pulleyn.¹

Brit.

/ˈpʊli/, U.S.

/ˈpʊli/

Inflections: Plural pulleys, pullies.

Forms:

α. Middle English palyue, Middle English poliue, Middle English polyue, Middle English puleyve, late Middle English polesis (plural, transmission error), late Middle English polhif, late Middle English polif, late Middle English polive, late Middle English polyff, late Middle English polyve. 1357 in Pipe Roll 32 Edward III m. 34/2 j wynding-rope, j ȝerderope, ij trusspoliues. ▸ c1395 G. Chaucer Squire's Tale 184 Ther may no man out of the place it dryue For noon engyn of wyndas or polyue [v.r. palyue].1427–8 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 68 For makyng of iiij polesis [read: polefis] of bras & iron werk and lede þat serued for þe vayl: v s. viij d.1465 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 201 Item [paid], for iij grete polyves, ij s.c1500 Debate Carpenter's Tools in Rev. Eng. Stud. (1987) 38 459 Than bespake þe polyff With gret strong wordys and styffe.

β. Middle English poley, late Middle English pole, late Middle English poleies (plural), late Middle English poleye, late Middle English polhie, late Middle English polhille (probably transmission error), late Middle English polye, late Middle English polyss (plural), late Middle English poyle, late Middle English poylleyes (plural), late Middle English–1500s polie, late Middle English–1500s polley, late Middle English–1500s poly, 1500s polly, 1500s pollyse. 1373 Document in Riley Memorials London (1868) 369 Wyndyng poleys.?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 14 The lower roundnes is double..as if it war a double polhille [?c1425 Paris double knotte, ?a1425 Hunterian doubel poleye; L. perosilla duplex, v.r.polhilha duplex], i. poley, þorgh whens passeþ cordes with which watres bene drawen.1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 91 The welle where the two bokettys henge by one corde rennyng thurgh one polley.1485 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 36 Poleis with Stroppes.1485 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 37 Poles of iij sheves and colkes of brasse.1495 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 201 Polyes.1495 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 204 Poliees with iiij colkes of Brasse.1497 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 247 Snachepoylleyes & other smale poyles.1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. sig. G.iv Lyke vnto a Polly to drawe water with.1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course xi. f. 116^v To the top of the masts were fastned polies with cordes.

γ. late Middle English pouley, late Middle English pulhie, late Middle English pwlly, late Middle English– pulley, late Middle English– pully (now nonstandard), 1500s poolly, 1500s poullie, 1500s poully, 1500s powley, 1500s pulleis (plural), 1500s–1600s pullie, 1500s–1600s pullye, 1500s–1700s pooly, 1600s pouly, 1600s pullee, 1600s pulleies (plural), 1700s puley; also Scottish pre-1700 billie, pre-1700 pelie, pre-1700 pille, pre-1700 pilley, pre-1700 pillye, pre-1700 puleis (plural), pre-1700 pulle (plural), pre-1700 pullie, pre-1700 pylleis (plural), pre-1700 1700s pillie, pre-1700 1800s pilly, 1700s pule; N.E.D. (1909) also records a form late Middle English pulie; Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) also records a form pulse (plural).1417 Foreign Accts. 8 Henry V (Public Rec. Office) G/1 j slynge, iiij Trusse Polleys, j henge pulley.1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes ii. xxviii. 140 To euery ladder moost be ordeyned thre pouleyes.1497 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 358 For tua schyffis with xiij puleis.1519 W. Horman Vulgaria xiii. f. 139 Some fyll the boket with a rope slydyng in a pooly.1528–9 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 347 Paide for a pully for the sacrament and for a roppe to the same.?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Gij In forme of a poully.1545 Council Aberdeen Reg. XIX in Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (new ed.) III. 490/2 Tua pilleis pertening to the wobteris craft.1551 R. Record Pathway to Knowl. Pref. Their Compas, their Carde, their Pulleis, their Ankers, were founde by the skill of witty Geometers.1568 in T. Wright Churchwardens' Accts. Ludlow (1869) 130 To William, torner, for turnynge of the powleys.1603 in J. Barmby Churchwardens' Accts. Pittington (1888) 281 For lainge of a geaste and makinge of the pullee.1603–4 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 154 A Candlestake and pullye, 13s. 4d.1622 H. Peacham Compl. Gentleman ix. 73 Pulleies and Cranes of all sorts.1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Plover A Pooly or Cord to carry it.1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 11 The pulley is the third mechanic power.1973 J. Bronowski Ascent of Man (1976) ii. 77 About the time that Joshua stormed Jericho, say 1400 bc, the mechanical engineers of Sumer and Assyria turned the wheel into a pulley to draw water.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Perhaps also partly a borrowing from Dutch. Etymons: French pulie, polie; Dutch poleye.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman pulie and Middle French polie, poulie (c1150 in Old French; French poulie ), probably < an unattested post-classical Latin form *polidia , alteration (arising from reinterpretation of the neuter plural as feminine singular) of *polidium , probably < an unattested Greek form *πολίδιον little pivot or axis < ancient Greek πόλος pole n.² + -ίδιον -idium comb. form; perhaps also partly via Middle Dutch poleye, paleie, polye pulley (compare e.g. quot. 1481 at β. forms; Dutch palei pulley, also ‘instrument of torture’). Compare Old Occitan pollieyia, polyeya, etc. (14th cent.; > Spanish polea (first half of the 15th cent.)), Portuguese polè (1416), Italian puleggia (a1564). Compare also post-classical Latin polea (13th cent. in British sources; 14th cent. in a continental source), poliva (see note below), polegium (in an undated example in Du Cange; perhaps also polegia, although apparently the only evidence is the ablative plural form polegiis (14th cent.), which could show either polegium or polegia); compare also Italian †puleggio (second half of the 16th cent.). Compare also Middle Low German polleye rope for hoisting a load, rope on a well, pulley, windlass, the wheel of a well. The ending of the α. forms is difficult to account for; it may perhaps be by analogy with the formal variation between forms in -if , etc. and -y , etc. shown by e.g. jolly adj., guilty adj., hasty adj., although it is not clear why the word should have been associated with adjectives of this type; perhaps compare also γ. forms at mastiff n. Similar forms are also found in post-classical Latin in British sources: puliva , poliva , polliva (1290–1346), pulyfo , ablative (1296); they are attested earlier than the English forms, and perhaps such forms originated in Latin, although again the motivation or mechanism is unclear (perhaps alteration after words in -ivus -ive suffix). In γ. forms perhaps partly by association with pull v. It is uncertain whether examples such as the following are to be interpreted as showing the Anglo-Norman or the Middle English word: 1295 Accts. Exchequer King's Remembrancer 5/8 Ad extrahendum le palley et le fraunt topp.1324 Accts. Exchequer King's Remembrancer Bundle 165 No. 2 lf. 20 In ij Ruellis seu Poleyis ereis.

a. A wheel with a groove round its rim, a sheave; such a wheel set in a frame or block and with a cord, rope, or cable passing round the rim, used to change the direction and application of a pulling force and in combination with similar wheels to increase the magnitude of the force, esp. when raising weights; a connected set of such wheels together with their enclosing frame or block. Cf. block n. 2, tackle n. 3a.In mechanics, the pulley is considered to be one of the six mechanical powers.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > tackle > pulley

winchc1050

sheave1336

pulley1357

trice1357

truckle1417

shiver1485

trace-wheel1519

truckle-wheel1533

pullace1545

pullishee1635

wince1688

trispast1706

block-pulley1864

1357 in Pipe Roll 32 Edward III m. 34/2 j wynding-rope, j ȝerderope, ij trusspoliues.

c1395 G. Chaucer Squire's Tale 184 Ther may no man out of the place it dryue For noon engyn of wyndas or polyue [v.r. palyue].

