pulkan.

Brit.

/ˈpʊlkə/, U.S.

/ˈpʊlkə/

Forms: 1700s– pulcha, 1700s– pulka, 1700s– pulkha, 1900s– pulkka.

Origin: A borrowing from Finnish. Etymon: Finnish pulkka.

Etymology: < Finnish pulkka very small sledge; compare Saami pulkke sledge in which there is a cover for the feet. Compare pulk n.⁴ J. A. Friis Lexicon Lapponicum I. (1885) 97/1 gives the Saami word as bulkke, bulke. N.E.D. (1909) gives the pronunciation as (pɒ·lkă) /ˈpʌlkə/.

A Lapp one-person travelling-sledge shaped like the front half of a boat, typically drawn by a single reindeer. Also: a small carrying-sledge with a rigid harness, to be pulled by a person or dog.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on runners > [noun] > for transport of people

sled1590

sledge1617

traineau1653

sleigh1703

pulka1746

booby-hutch1766

Tom Pung1799

cutter1803

pung1804

kibitka1806

booby-hack1820

pulk1831

booby1841

sleigh-cutter1846

clipper-sled1883

1746 Gentleman's Mag. Mar. 131/1 They take pulkas drawn by rain-deer, and send back the horses.

1768 T. Smollett Present State All Nations I. 205 This sledge, called pulkha, is made in the form of a small boat, with a convex bottom, that it may slide the more easily over the snow.

1790 W. Crakelt Entick's New Spelling Dict. (rev. ed.) 345 Pulkha, a Laplander's, &c. travelling sledge.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Geogr. 35 Confined in one of those carriages or pulkhas.

1808 E. Sleath Bristol Heiress I. 177 No rein-deer bids her pulkha fly.

1881 P. B. Du Chaillu Land Midnight Sun II. 79 Numerous pulkas..were scattered around.

1952 Chambers's Jrnl. Jan. 33/2 In a trice he had put on her gay red-and-blue harness and fastened the traces to a pulkha, the canoe-like little sledge of north-east Lapland.

1960 G. Taylor Mortlake iii. i. 130 A reindeer drawing a small boat-shaped sledge called a pulkka.

1969 Guardian 31 July 3/4 All our equipment..we pull behind us on pulka sledges..made of wood.

1988 Skiing Oct. 23/1 Cross-country refers..to extended treks across uninhabited wilderness, often as a family outing with Mum or Dad hauling offspring in ‘pulkas’.

1998 Independent (Nexis) 13 Sept. 4 Nearing the end of the expedition [sc. the first all-female expedition to the North Pole], Victoria writes ‘Mum had a major wobbly when I led two pulkas over a crack.’

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pulka
释义	pulkan. Brit. /ˈpʊlkə/, U.S. /ˈpʊlkə/ Forms: 1700s– pulcha, 1700s– pulka, 1700s– pulkha, 1900s– pulkka. Origin: A borrowing from Finnish. Etymon: Finnish pulkka. Etymology: < Finnish pulkka very small sledge; compare Saami pulkke sledge in which there is a cover for the feet. Compare pulk n.⁴ J. A. Friis Lexicon Lapponicum I. (1885) 97/1 gives the Saami word as bulkke, bulke. N.E.D. (1909) gives the pronunciation as (pɒ·lkă) /ˈpʌlkə/. A Lapp one-person travelling-sledge shaped like the front half of a boat, typically drawn by a single reindeer. Also: a small carrying-sledge with a rigid harness, to be pulled by a person or dog. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on runners > [noun] > for transport of people sled1590 sledge1617 traineau1653 sleigh1703 pulka1746 booby-hutch1766 Tom Pung1799 cutter1803 pung1804 kibitka1806 booby-hack1820 pulk1831 booby1841 sleigh-cutter1846 clipper-sled1883 1746 Gentleman's Mag. Mar. 131/1 They take pulkas drawn by rain-deer, and send back the horses. 1768 T. Smollett Present State All Nations I. 205 This sledge, called pulkha, is made in the form of a small boat, with a convex bottom, that it may slide the more easily over the snow. 1790 W. Crakelt Entick's New Spelling Dict. (rev. ed.) 345 Pulkha, a Laplander's, &c. travelling sledge. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Geogr. 35 Confined in one of those carriages or pulkhas. 1808 E. Sleath Bristol Heiress I. 177 No rein-deer bids her pulkha fly. 1881 P. B. Du Chaillu Land Midnight Sun II. 79 Numerous pulkas..were scattered around. 1952 Chambers's Jrnl. Jan. 33/2 In a trice he had put on her gay red-and-blue harness and fastened the traces to a pulkha, the canoe-like little sledge of north-east Lapland. 1960 G. Taylor Mortlake iii. i. 130 A reindeer drawing a small boat-shaped sledge called a pulkka. 1969 Guardian 31 July 3/4 All our equipment..we pull behind us on pulka sledges..made of wood. 1988 Skiing Oct. 23/1 Cross-country refers..to extended treks across uninhabited wilderness, often as a family outing with Mum or Dad hauling offspring in ‘pulkas’. 1998 Independent (Nexis) 13 Sept. 4 Nearing the end of the expedition [sc. the first all-female expedition to the North Pole], Victoria writes ‘Mum had a major wobbly when I led two pulkas over a crack.’ This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1746
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