providentadj.

Brit.

/ˈprɒvᵻd(ə)nt/, U.S.

/ˈprɑvəd(ə)nt/,

/ˈprɑvəˌdɛnt/

Forms: late Middle English prouydent, late Middle English provydent, late Middle English–1600s prouident, late Middle English– provident, 1500s prowident (Scottish), 1500s–1600s prouidente.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin prōvident-, prōvidēns.

Etymology: < classical Latin prōvident-, prōvidēns exercising foresight, careful, prudent, use as adjective of present participle of prōvidēre provide v. Compare Middle French, French provident (1262 in an apparently isolated attestation in Old French, subsequently from 1524; chiefly with reference to God), Spanish providente (second half of the 15th cent.), Italian †provvidente (c1260).

a. That exercises or is characterized by foresight; that makes provision for the future.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > provident foresight, prudence > [adjective]

purveyable?a1425

pensivec1425

providenta1450

provide?a1475

purveyanta1500

prospective1581

prospecting1602

provisional1603

providentiala1646

provisionary1647

prospicient1654

provisive1677

forethoughtful1809

far-seeing1837

provisory1843

a1450 (c1435) J. Lydgate Life SS. Edmund & Fremund (Harl.) l. 1410 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 438 (MED) Baldewynus..Gretly expert in crafft off medycyne, Ful prouydent off counsayl and ryht wys..To seynt Edward he was phesecien.

a1456 tr. Secreta Secret. (Marmaduke, Ashm. 59) (1977) 208 (MED) Þy so noble tryvmphes, conquestes, and victories in þy werres..beon acheved offt syþes by provident and honurable acquestes.

a1500 Legend of Cross in Medium Ævum (1965) 34 218 (MED) Bi divyne vertu, whiche is alwey provident [L. prouida] and neuer failith nor shal be failed, areised tho roddis in the cisterne.

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke vi. 67 b He is like to a prouident and circumspect builder, that buildeth his house, nor for a vain braggue or shewe onely.

1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. ii. sig. N2 Those who ordeining new & extraordinary imposts and paiments are thought to bee couetous, deserue rather to be counted prouident and wise.

c1625 J. Smith Hist. Bermudaes (1882) 13 The wisest and most prouident among them bestowed a curious search for water.

1663 R. Boyle Some Considerations Usefulnesse Exper. Nat. Philos. i. ii. 50 By Solomon God sends the Sluggard to school to the Ant, to learn a provident Industry.

1701 M. Pix Czar of Muscovy iii. ii. 34 To provide against the worst, it is Success in all such Undertakings that justifies the Action, and should we miss of ours.., our provident Foresight will then be useful to us.

1783 E. Burke Rep. Select Comm. Justice in Bengal, Bahar & Orissa in Parl. Papers VI. 577 The order..was (for its matter) provident and well considered.

1847 F. Marryat Children of New Forest II. vii. 146 It was fortunate that Humphrey had been so provident in making so large a quantity of hay.

1874 L. C. Moulton Some Women's Hearts vii. 77 She found the provident care of Captain Ellis had extended farther than she knew.

1927 V. Bell Let. 23 Apr. in Sel. Lett. (1993) vi. 313 My suspender broke and had it not been for my provident habit of carrying a supply of safety pins with me, I should have had an awkward day of it.

1999 F. W. Marks Brief for Belief v. 107 The Catholic position..recognizes God as a loving, provident father.

b. Also with capital initial. Designating an organization with which money is invested or deposited (esp. by a workforce) to provide for future needs, or one which provides life, sickness, unemployment, or medical insurance. Also: designating the money paid out from such a scheme, or the scheme itself. Cf. Compounds.

ΚΠ

1802 Edinb. Weekly Jrnl. 11 Aug. 251/3 They impose on me a duty to establish the system of the laws on provident institutions.

1895 Econ. Jrnl. 5 612 The first of a cluster of measures designed to provide for the working men of Germany everything that could be either required or desired in the way of provident insurance.

1931 Pacific Affairs 4 709 The national provident benefits (a Government-subsidized contributory pension scheme) is open to residents without restriction.

1967 P. Willmott Consumer's Guide Brit. Social Services vi. 158 Financial help towards the cost of private treatment is provided by several provident associations.

1995 J. Barclay Paras over the Barras (2002) v. 69 Wullie was awed! Fingers didn't get that lot with a Provident Cheque, he thought.

