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单词 psychophysical
释义

psychophysicaladj.

Brit. /ˌsʌɪkə(ʊ)ˈfɪzᵻkl/, U.S. /ˌsaɪkəˈfɪzᵻk(ə)l/
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on German lexical items. Etymons: psycho- comb. form, physical adj.
Etymology: < psycho- comb. form + physical adj., originally after German psychisch-physisch (1845 in the passage translated in quot. 1847), in later use after German psychophysisch (see psychophysic adj.). Compare psychophysic adj. and the foreign-language forms cited at that entry.
Of or relating to psychophysics; of or involving (the relationship between) the mental and the physical.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > psychology > experimental psychology > [adjective]
physico-psychicala1832
psychosomatica1834
psychophysiological1839
physico-mental1844
psychophysical1847
physico-psychological1855
physiopsychological1872
psychophysic1883
physiopsychic1890
psychophysiologic1898
mind-body1907
physiopsychologic1932
1847 H. E. Lloyd & B. G. Babington tr. E. von Feuchtersleben Princ. Med. Psychol. iii. 151 Habit, likewise, greatly modifies the psycho-physical [Ger. psychisch-physischen] character.
1872 Westm. Rev. 42 188 Fechner's law..embodies and illustrates the law of relativity; but it has a psycho-physical value over and above this.
1886 E. Gurney et al. Phantasms of Living I. Introd. 43 Artificial displacements of the psycho-physical threshold.
1941 M. Cowley Let. 22 Feb. in Sel. Corr. K. Burke & M. Cowley (1988) 242 I'm more and more convinced of the hypothesis of psychophysical parallelism embodied in what is known as psychosomatic medicine.
1989 C. R. Legg Issues in Psychobiol. (BNC) 13 The psychophysical approach forces you to develop a model of how the system, in this instance the mechanisms of colour discrimination, might work.
2004 Q Sept. 167/1 There's more to yoga than munching lentils and assuming the lotus position—it's a psycho-physical discipline that can help with physical and mental well-being.

Compounds

psychophysical isomorphism n. now rare or historical a theory postulating a direct correspondence between mental and physical processes.
ΚΠ
1932 B. Petermann Gestalt Theory ii. iii. 110 He commences with a general leading principle, that of psychophysical isomorphism. This is the assumption that a co-ordination exists between the domain of the experiences and that of the physiological processes..and that it is a co-ordination in the sense of congruence or isomorphism in regard to their systematic properties.
1942 W. Koehler Dynamics in Psychol. ii. 43 If an experience A may vary in a specific way, its correlate α must be capable of corresponding variations. When consistently applied, this point of view leads to the principle of psychophysical isomorphism.
1986 L. C. Robinson in T. J. Knapp & L. C. Robinson Approaches to Cognition 183 Although the theoretical notions of psychophysiological isomorphism have not survived, psychophysical isomorphism is a viable alternative.
psychophysical law n. [after German psychophysisches Gesetz (G. T. Fechner 1858: see psychophysic adj.)] a law expressing the relationship between a change of intensity in a sensory stimulus and the resulting change in the intensity of the sensation; cf. Fechner n.
ΚΠ
1872 Westm. Rev. 42 177 As a result of experiments according to all these three methods, Fechner arrives at what he calls a general ‘psycho-physical law’, and also ‘Weber's law’.
1927 L. Berman Relig. called Behaviorism 92 This conception has enabled Köhler to deduce the famous psychophysical law of Weber which asserts that when a present stimulus is perceived as just different from a past stimulus of like nature, the value of the past stimulus has been increased or decreased by an amount which represents a constant fraction or percentage of it.
1999 Philos. Sci. 66 375 Once functional organization and the physical and psychophysical laws are fixed, all facts about consciousness are fixed.
psychophysical method n. a method for investigating the effects of changes in the intensity of a sensory stimulus on the intensity of the resulting sensation.
ΚΠ
1888 Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. 1 310 This research..proves the extreme intricacy of the psychophysical method.
1936 C. A. Ruckmick Psychol. Feeling & Emotion xii. 376 It was her purpose by this sort of a modification of the classical psychophysical method of limits to establish a criterion of the comic element. A German dachshund might thus become gradually lengthened or shortened until the most comical effect was reached.
2000 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 8069/1 We have used simple psychophysical methods to determine the sites of color-generating mechanisms in the brain.
psychophysical movement n. Obsolete rare. a hypothetical activity postulated to explain a discrepancy between the increase in intensity of a sensory stimulus and that of the resulting sensation.
ΚΠ
1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II. 404/2 Psychophysical movement, a hypothetical activity assumed by Fechner to explain the discrepancy between the increase of the stimulus and that of the sensation. This movement is between a hypothetical tertium quid and the stimulus on one side, and between it and the sensation on the other.
psychophysical parallelism n. [compare German psychophysischer Parallelismus (1892 or earlier)] now chiefly historical a theory stating that mental and physical processes occur in parallel, without assuming any causative connection between them.
ΚΠ
1891 Mind 16 396 He has..a sneaking fondness for the old-fashioned ‘soul’ in psychology, and..he is not going to let any new-fangled ideas of psycho-physical parallelism displace it.
1956 J. O. Urmson Philos. Anal. ii. vii. 110 One [metaphysician] advocates psycho-physical parallelism, the other interactionism.
1989 R. C. Rothschild Emerging Religion of Sci. vii. 122 Leibnitz..leaned toward a psychophysical parallelism according to which, although the mind and body pursue separate courses, they are always in keeping with each other.

Derivatives

ˌpsychoˈphysically adv. as regards psychophysics; by psychophysical means.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > psychology > experimental psychology > [adverb]
psychophysically1847
psychophysiologically1892
psychosomatically1923
1847 H. E. Lloyd & B. G. Babington tr. E. von Feuchtersleben Princ. Med. Psychol. v. 307 The so-called proximate cause of idiocy can..be no other than a psycho-physically [Ger. in psychisch-physischer Beziehung] impeded or depressed vital process.
1941 Jrnl. Criminal Law & Criminol. 32 366 We do not know exactly why one person psychophysically infantile becomes an exhibitionist and the other becomes a pedophile.
1992 Pixel Mar. 38/1 There may well be compositional forms of the two-dimensional image that would psycho-physically look like the physical model.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.1847
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