1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 91 The welle where the two bokettys henge by one corde rennyng thurgh one polley.

1485–6 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 45 Sengle poleis with Colkes of brasse.

1574 in A. Feuillerat Documents Office of Revels Queen Elizabeth (1908) 240 Pulleyes for the Clowdes and curteynes.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 42 They haue a Pully..wherewith they hoyse vp the Corne to the very Rafters of the house.

1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron I. ii. v. f. 45 There is a Well-pit hard by,..with a pulley and bucket descending downe into it.

1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 170 A Basket which they let down by a Rope that runs in a Pully.

1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. ii. 26 Sometimes we received Wine and Victuals from below, which were drawn up by Pullys.

1788 G. White Jrnl. 28 June (1970) xxi. 311 The upper sashes..are so contrived as to slide down with pullies.

1839 G. Bird Elements Nat. Philos. 68 In the pulley, as in the lever, time is lost as power is gained.

1887 T. Hardy Woodlanders I. vi. 107 A rickety old spit was in motion..kept going by means of a cord conveyed over pulleys along the ceiling to a large stone suspended in a corner of the room.

1954 R. Wailes Eng. Windmill i. 18 A chain..passes over a pulley in the roof and down through double-flap trap doors into the roundhouse.

1992 A. Kurzweil Case of Curiosities xxvii. 175 An engine with five pulleys..allowed all the furniture to be raised and lowered effortlessly.

b. Such a device used as (part of) an instrument of torture. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > torture > instrument or place of torture > [noun] > pulley

pulley1584

1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft ii. iii. 23 The complaint of anie one man of credit is sufficient to bring a poore woman to the racke or pullie.

1641 J. Milton Animadversions 15 A little pulley would have stretch't your wise and charitable frame it may be three inches further.

1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity ii. xvi. 172 The binding of their hands behind them, and hanging them at the pulley.

a1711 T. Ken Wks. (1721) IV. 520 Then on the Rack the Saint they stretch, Her Limbs with Screws and Pulleys retch.

1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II I. ii. iii. 424 They had only to try the efficacy of the torture,—the rack, the cord, and the pulley.

1986 B. B. Broughton Dict. Medieval Knighthood & Chivalry 453 Some of the tortures used included the rack,..the pulley also known as squassation, [etc.].

2001 Scotsman (Nexis) 1 Dec. 10 Electric prods, riot shields and Tasers..can make instruments of torture as effective as any red-hot pincers, rack or pulley.

c. A wheel or drum fixed on a shaft and turned by a belt, cable, etc., for the application or transmission of power, or to guide the belt.cone-, differential, grip-, guide-, split pulley, etc.: see the first element.

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society > occupation and work > equipment > conveyor > [noun] > chute > types of

pulleya1586

letter chute1868

sack-shoot1902

tremie1905

mail chute1961

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > parts which provide power > [noun] > pulleys

pulleya1586

tension-roller1835

idle pulley1873

jockey-pulley1893

a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. xxviii. sig. G g 2 But when he had once named Zelmane, that name was as good as a pully, to make the clocke of his praises run on.

1619 in J. Barmby Churchwardens' Accts. Pittington (1888) 174 P^d for mendinge the pullies for the bell ropes, viij d.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 323/1 The Struck Wheel, or Pulley [of a jack], that about which the Chain or Rope goes to turn the Broach about.

1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. 50 They are apt to permit a slipping of the bands on the surface of the driving-drums or pulleys.

1886 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 177 348 The power transmitted by the belt was measured by a dynamometer... A is the driving pulley of the engine.

1957 H. Williamson Golden Virgin (1963) I. xii. 164 The flywheel was turning about two hundred times a minute: a heavy flywheel, so the pulley did not snatch at the belt.

1991 Trad. Woodworking Apr. 29/1 The Poly-vee belt has the advantages of allowing smaller pulleys to be used because of its..delivering a greater percentage of the motor power to the spindle.

2. Anatomy. A structure or arrangement of parts resembling a pulley; a trochlea; esp. a fibrous loop through which a tendon passes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > parts of bones > [noun] > trochlea

pulley1565

trochlea1684

1565 J. Hall Anat. 2nd Pt. ii. 61 in tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. Whyche bunche or knobbe maketh the forme of the elbowe when it is bowed—whyche was made, that this fasteninge wyth the ende of the adiutorye, wyth the rowle or pulley thereof in the holowe cuppe, shoulde be the more strong.

1654 W. Charleton Physiologia Epicuro-Gassendo-Charltoniana 177 The Second, and smallest, twisted into a long tendon, circumrotates the Eye toward the interior angle, and is called the Trochlea, or Pully.

1703 J. Keill Anat. Humane Body (ed. 2) 177 When the second contracteth, it pulleth the Uvula forwards, because of the Pulley through which its Tendon passes, which alters the direction of its Motion.

1831 Lancet 17 Dec. 382/2 A beautiful cartilaginous hook or pulley, round which plays the tendon of the stylo-palatine muscle.

1869 T. H. Huxley Lessons Elem. Physiol. (ed. 3) vii. 197 In the..muscle which depresses the lower jaw, and specially receives this name of digastric, the middle tendon runs through a pulley connected with the hyoid bone.

1955 R. Macintosh & M. Ostlere Local Analgesia Head & Neck i. 3 The supratrochlear runs medially and forwards, leaving the orbit above the pulley of the superior oblique.

1973 Med. Jrnl. Austral. 25 Aug. 372/1 The proximal limiting pulley of the fibrous flexor sheath is excised to relieve palmar triggering.

3. figurative in various senses.

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1581 N. Burne Disput. Headdis of Relig. 109 The Cauuinist maist bauld of al vil afferme..that ve be certane pilleis, or ingeynis ar liftit vp to heauin be ane incomprehensibil maner.

