单词 | pulverize |
释义 | pulverizev. 1. a. transitive. To reduce to powder or dust; to grind, crush, break down.In quot. 1691 used intransitively in the progressive with passive meaning. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > granular texture > form into grains or granules [verb (transitive)] > make into powder or dust powdera1400 pulverize?a1425 pulverc1425 dustc1440 pulverizate1598 rub1607 pulverate1615 triturate1755 triture1773 powderize1903 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 64v Be þai [sc. the ingredients] puluerized [?c1425 Paris Powdre ham; L. puluerizentur] & incorporate with albumie oui. c1425 tr. J. Arderne Treat. Fistula (Sloane 6) (1910) 85 (MED) Þe iuyse schal be pressed out and sette to þe son for to dry vnto þat it may be puluerized. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xxii. 60 b. A drugge..which being puluerised and tempered in water, they rubbe vppon..the bodye. 1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 93 The zealous Prophet, with iust furie moov'd..pulveriz'd their Idol. 1670 A. Martindale Let. 26 Nov. in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1970) VII. 290 That parcell of naturall salt..was as hard as allome and as pure, and when pulverized it became an excellent fine and sharpe salt. 1691 R. Boyle Exper. & Observ. Physicæ 22 I was so careful to keep the Stone from touching Iron, when it was pulverising, least [sic] by the Hardnes of it, and the Sharpnes of its Angles, it should grate off some part of the Metal. 1703 M. Martin Descr. W. Islands Scotl. 38 The Natives pulverize it, and take a Dose of it in boiled Milk. 1765 R. Jones New Treat. Artific. Fireworks i. 3 How to pulverise Saltpetre. ?1790 J. Imison Curious & Misc. Articles (new ed.) 69 in School of Arts (ed. 2) Let it dry, and then pulverize it. 1831 J. Sinclair Corr. II. 157 The scarrifier or grubber, for pulverizing the soil. 1883 H. J. Powell Princ. Glass-making 146 The ‘salt-cake’..or sulphate of soda, is likewise pulverized and afterwards sifted. 1923 R. Glazebrook Dict. Appl. Physics IV. 22/2 The crystal is pulverised and the powder compressed into a rod, placed in the axis of a cylindrical photographic film and subjected to ‘monochromatic’ X-rays. 1942 National Geographic Mag. June 713 (caption) For sago, a basic food in Melanesia, natives cut down the sago palm, hack away the outer bark, and pulverize the pith. 1992 New Scientist 1 Aug. 11/1 The GlassBlaster..pulverises all kinds of bottles together with their caps, labels and even stale beer to produce a mixture of granules ranging from several millimetres across to smooth, harmless sand. 2005 enRoute (Air Canada) Nov. 115/1 Barman Henry LaFargue is..pulverizing blocks of fresh ginger and pineapple with a heavy muddler. b. transitive. To divide (a liquid) into minute particles; to turn into spray. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of spraying > spray [verb (transitive)] > reduce to spray or mist pulverize1807 atomize1865 nebulize1867 1807 J. Barlow Columbiad vi. 219 Stroke after stroke with doubling force he plied, Foil'd the hoar Fiend and pulverized the tide. 1877 Manufacturer & Builder Feb. 40/1 A jet of steam is directed upon a fine stream of melted iron, and blows it into spray, just as in the common atomizer a jet of air pulverizes, so to speak, the stream of liquid upon which it is turned. 1900 Times 3 Oct. 12/6 The oil..is pulverized or reduced to spray by means of a steam jet at the furnace door. 1999 Chicago Sun-Times (Nexis) 21 June 4 n The pumps boost pressures as high as 1,350 pounds per square inch to pulverize fuel into smaller, more readily combustible bits. 2. transitive figurative. a. transitive. To demolish, destroy, defeat; to break down utterly. