| 释义 |
Provençaladj.n. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French provençal. Etymology: < Middle French provenceal, provenzal, Middle French, French provençal (noun) inhabitant of Provence (c1160 in Old French as proençal , also 1180–90 as provencial ), (adjective) relating to the language of the troubadours (1225–9 in Old French), from or inhabiting Provence (end of the 13th cent. in Old French as provencele ) < classical Latin prōvinciālis provincial adj., after Old French Provence Provence n. Compare Old Occitan proenzal , proensal (early 13th cent.; Occitan provençal ), Catalan provençal (1328), Spanish provenzal (1549; 1385 as proençal ), Italian provenzale (c1190 as provenzal ). Compare slightly earlier provincial adj. 3. A. adj.the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > France or Frankish land > [adjective] > other parts of France the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > French nation > [adjective] > parts of the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Italic > of Romance languages > of specific Romance languages 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo II. 17v Euen the Tuscane tongue likewise hath receiued certaine wordes..both French and Peouenciall [read Prouenciall; 1586 Prouencial; It. Prouenzali; Fr. Provençaux] and hath so well appropied them, that they are taken for Tuscane. 1589 T. Nashe To Students in R. Greene Epist. sig. **3 Those that are neither prouenzall men, nor are able to distinguish of Articles. 1607 E. Grimeston tr. S. Goulart 98 At the same incounter, a Prouencall Souldier was shott into the arme with a Musket. 1693 T. Rymer sig. F6v He compos'd several treatises in this Provencial Ryme and Language. 1723 A. Pope 26 Sept. (1956) II. 202 Pieces of the old Provençal Poets. 1754 T. Cooke 6 See Provencial Olives blow, And the Vats of Bourdeaux flow. 1820 J. Keats Ode to Nightingale in 108 Dance, and Provençal song, and sunburnt mirth! 1855 H. H. Milman IV. ix. viii. 220 The high Provençal patriotism of the Troubadour. 1902 5 Apr. 9/2 The Provençal shepherd does not drive his flock but leads it. 1936 A. W. Clapham iv. 78 A not uncommon feature of the Provençal apse is its polygonal external form. 1992 July 54 The plump and comfortable Provençal cows. the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > [adjective] > prepared in regional style 1876 659/1 (heading) Provençal Potage, Boubillasse [sic]. 1932 A. Heath 262 Provençal Sauce. Fry some coarsely chopped tomatoes in smoking oil, [etc.]. 1966 Sept. 2/2 Individual Scampi Provençal—per carton 9/6. 1997 19 Aug. e7 The vegetables and seafood provencal are used to fashion a meal out of one of the more comforting or comfort foods. 2001 S. Walton (2002) p. xv Herb-crusted rack of lamb with Provençal vegetables. B. n.1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy ii. f. 23 The Prouençal in times past so much celebrated..is not vnderstood of the Prouençals [Fr. des Prouençaulx] at this day. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault i. vi. 31 The Gascoin is hot... The Prouenciall is haughtie and cannot indure to be reprooued. 1743 Nov. 602/1 The King's Marriage fill'd the Court with Provincals and Savoyards. 1795 A. Beaumont 89 The Nissards, and Provençals their neighbours,..are accustomed to spend that day [sc. Sunday] in rural and innocent amusements. 1804 C. B. Brown tr. C. F. de Volney 136 A collateral wind, called, by the Provençals, the mistral. 1860 G. J. Adler tr. C. C. Fauriel ii. 33 The works of Petrarch may be regarded as the complement and consummation of the amatory poetry of the Provencals. 1902 5 Apr. 9/1 With all his imagination, the Provençal betrays a curious realism of his own. 1949 J. L. Lamonte xix. 341 When the Holy Lance was discovered by one of Raymond's men, the Provençals had hailed the miracle. 1998 Fall 34/1 No one but a Provençal could make from three simple ingredients..a sauce so heady. the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > postulated Italo-Celtic > Romance > French > Provençal or idiom of 1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy ii. f. 23 The Prouençal [Fr. la Prouençale] in times past so much celebrated..is not vnderstood of the Prouençals at this day. 1642 J. Howell x. 124 The French have three dialects, the Wallon..the Provensall, (whereof the Gascon is a subdialect) and the speech of Languedoc. 1668 J. Gailhard 144 About Piemont..they speak a corrupt Italian, which hath most of the Provenzal in it. 1743 W. Collins 40 The soft Provencial pass'd to Arno's stream. 1787 A. Young Jrnl. 28 June in (1792) i. 25 Region of the Pyrenees..the language of the country is a mixture of Catalan, Provençal, and French. 1861 T. Wright II. xxii. 221 Provençal was degraded to be the mere conversational dialect of the vulgar. 1882 W. W. Skeat p. xviii The other Romance languages..are Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Provençal, Romansch, and Wallachian. 1901 Oct. 484 One wished that the periodical should be bi-lingual and the other that it should be solely in Provençal. 1922 43 170 Modern Provencial and Walloon have n, between vowels, representing Latin ūnus and ūna. 1964 16 34 Occitan—or Provençal, as it is more usually known—was one of the major European literary languages. 1990 B. Bryson ii. 33 It is not too much to say that French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, and Romanian (as well as a dozen or so minor languages/dialects like Provençal and Catalan) are essentially modern versions of Latin. Derivatives the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > postulated Italo-Celtic > Romance > French > Provençal or idiom of 1896 11 217/2 Gaspary treated as Provençalisms in the Sicilian poems all words that could be explained only by the laws of Provençal phonology. 1958 10 31 Gallicisms (including Provençalisms and Catalanisms). 1993 G. Mazzotta vi. 139 The shift from a political rhetoric to a love rhetoric..is also signaled by the use of a Provençalism such as ‘chier’. the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > postulated Italo-Celtic > Romance > French > student of Provençal 1934 30 Aug. 587/1 Mr. W. P. Shepard, himself no mean Provençalist. 1992 69 100 European intellectuals who reached a safe haven in this country..including the Berlin Provençalist Kurt Lewent..encountered unanticipated difficulties in regard to employment. 1946 43 281/2 The chief error of Errante seems to be in Provençalizing and generalizing a statement that would have been correct for Italian poetry. 1981 56 427 Ramon Llull's ‘poetry in Catalan’ is in fact heavily Provençalized. 1898 14 May 513/3 Guittone di Arezzo is the first conspicuous name of the indigenous Italian school which quickly followed these Provençalised Sicilians. 1979 54 592 A poem of particular linguistic interest is no. IX, which, in a Provençalized version, is attributed to Thibaut. 1994 63 287 March was the first poet whose surviving work was composed in Catalan, as distinct from a Catalanized Provencal or a Provencalized Catalan. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  adj.n.1581 |
