fruita1818 kaffir lime1824 the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > citrus fruit > [noun] > lime > types of Adam's apple1835 ?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 26 (MED) Þare er also oþer appels þat er called Adam appels; and ilke ane of þam hase in þe ta syde a merk of teeth, riȝt as þai ware biten with mannes teethe. 1574 T. Newton tr. G. Gratarolo Direct. Health Magistrates & Studentes sig. P.iv^v As for Pome Citrons, Limons, Orenges, and Adam Apples, sith they rather serue for medicine then for meate, I will here say nothing. 1588 T. Hickock tr. C. Federici Voy. & Trauaile f. 18 There came two of theyr barckes neere vnto our shippe laden with fruite..which we call Adams apples. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. v. 207 The best Carobiers, Adams Apples, and Grenadiers that grow on the earth is here [i.e. at Damascus]. 1683 G. V. N. tr. J. Commelin Belgick xv. 47 The Tree which produces the ordinary Adam's Apple, hath his Boughs armed with many long and strong Prickles. 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique Adam's Apple..a Fruit but little different from Lemons. 1773 W. Hanbury Compl. Body Planting & Gardening II. 380/1 In our gardens the principal kinds [of lemon] at present are,..The Pear-shaped Lemon. The Lemon called Adam's Apple. The Furrowed Lemon. [Etc.] 1835 G. T. Burnett Outl. Bot. II. 879 Citrus Limetta is the lime, of which there are 7 or 8 varieties, such as..the rose limes, with the Adam's apple, and the Lumy; they are all agreeable fruits. 1837 Sat. Mag. 22 July 32 The Shaddock..receives various names according to the whim of the dealers; it is called Adam's Apple, the Forbidden Fruit, and Pomeroy. 1899 Gardening Illustr. 7 Oct. 413/3 (heading) The forbidden fruit, Adam's apple, or lemon bergamotte. 1973 C. A. Wilson Food & Drink in Brit. ix. 332 The first Englishmen to enjoy oranges, lemons and ‘Adam's apples’ or shaddocks, were probably the crusaders who wintered with Richard Coeur-de-Lion in the fruit groves around Jaffa in 1191–2. 2008 M. Page Growing Citrus viii. 134 ‘Adam's Apple’ has been cultivated in Europe for several hundred years, but has no commercial use and is rarely seen now. 2. A banana or plantain. Cf. apple of paradise n. at apple n. Phrases 3d. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > tropical exotic fruit > banana > types of apple of paradise1572 plantain1582 Adam's apple1588 plantain1756 ensete1790 fei1829 Abyssinian banana1859 honey banana1877 scarlet banana1885 Canary banana1889 lady's finger banana1893 Gros Michel1913 honey1938 1588 T. Hickock tr. C. Federici Voy. & Trauaile f. 18 Laden with fruite, as with Mouces [It. muse] which we call Adams apples. [margin] The Mowsies is a kind of fruite growing in clusters and are 5 or 6 inches long a peece. 1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) iii. cxxxvi. 1514 Of Adams Apple-tree, or the West-Indian Plantaine. 1759 J. Hill Veg. Syst. I. 8 Paradisaic Adam's Apple... Musa Para... The Sage's Adam's apple... Musa Sapi. 1818 W. Marsden tr. M. Polo Trav. iii. xxii. 663 They make no use of spoons nor of platters, but spread their victuals upon the dried leaves of the Adam's apple, called likewise apples of paradise. 1894 Everyday Housek. June–July 168/2 The plantain fruit is also called Adam's apple, from the fancy that this was the forbidden fruit of the garden of Eden. 1920 O. A. Wall Sex & Sex Worship 543 Old authors called the fruit of Musa paradisiaca, a variety of plantain or banana, ‘Adam's apple’. 3. The protuberance, larger in men than in women, which is formed in the front of the neck by the thyroid cartilage of the larynx. Cf. earlier Adam's morsel n. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > neck > [noun] > front of neck > Adam's apple Adam's morsel1594 Adam's apple1625 apple1895 the world > life > the body > speech organs > types of speech organ > [noun] > throat > larynx throat-bolleOE larynx1578 throttle1615 Adam's apple1625 voice box1835 apple1895 1625 E. Terry Relation Voy. Easterne India in S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. ix. vi. 1478 They call a man Adam, from our first father Adam, whose wife tempted with the forbidden fruit,..but as her husband swallowed it, the Hand of God stopped it in his throat, whence a Man hath a Bunch there, which women haue not, called by them Adams apple. 1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) ii. xi. 123/2 That same bunch which is seen on the foreside of the Neck is called Adams Apple. 1684 tr. S. Blankaart Physical Dict. 172 The protuberance in the Neck called Adam's Apple. 1711 Bibliotheca Anatomica I. iii. 194/1 The First Cartilage, call'd Thyroides... In Males, of a dry and lean Disposition it is conspicuous on the Outside, being that which is commonly calld the Adam's-Apple. 1795 Const. Humane Soc. N.Y. 14 At the same time press back the lower part of the wind-pipe, where it is largest, or that part sometimes called Adam's apple. 1865 Daily Tel. 20 July Having the noose adjusted and secured by tightening above his ‘Adam's apple’. 1910 H. S. Johnson Williams on Service xx. 225 If you don't stop this Gallahading chivalry of yours..you are going to get it right where the Adam's apple joins the epihickus. 1943 W. C. Hendricks Bundle of Troubles 106 He got a big Adam apple in his guzzle what bob up and down when he talk. 1960 N. Coward Diary 21 July (2000) 443 Hordes of gormless American sailors with vast Adam's apples and rimless glasses. 2006 M. Crichton Next xciv. 410 All these superficial muscles, most of which attach to the hyoid—that is to say, the Adam's apple. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1425
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