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > bring to ruin or put an end to undoc950 shendOE forfarea1000 endc1000 to do awayOE aquenchc1175 slayc1175 slayc1175 stathea1200 tinea1300 to-spilla1300 batec1300 bleschea1325 honisha1325 leesea1325 wastec1325 stanch1338 corrumpa1340 destroy1340 to put awayc1350 dissolvec1374 supplanta1382 to-shend1382 aneantizec1384 avoidc1384 to put outa1398 beshenda1400 swelta1400 amortizec1405 distract1413 consumec1425 shelfc1425 abroge1427 downthringc1430 kill1435 poisonc1450 defeat1474 perish1509 to blow away1523 abrogatea1529 to prick (also turn, pitch) over the perka1529 dash?1529 to bring (also send) to (the) pot1531 put in the pot1531 wipea1538 extermine1539 fatec1540 peppera1550 disappoint1563 to put (also set) beside the saddle1563 to cut the throat of1565 to throw (also turn, etc.) over the perch1568 to make a hand of (also on, with)1569 demolish1570 to break the neck of1576 to make shipwreck of1577 spoil1578 to knock on (in) the head (also rarely at head)1579 cipher1589 ruinate1590 to cut off by the shins1592 shipwreck1599 exterminate1605 finish1611 damnify1612 ravel1614 braina1616 stagger1629 unrivet1630 consummate1634 pulverizea1640 baffle1649 devil1652 to blow up1660 feague1668 shatter1683 cook1708 to die away1748 to prove fatal (to)1759 to knock up1764 to knock (or kick) the hindsight out or off1834 to put the kibosh on1834 to cook (rarely do) one's goose1835 kibosh1841 to chaw up1843 cooper1851 to jack up1870 scuttle1888 to bugger up1891 jigger1895 torpedo1895 on the fritz1900 to put paid to1901 rot1908 down and out1916 scuppera1918 to put the skids under1918 stonker1919 liquidate1924 to screw up1933 cruel1934 to dig the grave of1934 pox1935 blow1936 to hit for six1937 to piss up1937 to dust off1938 zap1976 a1640 P. Massinger Beleeue as you List (1976) i. ii. 148 You shall..feele reallie that wee haue iron hammers to pulverize rebellion. 1684 R. Baxter Acct. Twelve Arguments Postscr., in Catholick Communion Defended Between both which Truth and Peace is broken, and the Church pulverized. 1792 M. Deverell Mary, Queen of Scots iv. vi. 84 Mean while I'll pulverize this Scotch puissant dame, And whirl a vortex of destruction round her! 1864 J. H. Newman Apologia (1865) iii. 117 The theory of the Via Media was absolutely pulverized. 1895 Col. Maurice in United Service Mag. July 428 The four battalions..were..pulverised and driven helter-skelter partly among the defendants. 1927 S. Ertz Now East, now West xvii. 272 If you have anything more to say..I have arguments that will simply pulverize you. 1990 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 26 Nov. 27/5 Sherwoodstock sceptics—those who said a show giving its profits to charity would not produce quality—had their preconceptions pulverised. 2004 S. Olson Children of God go Bowling xvii. 154 ‘I keep hoping he might kiss me, but he hasn't.’ ‘Usually you want to pulverize someone when he tries to kiss you.’ b. transitive. To dissipate in minute portions. rare. ΚΠ 1834 W. Hamilton in Edinb. Rev. Apr. 219 The responsibility was so pulverized among a passing multitude of nameless individuals. 2000 Gazeta Mercantil Online (Brazil) (Nexis) 31 July President Fernando Henrique Cardoso has already decided that the state-owned company will have its stock pulverized among the public. 3. intransitive. To crumble, turn to dust; to become disintegrated. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > granular texture > become granular or form grains [verb (intransitive)] > become powder or dust powder1526 pulverize1758 1758 L. Carter Diary 10 May (1965) I. 225 Moist black meadow grounds..will pulverize fine. 1801 Farmer's Mag. Apr. 147 If they are ploughed in November or December, the rains, snow, and frost, make them pulverize easily. 1860 R. W. Emerson Worship in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 179 The stern old faiths have all pulverized. 1866 P. H. Lawrence tr. B. von Cotta Rocks Classified ii. iii. 275 Sometimes these varieties [of dolomite] pulverise to a crystalline sand. 1927 A. C. Parker Indian How Bk. i. ii. 17 Hard wood will grow hot with friction but its fibers do not pulverize in sufficient quantities to provide substance for the necessary spark. 1999 Christian Sci. Monitor (Nexis) 29 Apr. 1 DU [= depleted uranium] burns and pulverizes into dust that can soar in the heat column of a flaming tank and waft for miles on the desert wind. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Pulverize... To roll or wallow in the dust; take a sand- or dust-bath, as a hen or partridge. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.?a1425 |
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