1607 T. Walkington Optick Glasse 12 They are..pullies to draw on their..destenies.

1638 R. Brathwait Surv. Hist. 91 Their inconsiderate bounty became the onely pulley to hale them to calamity.

1691 J. Hartcliffe Treat. Virtues 41 We must examine all the windings and Labyrinths of our whole Frame, and see, by what Pullies and Wheels all the operations of our Minds are performed.

1804 H. H. Brackenridge Mod. Chivalry II. iv. iii. 161 The press is the great pulley, by which the public mind is hoisted up.

1870 R. W. Emerson Society & Solitude 203 I prize the mechanics of conversation. 'Tis pulley and lever and screw.

a1978 M. Bell Compl. Poems (1988) 218 My life has been suspended in a cruel balance, tugged by cruel pulleys in two opposite ways.

2006 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 11 June 60/1 Since the early 1970's, the college-aid system..has been outfitted with countless gears and pulleys.

4. Originally and chiefly Scottish. A wooden frame used for hanging clothes to dry, which is suspended from the ceiling by an arrangement of pulleys and can be raised or lowered.

ΚΠ

1936 L. McInnes Dial. S. Kintyre 15 Perk, the clothes pulley or hooks on a kitchen ceiling.

1976 ‘J. Herriot’ All Things Wise & Wonderful (1977) 429 Battered furniture, rows of much-mended washing on a pulley, black cooking range and a general air of chaos.

1985 A. Blair Tea at Miss Cranston's xvii. 146 [She found] her new maid perched on top of the step-ladder carefully draping the washing over the pulley, quite unaware that the contraption could be let down.

2001 J. Boyle Galloway Street 82 She'll go back to her ironing, under the dripping pulley at the kitchen table.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, as pulley rope, pulley shaft, pulley twine, etc.

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society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > tackle > pulley > rope or line

pulley rope1373

tail-rope1844

whip line1894

1373 in H. T. Riley Memorials London (1868) 369 (MED) [2] wyndyng poleys, [2] skeynes poletwyne.

1693 J. Moyle Sea-chirurgion II. xxv. 124 Have a Pully made fast at a distance, with a Pully-rope, having a hook at the end of it.

1796 Copies Exemplifications Patents spinning Flax 30 The back axis..receives its motion from a pinion on the top of the list pulley shaft.

1895 Bot. Gaz. 22 464 There are one large and two small wheels upon the pulley shaft.

1994 Osiris 9 160 He placed a long vertical divided rule behind the left-hand weight and a thirty-minute weight-driven pendulum clock on a column supporting the pulley stand.

2005 Western Daily News (Plymouth) (Nexis) 5 Nov. 22 A suspended chair in which a person could haul himself across a narrow channel with a pulley rope.

C2.

pulley block n. [compare Middle Low German polleyenblok] a block or casing in which a pulley is mounted.

ΚΠ

1760 J. Ferguson Lect. 105 To the pulley-block V is hung the counterpoise W.

1862 Internat. Exhib.: Illustr. Catal. Industr. Dept. II. xxxi. 22/2 (caption) Wrought-Iron Pulley Block, with cast-brass or iron sheaves.

1913 H. Wilda Cranes & Hoists ii. 128 The lifting and lowering of the load is effected by means of multiple pulley blocks.

1990 A. Maidment I remember, I Remember (BNC) 106 The skeleton of the body..would be lifted on to rollers, rolled..down to the waiting chassis in the yard by means of skids. A pulley block was used to ensure the safety of this manoeuvre.

pulley box n. (a) = pulley block n.; (b) Weaving (in a drawloom) a frame containing the pulleys used to adjust the vertical looped strings (now chiefly historical); (c) a broad pulley wheel in the form of a drum or cylinder (rare).

ΚΠ

1819 P. Nicholson Archit. Dict. II. 876/1 All the sashes to be astragal moulded... The whole to have inch-and-three-quarter brass pulley-boxes.

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 364 Cords passing from this pulley box..over guides,..communicate the motion..to the bobbins.

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1820/1 Pulley-box, a frame containing the pulleys for guiding the tail-cords in a draw-loom.

1909 N.ED. Pulley-box, a broad pulley-wheel, a drum or cylinder.

1977 Winterthur Portfolio 12 147 (caption) In this loom..there is a single pulley box.

1985 Bull. Assoc. Preservation Technol. 17 35/2 The face of the pulley box or housing, was usually of iron or steel, intended to be painted in the same manner as the window frame.

pulley case n. = pulley block n.

ΚΠ

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 293 The pulley-case is moved in the slide.

2001 Rev.: HF 14″ 4-Speed Bandsaw (SKU 32208) in rec.woodworking (Usenet newsgroup) 26 Oct. The next step was to open the door of the pulley case (which encloses the pulleys on the saw body and covers the belts).

pulley check n. a device or structure which prevents the return of the cord of a pulley through the block.

ΚΠ

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1820/1 Pulley-check, an automatic device by which the rope is kept from running back over a pulley.

2000 Daily Record (Glasgow) (Nexis) 15 Apr. 41 Make a small wedge to jam through the pulley wheel, and cut the cord to the required length—measure the pulley check on the side of the sashes to work this out.

† pulley-clutch n. Obsolete rare (a) a clasping device for attaching a pulley block to a structure; (b) a device for fixing a pulley wheel to its shaft.

ΚΠ

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1820/1 Pulley-clutch, a device for fastening a hoisting pulley to a beam or rafter.

1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. at Pulley n. Pulley-clutch, a clutch for connecting a pulley with its shaft.

pulley cone n. a cone having a series of circular grooves around its axis, equivalent to a set of pulley wheels of gradually increasing radius.

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society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [noun] > parts of wheels > other parts

vane1815

web1828

offset1850

wheel-guard1860

spade1862

pulley cone1903

1903 Harvard Psychol. Stud. 1 417 A disc..about 50c. in diameter, rotating on a vertical pivot, was driven by a pulley-cone underneath mounted on the same spindle.

1996 Courier Mail (Queensland) (Nexis) 5 Jan. When a ratio change is needed, the pulley cones are pushed together or drawn apart hydraulically, forcing the belt to ride further out, or in, from the shaft.

pulley cord n. (a) a cord which runs over a pulley; (b) Weaving each of the strings in a drawloom which pass over the pulleys (now chiefly historical).

ΚΠ

1896 N.Y. Times 21 Oct. 1/2 It might have been a serious accident, but fortunately the spine of the lower kite broke before I had clamped the pulley cord which was to take me up.

1910 L. Hooper Hand-loom Weaving iii. xvi. 259 The pulley cords..are carried to the nearest wall or beam, and tied there in regular order.

2005 Times (Nexis) 9 Apr. (Mag.) 84 Window controls which do away with tangled pulley cords, have also helped to bring glass extensions bang up to date.

pulley drum n. †(a) = pulley block n. (obsolete rare); (b) a pulley in the form of a drum, esp. for driving a conveyor belt.

ΚΠ

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1820/1 Pulley-drum, the block inclosing the sheave.