2. Economical in the management of resources; frugal, thrifty. Also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > retaining > sparingness or frugality > [adjective] > thrifty or economical > for the future

provident1596

forehanded1650

1596 Bp. W. Barlow tr. L. Lavater Three Christian Serm. iii. 133 Let the poore be prouident in a plentifull haruest [L. Meminerint pauperes..rem familiarem diligenter administrent].

1655 Bp. J. Taylor Guide Devot. (1719) 54 Thou wilt be more provident of thy Time and of thy Talent.

1684 B. Keach Progress of Sin xii. 232 Alas, I have taught many how to live in these hard times, and to be provident.

1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Palamon & Arcite iii, in Fables 68 A Prince so gracious and so good, So just, and yet so provident of Blood!

1743 J. Bulkeley & J. Cummins Voy. to South-seas 124 If we are not exceedingly provident in Regard to serving out Provisions, we must all inevitably starve.

1789 W. H. Brown Power of Sympathy xix. 87 I am now more provident of my passion, and never suffer the excursion of fancy.

1810 M. Brunton Self-Control xv. 290 I must share his precarious sustenance—hereafter I shall be more provident.

1888 F. Hume Madame Midas i. iii. 31 He will always be poor, because he never was a provident man.

1938 E. Bowen Death of Heart ii. iii. 214 Money goes further when you do not break into silver, and any provident person baulks at changing a note.

1979 M. Cunningham & J. Laber Fannie Farmer Cookbk. (ed. 12) 76 It makes you feel so provident to use up all those scraps.

2005 Daily Mail (Nexis) 6 Oct. 14 A thrifty, provident race of douce, Presbyterian rectitude.

Compounds

provident club n. (also with capital initials) = friendly society n. at friendly adj. and n. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > insurance > [noun] > insurance association or friendly society

Rechabite1637

friendly society1684

provident society1771

provident club1797

benefit-society1801

benefit-club1812

burial-society1812

ménage1815

burial club1848

forestry1861

tontine1871

shepherdry1900

approved society1911

1797 Monthly Mag. July 4/2 (heading) Hints respecting provident clubs or friendly societies.

1897 Bristol Times & Mirror 17 June 3/7 They had attempted with some success to establish provident clubs or dispensaries in different parts of London.

1968 A. Bryant Hist. Brit. United Provident Assoc. 2 During the 'twenties and 'thirties many Provident Clubs became linked with particular hospitals.

2003 Scotsman (Nexis) 24 Feb. 12 One theme dear to his heart was the notion of savings or provident clubs even for those on the most modest incomes.

provident fund n. (also with capital initials) Finance a fund into which money is deposited or invested to provide for future needs; esp. (now chiefly in South and South-East Asia and parts of Africa) a (statutory) investment fund contributed to by individuals, their employers, and (sometimes) the state, out of which a lump sum is provided to each person at retirement; the money so provided.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > funds or pecuniary resources > [noun] > set apart for a purpose > for other purposes

alms purse1530

privy purse1565

sinking fund1717

stakea1744

pension fund1757

spare-chest1769

road fund1784

revolving fund1793

community chest1796

provident fund1817

sustentation fund1837

wages-fund1848

slush fund1874

treasury chest fund1877

fall money1883

jackpot1884

provision1895

war chest1901

juice1935

fighting fund1940

structural fund1967

appeal fund1976

1817 Times 21 Feb. 2/5 (signature of letter) A manager of a provident fund.

1870 J. C. Hotten Charles Dickens xviii. 62/2 The leading feature was the ‘Provident Fund’, to be composed of moneys deposited by the authors themselves, when they were in a position to be able to lay by something.

1938 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 46 196 Unit labor costs [in South African gold mining] have risen slightly as a result of increases in annual contributions to..the European Employees Provident Fund.

1997 A. Roy God of Small Things (1998) ii. 57 He commuted his pension and provident fund to buy a Bharat bottle-sealing machine.

provident society n. (also with capital initials) = friendly society n. at friendly adj. and n. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > insurance > [noun] > insurance association or friendly society

Rechabite1637

friendly society1684

provident society1771

provident club1797

benefit-society1801

benefit-club1812

burial-society1812

ménage1815

burial club1848

forestry1861

tontine1871

shepherdry1900

approved society1911

1771 W. Parker Observ. on Reversionary Payments 113 The Provident Society for the benefit of age promises an annuity of 25l. to a person now 40, after attaining to 50.

1869 Bradshaw's Railway Man. 21 App. 98 The United Kingdom Railway Officers' and Servants' Association, and Railway Provident Society.

