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单词 psychograph
释义

psychographn.

Brit. /ˈsʌɪkə(ʊ)ɡrɑːf/, /ˈsʌɪkə(ʊ)ɡraf/, U.S. /ˈsaɪkəˌɡræf/
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: psycho- comb. form, -graph comb. form.
Etymology: < psycho- comb. form + -graph comb. form. In sense 3 after psychography n. Compare psychogram n.
1.
a. An instrument which aims to represent the faculties or qualities of the human mind graphically, using slides. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1821 J. Jennings Family Cycl. I. xxiv. s.v. The Psychograph..may be either a metal plate or wood frame, with ten slides, each slide representing a faculty or quality, or the germ of it, of a human being at birth.
b. = psychogram n. 2. Also in extended use.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > psychology > psychology of personality > testing of personality > [noun] > graphic result
psychogram1897
psychograph1909
profile1914
1909 Q. Rev. Oct. 500 This is no caricature, but almost a psychograph of the spirit which permeates many if not most of the descriptive reports of cricket matches in popular sporting papers.
1921 Education 41 513 A character psychograph of the individual is obtained.
1932 C. Landis in K. S. Lashley Stud. in Dynamics of Behaviour 299 In order to visualize more clearly the results of the tests, three psychographs were drawn to represent the performance of each subject.
2000 R. Dawis in W. E. Martin & J. L. Swartz-Kulstad Person-environment Psychol. v. 94 A psychograph was a graphic presentation of (a) a list of relevant person characteristics (e.g., physical and mental abilities, special aptitudes, education and training, specific vocational skills) and (b) ratings of each characteristic made on some scale.
2. Any of several devices intended to examine or measure a person's mental processes or emotional responses. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > specific measuring or recording > [noun] > specific measuring or recording instruments
pelvimeter1779
labimeter1785
pulmometer1814
neurometer1818
cardiometer1827
pneumatometer1832
lithometer1842
urinometer1843
spirometer1846
labidometer1848
paedometer1848
stethometer1850
pneumometer1853
psychograph1854
aesthesiometer1857
stethogoniometer1858
respirometer1859
anapnometer1860
chest-measurer1862
cardiograph1866
cyrtometer1867
myograph1867
myographion1867
pneumograph1868
anapnograph1870
polygraph1871
pneumatograph1874
pelycometer1875
baraesthesiometer1876
stetho-cardiograph1876
stethograph1876
haemocytometer1877
tambour1877
thoracometer1877
audiometer1879
tropometer1881
inspirometer1882
oncograph1882
oncometer1882
septometer1882
kinesimeter1885
pneograph1888
kinaesthesiometer1890
parturiometer1890
pneometer1890
spirograph1890
tonograph1890
pelvigraph1892
phrenograph1893
profilometer1895
calibrator1900
tremograph1904
urinopyknometer1905
adaptometer1907
phonoscope1908
electrocardiograph1910
phonocardiograph1913
arthrometer1918
pneumotachograph1926
cystometer1927
cardiotachometer1928
encephalograph1934
electroencephalograph1935
ballistocardiograph1938
phonoelectrocardioscope1942
electromyograph1944
pupillograph1951
statometer1957
pneumotach1961
magnetocardiograph1963
1854 O. Meredith Let. 13 Feb. in Lett. to R. & E. B. Browning (1936) 65 Among the Patents lately issued..is one to a German of the name of Wagner, for an instrument or machine which he calls a Psychograph and which is to enable the possessor of it, by means of Electro-magnetism, to read the thoughts of others!
1899 A. MacDonald Exper. Study Children xxi.1164 The psychograph is a new apparatus for the study of trembling. The instrument..was designed by Professor Sommer, of Griesen, Germany.
1938 Jrnl. Criminal Law & Criminol. 29 289 Father Summers in his self-styled psychograph or pathometer employs only an instrument for recording the psycho-galvanic reaction of the skin.
2002 Contra Costa Times (Calif.) (Nexis) 10 Feb. a24 McCoy already has taught museum staff members how to operate the antique ‘psychograph’, a contraption that..deduces a patient's personality from reading the bumps on the head, then suggests suitable careers, from actor to zeppelin attendant.
3. Chiefly Spiritualism. A photographic or photograph-like image attributed to a supernatural or spiritualistic cause. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > the paranormal > [noun] > production of photographic image > image produced
psychograph1878
thoughtograph1931
the world > the supernatural > the occult > spiritualism > [noun] > spirit-writing > message
psychograph1878
psychogram1893
autoscript1897
1870 Overland Monthly July 89/1 We photographed forever upon our longing memories the multitudinous grandeurs and the unspeakable beauties of that incomparable valley. Then, quickly closing our eyes, that the spiritual operator within might the more surely fix the marvelous psychograph, we slowly betook ourselves to the forest trail.]
1878 ‘M. A. Oxon.’ Psychography 22 He..obtained his..Psychographs by the simple process of putting blank paper on the table of his room.
1920 London Mag. July 443/1 Most puzzling of all forms of super-normal pictures is the psychograph—so-called because it is assumed to be psychic in its origin and production.
1939 H. Price Fifty Years Psychical Res. i. 35 If a message in writing or a drawing spontaneously appears on a photographic plate, with or without it being exposed in the camera it is known as a scotograph or a psychograph.
1973 D. A. Spencer Focal Dict. Photogr. Technol. 496 All available evidence suggests that these psychographs were fakes or the result of a combination of chemical fog and wishful thinking.
2001 J. Nickell Real-life X-Files xlii. 260 David Duguid expanded his repertoire from spirit paintings to spirit photographs and even ‘psychographs’ (supposedly noncamera spirit or psychic photos).
4. = psychobiography n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > psychology > interdisciplinary psychology > [noun] > psychohistory > applied to biography > instance of
psychobiography1885
psychograph1916
society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > narrative or story > biography > [noun] > types of biography > psychobiography
psychobiography1885
psychograph1916
1916 G. Bradford Union Portraits p. x The best name for the product of the psychographer's art is ‘psychographs’. But ‘portraits’ has the sanction of high authority and example.
1932 Sunday Times 6 Mar. 8/2 It was with some anxiety I saw Dame Una Pope-Hennessy was committed to writing a psychograph of Walter Scott.
1974 Times Lit. Suppl. 11 Oct. 1130/3 Wilson's penetrating psychograph, ‘The Two Scrooges’, coincided with George Orwell's revaluation in focusing upon a great novelist whose very popularity had caused him to be critically neglected.
1996 German Q. 69 250/2 Tales of conversion should be seen not as reliable psychographs, but rather as ritualized, dramatic spectacle.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1821
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