1917 E. Butler Transmission Gears iii. 49 A pair of conical pulley drums, but none of these have been seen..now for many years.

2003 Manufacturers' Monthly (Nexis) Aug. Material spillage builds up inside the pulley drum and coats itself on the conveyor rollers and the head tail pulleys which restricts movement.

pulley frame n. a frame in which a pulley or set of pulleys is mounted.

ΚΠ

1849 G. C. Greenwell Gloss. Terms Coal Trade Northumberland & Durham 40 Pulley-frames, the gearing above a pit, upon which the pulleys are supported.

1896 L. Proudlock Borderland Muse 95 The pully-frames an' a' Afore five minutes time will fa'.

1961 Limnol. & Oceanogr. 6 87/2 The part of the pulley frame which housed the eye was removed to form a slot.

† pulley-gauge n. Obsolete rare a tide gauge in which a cord with a float at one end and a weight at the other passes over a pulley wheel connected to a pointer.

ΚΠ

1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xi. 117 Our tide-register was on board the vessel, a simple pulley-gauge, arranged with a wheel and index.

pulley sheave n. chiefly Scottish = pulley wheel n.; cf. pullishee n.

ΚΠ

1422–7 in S. Rose Navy of Lancastrian Kings (1982) 90 [For 8] pulley shives.

1537–8 in H. M. Paton Accts. Masters of Wks. (1957) I. 207 For ane new pille scheif..contenand xiii pund wecht of brass.

1616 in J. Imrie & J. G. Dunbar Accts. Masters of Wks. (1982) II. 9 To Archibald Fleyming for four pullie sheiffes.

1985 Stud. Conservation 30 65 (caption) Waterlogged wooden pulley sheave.

pulley shell n. rare the outer part of a pulley block.

ΚΠ

1890 Cent. Dict. Pulley-shell, the outer part or casing of a pulley-block.

1916 Middleton (N.Y.) Daily Times 28 Apr. 7/5 In going down the rope slips through the pulley shell held by the user and revolves the wheel inside.

pulley stile n. a vertical side piece of a sash frame, on which the pulleys are mounted and against which the sash slides.

ΚΠ

1819 P. Nicholson Archit. Dict. II. 171/2 The face of the pulley-style of every sash-frame ought to project..about three-eighths of an inch.

1972 Gloss. Terms Timber & Woodwork (B.S.I.) 47 Pulley stile, a vertical member of a cased frame housing the pulleys and against which the sashes slide.

1993 Collins Compl. DIY Man. (new ed.) iii. 210/3 Saw through the sill close to the jambs and remove the centre portion. Cut away the bottom ends of the inner lining level with the pulley stiles and remove the ends of the old sill.

pulley stock n. rare †(a) a block to which a pulley is attached (obsolete); (b) a grooved roller used as a component in a pulley system.

ΚΠ

1409–11 Naval Acct. in B. Sandahl Middle Eng. Sea Terms (1958) II. 121 Vij Polivestokkes sanz sheves..a ij hengepolives cum les strops, a j bowespritepolive.

1756 J. McCullouch Jrnl. in K. Miller et al. Irish Immigrants in Land of Canaan (2003) 172 I did hide Welingers and Som Shafts in a holow tree..and a Wolen Reed..puley Stocks..Salt unde y^e uper berreck next y^e Corn Recks.

1910 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 7 May 18/2 (advt.) Climax differential pulley stock.

† pulley-stone n. English regional (Derbyshire) Obsolete a fossil produced by the accumulation of sediment inside the stem of a crinoid, forming a cylindrical cast with successive grooves and flanges marking the joints of the stem; also called screw-stone.

ΚΠ

1800 T. King Fossils: Catal. Genuine & Entire Museum Curious Subjects Nat. Hist. John Strange 5 Pulley stone, from Derbyshire.

1843 G. Mantell Jrnl. 10 July (1940) 173 Cherts with casts of entrochi (pulley stones).

1859 D. Page Handbk. Geol. Terms 306 Pulley-stones, a familiar term for the hollow casts or moulds of the joints and stems of encrinites.

pulley wheel n. a grooved wheel of a pulley.

ΚΠ

1665 R. Hooke Micrographia Pref., sig. e^v In a convenient place of this is fastened H a pully wheel.

1786 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 2 299 To remedy this, methinks it would be well to have a kind of large pulley wheel..over which the cable might pass.

