protractorn.

Brit.

/prəˈtraktə/, U.S.

/ˈproʊˌtræktər/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: protract v., -or suffix.

Etymology: < protract v. + -or suffix. Compare post-classical Latin protractor person who summons another to law (13th cent.; < classical Latin prōtract- , past participial stem of prōtrahere protract v. + -or -or suffix). Compare protracter n.In sense 4 perhaps after French protracteur (1847; earlier as adjective in muscle protracteur (1805 in Cuvier; compare protractor muscle at sense 4)).

1. An instrument for marking out or measuring angles, typically in the form of a flat semicircle marked with degrees along the curved edge.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measuring instrument > [noun] > for measuring angles

protractor1602

recipiangle1728

goniometer1766

trigonometer1767

repeating circle1799

angulometer1817

sine bar1915

1602 J. Tapp Seamans Kalender sig. K4 (heading) The Tipe of a Trauerse boord and a protractor.

1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words Protractor, a certain Mathematical instrument made of brasse, consisting of the Scale and Semicircle, used in the surveying of Land.

1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 92 Measure the Angle marked upon the Plan with the Protractor.

1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. x. 105 Whole circles, or theodolites, divided into degrees and their parts, quadrants and sextants, are usually employed in measuring angles; and protractors, semicircles, and lines of chords, in laying them off.

1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 421 The application of an ordinary horn protractor will at once show the angle included in every instance.

1926 J. J. Connington Death at Swaythling Court vi. 108 With the protractor, he measured the angle made by the two lines on the map.

2006 Times Educ. Suppl. (Nexis) 20 Jan. 31 There is still a lot of learning to be had from exploring rules associated with congruent triangles by getting pupils to investigate them using a ruler, pencil, and protractor.

†2. A person who or (occasionally) thing which prolongs time or the duration of an action or process; someone who puts off or delays action. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > [noun] > long duration or lasting through time > lengthening in duration or prolonging > one who draws out

prolonger1548

wire-drawer1566

lengthener?1577

protracter1611

protractor1611

the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > [noun] > one who delays

tarrier1382

delayer1509

postponer1533

prolonger1548

proroguer1551

deferrer1552

waiter upon God1592

procrastinator1607

temporizer1609

protracter1611

protractor1611

retarder1644

cunctator1654

adjourner1738

postponator1775

putter-off1803

tomorrower1810

offput1856

shelver1881

staller1937

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Delayeur, a delayer, deferrer, protractor, prolonger, lingerer, wiredrawer.

1697 G. Burghope Disc. Relig. Assemblies 144 The protractors and delayers of due preparation.

1737 Visct. Bolingbroke Lett. Study Hist. (1777) viii. 277 I know not what part the protractors of the war..intended to take.

†3. Surgery. A kind of forceps used to extract foreign bodies; = protracter n. 2. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical instruments > [noun] > instruments for extracting foreign bodies

ground-drawer1598

upheaver1598

crow-bill1611

probang1657

stork's bill1671

goose-bill1676

alphonsine1688

protracter1726

protractor1728

bullet-drawer1752

parasol probang1882

coin-catcher1895

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Protractor, an Instrument us'd in Surgery, to draw out any foreign or disagreeable Bodies from a Wound, or ulcer, in like manner as the Forceps.

4. Zoology. A muscle whose contraction protracts or extends a limb or organ. Also more fully protractor muscle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > types of muscles > [noun]

sphincter1578

raiser1588

in-muscle?1609

oblique1612

abducens1615

abductor1615

adductor1615

antagonist1615

bender1615

depressor1615

extender1615

flexor1615

levator1615

quadratus1615

rectus1615

retractor1615

sphincter-muscle1615

accelerator1638

bicepsa1641

elevator1646

adducent1649

lifter1649

rotator1657

flector1666

contractor1682

dilater1683

orbicularis palpebrarum1694

transverse muscle1696

tensor muscle1704

biventer1706

extensor1713

attollent1728

constrictor1741

dilator1741

risibles1785

orbicularis oculi1797

obliquus1799

erector1828

extensor-muscle1830

compressor1836

trans-muscle1836

antagonizer1844

motor1846

evertor1848

inflector1851

protractor1853

prime mover1860

orbicular1872

transversalis1872

invertor1875

skeletal muscle1877

dilatator1878

occlusor muscle1878

sphincter1879

pilomotor1892

agonist1896

1853 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 143 31 When this organ [sc. the molluscan tongue] is in action, it is commonly more or less protruded from the mouth by the protractor muscles.

1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon Elements Med. Zool. ii. v. ii. 276 Four muscles, two of which are protractors [Fr. protracteurs], and two retractors.

1871 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Vertebrated Animals 49 The psoas minor..is a protractor of the pelvis.

1930 H. G. Newth Marshall & Hurst's Junior Course Pract. Zool. (ed. 11) vii. 96 Close to the adductors are the smaller protractor and retractor muscles of the foot, the origins of which have already been seen on the inner surface of the shell.

1984 Times Lit. Suppl. 7 Sept. 984/3 Though the camel is retromingent, its powerful protractor muscles absolve it from the difficult feat of retrocopulation.

1997 G. S. Helfman et al. Diversity of Fishes iv. 37/1 Muscles are arranged in pairs at the bases of the dorsal and anal fins: protractors erect the fins and retractors depress the fins.

