prunoidn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈpruːnɔɪd/, U.S.

/ˈpruˌnɔɪd/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin prūnum , -oid suffix.

Etymology: < classical Latin prūnum plum (see prune n.) + -oid suffix.In senses A. 2 and B. 2 after scientific Latin Prunoideae, botanical subfamily name (W. O. Focke in H. Engler & K. Prantl Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien (1894) III. iii. v. 50). With sense B. 1 compare scientific Latin Prunoidea , former zoological suborder name (Haeckel, in the work cited in quot. 1887 at sense B. 1).

A. n.

†1. Mathematics. A closed curve similar to a cardioid, resembling a plum in shape. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1880 L. G. Barbour in Analyst 7 21 The singular resemblance of this curve to a section of peach or plum inclusive of the seed suggests the name of Prunoid or Plum Curve. [Note] In the equation of the Prunoid, I originally introduced the constant a.

2. Botany. A plant of the subfamily Prunoideae (also called Amygdaloideae) (family Rosaceae), comprising flowering plants and trees and including the plum and almond.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > rosaceous plants > [noun]

rosewort1845

flax-worts1846

prunoid1953

1953 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 80 460 As is true of the ovaries of all prunoids and of many Rosaceae, two anatropous..ovules..are attached about halfway up the ovary.

1964 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 51 711/2 The trend of wing bundle–ovular bundle fusion in phylogeny is not as well documented as it is in the prunoids.

1992 Jrnl. Amer. Oil Chemists' Soc. 69 1224 The main fatty acids found in the seeds of cherry and other prunoids were linoleic (L), oleic (O) and palmitic acids.

B. adj.

1. Zoology. Designating or relating to a type of radiolarian (of the order Spumellaria) having a skeleton in the form of an ellipsoidal lattice (formerly classified in a suborder Prunoidea). Now rare.

ΚΠ

1887 E. Haeckel in Rep. Sci. Results Voy. H.M.S. Challenger: Zool. XVIII. I. p. lxxx The ‘lattice-ellipsoids’ or Prunoid skeletons have arisen from the lattice-spheres or Sphæroid skeletons by more energetic growth and elongation of one axis.

1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 875 A lattice-shell,..in shape spherical, ellipsoidal (prunoid), discoidal [etc.].

2005 Jrnl. Micropalaeontol. 24 98/1 In more recent years the term prunoid has tended to be used in a purely informal way..to refer to radiolarians of a general ellipsoid or slightly flattened ellipsoidal shape and not readily assignable to other categories.

2. Botany. Of or relating to the subfamily Prunoideae (family Rosaceae) of flowering plants and trees.

ΚΠ

1963 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 50 695/1 He [sc. Juel] emphasized that other prunoid genera also display an independent obdurator as a noteworthy feature.

1971 New Phytologist 70 369 In prunoid fruits like peaches..and almonds, rapid fruit ripening is associated with poor embryo development.

1991 Systematic Bot. 16 314 This typologically modal form is broadly similar to both the spiraeoid and prunoid flower.

Derivatives

pruˈnoidean adj. †(a) Zoology = sense B. 1 (obsolete rare); (b) Botany = sense B. 2 (rare).Sense (a) is apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. at Prunoidea Prunoidean.

1953 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 80 457 Comparative structure and development of the Prunoidean drupe was first described by Cave (1869).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	prunoid
释义	prunoidn.adj. Brit. /ˈpruːnɔɪd/, U.S. /ˈpruˌnɔɪd/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin prūnum , -oid suffix. Etymology: < classical Latin prūnum plum (see prune n.) + -oid suffix.In senses A. 2 and B. 2 after scientific Latin Prunoideae, botanical subfamily name (W. O. Focke in H. Engler & K. Prantl Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien (1894) III. iii. v. 50). With sense B. 1 compare scientific Latin Prunoidea , former zoological suborder name (Haeckel, in the work cited in quot. 1887 at sense B. 1). A. n. †1. Mathematics. A closed curve similar to a cardioid, resembling a plum in shape. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1880 L. G. Barbour in Analyst 7 21 The singular resemblance of this curve to a section of peach or plum inclusive of the seed suggests the name of Prunoid or Plum Curve. [Note] In the equation of the Prunoid, I originally introduced the constant a. 2. Botany. A plant of the subfamily Prunoideae (also called Amygdaloideae) (family Rosaceae), comprising flowering plants and trees and including the plum and almond. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > rosaceous plants > [noun] rosewort1845 flax-worts1846 prunoid1953 1953 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 80 460 As is true of the ovaries of all prunoids and of many Rosaceae, two anatropous..ovules..are attached about halfway up the ovary. 1964 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 51 711/2 The trend of wing bundle–ovular bundle fusion in phylogeny is not as well documented as it is in the prunoids. 1992 Jrnl. Amer. Oil Chemists' Soc. 69 1224 The main fatty acids found in the seeds of cherry and other prunoids were linoleic (L), oleic (O) and palmitic acids. B. adj. 1. Zoology. Designating or relating to a type of radiolarian (of the order Spumellaria) having a skeleton in the form of an ellipsoidal lattice (formerly classified in a suborder Prunoidea). Now rare. ΚΠ 1887 E. Haeckel in Rep. Sci. Results Voy. H.M.S. Challenger: Zool. XVIII. I. p. lxxx The ‘lattice-ellipsoids’ or Prunoid skeletons have arisen from the lattice-spheres or Sphæroid skeletons by more energetic growth and elongation of one axis. 1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 875 A lattice-shell,..in shape spherical, ellipsoidal (prunoid), discoidal [etc.]. 2005 Jrnl. Micropalaeontol. 24 98/1 In more recent years the term prunoid has tended to be used in a purely informal way..to refer to radiolarians of a general ellipsoid or slightly flattened ellipsoidal shape and not readily assignable to other categories. 2. Botany. Of or relating to the subfamily Prunoideae (family Rosaceae) of flowering plants and trees. ΚΠ 1963 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 50 695/1 He [sc. Juel] emphasized that other prunoid genera also display an independent obdurator as a noteworthy feature. 1971 New Phytologist 70 369 In prunoid fruits like peaches..and almonds, rapid fruit ripening is associated with poor embryo development. 1991 Systematic Bot. 16 314 This typologically modal form is broadly similar to both the spiraeoid and prunoid flower. Derivatives pruˈnoidean adj. †(a) Zoology = sense B. 1 (obsolete rare); (b) Botany = sense B. 2 (rare).Sense (a) is apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. at Prunoidea Prunoidean. 1953 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 80 457 Comparative structure and development of the Prunoidean drupe was first described by Cave (1869). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1880
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