1868 Times 10 Feb. 10/3 You could not see the pulley wheels revolving as you can in England.

1982 P. Gardner & F. Foden Foxton (BNC) (rev. ed.) 10 The basic principle of the lift is that of two balancing weights positioned on an inclined plane, and suspended by a connecting rope passing over pulley wheels.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	pulley
释义	pulleyn.¹ Brit. /ˈpʊli/, U.S. /ˈpʊli/ Inflections: Plural pulleys, pullies. Forms: α. Middle English palyue, Middle English poliue, Middle English polyue, Middle English puleyve, late Middle English polesis (plural, transmission error), late Middle English polhif, late Middle English polif, late Middle English polive, late Middle English polyff, late Middle English polyve. 1357 in Pipe Roll 32 Edward III m. 34/2 j wynding-rope, j ȝerderope, ij trusspoliues. ▸ c1395 G. Chaucer Squire's Tale 184 Ther may no man out of the place it dryue For noon engyn of wyndas or polyue [v.r. palyue].1427–8 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 68 For makyng of iiij polesis [read: polefis] of bras & iron werk and lede þat serued for þe vayl: v s. viij d.1465 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 201 Item [paid], for iij grete polyves, ij s.c1500 Debate Carpenter's Tools in Rev. Eng. Stud. (1987) 38 459 Than bespake þe polyff With gret strong wordys and styffe. β. Middle English poley, late Middle English pole, late Middle English poleies (plural), late Middle English poleye, late Middle English polhie, late Middle English polhille (probably transmission error), late Middle English polye, late Middle English polyss (plural), late Middle English poyle, late Middle English poylleyes (plural), late Middle English–1500s polie, late Middle English–1500s polley, late Middle English–1500s poly, 1500s polly, 1500s pollyse. 1373 Document in Riley Memorials London (1868) 369 Wyndyng poleys.?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 14 The lower roundnes is double..as if it war a double polhille [?c1425 Paris double knotte, ?a1425 Hunterian doubel poleye; L. perosilla duplex, v.r.polhilha duplex], i. poley, þorgh whens passeþ cordes with which watres bene drawen.1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 91 The welle where the two bokettys henge by one corde rennyng thurgh one polley.1485 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 36 Poleis with Stroppes.1485 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 37 Poles of iij sheves and colkes of brasse.1495 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 201 Polyes.1495 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 204 Poliees with iiij colkes of Brasse.1497 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 247 Snachepoylleyes & other smale poyles.1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. sig. G.iv Lyke vnto a Polly to drawe water with.1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course xi. f. 116^v To the top of the masts were fastned polies with cordes. γ. late Middle English pouley, late Middle English pulhie, late Middle English pwlly, late Middle English– pulley, late Middle English– pully (now nonstandard), 1500s poolly, 1500s poullie, 1500s poully, 1500s powley, 1500s pulleis (plural), 1500s–1600s pullie, 1500s–1600s pullye, 1500s–1700s pooly, 1600s pouly, 1600s pullee, 1600s pulleies (plural), 1700s puley; also Scottish pre-1700 billie, pre-1700 pelie, pre-1700 pille, pre-1700 pilley, pre-1700 pillye, pre-1700 puleis (plural), pre-1700 pulle (plural), pre-1700 pullie, pre-1700 pylleis (plural), pre-1700 1700s pillie, pre-1700 1800s pilly, 1700s pule; N.E.D. (1909) also records a form late Middle English pulie; Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) also records a form pulse (plural).1417 Foreign Accts. 8 Henry V (Public Rec. Office) G/1 j slynge, iiij Trusse Polleys, j henge pulley.1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes ii. xxviii. 140 To euery ladder moost be ordeyned thre pouleyes.1497 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 358 For tua schyffis with xiij puleis.1519 W. Horman Vulgaria xiii. f. 139 Some fyll the boket with a rope slydyng in a pooly.1528–9 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 347 Paide for a pully for the sacrament and for a roppe to the same.?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Gij In forme of a poully.1545 Council Aberdeen Reg. XIX in Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (new ed.) III. 490/2 Tua pilleis pertening to the wobteris craft.1551 R. Record Pathway to Knowl. Pref. Their Compas, their Carde, their Pulleis, their Ankers, were founde by the skill of witty Geometers.1568 in T. Wright Churchwardens' Accts. Ludlow (1869) 130 To William, torner, for turnynge of the powleys.1603 in J. Barmby Churchwardens' Accts. Pittington (1888) 281 For lainge of a geaste and makinge of the pullee.1603–4 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 154 A Candlestake and pullye, 13s. 4d.1622 H. Peacham Compl. Gentleman ix. 73 Pulleies and Cranes of all sorts.1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Plover A Pooly or Cord to carry it.1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 11 The pulley is the third mechanic power.1973 J. Bronowski Ascent of Man (1976) ii. 77 About the time that Joshua stormed Jericho, say 1400 bc, the mechanical engineers of Sumer and Assyria turned the wheel into a pulley to draw water. Origin: A borrowing from French. Perhaps also partly a borrowing from Dutch. Etymons: French pulie, polie; Dutch poleye. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman pulie and Middle French polie, poulie (c1150 in Old French; French poulie ), probably < an unattested post-classical Latin form polidia , alteration (arising from reinterpretation of the neuter plural as feminine singular) of polidium , probably < an unattested Greek form *πολίδιον little pivot or axis < ancient Greek πόλος pole n.² + -ίδιον -idium comb. form; perhaps also partly via Middle Dutch poleye, paleie, polye pulley (compare e.g. quot. 1481 at β. forms; Dutch palei pulley, also ‘instrument of torture’). Compare Old Occitan pollieyia, polyeya, etc. (14th cent.; > Spanish polea (first half of the 15th cent.)), Portuguese polè (1416), Italian puleggia (a1564). Compare also post-classical Latin polea (13th cent. in British sources; 14th cent. in a continental source), poliva (see note below), polegium (in an undated example in Du Cange; perhaps also polegia, although apparently the only evidence is the ablative plural form polegiis (14th cent.), which could show either polegium or polegia); compare also Italian †puleggio (second half of the 16th cent.). Compare also Middle Low German polleye rope for hoisting a load, rope on a well, pulley, windlass, the wheel of a well. The ending of the α. forms is difficult to account for; it may perhaps be by analogy with the formal variation between forms in -if , etc. and -y , etc. shown by e.g. jolly adj., guilty adj., hasty adj., although it is not clear why the word should have been associated with adjectives of this type; perhaps compare also γ. forms at mastiff n. Similar forms are also found in post-classical Latin in British sources: puliva , poliva , polliva (1290–1346), pulyfo , ablative (1296); they are attested earlier than the English forms, and perhaps such forms originated in Latin, although again the motivation or mechanism is unclear (perhaps alteration after words in -ivus -ive suffix). In γ. forms perhaps partly by association with pull v. It is uncertain whether examples such as the following are to be interpreted as showing the Anglo-Norman or the Middle English word: 1295 Accts. Exchequer King's Remembrancer 5/8 Ad extrahendum le palley et le fraunt topp.1324 Accts. Exchequer King's Remembrancer Bundle 165 No. 2 lf. 20 In ij Ruellis seu Poleyis ereis. 