†5. Tailoring. An adjustable pattern. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > [noun] > equipment > pattern

patterna1632

pattern body1819

paper pattern1833

protractor1875

toile1933

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1812/1 Protractor,..an adjustable tailor's pattern, expansible to agree in its proportions with the particular measurements and capable of being secured in the obtained adjustment.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	protractor
释义	protractorn. Brit. /prəˈtraktə/, U.S. /ˈproʊˌtræktər/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: protract v., -or suffix. Etymology: < protract v. + -or suffix. Compare post-classical Latin protractor person who summons another to law (13th cent.; < classical Latin prōtract- , past participial stem of prōtrahere protract v. + -or -or suffix). Compare protracter n.In sense 4 perhaps after French protracteur (1847; earlier as adjective in muscle protracteur (1805 in Cuvier; compare protractor muscle at sense 4)). 1. An instrument for marking out or measuring angles, typically in the form of a flat semicircle marked with degrees along the curved edge. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measuring instrument > [noun] > for measuring angles protractor1602 recipiangle1728 goniometer1766 trigonometer1767 repeating circle1799 angulometer1817 sine bar1915 1602 J. Tapp Seamans Kalender sig. K4 (heading) The Tipe of a Trauerse boord and a protractor. 1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words Protractor, a certain Mathematical instrument made of brasse, consisting of the Scale and Semicircle, used in the surveying of Land. 1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 92 Measure the Angle marked upon the Plan with the Protractor. 1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. x. 105 Whole circles, or theodolites, divided into degrees and their parts, quadrants and sextants, are usually employed in measuring angles; and protractors, semicircles, and lines of chords, in laying them off. 1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 421 The application of an ordinary horn protractor will at once show the angle included in every instance. 1926 J. J. Connington Death at Swaythling Court vi. 108 With the protractor, he measured the angle made by the two lines on the map. 2006 Times Educ. Suppl. (Nexis) 20 Jan. 31 There is still a lot of learning to be had from exploring rules associated with congruent triangles by getting pupils to investigate them using a ruler, pencil, and protractor. †2. A person who or (occasionally) thing which prolongs time or the duration of an action or process; someone who puts off or delays action. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > [noun] > long duration or lasting through time > lengthening in duration or prolonging > one who draws out prolonger1548 wire-drawer1566 lengthener?1577 protracter1611 protractor1611 the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > [noun] > one who delays tarrier1382 delayer1509 postponer1533 prolonger1548 proroguer1551 deferrer1552 waiter upon God1592 procrastinator1607 temporizer1609 protracter1611 protractor1611 retarder1644 cunctator1654 adjourner1738 postponator1775 putter-off1803 tomorrower1810 offput1856 shelver1881 staller1937 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Delayeur, a delayer, deferrer, protractor, prolonger, lingerer, wiredrawer. 1697 G. Burghope Disc. Relig. Assemblies 144 The protractors and delayers of due preparation. 1737 Visct. Bolingbroke Lett. Study Hist. (1777) viii. 277 I know not what part the protractors of the war..intended to take. †3. Surgery. A kind of forceps used to extract foreign bodies; = protracter n. 2. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical instruments > [noun] > instruments for extracting foreign bodies ground-drawer1598 upheaver1598 crow-bill1611 probang1657 stork's bill1671 goose-bill1676 alphonsine1688 protracter1726 protractor1728 bullet-drawer1752 parasol probang1882 coin-catcher1895 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Protractor, an Instrument us'd in Surgery, to draw out any foreign or disagreeable Bodies from a Wound, or ulcer, in like manner as the Forceps. 4. Zoology. A muscle whose contraction protracts or extends a limb or organ. Also more fully protractor muscle. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > types of muscles > [noun] sphincter1578 raiser1588 in-muscle?1609 oblique1612 abducens1615 abductor1615 adductor1615 antagonist1615 bender1615 depressor1615 extender1615 flexor1615 levator1615 quadratus1615 rectus1615 retractor1615 sphincter-muscle1615 accelerator1638 bicepsa1641 elevator1646 adducent1649 lifter1649 rotator1657 flector1666 contractor1682 dilater1683 orbicularis palpebrarum1694 transverse muscle1696 tensor muscle1704 biventer1706 extensor1713 attollent1728 constrictor1741 dilator1741 risibles1785 orbicularis oculi1797 obliquus1799 erector1828 extensor-muscle1830 compressor1836 trans-muscle1836 antagonizer1844 motor1846 evertor1848 inflector1851 protractor1853 prime mover1860 orbicular1872 transversalis1872 invertor1875 skeletal muscle1877 dilatator1878 occlusor muscle1878 sphincter1879 pilomotor1892 agonist1896 1853 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 143 31 When this organ [sc. the molluscan tongue] is in action, it is commonly more or less protruded from the mouth by the protractor muscles. 1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon Elements Med. Zool. ii. v. ii. 276 Four muscles, two of which are protractors [Fr. protracteurs], and two retractors. 1871 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Vertebrated Animals 49 The psoas minor..is a protractor of the pelvis. 1930 H. G. Newth Marshall & Hurst's Junior Course Pract. Zool. (ed. 11) vii. 96 Close to the adductors are the smaller protractor and retractor muscles of the foot, the origins of which have already been seen on the inner surface of the shell. 1984 Times Lit. Suppl. 7 Sept. 984/3 Though the camel is retromingent, its powerful protractor muscles absolve it from the difficult feat of retrocopulation. 1997 G. S. Helfman et al. Diversity of Fishes iv. 37/1 Muscles are arranged in pairs at the bases of the dorsal and anal fins: protractors erect the fins and retractors depress the fins. †5. Tailoring. An adjustable pattern. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > [noun] > equipment > pattern patterna1632 pattern body1819 paper pattern1833 protractor1875 toile1933 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1812/1 Protractor,..an adjustable tailor's pattern, expansible to agree in its proportions with the particular measurements and capable of being secured in the obtained adjustment. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1602
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