1994 Leisure Managem. Sept. 30/1 A transfer of services to an industrial and provident society, owned by its staff.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	provident
释义	providentadj. Brit. /ˈprɒvᵻd(ə)nt/, U.S. /ˈprɑvəd(ə)nt/, /ˈprɑvəˌdɛnt/ Forms: late Middle English prouydent, late Middle English provydent, late Middle English–1600s prouident, late Middle English– provident, 1500s prowident (Scottish), 1500s–1600s prouidente. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin prōvident-, prōvidēns. Etymology: < classical Latin prōvident-, prōvidēns exercising foresight, careful, prudent, use as adjective of present participle of prōvidēre provide v. Compare Middle French, French provident (1262 in an apparently isolated attestation in Old French, subsequently from 1524; chiefly with reference to God), Spanish providente (second half of the 15th cent.), Italian †provvidente (c1260). 1. a. That exercises or is characterized by foresight; that makes provision for the future. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > provident foresight, prudence > [adjective] purveyable?a1425 pensivec1425 providenta1450 provide?a1475 purveyanta1500 prospective1581 prospecting1602 provisional1603 providentiala1646 provisionary1647 prospicient1654 provisive1677 forethoughtful1809 far-seeing1837 provisory1843 a1450 (c1435) J. Lydgate Life SS. Edmund & Fremund (Harl.) l. 1410 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 438 (MED) Baldewynus..Gretly expert in crafft off medycyne, Ful prouydent off counsayl and ryht wys..To seynt Edward he was phesecien. a1456 tr. Secreta Secret. (Marmaduke, Ashm. 59) (1977) 208 (MED) Þy so noble tryvmphes, conquestes, and victories in þy werres..beon acheved offt syþes by provident and honurable acquestes. a1500 Legend of Cross in Medium Ævum (1965) 34 218 (MED) Bi divyne vertu, whiche is alwey provident [L. prouida] and neuer failith nor shal be failed, areised tho roddis in the cisterne. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke vi. 67 b He is like to a prouident and circumspect builder, that buildeth his house, nor for a vain braggue or shewe onely. 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. ii. sig. N2 Those who ordeining new & extraordinary imposts and paiments are thought to bee couetous, deserue rather to be counted prouident and wise. c1625 J. Smith Hist. Bermudaes (1882) 13 The wisest and most prouident among them bestowed a curious search for water. 1663 R. Boyle Some Considerations Usefulnesse Exper. Nat. Philos. i. ii. 50 By Solomon God sends the Sluggard to school to the Ant, to learn a provident Industry. 1701 M. Pix Czar of Muscovy iii. ii. 34 To provide against the worst, it is Success in all such Undertakings that justifies the Action, and should we miss of ours.., our provident Foresight will then be useful to us. 1783 E. Burke Rep. Select Comm. Justice in Bengal, Bahar & Orissa in Parl. Papers VI. 577 The order..was (for its matter) provident and well considered. 1847 F. Marryat Children of New Forest II. vii. 146 It was fortunate that Humphrey had been so provident in making so large a quantity of hay. 1874 L. C. Moulton Some Women's Hearts vii. 77 She found the provident care of Captain Ellis had extended farther than she knew. 1927 V. Bell Let. 23 Apr. in Sel. Lett. (1993) vi. 313 My suspender broke and had it not been for my provident habit of carrying a supply of safety pins with me, I should have had an awkward day of it. 1999 F. W. Marks Brief for Belief v. 107 The Catholic position..recognizes God as a loving, provident father. b. Also with capital initial. Designating an organization with which money is invested or deposited (esp. by a workforce) to provide for future needs, or one which provides life, sickness, unemployment, or medical insurance. Also: designating the money paid out from such a scheme, or the scheme itself. Cf. Compounds. ΚΠ 1802 Edinb. Weekly Jrnl. 11 Aug. 251/3 They impose on me a duty to establish the system of the laws on provident institutions. 1895 Econ. Jrnl. 5 612 The first of a cluster of measures designed to provide for the working men of Germany everything that could be either required or desired in the way of provident insurance. 1931 Pacific Affairs 4 709 The national provident benefits (a Government-subsidized contributory pension scheme) is open to residents without restriction. 1967 P. Willmott Consumer's Guide Brit. Social Services vi. 158 Financial help towards the cost of private treatment is provided by several provident associations. 1995 J. Barclay Paras over the Barras (2002) v. 69 Wullie was awed! Fingers didn't get that lot with a Provident Cheque, he thought. 2. Economical in the management of resources; frugal, thrifty. Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > retaining > sparingness or frugality > [adjective] > thrifty or economical > for the future provident1596 forehanded1650 1596 Bp. W. Barlow tr. L. Lavater Three Christian Serm. iii. 133 Let the poore be prouident in a plentifull haruest [L. Meminerint pauperes..rem familiarem diligenter administrent]. 1655 Bp. J. Taylor Guide Devot. (1719) 54 Thou wilt be more provident of thy Time and of thy Talent. 1684 B. Keach Progress of Sin xii. 232 Alas, I have taught many how to live in these hard times, and to be provident. 1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Palamon & Arcite iii, in Fables 68 A Prince so gracious and so good, So just, and yet so provident of Blood! 1743 J. Bulkeley & J. Cummins Voy. to South-seas 124 If we are not exceedingly provident in Regard to serving out Provisions, we must all inevitably starve. 1789 W. H. Brown Power of Sympathy xix. 87 I am now more provident of my passion, and never suffer the excursion of fancy. 1810 M. Brunton Self-Control xv. 290 I must share his precarious sustenance—hereafter I shall be more provident. 1888 F. Hume Madame Midas i. iii. 31 He will always be poor, because he never was a provident man. 1938 E. Bowen Death of Heart ii. iii. 214 Money goes further when you do not break into silver, and any provident person baulks at changing a note. 1979 M. Cunningham & J. Laber Fannie Farmer Cookbk. (ed. 12) 76 It makes you feel so provident to use up all those scraps. 2005 Daily Mail (Nexis) 6 Oct. 14 A thrifty, provident race of douce, Presbyterian rectitude. Compounds provident club n. (also with capital initials) = friendly society n. at friendly adj. and n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > insurance > [noun] > insurance association or friendly society Rechabite1637 friendly society1684 provident society1771 provident club1797 benefit-society1801 benefit-club1812 burial-society1812 ménage1815 burial club1848 forestry1861 tontine1871 shepherdry1900 approved society1911 1797 Monthly Mag. July 4/2 (heading) Hints respecting provident clubs or friendly societies. 1897 Bristol Times & Mirror 17 June 3/7 They had attempted with some success to establish provident clubs or dispensaries in different parts of London. 1968 A. Bryant Hist. Brit. United Provident Assoc. 2 During the 'twenties and 'thirties many Provident Clubs became linked with particular hospitals. 2003 Scotsman (Nexis) 24 Feb. 12 One theme dear to his heart was the notion of savings or provident clubs even for those on the most modest incomes. provident fund n. (also with capital initials) Finance a fund into which money is deposited or invested to provide for future needs; esp. (now chiefly in South and South-East Asia and parts of Africa) a (statutory) investment fund contributed to by individuals, their employers, and (sometimes) the state, out of which a lump sum is provided to each person at retirement; the money so provided. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > funds or pecuniary resources > [noun] > set apart for a purpose > for other purposes alms purse1530 privy purse1565 sinking fund1717 stakea1744 pension fund1757 spare-chest1769 road fund1784 revolving fund1793 community chest1796 provident fund1817 sustentation fund1837 wages-fund1848 slush fund1874 treasury chest fund1877 fall money1883 jackpot1884 provision1895 war chest1901 juice1935 fighting fund1940 structural fund1967 appeal fund1976 1817 Times 21 Feb. 2/5 (signature of letter) A manager of a provident fund. 1870 J. C. Hotten Charles Dickens xviii. 62/2 The leading feature was the ‘Provident Fund’, to be composed of moneys deposited by the authors themselves, when they were in a position to be able to lay by something. 1938 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 46 196 Unit labor costs [in South African gold mining] have risen slightly as a result of increases in annual contributions to..the European Employees Provident Fund. 1997 A. Roy God of Small Things (1998) ii. 57 He commuted his pension and provident fund to buy a Bharat bottle-sealing machine. provident society n. (also with capital initials) = friendly society n. at friendly adj. and n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > insurance > [noun] > insurance association or friendly society Rechabite1637 friendly society1684 provident society1771 provident club1797 benefit-society1801 benefit-club1812 burial-society1812 ménage1815 burial club1848 forestry1861 tontine1871 shepherdry1900 approved society1911 1771 W. Parker Observ. on Reversionary Payments 113 The Provident Society for the benefit of age promises an annuity of 25l. to a person now 40, after attaining to 50. 1869 Bradshaw's Railway Man. 21 App. 98 The United Kingdom Railway Officers' and Servants' Association, and Railway Provident Society. 1994 Leisure Managem. Sept. 30/1 A transfer of services to an industrial and provident society, owned by its staff. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.a1450
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