1. a. A wheel with a groove round its rim, a sheave; such a wheel set in a frame or block and with a cord, rope, or cable passing round the rim, used to change the direction and application of a pulling force and in combination with similar wheels to increase the magnitude of the force, esp. when raising weights; a connected set of such wheels together with their enclosing frame or block. Cf. block n. 2, tackle n. 3a.In mechanics, the pulley is considered to be one of the six mechanical powers. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > tackle > pulley winchc1050 sheave1336 pulley1357 trice1357 truckle1417 shiver1485 trace-wheel1519 truckle-wheel1533 pullace1545 pullishee1635 wince1688 trispast1706 block-pulley1864 1357 in Pipe Roll 32 Edward III m. 34/2 j wynding-rope, j ȝerderope, ij trusspoliues. c1395 G. Chaucer Squire's Tale 184 Ther may no man out of the place it dryue For noon engyn of wyndas or polyue [v.r. palyue]. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 91 The welle where the two bokettys henge by one corde rennyng thurgh one polley. 1485–6 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 45 Sengle poleis with Colkes of brasse. 1574 in A. Feuillerat Documents Office of Revels Queen Elizabeth (1908) 240 Pulleyes for the Clowdes and curteynes. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 42 They haue a Pully..wherewith they hoyse vp the Corne to the very Rafters of the house. 1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron I. ii. v. f. 45 There is a Well-pit hard by,..with a pulley and bucket descending downe into it. 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 170 A Basket which they let down by a Rope that runs in a Pully. 1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. ii. 26 Sometimes we received Wine and Victuals from below, which were drawn up by Pullys. 1788 G. White Jrnl. 28 June (1970) xxi. 311 The upper sashes..are so contrived as to slide down with pullies. 1839 G. Bird Elements Nat. Philos. 68 In the pulley, as in the lever, time is lost as power is gained. 1887 T. Hardy Woodlanders I. vi. 107 A rickety old spit was in motion..kept going by means of a cord conveyed over pulleys along the ceiling to a large stone suspended in a corner of the room. 1954 R. Wailes Eng. Windmill i. 18 A chain..passes over a pulley in the roof and down through double-flap trap doors into the roundhouse. 1992 A. Kurzweil Case of Curiosities xxvii. 175 An engine with five pulleys..allowed all the furniture to be raised and lowered effortlessly. b. Such a device used as (part of) an instrument of torture. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > torture > instrument or place of torture > [noun] > pulley pulley1584 1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft ii. iii. 23 The complaint of anie one man of credit is sufficient to bring a poore woman to the racke or pullie. 1641 J. Milton Animadversions 15 A little pulley would have stretch't your wise and charitable frame it may be three inches further. 1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity ii. xvi. 172 The binding of their hands behind them, and hanging them at the pulley. a1711 T. Ken Wks. (1721) IV. 520 Then on the Rack the Saint they stretch, Her Limbs with Screws and Pulleys retch. 1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II I. ii. iii. 424 They had only to try the efficacy of the torture,—the rack, the cord, and the pulley. 1986 B. B. Broughton Dict. Medieval Knighthood & Chivalry 453 Some of the tortures used included the rack,..the pulley also known as squassation, [etc.]. 2001 Scotsman (Nexis) 1 Dec. 10 Electric prods, riot shields and Tasers..can make instruments of torture as effective as any red-hot pincers, rack or pulley. c. A wheel or drum fixed on a shaft and turned by a belt, cable, etc., for the application or transmission of power, or to guide the belt.cone-, differential, grip-, guide-, split pulley, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > conveyor > [noun] > chute > types of pulleya1586 letter chute1868 sack-shoot1902 tremie1905 mail chute1961 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > parts which provide power > [noun] > pulleys pulleya1586 tension-roller1835 idle pulley1873 jockey-pulley1893 a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. xxviii. sig. G g 2 But when he had once named Zelmane, that name was as good as a pully, to make the clocke of his praises run on. 1619 in J. Barmby Churchwardens' Accts. Pittington (1888) 174 P^d for mendinge the pullies for the bell ropes, viij d. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 323/1 The Struck Wheel, or Pulley [of a jack], that about which the Chain or Rope goes to turn the Broach about. 1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. 50 They are apt to permit a slipping of the bands on the surface of the driving-drums or pulleys. 1886 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 177 348 The power transmitted by the belt was measured by a dynamometer... A is the driving pulley of the engine. 1957 H. Williamson Golden Virgin (1963) I. xii. 164 The flywheel was turning about two hundred times a minute: a heavy flywheel, so the pulley did not snatch at the belt. 1991 Trad. Woodworking Apr. 29/1 The Poly-vee belt has the advantages of allowing smaller pulleys to be used because of its..delivering a greater percentage of the motor power to the spindle. 2. Anatomy. A structure or arrangement of parts resembling a pulley; a trochlea; esp. a fibrous loop through which a tendon passes. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > parts of bones > [noun] > trochlea pulley1565 trochlea1684 1565 J. Hall Anat. 2nd Pt. ii. 61 in tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. Whyche bunche or knobbe maketh the forme of the elbowe when it is bowed—whyche was made, that this fasteninge wyth the ende of the adiutorye, wyth the rowle or pulley thereof in the holowe cuppe, shoulde be the more strong. 1654 W. Charleton Physiologia Epicuro-Gassendo-Charltoniana 177 The Second, and smallest, twisted into a long tendon, circumrotates the Eye toward the interior angle, and is called the Trochlea, or Pully. 1703 J. Keill Anat. Humane Body (ed. 2) 177 When the second contracteth, it pulleth the Uvula forwards, because of the Pulley through which its Tendon passes, which alters the direction of its Motion. 1831 Lancet 17 Dec. 382/2 A beautiful cartilaginous hook or pulley, round which plays the tendon of the stylo-palatine muscle. 1869 T. H. Huxley Lessons Elem. Physiol. (ed. 3) vii. 197 In the..muscle which depresses the lower jaw, and specially receives this name of digastric, the middle tendon runs through a pulley connected with the hyoid bone. 1955 R. Macintosh & M. Ostlere Local Analgesia Head & Neck i. 3 The supratrochlear runs medially and forwards, leaving the orbit above the pulley of the superior oblique. 1973 Med. Jrnl. Austral. 25 Aug. 372/1 The proximal limiting pulley of the fibrous flexor sheath is excised to relieve palmar triggering. 3. figurative in various senses. ΚΠ 1581 N. Burne Disput. Headdis of Relig. 109 The Cauuinist maist bauld of al vil afferme..that ve be certane pilleis, or ingeynis ar liftit vp to heauin be ane incomprehensibil maner. 1607 T. Walkington Optick Glasse 12 They are..pullies to draw on their..destenies. 1638 R. Brathwait Surv. Hist. 91 Their inconsiderate bounty became the onely pulley to hale them to calamity. 1691 J. Hartcliffe Treat. Virtues 41 We must examine all the windings and Labyrinths of our whole Frame, and see, by what Pullies and Wheels all the operations of our Minds are performed. 1804 H. H. Brackenridge Mod. Chivalry II. iv. iii. 161 The press is the great pulley, by which the public mind is hoisted up. 1870 R. W. Emerson Society & Solitude 203 I prize the mechanics of conversation. 'Tis pulley and lever and screw. a1978 M. Bell Compl. Poems (1988) 218 My life has been suspended in a cruel balance, tugged by cruel pulleys in two opposite ways. 2006 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 11 June 60/1 Since the early 1970's, the college-aid system..has been outfitted with countless gears and pulleys. 4. Originally and chiefly Scottish. A wooden frame used for hanging clothes to dry, which is suspended from the ceiling by an arrangement of pulleys and can be raised or lowered. ΚΠ 1936 L. McInnes Dial. S. Kintyre 15 Perk, the clothes pulley or hooks on a kitchen ceiling. 1976 ‘J. Herriot’ All Things Wise & Wonderful (1977) 429 Battered furniture, rows of much-mended washing on a pulley, black cooking range and a general air of chaos. 1985 A. Blair Tea at Miss Cranston's xvii. 146 [She found] her new maid perched on top of the step-ladder carefully draping the washing over the pulley, quite unaware that the contraption could be let down. 2001 J. Boyle Galloway Street 82 She'll go back to her ironing, under the dripping pulley at the kitchen table. Compounds C1. General attributive, as pulley rope, pulley shaft, pulley twine, etc. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > tackle > pulley > rope or line pulley rope1373 tail-rope1844 whip line1894 1373 in H. T. Riley Memorials London (1868) 369 (MED) [2] wyndyng poleys, [2] skeynes poletwyne. 1693 J. Moyle Sea-chirurgion II. xxv. 124 Have a Pully made fast at a distance, with a Pully-rope, having a hook at the end of it. 1796 Copies Exemplifications Patents spinning Flax 30 The back axis..receives its motion from a pinion on the top of the list pulley shaft. 1895 Bot. Gaz. 22 464 There are one large and two small wheels upon the pulley shaft. 1994 Osiris 9 160 He placed a long vertical divided rule behind the left-hand weight and a thirty-minute weight-driven pendulum clock on a column supporting the pulley stand. 2005 Western Daily News (Plymouth) (Nexis) 5 Nov. 22 A suspended chair in which a person could haul himself across a narrow channel with a pulley rope. C2. pulley block n. [compare Middle Low German polleyenblok] a block or casing in which a pulley is mounted. ΚΠ 1760 J. Ferguson Lect. 105 To the pulley-block V is hung the counterpoise W. 1862 Internat. Exhib.: Illustr. Catal. Industr. Dept. II. xxxi. 22/2 (caption) Wrought-Iron Pulley Block, with cast-brass or iron sheaves. 1913 H. Wilda Cranes & Hoists ii. 128 The lifting and lowering of the load is effected by means of multiple pulley blocks. 1990 A. Maidment I remember, I Remember (BNC) 106 The skeleton of the body..would be lifted on to rollers, rolled..down to the waiting chassis in the yard by means of skids. A pulley block was used to ensure the safety of this manoeuvre. pulley box n. (a) = pulley block n.; (b) Weaving (in a drawloom) a frame containing the pulleys used to adjust the vertical looped strings (now chiefly historical); (c) a broad pulley wheel in the form of a drum or cylinder (rare). ΚΠ 1819 P. Nicholson Archit. Dict. II. 876/1 All the sashes to be astragal moulded... The whole to have inch-and-three-quarter brass pulley-boxes. 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 364 Cords passing from this pulley box..over guides,..communicate the motion..to the bobbins. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1820/1 Pulley-box, a frame containing the pulleys for guiding the tail-cords in a draw-loom. 1909 N.ED. Pulley-box, a broad pulley-wheel, a drum or cylinder. 1977 Winterthur Portfolio 12 147 (caption) In this loom..there is a single pulley box. 1985 Bull. Assoc. Preservation Technol. 17 35/2 The face of the pulley box or housing, was usually of iron or steel, intended to be painted in the same manner as the window frame. pulley case n. = pulley block n. ΚΠ 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 293 The pulley-case is moved in the slide. 2001 Rev.: HF 14″ 4-Speed Bandsaw (SKU 32208) in rec.woodworking (Usenet newsgroup) 26 Oct. The next step was to open the door of the pulley case (which encloses the pulleys on the saw body and covers the belts). pulley check n. a device or structure which prevents the return of the cord of a pulley through the block. ΚΠ 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1820/1 Pulley-check, an automatic device by which the rope is kept from running back over a pulley. 2000 Daily Record (Glasgow) (Nexis) 15 Apr. 41 Make a small wedge to jam through the pulley wheel, and cut the cord to the required length—measure the pulley check on the side of the sashes to work this out. † pulley-clutch n. Obsolete rare (a) a clasping device for attaching a pulley block to a structure; (b) a device for fixing a pulley wheel to its shaft. ΚΠ 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1820/1 Pulley-clutch, a device for fastening a hoisting pulley to a beam or rafter. 1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. at Pulley n. Pulley-clutch, a clutch for connecting a pulley with its shaft. pulley cone n. a cone having a series of circular grooves around its axis, equivalent to a set of pulley wheels of gradually increasing radius. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [noun] > parts of wheels > other parts vane1815 web1828 offset1850 wheel-guard1860 spade1862 pulley cone1903 1903 Harvard Psychol. Stud. 1 417 A disc..about 50c. in diameter, rotating on a vertical pivot, was driven by a pulley-cone underneath mounted on the same spindle. 1996 Courier Mail (Queensland) (Nexis) 5 Jan. When a ratio change is needed, the pulley cones are pushed together or drawn apart hydraulically, forcing the belt to ride further out, or in, from the shaft. pulley cord n. (a) a cord which runs over a pulley; (b) Weaving each of the strings in a drawloom which pass over the pulleys (now chiefly historical). ΚΠ 1896 N.Y. Times 21 Oct. 1/2 It might have been a serious accident, but fortunately the spine of the lower kite broke before I had clamped the pulley cord which was to take me up. 1910 L. Hooper Hand-loom Weaving iii. xvi. 259 The pulley cords..are carried to the nearest wall or beam, and tied there in regular order. 2005 Times (Nexis) 9 Apr. (Mag.) 84 Window controls which do away with tangled pulley cords, have also helped to bring glass extensions bang up to date. pulley drum n. †(a) = pulley block n. (obsolete rare); (b) a pulley in the form of a drum, esp. for driving a conveyor belt. ΚΠ 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1820/1 Pulley-drum, the block inclosing the sheave. 1917 E. Butler Transmission Gears iii. 49 A pair of conical pulley drums, but none of these have been seen..now for many years. 2003 Manufacturers' Monthly (Nexis) Aug. Material spillage builds up inside the pulley drum and coats itself on the conveyor rollers and the head tail pulleys which restricts movement. pulley frame n. a frame in which a pulley or set of pulleys is mounted. ΚΠ 1849 G. C. Greenwell Gloss. Terms Coal Trade Northumberland & Durham 40 Pulley-frames, the gearing above a pit, upon which the pulleys are supported. 1896 L. Proudlock Borderland Muse 95 The pully-frames an' a' Afore five minutes time will fa'. 1961 Limnol. & Oceanogr. 6 87/2 The part of the pulley frame which housed the eye was removed to form a slot. † pulley-gauge n. Obsolete rare a tide gauge in which a cord with a float at one end and a weight at the other passes over a pulley wheel connected to a pointer. ΚΠ 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xi. 117 Our tide-register was on board the vessel, a simple pulley-gauge, arranged with a wheel and index. pulley sheave n. chiefly Scottish = pulley wheel n.; cf. pullishee n. ΚΠ 1422–7 in S. Rose Navy of Lancastrian Kings (1982) 90 [For 8] pulley shives. 1537–8 in H. M. Paton Accts. Masters of Wks. (1957) I. 207 For ane new pille scheif..contenand xiii pund wecht of brass. 1616 in J. Imrie & J. G. Dunbar Accts. Masters of Wks. (1982) II. 9 To Archibald Fleyming for four pullie sheiffes. 1985 Stud. Conservation 30 65 (caption) Waterlogged wooden pulley sheave. pulley shell n. rare the outer part of a pulley block. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Pulley-shell, the outer part or casing of a pulley-block. 1916 Middleton (N.Y.) Daily Times 28 Apr. 7/5 In going down the rope slips through the pulley shell held by the user and revolves the wheel inside. pulley stile n. a vertical side piece of a sash frame, on which the pulleys are mounted and against which the sash slides. ΚΠ 1819 P. Nicholson Archit. Dict. II. 171/2 The face of the pulley-style of every sash-frame ought to project..about three-eighths of an inch. 1972 Gloss. Terms Timber & Woodwork (B.S.I.) 47 Pulley stile, a vertical member of a cased frame housing the pulleys and against which the sashes slide. 1993 Collins Compl. DIY Man. (new ed.) iii. 210/3 Saw through the sill close to the jambs and remove the centre portion. Cut away the bottom ends of the inner lining level with the pulley stiles and remove the ends of the old sill. pulley stock n. rare †(a) a block to which a pulley is attached (obsolete); (b) a grooved roller used as a component in a pulley system. ΚΠ 1409–11 Naval Acct. in B. Sandahl Middle Eng. Sea Terms (1958) II. 121 Vij Polivestokkes sanz sheves..a ij hengepolives cum les strops, a j bowespritepolive. 1756 J. McCullouch Jrnl. in K. Miller et al. Irish Immigrants in Land of Canaan (2003) 172 I did hide Welingers and Som Shafts in a holow tree..and a Wolen Reed..puley Stocks..Salt unde y^e uper berreck next y^e Corn Recks. 1910 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 7 May 18/2 (advt.) Climax differential pulley stock. † pulley-stone n. English regional (Derbyshire) Obsolete a fossil produced by the accumulation of sediment inside the stem of a crinoid, forming a cylindrical cast with successive grooves and flanges marking the joints of the stem; also called screw-stone. ΚΠ 1800 T. King Fossils: Catal. Genuine & Entire Museum Curious Subjects Nat. Hist. John Strange 5 Pulley stone, from Derbyshire. 1843 G. Mantell Jrnl. 10 July (1940) 173 Cherts with casts of entrochi (pulley stones). 1859 D. Page Handbk. Geol. Terms 306 Pulley-stones, a familiar term for the hollow casts or moulds of the joints and stems of encrinites. pulley wheel n. a grooved wheel of a pulley. ΚΠ 1665 R. Hooke Micrographia Pref., sig. e^v In a convenient place of this is fastened H a pully wheel. 1786 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 2 299 To remedy this, methinks it would be well to have a kind of large pulley wheel..over which the cable might pass. 1868 Times 10 Feb. 10/3 You could not see the pulley wheels revolving as you can in England. 1982 P. Gardner & F. Foden Foxton (BNC) (rev. ed.) 10 The basic principle of the lift is that of two balancing weights positioned on an inclined plane, and suspended by a connecting rope passing over pulley wheels. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022). pulleyn.² Brit. /ˈpʊli/, U.S. /ˈpʊli/ Forms: 1600s pully, 1700s– pulley. Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymon: French poulain. Etymology: Apparently < French poulain (see polaine n.¹), remodelled apparently as a result of confusion with pulley n.¹ There is apparently no continuity of use with earlier polaine n.¹With the semantic association of pulley n.¹ with French poulain chute or slide for unloading barrels, compare the note at polaine n.¹ The following earlier quotation shows pulley n.¹ (as shown by the reference to the pulley-rope) being used erroneously to translate the French word (the reference in French to a chute being clear from the context):1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 1st Bk. Wks. v. 26 It is a pully [Fr. un poulain]; by a pully-rope [Fr. par le poulain] wine is let down into a cellar. Now rare. A kind of slide or chute used for unloading barrels of wine or beer from a cart, lowering them into a cellar, etc. Cf. polaine n.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > brewing > [noun] > device to lower barrels polaine1295 pulley1790 1790 Act 30 Geo. III c. 53 §57 If any Person..run, roll, drive, draw..any Cask, or any Wheel or Wheels, Sledge, Brewers Pulley, Wheelbarrow, or any other Carriage..upon..the said Foot Pavements. 1830 London Med. Gaz. 5 847/1 Whilst he was employed in removing a cask of beer from off the dray,..it slipped from the pulley and struck against his right thigh. 1885 R. F. Gould Hist. Freemasonry II. xiv. 325 The centre [of the seal of the Guild of Coopers in Cologne]..has over a ground covered with vines bearing grapes..a brewer's pulley used for sliding barrels down on an incline. 1901 Law Jrnl. Rep. 70 680/2 It was necessary to attach to the tailboard of the dray a slide, or what in the trade is called a pulley, down which the cask was slid. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pulleyv. Brit. /ˈpʊli/, U.S. /ˈpʊli/ Forms: 1500s–1600s pully, 1700s– pulley. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pulley n.¹ Etymology: < pulley n.¹ Compare Middle French polier, Middle French, French poulier to hoist with a pulley (1573; 1408 in sense ‘to draw wet cloth into shape’). N.E.D. (1909) also gave a second sense ‘to furnish or fit with a pulley; to use with or work by means of a pulley’, apparently inferred from pulleyed adj. Compare also the following example of the plural form used as the verb:1725 in Burgh Rec. Glasgow (1909) 236 £1 10s. for pilliesing planks from the quier to the vyces. transitive. To raise or hoist with or as with a pulley. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > work with tools or equipment [verb (transitive)] > lifting or hoisting equipment to wind upc1275 windc1440 sling1522 crane1570 hoise1573 pulley1581 tackle1711 lewis1837 teagle1841 to jack up1853 windlass1870 whorl1886 luff1913 1581 J. Hamilton Catholik Traictise f. 15 Sa incontinent [he] vill pillie vs vp to heauin. 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 41 His hairie tuft or loue-locke he leaues on the top of his crowne, to be pulld vp, or pullied vp to heauen by. 1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. xv. 29 A Myne of White Stone..is between a White-Clay and Chalk at first, but being pullied up, with the open Air it receives a Crusty kind of hardnes. 1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 15 in Justice Vindicated These of themselves are not sufficient to pully man up to eternal happiness. 1694 R. Coke Detection Court & State Eng. I. i. iii. 81 These had only themselves to take care for, but this new Favourite had a Mother, two Brothers, and a Sister to pully up into Honours and Estates. a1754 W. Hamilton Poems & Songs (1850) 129 Beer quickens up the dead and dull, And pulleys high the heavy soul. ?1785 J. H. Moore New & Compl. Coll. Voy. & Trav. II. 784 They have a very strange way of pulleying men from one [mountain] to another. 1820 S. T. Coleridge Marginalia (1998) IV. 106 Now..lowering down Pl. and Arist. to John Locke, & now pully-ing John Locke up to Plato and Aristotle. 1853 M. Reid Boy Hunters xx. 250 He now pulleyed up the meat—until it was ten feet or more from the ground—and then fastened his rope to a log. 1953 Greeley (Colorado) Daily Tribune 6 May 1/1 The rear end of the trailer had to be pulleyed off the cowcatcher of the engine. 1995 Independent on Sunday 6 Aug. (Review Suppl.) 62/1 The twigloo was built on the ground, pulleyed into the branches and suspended between a group of trees with rope stabilisers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1357n.²1790v.1581
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pulleyn.1

Compounds

pulleyn.2

pulleyv.

pulleyn.¹

pulleyn.²